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Experienced Benefits and Barriers of E-Business Technology Adoption by SME Suppliers 中小企业供应商采用电子商务技术的经验收益和障碍
Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.791778
Ali Abu Abid, M. Rahim, H. Scheepers
E-business technologies present unique opportunities and challenges for businesses, and Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are no exception. However, there is a rich body of the e-business literature concentrates on adoption concerns from SMEs buyers’ viewpoint, little research has so far been reported from the viewpoint of SME suppliers. Participation of SME suppliers needs to be ensured in order to use the full potential of e-business technologies. This study was thus initiated to identify the experienced and expected benefits and barriers to adoption of ebusiness technologies from the viewpoint of group SME suppliers. In general, the findings designate that the SME suppliers have experienced numerous impediments that they need to overcome for the successful implementation of e-business technologies. The suppliers also have a broader view of e-business benefits than just cost saving.
电子商务技术为企业带来了独特的机遇和挑战,中小型企业也不例外。然而,有大量的电子商务文献从中小企业买家的角度关注采用问题,迄今为止从中小企业供应商的角度进行的研究很少。必须确保中小企业供应商的参与,以充分利用电子商务技术的潜力。因此,本研究旨在从中小企业供应商的角度出发,确定采用电子商务技术的经验和预期收益以及障碍。总的来说,调查结果表明,中小企业供应商经历了许多障碍,他们需要克服这些障碍才能成功实施电子商务技术。供应商对电子商务的好处也有更广泛的看法,而不仅仅是节省成本。
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引用次数: 40
Using Cloud Computing in Higher Education: A Strategy to Improve Agility in the Current Financial Crisis 在高等教育中使用云计算:在当前金融危机中提高灵活性的策略
Pub Date : 2011-06-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.875547
Marinela Mircea, A. Andreescu
In the current financial crisis and being challenged by growing needs, universities are facing problems in providing necessary information technology (IT) support for educational, research and development activities. The objective of this paper is to find alternatives to the use of IT, while leading universities to improve agility and obtain savings. The research methodology consisted in a rigorous analysis of the latest research on Cloud Computing as an alternative to IT provision, management and security. It also took into account the best practices for Cloud Computing usage within universities, plus the authors’ experience in IT and higher education. The article begins with a brief introduction to Cloud Computing in universities, referring to the most important results obtained so far. Further, a starting point for universities to use Cloud Computing is provided, by proposing an adoption strategy. The strategy includes five stages, with emphasis on the evaluation of data and processes/functions/applications from several major universities based on some key criteria, while creating a correspondence between these aspects and the models/services/applications that exist on the Cloud market. The results obtained are encouraging and support the use of Cloud solutions in universities by improving knowledge in this field and providing a practical guide adaptable to the university’s structure. In order to be applicable in practice, the proposed model takes into account the university’s architecture and criteria such as mission, availability and importance of applications and also the data’s mission, sensitivity, confidentiality, integrity and availability.
在当前的金融危机和日益增长的需求的挑战下,大学面临着为教育、研究和发展活动提供必要的信息技术支持的问题。本文的目标是找到IT使用的替代方案,同时领导大学提高敏捷性并获得节省。研究方法包括对云计算作为IT供应、管理和安全的替代方案的最新研究进行严格分析。它还考虑了大学内部云计算使用的最佳实践,以及作者在It和高等教育方面的经验。本文首先简要介绍了大学中的云计算,提到了迄今为止获得的最重要的结果。此外,通过提出采用策略,为大学使用云计算提供了一个起点。该战略包括五个阶段,重点是基于一些关键标准对来自几所主要大学的数据和流程/功能/应用进行评估,同时在这些方面与云市场上存在的模型/服务/应用之间建立对应关系。通过提高这一领域的知识,并提供适应大学结构的实用指南,所获得的结果是鼓励和支持在大学中使用云解决方案。为了在实践中适用,所提出的模型考虑了大学的架构和标准,如任务、应用程序的可用性和重要性,以及数据的任务、敏感性、保密性、完整性和可用性。
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引用次数: 231
Investigating the Relationship between Knowledge Sharing Strategies and Organizational Excellence Pillars 知识共享策略与组织卓越支柱的关系研究
Pub Date : 2011-05-25 DOI: 10.5171/2011.923859
A. Al-Faouri, S. Dasgupta, M. Al-Kasasbeh
Although it is generally accepted that only organizations with a commitment to knowledge sharing and organizational excellence will remain competitive, there are an alarmingly low number of public organizations that have been identified as having the basics of excellence in the fourth cycle (2008/2009) of King Abdullah II Award for Excellence in Government Performance and Transparency in Jordan. It is then the aim to perform a study that seeks to investigate the relationship between codification and personalization knowledge sharing strategies on three main pillars of organizational excellence which were adapted by the award. These pillars include: customer focus, results orientation and transparency. Survey method employing a questionnaire as a technique for collecting data was used. The survey involves four selected government organizations who won the award in the fourth cycle (2008/2009) and are familiar with the topic of this study. 500 questionnaires were distributed using the simple random sampling technique yielding to 191 usable responses. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 15. To ensure the validity and reliability of the instrument, factor analysis and reliability test were performed. Analysis revealed that there are positive and significant relationships between codification and personalization knowledge sharing strategies and each of the organizational excellence pillars. The results of multiple regression analyses indicated that codification knowledge sharing strategies is a more significant predictor of each organizational pillar than personalization knowledge sharing strategies. The results of this study could encourage public organizations in adopting knowledge sharing strategies to enhance their organizational excellence.
