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Opportunities and challenges of targeting cGAS-STING in cancer. 靶向cGAS-STING治疗癌症的机遇与挑战。
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00894-9
Changzheng Lu,Wenyan Wang,Yang-Xin Fu
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has a crucial role in detecting tumour-derived DNA, whether the pathway is generated spontaneously or induced therapeutically. Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway triggers type I interferon signalling and pro-inflammatory responses in both tumour and immune cells, establishing a delicate balance between pathological inflammation and protective immune responses. Although preclinical studies have highlighted the promise of targeting the cGAS-STING pathway to enhance antitumour immunotherapy, clinical results have fallen short of expectations. In this Review, we outline key advances in understanding the tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressive effects mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway and discuss opportunities and challenges for its integration into future cancer immunotherapy.
环鸟苷单磷酸-腺苷单磷酸合成酶(cGAS)-干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)通路在检测肿瘤来源的DNA中起着至关重要的作用,无论该通路是自发产生的还是治疗诱导的。cGAS-STING通路的激活触发肿瘤和免疫细胞中的I型干扰素信号传导和促炎反应,在病理性炎症和保护性免疫反应之间建立微妙的平衡。尽管临床前研究强调了靶向cGAS-STING途径增强抗肿瘤免疫治疗的希望,但临床结果却没有达到预期。在这篇综述中,我们概述了理解cGAS-STING通路介导的肿瘤促进和肿瘤抑制作用的关键进展,并讨论了将其整合到未来癌症免疫治疗中的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Convergence of machine learning and genomics for precision oncology. 机器学习和基因组学在精准肿瘤学中的融合。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00897-6
Brendan Reardon, Aedin C Culhane, Eliezer M Van Allen

The number of data points per patient considered at the point-of-care in precision cancer medicine continues to increase, and it is accompanied by a growing challenge of translating these observations into clinical insights. This is a time-intensive and laborious process for oncology professionals and molecular tumour boards. As large clinicogenomic datasets and data-sharing protocols mature alongside machine learning methods, molecular diagnostic workflows have an opportunity to integrate these tools. This integration can help extract more information from next-generation sequencing data, enhance cancer variant interpretation, streamline case review and generate therapeutic hypotheses for biomarker-negative patients at the point-of-care. Although machine learning holds promise for precision oncology, responsible implementation and model evaluation remain essential for clinical adoption.

在精准癌症医学中,每个患者在护理点考虑的数据点数量不断增加,同时伴随着将这些观察结果转化为临床见解的挑战越来越大。对于肿瘤学专业人员和分子肿瘤委员会来说,这是一个费时费力的过程。随着大型临床基因组学数据集和数据共享协议与机器学习方法的成熟,分子诊断工作流程有机会整合这些工具。这种整合可以帮助从下一代测序数据中提取更多信息,增强癌症变异解释,简化病例回顾,并在护理点为生物标志物阴性患者产生治疗假设。尽管机器学习为精准肿瘤学带来了希望,但负责任的实施和模型评估对于临床应用仍然至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Double trouble for the tumour glycocode 肿瘤糖密码的双重麻烦。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00902-y
Gabrielle Brewer
By incorporating lectins that target specific tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens, Zhou et al. engineered bispecific antibodies that induce effective T cell activation and tumour regression in various cancers.
Zhou等人通过结合针对特定肿瘤相关碳水化合物抗原的凝集素,设计了双特异性抗体,在各种癌症中诱导有效的T细胞激活和肿瘤消退。
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引用次数: 0
Being in the zone 进入状态。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00899-4
Daniela Senft
A study published in Science shows that liver zonation shapes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In mice, HCC predominantly originates from zone 3 hepatocytes, where GSTM2 and GSTM3 drive initiation by inhibiting ferroptosis, revealing metabolic vulnerabilities in liver cancer.
发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究表明,肝脏分区影响肝细胞癌(HCC)的发展。在小鼠中,HCC主要起源于3区肝细胞,其中GSTM2和GSTM3通过抑制铁凋亡驱动起始,揭示了肝癌的代谢脆弱性。
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引用次数: 0
Targeting phagocytosis checkpoints for cancer immunotherapy. 靶向吞噬检查点的癌症免疫治疗。
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00893-w
André Veillette,Jiaxin Li,Cristian Camilo Galindo,Dominique Davidson,Zhenghai Tang
The ability of macrophages to eliminate cancer cells through phagocytosis is tightly controlled by pro-phagocytic and inhibitory phagocytic receptors. Pro-phagocytic receptors such as Fc receptors, macrophage-1 antigen (MAC-1; also known as CD11b/CD18) and signalling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7 (SLAMF7) have been shown to facilitate tumour cell elimination in pre-clinical models, and Fc receptors have been determined critical for the anti-tumour efficacy of several monoclonal antibodies in the clinic. Pre-clinical and early clinical studies have also highlighted that blocking of inhibitory phagocytic checkpoints, most prominently signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) and its ligand CD47, is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer. However, concerns about limited efficacy and toxicities in recent clinical trials have led to diminished enthusiasm for this approach. In this Review, we examine the evidence supporting phagocytic checkpoints as targets for cancer therapy, while highlighting current challenges associated with this therapeutic strategy. We also offer recommendations for enhancing the efficacy and safety of this approach in future work.
