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Social comparison theory: A review and future directions 社会比较理论:回顾与未来方向
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22087
Ferhat Caliskan, Yavuz Idug, Hasan Uvet, Nichole Gligor, Alper Kayaalp
Social comparison theory provides valuable insights into how individuals assess themselves by comparing various facets of their lives to others. This theory offers a framework that helps in understanding the motivations behind self‐evaluation and improvement, as well as shaping consumer behaviors. The extensive body of research related to the theory has resulted in numerous publications across various domains, hindering a comprehensive overview of the research field and constraining its progress. Our multi‐disciplinary study addresses the fragmented scholarly landscape through a hierarchical bibliometric analysis, unveiling key authors, themes, and connections, and emphasizing its current state and future potential, particularly in the marketing domain. Our research indicates that interest in social comparison theory has surged, driven by social media's impact on body image and self‐esteem. Our findings also highlight the significance of themes such as body image, envy, social media, motivation, and life satisfaction, revealing the multifaceted expansion of the theory across various fields.
社会比较理论为了解个人如何通过将自己生活的各个方面与他人进行比较来评估自己提供了宝贵的见解。这一理论提供了一个框架,有助于理解自我评价和自我改善背后的动机,以及消费者行为的形成。与该理论相关的大量研究成果在不同领域发表了大量论文,这阻碍了对该研究领域的全面了解,也制约了研究的进展。我们的多学科研究通过分级文献计量分析,揭示了关键作者、主题和联系,并强调了其现状和未来潜力,尤其是在营销领域,从而解决了学术界支离破碎的问题。我们的研究表明,在社交媒体对身体形象和自尊的影响的推动下,人们对社会比较理论的兴趣激增。我们的研究结果还强调了身体形象、嫉妒、社交媒体、动机和生活满意度等主题的重要性,揭示了该理论在各个领域的多方面扩展。
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引用次数: 0
I am not an animal: How animal metaphors backfire in product advertising 我不是动物:动物隐喻如何在产品广告中适得其反
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22100
Wen‐Hsien Huang
This study investigates the effect of animal metaphors in product advertisements. Such ads, especially those for health products, often employ metaphors depicting the ad messengers with animal characteristics to imply the negative health consequences of not using a product. Four studies are carried out using field and experimental data. The findings show that animal metaphor ads are less persuasive than nonmetaphor ads because the viewers of ads with animal‐like (as opposed to human) messengers experience stronger perceived self‐dehumanization, which in turn has a negative effect on product choice, brand attitude, product evaluation, and purchase intention. This effect occurs regardless of whether the animal metaphors are presented visually or verbally. Furthermore, the unfavorable reaction is stronger when the source domain includes a more disliked animal. However, it is also found that the animal metaphor effect diminishes when the target domain shifts from human to object. The findings shed light on how a sense of self‐dehumanization, triggered by the use of animalized model images in advertisements, can harm brands and products, offering insights into the pitfalls of using animal metaphors in health communication.
本研究调查了产品广告中动物隐喻的效果。此类广告,尤其是保健品广告,经常使用具有动物特征的隐喻来描绘广告使者,暗示不使用产品对健康的负面影响。本研究利用实地数据和实验数据进行了四项研究。研究结果表明,动物隐喻广告的说服力低于非隐喻广告,因为观众在观看具有动物特征(而非人类特征)的广告时,会产生更强烈的自我非人化感知,进而对产品选择、品牌态度、产品评价和购买意向产生负面影响。无论动物隐喻是以视觉还是口头形式呈现,都会产生这种影响。此外,当源域包括一种更不喜欢的动物时,不利反应会更强烈。然而,研究还发现,当目标领域从人类转向物体时,动物隐喻效应会减弱。研究结果揭示了在广告中使用动物化的模特形象所引发的自我非人化意识是如何损害品牌和产品的,为在健康传播中使用动物隐喻的误区提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Humanlike service robots: A systematic literature review and research agenda 仿人服务机器人:系统文献综述和研究议程
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22099
Wenzhen Zhang, Emma L. Slade, Eleonora Pantano
Humanlike robots are increasingly employed to provide frontline services. They are frequently designed with stereotypically feminine or masculine humanlike features which affect or bias consumer behavior in service encounters. This systematic review of 118 peer‐reviewed journal papers aims to comprehensively capture the current status of the field and identify important research gaps requiring further investigation. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses protocol, a comprehensive framework is developed to conceptualize the process of customer interactions with humanlike service robots, depicting how humanlike service robots influence consumer behavior. Specifically, we identify interaction antecedents, consumer processing factors, outcomes of the interactions, and strengthening/attenuating factors. Based on the framework, the review concludes by identifying issues that future research should seek to solve to contribute to the field. This paper provides a deep understanding of service robot anthropomorphism in marketing and consumer research and proposes a future research agenda to advance knowledge of the field.