虽然人们普遍认为,只有致力于知识共享和组织卓越的组织才能保持竞争力,但在约旦阿卜杜拉二世国王政府绩效和透明度卓越奖的第四个周期(2008/2009)中,被确定具有卓越基础的公共组织数量少得惊人。然后,目的是进行一项研究,旨在调查组织卓越的三个主要支柱上的法典化和个性化知识共享策略之间的关系,这些策略被该奖项所采用。这些支柱包括:以客户为中心、以结果为导向和透明度。采用问卷调查法作为收集数据的技术。本次调查选取了四家在第四周期(2008/2009)获得该奖项并熟悉本研究主题的政府机构。采用简单随机抽样的方法发放了500份问卷,得到了191份可用答复。收集的数据使用SPSS version 15进行分析。为保证仪器的效度和信度,进行了因子分析和信度检验。分析发现,知识共享策略的法典化和个性化与组织卓越支柱之间存在显著的正相关关系。多元回归分析结果表明,法典化知识共享策略比个性化知识共享策略对各组织支柱的预测作用更显著。本研究结果可鼓励公共组织采用知识共享策略提升组织卓越性。
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引用次数: 4
Employer Branding in Selected Companies in United Arab Emirates 阿拉伯联合酋长国选定公司的雇主品牌
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.228533
Jawahitha Sarabdeen, Nada El-Rakhawy, Haneen Niaz Khan
The article is an attempt to analyze the concept of employer branding and apply the concept to selected companies in United Arab Emirates (UAE). The concept of employer branding is drawn upon pre-existing theories, models, and practices across fields of marketing, human resource management and organizational behaviour. Various literature from marketing, organisational behaviour and human resource management were analysed to built the conceptual framework then three companies were selected to illustrate adoption of employer branding in United Arab Emirates. The research method used in the research paper is content analysis. The analysis shows that employers in the region do engage in employer branding initiatives.
本文试图分析雇主品牌的概念,并将这一概念应用于阿拉伯联合酋长国(阿联酋)的选定公司。雇主品牌的概念是在市场营销、人力资源管理和组织行为学领域已有的理论、模型和实践的基础上形成的。从市场营销,组织行为和人力资源管理的各种文献进行了分析,以建立概念框架,然后三家公司被选中,以说明采用雇主品牌在阿拉伯联合酋长国。本研究论文采用的研究方法是内容分析法。分析显示,该地区的雇主确实参与了雇主品牌推广活动。
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引用次数: 13
Call Centers Performance An Application of Structuration Theory 呼叫中心绩效:结构理论的应用
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.606307
W. Kort, J. Gharbi
The academic field of individual performance is concerned with a large range of multifaceted questions regarding the prediction of individual performance, the assessment issue, or the enhancement and the keeping of a performance value. Current debates have emerged in call centers context. Based on structuration theory, this paper tries to understand the process that leads to individual performance. A case study based on half structured interviews is made at “Teleperformance”. Results show that there are three kinds of determinants: (1) agent features, (2) technological structures and (3) non technological structures shape performance. The relationship between agent features and structures is assumed to be recursive.
个人绩效的学术领域涉及一系列多方面的问题,包括个人绩效的预测、评估问题,或绩效价值的提高和保持。目前的争论出现在呼叫中心的背景下。基于结构理论,本文试图理解导致个体绩效的过程。一个基于半结构化面试的案例研究是在“Teleperformance”进行的。结果表明,影响企业绩效的因素有三种:(1)主体特征;(2)技术结构;(3)非技术结构。假设智能体特征和结构之间的关系是递归的。
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引用次数: 6
Achieving Competitive Advantage (CA) through Information Infrastructure Capability (IIC): An Empirical Justification 通过信息基础设施能力(IIC)实现竞争优势:一个实证论证
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.842405
Lew Sook Ling
The goals of most of the organisations are achieving their sustainable competitive advantage (CA) challenges. One of the organizational initiatives is to invest appropriate information infrastructures. However, organisations may face difficulties to select effective information infrastructures in their respective situations to achieve CA from elusive information. This paper is to connect the Information infrastructure capability (IIC) to CA with empirical justification. Hence, IICs are categorised into dynamic capability (D), integrating capability (I), data management capability (DM), security capability (S), utility capability (U) and collaborating capability (C) from past studies. This paper then empirically test the model using a set of survey data collected from 295 MSC Malaysia companies with the aim to analyse IICs in a holistic way. Four capabilities emerge from the factor analysis as IICs: D, I, DM and U. These results show there is an empirical link between IICs which comprises D, I, DM and U with CA. Finally, a clear full chain of variables model connecting IIC to organisational CA is obtained to fill the research lacuna.