巨噬细胞通过吞噬作用消灭癌细胞的能力受到吞噬前受体和抑制吞噬受体的严格控制。在临床前模型中,前吞噬受体如Fc受体、巨噬细胞-1抗原(MAC-1,也称为CD11b/CD18)和信号淋巴细胞激活分子家族成员7 (SLAMF7)已被证明可以促进肿瘤细胞的消除,并且Fc受体已被确定为临床中几种单克隆抗体抗肿瘤功效的关键。临床前和早期临床研究也强调,阻断抑制性吞噬检查点,最突出的是信号调节蛋白α (SIRPα)及其配体CD47,是一种很有前途的癌症治疗方法。然而,在最近的临床试验中,对有限的疗效和毒性的担忧导致对这种方法的热情降低。在这篇综述中,我们研究了支持吞噬检查点作为癌症治疗靶点的证据,同时强调了目前与这种治疗策略相关的挑战。我们还提出了在今后的工作中提高该方法的有效性和安全性的建议。
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引用次数: 0
A new framework for engaging patients and the public in basic cancer research. 一个让病人和公众参与基础癌症研究的新框架。
IF 78.5 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00898-5
Shreya Gandhi,Shadi Ahmadian,Peter Buckle,David A Largaespada,Kenneth Aldape,Sheila Mansouri,Gelareh Zadeh
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引用次数: 0
N6-Methyladenosine: an RNA modification as a central regulator of cancer n6 -甲基腺苷:作为癌症中枢调节因子的RNA修饰。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00889-6
Hanzhi Luo, Michael G. Kharas, Samie R. Jaffrey
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is a modified nucleotide in mRNAs and non-coding RNAs that influences gene expression, primarily by promoting the degradation of specific transcripts. Recent studies have highlighted the dynamic and context-dependent roles of this RNA modification in cancer, implicating it in tumorigenesis, immune evasion and therapeutic resistance. In this Review, we discuss the functional roles of m6A writers, erasers and readers in cancer. We highlight how m6A dysregulation contributes to oncogenic processes, including cell differentiation and immune microenvironment remodelling. Using haematological malignancies as an example, we highlight the principles of m6A-dependent regulation that may be broadly relevant across cancer types. Notably, inhibitors targeting the m6A writer methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) have emerged as potential cancer therapeutics. METTL3 inhibitors not only disrupt m6A-dependent pathways but also elevate double-stranded RNA levels, activating innate immune responses and antitumour immunity. We emphasize the need for high-resolution quantitative m6A mapping in cancer and mechanistic studies to better understand the specific transcripts that exhibit altered patterns of m6A in cancer and to identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit from METTL3 inhibitors. In this Review Luo, Kharas and Jaffrey outline how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification affects RNA stability, translation, splicing and immune responses to influence cancer biology. They discuss emerging evidence on how m6A may influence cancer metabolic reprogramming and outline the challenges and opportunities of targeting m6A writers, erasers and readers for cancer therapy.
n6 -甲基腺苷(m6A)是mrna和非编码rna中的修饰核苷酸,主要通过促进特定转录物的降解来影响基因表达。最近的研究强调了这种RNA修饰在癌症中的动态和环境依赖性作用,暗示它与肿瘤发生、免疫逃避和治疗耐药性有关。本文就m6A书写体、擦除体和读取体在肿瘤中的功能作用进行综述。我们强调m6A失调如何促进致癌过程,包括细胞分化和免疫微环境重塑。以血液病恶性肿瘤为例,我们强调了m6a依赖性调节的原则,这可能与各种癌症类型广泛相关。值得注意的是,靶向m6A书写者甲基转移酶样3 (METTL3)的抑制剂已成为潜在的癌症治疗药物。METTL3抑制剂不仅破坏m6a依赖通路,而且提高双链RNA水平,激活先天免疫反应和抗肿瘤免疫。我们强调需要在癌症和机制研究中进行高分辨率的m6A定量定位,以更好地了解在癌症中表现出m6A改变模式的特定转录本,并确定最有可能从METTL3抑制剂中获益的患者亚组。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of concomitant medications on treatment outcomes in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors 联合用药对接受免疫检查点抑制剂的癌症患者治疗结果的影响。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00890-z
Samantha Stone, Jordan P. McPherson, Rajan P. Kulkarni, Arabella Young
During anticancer therapy, patients with cancer are often prescribed medications to combat concomitant health conditions and ameliorate cancer-associated side effects. Despite emerging evidence that many commonly prescribed medications have immunomodulating properties, surprisingly little is known about their interactions with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of cancer. This Review provides an overview of recent advances characterizing the reported impact of concomitant drug use on ICI-mediated therapeutic response and associated immune-related adverse events, and the potential to repurpose immunomodulatory drugs for other comorbidities to enhance ICI treatment efficacy. Concomitant medications are emerging as a modifiable prognostic factor for immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment outcomes. This Review by Stone et al. highlights the potential immunomodulatory interactions of commonly prescribed medications and supplements, and proposes strategies to make better use of this information to guide clinical care.