越来越多的仿人机器人被用于提供一线服务。这些机器人在设计上经常带有女性或男性的人类刻板印象,从而影响或影响消费者在服务过程中的行为。本系统性综述收录了 118 篇经同行评审的期刊论文,旨在全面了解该领域的现状,并找出需要进一步调查的重要研究缺口。根据《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)协议,我们建立了一个综合框架,将顾客与类人服务机器人的互动过程概念化,描述类人服务机器人如何影响消费者行为。具体来说,我们确定了互动前因、消费者处理因素、互动结果以及强化/减轻因素。在此框架的基础上,综述最后指出了未来研究应努力解决的问题,以便为该领域做出贡献。本文对市场营销和消费者研究中的服务机器人拟人化有了深入的了解,并提出了未来的研究议程,以促进该领域知识的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Simpler is greener: The impact of packaging visual complexity on products' eco‐friendliness perception 越简单越环保:包装视觉复杂性对产品环保认知的影响
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22096
Xiaoxuan Wang, Jiaqi Chen, Chenya Ma, Yushi Jiang
Consumers increasingly value eco‐friendly attributes of products. Packaging serves as a medium through which consumers perceive product attributes and products convey information. However, research on the impact of packaging visual complexity on a product's perceived eco‐friendliness has not been thoroughly examined. Four studies were conducted based on visual complexity metaphor theory to examine the impact of packaging visual complexity on the eco‐friendliness perception of products. The study also investigated the mediating role of naturalness and durability perception as well as the moderating effect of external environmental threats. The results indicate that the visual complexity of packaging directly or indirectly (through perceptions of naturalness and durability) affects the eco‐friendliness perception of products. Furthermore, under high environmental threats, consumers exhibit a stronger eco‐friendly perception and purchase intention towards products with simple packaging. Eco‐friendliness perception mediates the relationship between packaging visual complexity and purchase intentions. This study contributes to the literature on visual complexity metaphors and eco‐friendly packaging and complements our knowledge of how visual packaging characteristics influence the perception of product attributes. The results provide valuable insights for marketing managers on how to use the visual complexity of packaging design to effectively convey product information.
消费者越来越重视产品的环保属性。包装是消费者感知产品属性和产品传递信息的媒介。然而,有关包装视觉复杂性对产品环保感知的影响的研究还不够深入。本研究以视觉复杂性隐喻理论为基础,开展了四项研究,探讨包装视觉复杂性对产品环保感知的影响。研究还调查了自然度和耐用性感知的中介作用以及外部环境威胁的调节作用。结果表明,包装的视觉复杂性直接或间接(通过对自然度和耐用性的感知)影响了产品的生态友好感知。此外,在环境威胁较高的情况下,消费者对包装简单的产品表现出更强的生态友好感和购买意向。生态友好感是包装视觉复杂性与购买意向之间关系的中介。本研究为有关视觉复杂性隐喻和生态友好包装的文献做出了贡献,并补充了我们对视觉包装特征如何影响产品属性感知的认识。研究结果为营销经理如何利用包装设计的视觉复杂性有效传达产品信息提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Bayesian inference and consumer behavioral theory 贝叶斯推理和消费者行为理论
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22095
Charles F. Hofacker, Huong N. L. Nguyen, Matteo Fina
With this article we hope to achieve two goals. The first is to encourage consumer behavioral researchers to consider Bayesian methods for analyzing experimental and survey data. As such, we provide what we hope will be a persuasive set of arguments for trying Bayes. The second goal is to survey the different uses to which the Bayesian posterior distribution can be put. We organize this survey in terms of loss functions and propose that such loss functions can be chosen so as to simply describe a consumer behavioral phenomenon, to highlight a managerial implication, or to emphasize a theoretical contribution.
我们希望通过本文实现两个目标。首先是鼓励消费者行为研究人员考虑采用贝叶斯方法分析实验和调查数据。因此,我们提供了一系列有说服力的论据,希望大家尝试贝叶斯方法。第二个目标是调查贝叶斯后验分布的不同用途。我们根据损失函数来组织这项调查,并提出可以选择损失函数来简单描述消费者行为现象、突出管理含义或强调理论贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The double‐edged sword of generative artificial intelligence in digitalization: An affordances and constraints perspective 生成式人工智能在数字化过程中的双刃剑:承受能力与制约因素视角
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22094
Ha Eun (Grace) Park
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has gained prominence across various industries and domains, offering capabilities to generate human‐like text, creative ideas, and solutions. This paper explores customers' responses to the use of generative AI in digitalizing content production and consumption processes. Drawing on technology affordance theory, this article examines how are the affordances of generative AI leveraged to contribute to the gradual digitalization of individuals. This netnographic study is based on over 9 months naturalistic observations of the AI Community online, culminating in 1572 pages of data. The findings identify different types of affordances that foster digitalization: automated content creation, automated data analysis, and AI‐generated content dissemination. This study also identifies the constraints of generative AI and discusses potential interventions to address these constraints and prevent unintended consequences. This research provides insights for scholars, professionals, and educators to better understand the dynamics of leveraging generative AI.