大多数组织的目标是实现他们的可持续竞争优势(CA)挑战。组织活动之一是投资适当的信息基础设施。然而,组织在选择有效的信息基础设施以从难以捉摸的信息中实现CA时可能会遇到困难。本文将信息基础设施能力(Information infrastructure capability, IIC)与CA联系起来,并进行实证论证。因此,从过去的研究中,iic被分为动态能力(D)、集成能力(I)、数据管理能力(DM)、安全能力(S)、效用能力(U)和协作能力(C)。然后,本文使用从295家马来西亚MSC公司收集的一组调查数据对该模型进行了实证检验,旨在以整体方式分析IICs。从因子分析中可以得出四种能力:D、I、DM和U。这些结果表明,由D、I、DM和U组成的IIC与CA之间存在着实证联系。最后,我们得到了一个清晰的IIC与组织CA之间的全变量链模型,填补了研究的空白。
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引用次数: 0
A Five-Layered Business Intelligence Architecture 五层商业智能体系结构
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.5171/2011.695619
I. Ong, P. Siew, S. Wong
Many organizations today have adopted business intelligence (BI) as a catalyst to meet specific business needs and to improve organizational effectiveness. Although BI has become more robust and pervasive, some organizations are still unable to maximize the return on their BI investments. One contributing reason is the lack of a good guiding BI architecture to support the implementation of such a system. Having a solid architecture can help organizations to better control the implementation process as well as the operation of the entire BI environment. A review of the existing literature shows that although the importance of a good BI architecture is non-arguable, research in this area is still lacking. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a framework of BI architecture which consists of five layers: data source, ETL, data warehouse, end user
如今,许多组织已经采用商业智能(BI)作为催化剂,以满足特定的业务需求并提高组织效率。尽管BI已经变得更加健壮和普及,但一些组织仍然无法最大化其BI投资的回报。一个重要的原因是缺乏一个好的指导BI架构来支持这样一个系统的实现。拥有一个坚实的体系结构可以帮助组织更好地控制实现过程以及整个BI环境的操作。对现有文献的回顾表明,尽管良好的BI架构的重要性是不容置疑的,但在这一领域的研究仍然缺乏。为了填补这一空白,本文提出了一个由数据源、ETL、数据仓库、最终用户五层组成的BI体系结构框架
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引用次数: 40
Testing Web Services Composition: A Mapping Study 测试Web服务组合:映射研究
Pub Date : 2011-02-05 DOI: 10.5171/2011.598357
H. Rusli, S. Ibrahim, Mazidah Puteh
E-business systems are known for their frequent changes in business requirements, and traditional software development engineering approaches have difficulties in keeping up with this dynamicity. The use of service oriented architecture in software development has become popular as it provides a solution to frequent changes to business environments in a heterogeneous network. In service oriented architecture, new systems are quickly developed by combining services developed and owned by different organizations, and one way of realising this architecture is via Web services. Although much research effort has been put into the discovery, invocation and composition of services testing Web services has only begun to attract interest from both researchers and industry players. This paper aims to provide a mapping study of current Web services composition testing researches conducted by other researchers. Research papers on testing of Web services composition were gathered from various scholarly databases using provided search engines within a given period of time. The research papers were then classified according to issues addressed by them. The aim is to get a broad overview of the current state of research in Web services composition testing. By looking at the areas focused by existing researchers, gaps and untouched areas of Web services composition testing can be discovered.