在抗癌治疗期间,癌症患者通常会服用药物来对抗伴随的健康状况并改善癌症相关的副作用。尽管越来越多的证据表明,许多常用处方药具有免疫调节特性,但令人惊讶的是,人们对它们与免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)在治疗癌症中的相互作用知之甚少。本综述概述了最近的研究进展,主要描述了合用药物对ICI介导的治疗反应和相关免疫相关不良事件的影响,以及将免疫调节药物用于其他合并症以提高ICI治疗效果的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
A guide to transcriptomic deconvolution in cancer 癌症转录组反褶积指南。
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00886-9
Yaoyi Dai, Shuai Guo, Yidan Pan, Carla Castignani, Matthew D. Montierth, Peter Van Loo, Wenyi Wang
Cancer tissues are heterogeneous mixtures of tumour, stromal and immune cells, where each component comprises multiple distinct cell types and/or states. Mapping this heterogeneity and understanding the unique contributions of each cell type to the tumour transcriptome is crucial for advancing cancer biology, yet high-throughput expression profiles from tumour tissues only represent combined signals from all cellular sources. Computational deconvolution of these mixed signals has emerged as a powerful approach to dissect both cellular composition and cell-type-specific expression patterns. Here, we provide a comprehensive guide to transcriptomic deconvolution, specifically tailored for cancer researchers, presenting a systematic framework for selecting and applying deconvolution methods, considering the unique complexities of tumour tissues, data availability and method assumptions. We detail 43 deconvolution methods and outline how different approaches serve distinctive applications in cancer research: from understanding tumour-immune surveillance to identifying cancer subtypes, discovering prognostic biomarkers and characterizing spatial tumour architecture. By examining the capabilities and limitations of these methods, we highlight emerging trends and future directions, particularly in addressing tumour cell plasticity and dynamic cell states. Tumour heterogeneity has a substantial impact on tumour progression and treatment response, yet bulk expression data obtained from clinical tumour samples obscure this complexity. Computational deconvolution methods can resolve cell-type-specific signals. This Review offers a practical guide for cancer researchers to select deconvolution methods and maximize the utility of bulk transcriptomic data.
癌组织是肿瘤细胞、间质细胞和免疫细胞的异质混合物,其中每个成分包括多种不同的细胞类型和/或状态。绘制这种异质性并了解每种细胞类型对肿瘤转录组的独特贡献对于推进癌症生物学至关重要,然而来自肿瘤组织的高通量表达谱仅代表来自所有细胞来源的组合信号。这些混合信号的计算反卷积已经成为解剖细胞组成和细胞类型特异性表达模式的有力方法。在这里,我们提供了一个全面的转录组反褶积指南,专门为癌症研究人员量身定制,提出了一个系统的框架,用于选择和应用反褶积方法,考虑到肿瘤组织的独特复杂性,数据可用性和方法假设。我们详细介绍了43种反卷积方法,并概述了不同方法在癌症研究中的独特应用:从理解肿瘤免疫监测到识别癌症亚型,发现预后生物标志物和表征肿瘤空间结构。通过检查这些方法的能力和局限性,我们强调了新兴趋势和未来的方向,特别是在解决肿瘤细胞可塑性和动态细胞状态方面。
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引用次数: 0
ER stress sparks nerve pain 内质网压力会引发神经疼痛
IF 66.8 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00896-7
Gabrielle Brewer
A common side effect of treatment with taxane-based chemotherapy is peripheral neuropathy. Now, Fonseca et al. uncover the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in leukocytes as the effective mediator of paclitaxel-induced peripheral nerve damage.
紫杉烷类化疗的一个常见副作用是周围神经病变。现在,Fonseca等人发现白细胞内质网(ER)应激反应是紫杉醇诱导的周围神经损伤的有效介质。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nature Reviews Cancer
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