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2013 13th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO 2013)最新文献

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Design of quantum well thermoelectric energy harvester by CMOS process 基于CMOS工艺的量子阱热电能量采集器设计
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720796
S. M. Yang, G. Sheu
This work aims at improving the energy harvester performance by using low-dimensional thermoelectric materials. A micro-thermoelectric generator with quantum well thermocouples is developed by state-of-the-art CMOS (Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) process. A relaxation-time model is applied to analyze the characteristic length of silicon germanium quantum well, and a thermal model is also applied to calculate the thermocouple size for optimal performance by matching the thermal/electrical resistance. Analysis based on TSMC 0.35μm 3P3M (3-poly and 3-metal layers) BiCMOS process shows that the quantum well thermocouples (0.05 μm Si0.9Ge0.1 quantum well on 0.300 μm P-thermoleg and 0.280 μm N-thermoleg) has the best performance. that the power factor and voltage factor is 0.241 μW/cm2K2 and 10.442 V/cm2K.
这项工作旨在通过使用低维热电材料来提高能量采集器的性能。采用最先进的CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)工艺,研制了具有量子阱热电偶的微型热电发生器。采用弛豫时间模型分析了硅锗量子阱的特征长度,并采用热模型计算了热电偶尺寸,通过匹配热电阻/电阻来获得最佳性能。基于TSMC 0.35μm 3P3M (3-poly和3-metal layers) BiCMOS工艺的分析表明,量子阱热电偶(0.300 μm P-thermoleg和0.280 μm N-thermoleg上的0.05 μm Si0.9Ge0.1量子阱)性能最佳。功率因数和电压因数分别为0.241 μW/cm2K2和10.442 V/cm2K。
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引用次数: 0
ESD protection design for radio-frequency integrated circuits in nanoscale CMOS technology 基于纳米级CMOS技术的射频集成电路ESD防护设计
Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720810
Chun-Yu Lin, Li-Wei Chu, Shiang-Yu Tsai, M. Ker, Ming-Hsiang Song, C. Jou, T. Lu, J. Tseng, M. Tsai, T. Hsu, P. Hung, Y. Wei, T. Chang
Nanoscale CMOS technologies have been used to implement the radio-frequency integrated circuits. However, the thinner gate oxide in nanoscale CMOS technology seriously degrades the electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness of IC products. Therefore, on-chip ESD protection designs must be added at all input/output pads in CMOS chip. To minimize the impacts from ESD protection on circuit performances, ESD protection at input/output pads must be carefully designed. In this work, a new proposed ESD protection design has been realized in a nanoscale CMOS process. Experimental results of the test circuits have been successfully verified, including RF performances, I-V characteristics, and ESD robustness.
纳米级CMOS技术已被用于实现射频集成电路。然而,纳米级CMOS技术中较薄的栅极氧化物严重降低了集成电路产品的静电放电(ESD)稳健性。因此,必须在CMOS芯片的所有输入/输出垫片上添加片内ESD保护设计。为了尽量减少ESD保护对电路性能的影响,必须仔细设计输入/输出端的ESD保护。在这项工作中,提出了一种在纳米级CMOS工艺中实现的新的ESD保护设计。测试电路的实验结果得到了成功的验证,包括射频性能、I-V特性和ESD稳健性。
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引用次数: 0
A bottom-up engineered broadband optical nanoabsorber for radiometry and energy and harnessing applications 一种自下而上的工程宽带光学纳米吸收剂,用于辐射测量和能量利用应用
Pub Date : 2013-08-05 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720897
A. Kaul, J. Coles, K. Megerian, M. Eastwood, R. Green, P. Bandaru
Optical absorbers based on vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), synthesized using electric-field assisted growth, are described here that show an ultra-low reflectance, 100X lower compared to Au-black from wavelength λ ~ 350 nm - 2.5 μm. A bi-metallic Co/Ti layer was shown to catalyze a high site density of MWCNTs on metallic substrates and the optical properties of the absorbers were engineered by controlling the bottom-up synthesis conditions using dc plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Reflectance measurements on the MWCNT absorbers after heating them in air to 400°C showed negligible changes in reflectance which was still low, ~0.022 % at λ ~ μm. In contrast, the percolated structure of the reference Aublack samples collapsed completely after heating, causing the optical response to degrade at temperatures as low as 200°C. The high optical absorption efficiency of the MWCNT absorbers, synthesized on metallic substrates, over a broad spectral range, coupled with their thermal ruggedness, suggests they have promise in solar energy harnessing applications, as well as thermal detectors for radiometry.
