76 Introduction Dental implants pass through the oral mucosa and bone, and protrude into the external environment of the oral cavity. In the case of natural teeth, junctional epithelium is adhered to the enamel via hemidesmosomes, and the periodontal inner tissue is protected from environmental insults. The dental implants that are currently used are problematic in that they do not adhere to the oral mucosa at the point of abutment, unlike natural teeth [1, 2]. Thus, there is an inherent risk that contaminants may pass through the interface between the implant and the mucosa and cause inflammation leading to bone resorption [3]. Therefore, it is important to develop a material that promotes contact with the tissue. For this purpose, animal experiments are usually necessary. However, animal experiments entail problems, such as ethical issues and species differences. It would be much easier if adhesion experiments could be done in vitro instead of in vivo. 3D tissue models cultured in vitro could be one of the candidates for this type of procedure. Tissue adhesion to the dental implant requires oral mucosal epithelium. However, an oral mucosal model has not been well established as yet. In this study, 3D tissue models derived from epidermal keratinocyte progenitor cells were used. Epithelium of the skin and oral mucosa were derived from the same ectoderm, and the nature of cutaneous epithelium was similar to that of oral epithelium. Adhesion Evaluation of Adhesion between Material and Epithelium using a Three-dimensional Human Epidermal Model
{"title":"Evaluation of Adhesion between Material and Epithelium using a Three-dimensional Human Epidermal Model","authors":"K. Furuhashi, T. Akasaka, Y. Kitagawa, F. Watari","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.76","url":null,"abstract":"76 Introduction Dental implants pass through the oral mucosa and bone, and protrude into the external environment of the oral cavity. In the case of natural teeth, junctional epithelium is adhered to the enamel via hemidesmosomes, and the periodontal inner tissue is protected from environmental insults. The dental implants that are currently used are problematic in that they do not adhere to the oral mucosa at the point of abutment, unlike natural teeth [1, 2]. Thus, there is an inherent risk that contaminants may pass through the interface between the implant and the mucosa and cause inflammation leading to bone resorption [3]. Therefore, it is important to develop a material that promotes contact with the tissue. For this purpose, animal experiments are usually necessary. However, animal experiments entail problems, such as ethical issues and species differences. It would be much easier if adhesion experiments could be done in vitro instead of in vivo. 3D tissue models cultured in vitro could be one of the candidates for this type of procedure. Tissue adhesion to the dental implant requires oral mucosal epithelium. However, an oral mucosal model has not been well established as yet. In this study, 3D tissue models derived from epidermal keratinocyte progenitor cells were used. Epithelium of the skin and oral mucosa were derived from the same ectoderm, and the nature of cutaneous epithelium was similar to that of oral epithelium. Adhesion Evaluation of Adhesion between Material and Epithelium using a Three-dimensional Human Epidermal Model","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11344/NANO.4.76","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wataru Hatakeyama, M. Taira, Hidemichi Kihara, M. Sasaki, S. Kimura, H. Kondo
{"title":"Subcutaneous Tissue Reactions Against Nano-apatite Collagen Composites","authors":"Wataru Hatakeyama, M. Taira, Hidemichi Kihara, M. Sasaki, S. Kimura, H. Kondo","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"118-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment on a Biological Toxicity Caused by Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes","authors":"Takuma Tsuji, J. Usukura","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomoya Takada, Y. Konno, K. Nakayama, P. Dunuwila, Y. Maeda, S. Abe
{"title":"Chemical Immobilization of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes onto Glass Surface in Aqueous Media","authors":"Tomoya Takada, Y. Konno, K. Nakayama, P. Dunuwila, Y. Maeda, S. Abe","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Situ Observation of Dynamic Response Behavior of Cells Exposed to Micro/nano Particles by Time Lapse Observation","authors":"Nobuki Iwadera, Y. Yawaka, F. Watari","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Protein Adsorption to Carbon Nanotubes having Different Property, and Identification of Adsorbed Proteins","authors":"M. Morikawa, Y. Kuboki, F. Watari","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"66-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Guided Bone Regeneration: Membrane Characteristics and Future Perspectives","authors":"Kanako Noritake, S. Kuroda, S. Kasugai","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"42-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11344/NANO.4.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
24 Introduction Diamond dental points are widely used for cutting and grinding in the oral cavity at dental clinic. The diamond particles used for the bars have an average diameter of about 22nm-880μ m, and are fixed to a stainless steel shaft without gaps using nickel coating [1-3]. Diamond particles detached during cutting and grinding in the mouth are aspirated using a vacuum device. However, some particles may remain in the mouth. In addition, diamond particles stirred up into the air during cutting and grinding may enter the respiratory tract through the pharynx and nasal cavity of a patient or dentist. Diamond particles have been considered to be non-biological problems because they are made of carbon. However, diamond particles, which seem to pose no problem regarding their components, are a concern in terms of biological safety when they enter the human body in the form of nano or submicron particles [4-9]. In the present study, we investigated the effects of nano or submicron diamond particles on cell proliferation and in vitro angiogenesis to examine their biological safety.