生成式人工智能(AI)已在各行各业和各个领域占据重要地位,它能够生成类似人类的文本、创意想法和解决方案。本文探讨了客户对在数字化内容生产和消费过程中使用生成式人工智能的反应。本文借鉴技术承受力理论,探讨了如何利用人工智能的承受力来促进个人的逐步数字化。这项网络地理研究基于对人工智能社区超过9个月的在线自然观察,最终获得了1572页数据。研究结果确定了促进数字化的不同能力类型:自动内容创建、自动数据分析和人工智能生成的内容传播。本研究还确定了生成式人工智能的限制因素,并讨论了解决这些限制因素和防止意外后果的潜在干预措施。这项研究为学者、专业人士和教育工作者更好地了解利用生成式人工智能的动态提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Social comparison theory: A review and future directions 社会比较理论:回顾与未来方向
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22087
Ferhat Caliskan, Yavuz Idug, Hasan Uvet, Nichole Gligor, Alper Kayaalp
Social comparison theory provides valuable insights into how individuals assess themselves by comparing various facets of their lives to others. This theory offers a framework that helps in understanding the motivations behind self‐evaluation and improvement, as well as shaping consumer behaviors. The extensive body of research related to the theory has resulted in numerous publications across various domains, hindering a comprehensive overview of the research field and constraining its progress. Our multi‐disciplinary study addresses the fragmented scholarly landscape through a hierarchical bibliometric analysis, unveiling key authors, themes, and connections, and emphasizing its current state and future potential, particularly in the marketing domain. Our research indicates that interest in social comparison theory has surged, driven by social media's impact on body image and self‐esteem. Our findings also highlight the significance of themes such as body image, envy, social media, motivation, and life satisfaction, revealing the multifaceted expansion of the theory across various fields.
社会比较理论为了解个人如何通过将自己生活的各个方面与他人进行比较来评估自己提供了宝贵的见解。这一理论提供了一个框架,有助于理解自我评价和自我改善背后的动机,以及消费者行为的形成。与该理论相关的大量研究成果在不同领域发表了大量论文,这阻碍了对该研究领域的全面了解,也制约了研究的进展。我们的多学科研究通过分级文献计量分析,揭示了关键作者、主题和联系,并强调了其现状和未来潜力,尤其是在营销领域,从而解决了学术界支离破碎的问题。我们的研究表明,在社交媒体对身体形象和自尊的影响的推动下,人们对社会比较理论的兴趣激增。我们的研究结果还强调了身体形象、嫉妒、社交媒体、动机和生活满意度等主题的重要性,揭示了该理论在各个领域的多方面扩展。
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引用次数: 0
The double‐edged sword of generative artificial intelligence in digitalization: An affordances and constraints perspective 生成式人工智能在数字化过程中的双刃剑:承受能力与制约因素视角
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22094
Ha Eun (Grace) Park
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has gained prominence across various industries and domains, offering capabilities to generate human‐like text, creative ideas, and solutions. This paper explores customers' responses to the use of generative AI in digitalizing content production and consumption processes. Drawing on technology affordance theory, this article examines how are the affordances of generative AI leveraged to contribute to the gradual digitalization of individuals. This netnographic study is based on over 9 months naturalistic observations of the AI Community online, culminating in 1572 pages of data. The findings identify different types of affordances that foster digitalization: automated content creation, automated data analysis, and AI‐generated content dissemination. This study also identifies the constraints of generative AI and discusses potential interventions to address these constraints and prevent unintended consequences. This research provides insights for scholars, professionals, and educators to better understand the dynamics of leveraging generative AI.