本文描述了利用电场辅助生长方法合成的基于垂直排列的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)的光学吸收剂,在λ ~ 350 nm - 2.5 μm波长上具有比金黑低100倍的超低反射率。采用直流等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)技术,通过控制自下而上的合成条件,研究了Co/Ti双金属层在金属基底上催化MWCNTs的高位点密度,并设计了吸收剂的光学性能。在空气中加热至400°C后,对MWCNT吸收体的反射率进行了测量,结果表明,在λ ~ μm处,反射率的变化仍然很低,约为0.022%。相比之下,参考Aublack样品的渗透结构在加热后完全崩溃,导致光学响应在低至200°C的温度下下降。在金属衬底上合成的MWCNT吸收器具有高光吸收效率,光谱范围广,再加上它们的热耐用性,表明它们在太阳能利用应用以及辐射测量的热探测器方面具有前景。
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引用次数: 1
Optical manipulation of biological cell without measurement of cell velocity 不测量细胞速度的生物细胞光学操作
Pub Date : 2013-08-05 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720886
C. Cheah, X. Li, X. Yan, D. Sun
Optical tweezer is a useful tool for non-contact micromanipulation tasks because it can manipulate biological cells precisely without causing damage to the cells. In many optical manipulation techniques, the measurement of the velocity of the cell is necessary. Since it is difficult to measure the velocity of the cell, the velocity information is usually obtained by differentiating the position of the cell in image space, which may result in degraded performance of the control system due to estimation error and the noises induced in differentiation. In this paper, an adaptive observer technique is proposed for optical manipulation of cell with a low Reynolds' number, without measurement of the velocity of the cell. By using the proposed observer technique, a desired position input of the laser beam without measurement of the velocity of the cell is also developed. The stability of closed-loop system is analyzed by using Lyapunov-like method. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed control method.
光镊是一种非常有用的非接触式微操作工具,因为它可以精确地操纵生物细胞而不会对细胞造成损伤。在许多光学操作技术中,测量细胞的速度是必要的。由于单元格的速度难以测量,通常通过对单元格在图像空间中的位置进行微分来获得速度信息,这可能会由于估计误差和微分过程中产生的噪声而导致控制系统性能下降。本文提出了一种自适应观测器技术,用于低雷诺数细胞的光学操纵,而不需要测量细胞的速度。利用所提出的观测器技术,在不测量细胞速度的情况下,还开发了一个期望的激光束位置输入。用类李雅普诺夫方法分析了闭环系统的稳定性。实验结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
An improved method for measuring boundary slip on hydrophobic surface with atomic force microscope 用原子力显微镜测量疏水表面边界滑移的改进方法
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6721049
Y. Pan, D. Li, X. Zhao
For the various nano-fluidic based biomedical applications, the study of the drag of fluid flow is of interest. Among which, the study of boundary slip is one of the most important and popular issues. Hydrophobic surfaces, which are believed to have a slip length, play an important role in the fluidic applications. There are various methods to measure slip length on hydrophobic surface. This paper induces an improved method based on atomic force microscope (AFM) in contact mode.
