Minerva stomatologica最新文献

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD-HD) patients undergoing routine hemodialysis have been reported to have oral signs and symptoms due to disease process or various comorbidities like diabetes mellitus (DM). Both CKD and DM can cause oral changes. Hence this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of oral symptoms and signs in CKD-HD patients and to rule out DM as possible confounding factor for the oral findings.

Methods: Oral manifestations were assessed in 102 CKD-HD patients, and compared with 100 DM patients and 101 non-diabetic patients with no renal impairment.

Results: Most common symptom reported by patients with CKD-HD were xerostomia, altered taste. The most prevalent objective findings were oral dryness. There was statistically significant difference in symptoms and signs between CKD-HD and non-CKD patients. However, no significant difference between CKD-HD with and without DM.

Conclusions: This study showed increased prevalence of oral findings in CKD patients. It also revealed that Diabetes mellitus cannot be a contributing factor for increased prevalence of oral manifestations in CKD patients.

Background: Piezoelectric surgery has been used in many different medical fields, for instance it is used in the field of oral surgery, as a valuable alternative to traditional rotary burs. Its first use dates to 1975 by Horton even if the first effective device for use in dentistry, has been developed by Vercellotti after the year 2000. The hypothesis of this study is that piezosurgery technology is more suitable in terms of specific intra-operative and postoperative evaluations compared to the rotary technology in ostectomy for the avulsion of the third molar germ. The null hypothesis presented is the lack of significant differences between the two technologies after and during surgery.

Methods: Intraoperative and postoperative aspects are evaluated for a comparison between traditional rotary instruments and piezosurgery during germectomies in young patients through a blind randomized study (split-mouth). The surgical technique to employ for each hemi-arch was randomly selected from a computer algorithm. Different criteria were considered during the surgical procedure, in order to compare the two techniques.

Results: The piezoelectric technique demanded more time than traditional rotary method, and the difference was statistically significant both for the time of the entire procedure and the time only required for the ostectomy itself. Postoperative evaluations such as maximum mouth opening, facial swelling and postoperative pain showed no statistical difference.

Conclusions: Even if the adopted clinical trial did not highlight any statistical difference the following review of literature showed an encouraging reduction in postoperative discomfort given by the piezosurgery as opposed to the traditional rotary bur surgery. The time taken to complete the operation, however, was longer with piezosurgery compared to traditional burs.

Background: Peri-implantitis treatment is a very challenging topic to discuss. What is certain is that preventive/supportive therapy plays a key-role in peri-implant tissues' health maintenance and non-surgical implant surface mechanical debridement remains one of the solid pillars in the therapeutic pathway. In this perspective, many surface decontaminating methods have been proposed and tested to remove hard and soft bacterial deposits. The aim of this study was to compare four different commonly used non-surgical implant debridement methods in terms of cleaning potential in vitro, using a peri-implant pocket-simulating model.

Methods: Sixty-four dental implants were ink-stained and placed into a simulated peri-implant pocket. Samples were then divided into four groups and treated with different debridement methods: stainless-steel ultrasonic tip (PS), peek-coated ultrasonic tip (PI), sub-gingival air-polishing with erythritol powder (EHX) and sub-gingival air-polishing with glycine powder (GLY). For each treatment group, half of the samples were treated for 5 seconds and the other half for 45 seconds. High-resolution images were taken using a digital microscope and later analyzed with a light processing software for measuring the cleaned area percentage (ink-free). Two different images were captured for every sample: a first image with the implant positioned perpendicular to the microscope lenses (90°) and a second one with the implant placed with a 45° vertical angulation, with the smooth neck towards the ground. Percentage of removed ink was statistically modelled using a generalized linear mixed model with the implant as a random (clustering) factor.

Results: A paired comparison between all treatments in terms of debridement potential (cleaned area percentage) was performed. In 5s and with 90° sample angulation EHX/PS comparison showed an odds ratio of 2.75 (P<0.001), PI/EHX an OR of 0.20 (P<0.001), GLY/PS an OR of 2.90 (P<0.001), PI/GLY an OR of 0.19 (P<0.001) and PI/PS an OR of 0.56 (P=0.105). With the same sample angulation and 45s treatment time, the OR was 6.97 (P<0.001) for EHX/PS comparison, 0.14 (P<0.001) for PI/EHX comparison, 4.99 (P<0.001) for GLY/PS, 0.19 (P<0.001) for PI/GLY and 0.95 for PI/PS (P =0.989). With 5s of treatment time and 45° sample angulation, EHX/PS comparison shows a 3.19 odds ratio (P<0.001), PI/EHX a 0.14 odds ratio (P<0.001), GLY/PS a 3.06 odds ratio (P<0.001), PI/GLY a 0.15 odds ratio (P<0.001) and PI/PS a 0.46 odds ratio (P=0.017). With the same sample angulation but 45s treatment time, EHX/PS comparison produced an odds ratio of 4.90 (P<0.001), PI/EHX an OR of 0.20 (P<0.001), GLY/PS an OR of 8.74 (P<0.001), PI/GLY an OR of 0.11 (P<0.001) and PI/PS an OR 0.96 of (P =0.996).

Conclusions: Among the four treatments considered, air-polishing therapy represents the best one in terms of ink removal from the implant surface. F

Introduction: The field of medicine takes steps forward every day. Although some aspects of our organism seem clear, scientific discoveries also affect fields such as anatomy. Recently, transcortical vessels (TCVs) have been debated, although it was thought that cortical bones were not interested by these structures. This would upset some concepts of oral surgery, maxillofacial surgery, periodontics and implantology.

Evidence acqusition: In this study an analysis of the literature on this topic was carried out, and it is proposed to understand the possible implications of TCVs to the oral health.

Evidence synthesis: Being a current topic, the aim of the study is to promote research in this field, leading to the evidence of these anatomical structures in the maxillofacial district. This study is of a prospective type, there are no other results that speak of these vessels in the maxillofacial district, waiting for a histological study.

Conclusions: The purpose of the study, therefore, is to shed light on this topic, so that the research could move in this direction.

Background: Dental implants placed in medically compromised patients have predictable outcomes and a high rate of survival, compared to those placed in healthy patients. The aims of this study were to observe and compare implant survival/success rates and soft tissue response to tissue-level implants placed in healthy and medically compromised patients with a 1-year follow-up.

Methods: Seventy-two patients, 36 healthy patients (20 females and 16 males) and 36 medically compromised patients (18 females and 18 males) affected by cardiovascular diseases (arrythmia, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, bypass and pacemaker surgery), depression, endocrine metabolic diseases (hypercholesterolemia, type II diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis), gastrointestinal diseases (gastritis, hiatal hernia, gastric ulcers), asthma, osteoporosis or glaucoma received one tissue-level implant. Measurements for primary and secondary outcomes were collected immediately after implant placement and at 1 year from implant insertion.

Results: Three were failed and two were survived out of a total of 72 implants. Among healthy patients, two implants failed while one was classified as survived; among Medically compromised patients one implant failed and another one was classified as survived. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of success rate or survival rate. No statistically significant differences between the two groups' marginal bone level was observed. In healthy patients a mean loss of keratinized tissue (-0.1±0.6 mm) was reported, while in medically compromised patients a mean gain was reported (+0.5±0.8 mm).

Conclusions: In terms of success, failure and survival rates, tissue level implants placed in healthy and in medically compromised individuals showed no short-term (1 year) differences.