生成式人工智能(AI)已在各行各业和各个领域占据重要地位,它能够生成类似人类的文本、创意想法和解决方案。本文探讨了客户对在数字化内容生产和消费过程中使用生成式人工智能的反应。本文借鉴技术承受力理论,探讨了如何利用人工智能的承受力来促进个人的逐步数字化。这项网络地理研究基于对人工智能社区超过9个月的在线自然观察,最终获得了1572页数据。研究结果确定了促进数字化的不同能力类型:自动内容创建、自动数据分析和人工智能生成的内容传播。本研究还确定了生成式人工智能的限制因素,并讨论了解决这些限制因素和防止意外后果的潜在干预措施。这项研究为学者、专业人士和教育工作者更好地了解利用生成式人工智能的动态提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Fifty years of deceptive marketing research: A systematic review and future research agenda 欺骗性营销研究五十年:系统回顾与未来研究议程
Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22085
Emma G. Welch, John M. Galvan
Deceptive marketing practices have continued to emerge as a persistent and difficult challenge that affects marketing exchanges and government agents alike. While thorough reviews have previously emerged to explore each of the multifaceted areas of deceptive marketing practices, the current review seeks a more holistic perspective. Utilizing an exhaustive systematic review of peer‐reviewed journal articles (n = 92), the goal of the current work is threefold: (1) review and integrate existing research, (2) identify common themes to develop a comprehensive framework for deception, and (3) map future avenues for research. To accomplish this, the literature was reviewed to identify specific eras pivotal to the 50‐year evolution of deceptive marketing, which revealed several notable observations: a continuously evolving definition, an insufficient depth of theoretical underpinnings, and a vast breadth of construct diversity. After providing a clear definition for deceptive marketing, a new framework is proposed to view the deception literature based on a thematic approach (advertising, ethics & public policy, deceptive marketing tactics, covert marketing communication) encompassed by exogenous factors (posttruth phenomena, impact proximity, social consensus, and exchange type). Future research accompanies the new robust framework in the hopes that the current research will guide future researchers in expanding the domain of deceptive marketing research cohesively.
欺骗性营销行为一直是影响营销交流和政府机构的一个长期而棘手的挑战。尽管此前已经出现了深入探讨欺骗性营销行为各个多方面领域的综述,但目前的综述寻求的是一种更加全面的视角。通过对同行评审的期刊论文(n = 92)进行详尽的系统回顾,当前工作的目标有三个方面:(1)回顾并整合现有研究,(2)确定共同主题以制定一个全面的欺骗框架,以及(3)规划未来的研究途径。为了实现这一目标,我们对文献进行了回顾,以确定欺骗性营销 50 年演变过程中的关键时期,其中发现了几个值得注意的问题:定义不断演变、理论基础深度不够以及构建多样性的广度。在给出欺骗性营销的明确定义后,我们提出了一个新的框架,以专题方法(广告、道德与公共政策、欺骗性营销策略、隐蔽营销传播)为基础,结合外生因素(后真相现象、影响接近性、社会共识和交换类型)来审视欺骗性文献。未来的研究与新的稳健框架相辅相成,希望当前的研究能够指导未来的研究人员共同拓展欺骗性营销研究的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizing sustainable consumption priming: A scoping review 可持续消费引导的概念化:范围审查
Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/mar.22083
Jianyu Hao, Kirk Plangger, Douglas West
While many psychological interventions encourage sustainable consumption by altering attitudes, these modified attitudes often do not result in sustainable choices leading to the need to test alternative interventions to facilitate sustainable consumption, such as priming. Priming uses stimuli that trigger nonconscious processing that influences decisions. Despite its popularity, studies that employ priming strategies in sustainable consumption research are widely dispersed across several conceptual domains. This article unpacks and summarizes different approaches to priming sustainable behavior by delineating theoretical and methodological perspectives in various contexts across diverse consumer characteristics. The method employed is a scoping review of 74 articles published over 23 years (2000–2022). The resulting review (1) provides an overview of priming in sustainable consumption, (2) highlights knowledge gaps, (3) identifies knowledge clusters, and (4) proposes a research agenda for future investigations. Primarily, this paper provides an integrated map that deconstructs how researchers have explored priming interventions to promote sustainable consumption and to enable the best, or at least, better practice.
虽然许多心理干预措施都是通过改变态度来鼓励可持续消费,但这些态度的改变往往不会带来可持续的选择,因此有必要测试促进可持续消费的其他干预措施,如引物法。引导法利用刺激触发非意识处理,从而影响决策。尽管这种方法很受欢迎,但在可持续消费研究中采用引导策略的研究广泛分布于多个概念领域。本文从理论和方法论的角度,对不同背景下消费者的不同特征进行了划分,从而解读并总结了可持续行为引导的不同方法。采用的方法是对 23 年间(2000-2022 年)发表的 74 篇文章进行范围界定。综述结果(1)概述了可持续消费中的诱导行为,(2)强调了知识差距,(3)确定了知识集群,(4)提出了未来调查的研究议程。主要而言,本文提供了一份综合地图,解构了研究人员如何探索启动干预措施,以促进可持续消费,并实现最佳或至少更好的实践。
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引用次数: 0
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Psychology & Marketing
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