对于各种基于纳米流体的生物医学应用,流体流动阻力的研究是人们感兴趣的。其中,边界滑移的研究是最重要和最热门的问题之一。疏水表面具有一定的滑移长度,在流体应用中起着重要的作用。疏水表面的滑移长度测量方法多种多样。本文介绍一种基于原子力显微镜(AFM)在接触模式下的改进方法。
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引用次数: 1
Spoofed surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) gap structure for high sensitivity bio-sensing in THz 欺骗表面等离子激元(SSPP)隙结构用于太赫兹高灵敏度生物传感
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720829
Zhao Xu, Kyungjun Song, P. Mazumder
We demonstrate enhanced sensitivity to refractive index (n) change in THz sensing by using the spoofed surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) architecture modified with gap blocks. The transmission peak as a function of n is significantly sharpened through the introduction of the additional cavity resonance, and such phenomenon is strongly dependent on the geometric dimensions of the block structure as well as the choice of probe frequencies. Non-invasive THz bio-sensing is a promising alternative to conventional tagging-based sensing schemes. In response to the growing demand for lower detection limit, our SSPP gap structure can effectively reduce the sample usage by enabling localized sample deposition within the gap cavity. The differentiation of DNA molecules with distinct binding states is demonstrated, where the conformational change of a thin layer (1μm) of immobilized DNA can lead to significant switching of the waveguide transmittance.
我们证明了通过使用间隙块修饰的欺骗表面等离子激元(SSPP)结构增强了对太赫兹传感中折射率(n)变化的灵敏度。通过引入额外的腔谐振,透射峰作为n的函数显着锐化,这种现象强烈依赖于块结构的几何尺寸以及探头频率的选择。非侵入性太赫兹生物传感是传统的基于标记的传感方案的一种有前途的替代方案。为了满足日益增长的低检测限需求,我们的SSPP间隙结构可以通过在间隙腔内局部沉积样品来有效减少样品的使用。具有不同结合状态的DNA分子的分化被证明,其中固定DNA的薄层(1μm)的构象变化可以导致波导透射率的显着切换。
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引用次数: 1
Direct measurement of graphene contact resistivity to pre-deposited metal in buried contact test structure 埋置接触测试结构中石墨烯对预沉积金属接触电阻率的直接测量
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720966
R. Qaisi, C. Smith, M. Ghoneim, Q. Yu, M. Hussain
We demonstrate a buried contact based novel test structure for direct contact resistivity measurement of graphene-metal interfaces. We also observe excellent contact resistivity ~1 μO-cm2 without any additional surface modification suggesting that the intrinsic Au-graphene contact is sufficient for achieving devices with low contact resistance. The chemical mechanical polishing less test structure and data described herein highlights an ideal methodology for systematic screening and engineering of graphene-metal contact resistivity to enable low power high speed carbon electronics.
我们展示了一种基于埋藏接触的新型测试结构,用于石墨烯-金属界面的直接接触电阻率测量。我们还观察到良好的接触电阻率~1 μO-cm2,而没有任何额外的表面修饰,这表明本构金石墨烯接触足以实现低接触电阻的器件。本文描述的化学机械抛光测试结构和数据强调了石墨烯-金属接触电阻率系统筛选和工程的理想方法,以实现低功率高速碳电子器件。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the optimal distribution of redundancy effort in cross-layer reliable architectures 跨层可靠体系结构中冗余力的最优分配研究
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720848
N. Aymerich, A. Rubio
This paper presents a comprehensive approach to the smart application of redundancy techniques in multiple-layer hierarchical systems. Computing systems today are rapidly evolving into increasingly complex structures with an ever-increasing number of components. Moreover, future technology generations are expected to have associated lower levels of quality. For these reasons, it is emerging nowadays a renewed interest in the development of reliable architectures. In this work we delve into this topic putting special emphasis on the system hardware hierarchy. We analyze the advantages in terms of reliability of distributing redundancy effort in cross-layer systems. We base our analysis on a general fault model that takes into account both devices and interconnections. Using the Rent's Law we relate the number of devices and interconnections for different configurations of redundancy and compare the global error probability. Our results provide meaningful information about the benefits that can be achieved by properly choosing the system layer at which to apply redundancy, and if applicable, the optimal distribution of redundancy effort through the system layers.