{"title":"Effects of in Vitro Angiogenesis by Nano or Submicron Diamond Particles","authors":"K. Imai, F. Watari","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.24","url":null,"abstract":"24 Introduction Diamond dental points are widely used for cutting and grinding in the oral cavity at dental clinic. The diamond particles used for the bars have an average diameter of about 22nm-880μ m, and are fixed to a stainless steel shaft without gaps using nickel coating [1-3]. Diamond particles detached during cutting and grinding in the mouth are aspirated using a vacuum device. However, some particles may remain in the mouth. In addition, diamond particles stirred up into the air during cutting and grinding may enter the respiratory tract through the pharynx and nasal cavity of a patient or dentist. Diamond particles have been considered to be non-biological problems because they are made of carbon. However, diamond particles, which seem to pose no problem regarding their components, are a concern in terms of biological safety when they enter the human body in the form of nano or submicron particles [4-9]. In the present study, we investigated the effects of nano or submicron diamond particles on cell proliferation and in vitro angiogenesis to examine their biological safety.","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergic Toxicity of Solid Particles and Released Zinc from Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Human Lung Epithelial Cells","authors":"Fei Zhuang, N. Hanagata","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.90","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"90-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63691134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenichirou Yasui, Y. Hashimoto, S. Baba, S. Hontsu, N. Matsumoto
133 Introduction Cleft lip and palate is a frequently occurring congenital malformation that is caused by genetic and environmental factors [1, 2]. Loss of alveolar bone due to the cleft can lead to problems with feeding and speech, among other difficulties; therefore, surgical closure is strongly recommended [3, 4]. Autogenous bone grafting for patients with cleft lip and palate has become a well-accepted treatment modality to restore the function and structure of the maxillary arch at the cleft site [5, 6]. However, the procedure is very invasive and the amount of collectable bone is limited. Allogeneic bone grafts may transmit diseases and can cause immune-related complications. It is therefore necessary to develop a synthetic alternative to current graft materials for bone regeneration [7]. In recent years, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) has been widely evaluated as a scaffold biomaterial because of its impressive biocompatibility, biodegradability, minimal inflammatory reaction, and excellent mechanical properties [8]. However, PLLA is known to show poor cell–material interaction because of its hydrophobic nature and lack of cell recognition signals [9]. In order to promote cell adhesion, surface modification of PLLA is often attempted [9]. Evaluation of Bone Regeneration of Apatite Coating Poly-L-lactide Scaffold in Rat Calvarial Defects
{"title":"Evaluation of Bone Regeneration of Apatite Coating Poly-L-lactide Scaffold in Rat Calvarial Defects","authors":"Kenichirou Yasui, Y. Hashimoto, S. Baba, S. Hontsu, N. Matsumoto","doi":"10.11344/NANO.4.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11344/NANO.4.133","url":null,"abstract":"133 Introduction Cleft lip and palate is a frequently occurring congenital malformation that is caused by genetic and environmental factors [1, 2]. Loss of alveolar bone due to the cleft can lead to problems with feeding and speech, among other difficulties; therefore, surgical closure is strongly recommended [3, 4]. Autogenous bone grafting for patients with cleft lip and palate has become a well-accepted treatment modality to restore the function and structure of the maxillary arch at the cleft site [5, 6]. However, the procedure is very invasive and the amount of collectable bone is limited. Allogeneic bone grafts may transmit diseases and can cause immune-related complications. It is therefore necessary to develop a synthetic alternative to current graft materials for bone regeneration [7]. In recent years, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) has been widely evaluated as a scaffold biomaterial because of its impressive biocompatibility, biodegradability, minimal inflammatory reaction, and excellent mechanical properties [8]. However, PLLA is known to show poor cell–material interaction because of its hydrophobic nature and lack of cell recognition signals [9]. In order to promote cell adhesion, surface modification of PLLA is often attempted [9]. Evaluation of Bone Regeneration of Apatite Coating Poly-L-lactide Scaffold in Rat Calvarial Defects","PeriodicalId":19070,"journal":{"name":"Nano Biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63690353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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