电子商务系统以其业务需求的频繁变化而闻名,传统的软件开发工程方法在跟上这种动态方面存在困难。在软件开发中使用面向服务的体系结构已经变得很流行,因为它为异构网络中业务环境的频繁更改提供了解决方案。在面向服务的体系结构中,通过组合由不同组织开发和拥有的服务来快速开发新系统,实现这种体系结构的一种方法是通过Web服务。尽管在发现、调用和组合测试Web服务的服务方面已经投入了大量的研究工作,但它才刚刚开始吸引研究人员和行业参与者的兴趣。本文旨在对目前其他研究者进行的Web服务组合测试研究进行映射研究。在给定的时间段内,使用提供的搜索引擎从各种学术数据库收集了关于Web服务组合测试的研究论文。然后根据研究论文所涉及的问题对其进行分类。本文的目的是对Web服务组合测试的当前研究状态有一个广泛的概述。通过查看现有研究人员关注的领域,可以发现Web服务组合测试的空白和未触及的领域。
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引用次数: 18
Layered Approach to Open Source Software Development Success 开源软件开发成功的分层方法
Pub Date : 2011-02-05 DOI: 10.5171/2011.160480
Aminat A. Showole, S. Sahibuddin, S. Ibrahim
Open source has emerged as a widely accepted software development phenomenon which has tremendously brought about a significant paradigm shift from traditional software development methodologies such as top down design and stepwise refinement to an unconventional software development approach by means of collaborative software development method among a wide geographically dispersed interested developers and committed project participants while paying less attention to immediate “physical gains”. The open source approach focuses on highly diverse views of developer motivations; ranging from ego gratification, ideological satisfaction and gift culture for individual developers and open source motivations may be viewed from spreading the software development risks and associated maintenance costs at corporate organisational level. In this article, a five layered open onion model of open source was broadly examined. Analysis and evaluation were narrowed down to only the initiation layer of the open onion model. Results show that open source success largely depends on the quality associated with successful initiation of the project. Our findings also reveal that the most popular open source license is GPL and that license type has significant impact on project rank. The domain audience has negative impact on project rank and user interface has significantly negative impact on project’s domain audience. Open source project topics covered have a significant impact on the domain audience and a negative effect on the user interface. This research has also presented a conceptual framework of open source success tree.
开源已经成为一种被广泛接受的软件开发现象,它极大地带来了一个重要的范式转变,从传统的软件开发方法,如自顶向下的设计和逐步细化,到非传统的软件开发方法,通过在广泛的地理分散的感兴趣的开发人员和承诺的项目参与者之间进行协作的软件开发方法,而不太关注直接的“物理”收益”。开源方法关注开发人员动机的高度多样化的观点;从个人开发人员的自我满足、意识形态满足和礼物文化来看,开源动机可能会在公司组织层面上传播软件开发风险和相关的维护成本。本文对开源的五层开放洋葱模型进行了广泛的研究。分析和评价仅限于开放洋葱模型的起始层。结果表明,开源的成功很大程度上取决于与项目成功启动相关的质量。我们的研究结果还显示,最受欢迎的开源许可证是GPL,许可证类型对项目排名有显著影响。领域受众对项目排名有负向影响,用户界面对项目的领域受众有显著的负向影响。所涉及的开源项目主题对领域受众有重大影响,对用户界面有负面影响。本研究还提出了开源成功树的概念框架。
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引用次数: 7
Automatic Acquisition of Corpus for Multimedia Applications 多媒体应用语料库的自动获取
Pub Date : 2011-02-05 DOI: 10.5171/2011.254926
Najeh Hajlaoui
Evaluations of tools (information retrieval systems, machine learning, speech recognition, machine translation, automatic acquisition of data, etc.) are annually organized throughout evaluation campaigns (TREC, ELRA, ESTER IWSLT, etc.). The building of an ad hoc evaluation corpus in the context of these evaluation campaigns is a complex task and it is done manually today and with a high cost. Indeed, this is a very dedicated corpus that would answer to an application need in a precise context but automating its building is a challenge that will help significantly the organization of these campaigns. As a contribution to this challenge, we propose in a context of multimedia information retrieval, an approach of multilevel extension of a small applicative corpus to a larger and voluminous corpus based on the detection of intersections between the two corpus in terms of lemmas having the same grammatical label, that means to get a list of appropriate terminology for which we use several tools (internal and external to our laboratory) and we try to evaluate them in order to keep consistency and coherence with the original corpus..
工具评估(信息检索系统、机器学习、语音识别、机器翻译、数据自动获取等)每年在评估活动(TREC、ELRA、ESTER IWSLT等)中组织。在这些评估活动的背景下建立一个特别的评估语料库是一项复杂的任务,目前是手工完成的,而且成本很高。的确,这是一个非常专用的语料库,可以在精确的上下文中满足应用程序的需求,但是自动化它的构建是一个挑战,它将极大地帮助这些活动的组织。为了应对这一挑战,我们在多媒体信息检索的背景下,提出了一种基于检测两个语料库之间具有相同语法标签的词的交集,将小的应用语料库多层次扩展到更大的语料库的方法。这意味着我们要得到一个合适的术语列表,我们使用几个工具(内部和外部的实验室),我们试图评估它们,以保持与原始语料库的一致性和一致性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Communications of the IBIMA
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