本文提出了一种在多层分层系统中智能应用冗余技术的综合方法。当今的计算系统正迅速演变为具有不断增加的组件数量的日益复杂的结构。此外,预计未来几代技术将具有较低的质量水平。由于这些原因,现在人们对开发可靠的体系结构重新产生了兴趣。在这项工作中,我们深入研究了这个主题,特别强调了系统硬件层次结构。从可靠性的角度分析了分布式冗余在跨层系统中的优势。我们的分析基于一个通用的故障模型,该模型同时考虑了设备和互连。利用Rent’s Law将不同冗余配置下的设备和互连数量联系起来,并比较全局错误概率。我们的结果提供了有意义的信息,说明通过正确选择应用冗余的系统层,以及在适当的情况下,通过系统层实现冗余工作的最佳分布,可以获得哪些好处。
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引用次数: 0
Energy reversible switching from amorphous metal based nanoelectromechanical switch 基于非晶金属的纳米机电开关的能量可逆开关
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720965
A. Mayet, Casey Smith, M. Hussain
We report observation of energy reversible switching from amorphous metal based nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switch. For ultra-low power electronics, NEM switches can be used as a complementary switching element in many nanoelectronic system applications. Its inherent zero power consumption because of mechanical detachment is an attractive feature. However, its operating voltage needs to be in the realm of 1 volt or lower. Appropriate design and lower Young's modulus can contribute achieving lower operating voltage. Therefore, we have developed amorphous metal with low Young's modulus and in this paper reporting the energy reversible switching from a laterally actuated double electrode NEM switch.
我们报道了从非晶金属基纳米机电(NEM)开关中观察到的能量可逆开关。对于超低功耗电子器件,NEM开关可以在许多纳米电子系统应用中用作互补开关元件。由于机械分离,其固有的零功耗是一个吸引人的特点。然而,它的工作电压需要在1伏或更低的范围内。适当的设计和较低的杨氏模量有助于实现较低的工作电压。因此,我们开发了具有低杨氏模量的非晶金属,并在本文中报道了从横向驱动的双电极NEM开关的能量可逆开关。
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引用次数: 7
Dissipative particle dynamics simulation of a polymer chain behavior fixed in a nanochannel flow 纳米通道流动中聚合物链行为的耗散粒子动力学模拟
Pub Date : 2013-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2013.6720978
M. Darbandi, S. Jafari, R. Zakeri
We use the Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) method to simulate the variation in the configuration of a polymer chain, whose two ends are fixed in a nanochannel, subject to bulk motion of fluid particles. We aim to find suitable relations between the polymer chain curvature and the mean flow velocity magnitudes. In this regard, we introduce some important parameters, which can effectively affect the polymer chain curvature and we examine their magnitudes on the amount of polymer chain deflection. In fact, our main objective is to quantify the relation between some major flow parameters, possibly with different polymer chain properties. For example, we show that different flow velocity magnitudes affect the polymer chain curvature differently. The results of this research open some new perspectives toward designing suitable flow sensors to measure flow characteristics in nanochannel flow applications.
我们使用耗散粒子动力学(DPD)方法来模拟聚合物链的构型变化,其两端固定在纳米通道中,受到流体颗粒的大块运动的影响。我们的目的是找出聚合物链曲率与平均流速大小之间的合适关系。在这方面,我们引入了一些能有效影响聚合物链曲率的重要参数,并考察了它们的大小对聚合物链挠度的影响。事实上,我们的主要目标是量化一些主要流动参数之间的关系,可能与不同的聚合物链性质有关。例如,我们证明了不同流速对聚合物链曲率的影响是不同的。本研究结果为设计合适的流量传感器来测量纳米通道流动特性开辟了新的思路。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2013 13th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO 2013)
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