Neurodegenerative disease management最新文献

Background: In this pilot safety study, we hypothesized that a human bone marrow stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle (hBM-MSC EV) investigational product (IP) would be safe and exhibit potential efficacy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients.Methods: Ten ALS patients received two 10-ml intravenous infusions of the IP given 1 month apart and evaluated over 3 months.Results: There were no serious adverse events or adverse events related to the IP and 30% of subjects' ALS functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) scores did not decline.Conclusion: HBM-MSC EVs appear safe in ALS patients. This early investigation suggests a controlled study of EVs for the treatment of ALS is warranted.

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, measurable in both CSF and blood upon neuroaxonal damage. While CSF analysis was traditionally used, blood-based assays now offer a less invasive alternative. NfL levels correlate with disease severity and progression in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Clinical trials demonstrate its utility as a pharmacodynamic biomarker in MS and ALS. The FDA's approval of Tofersen for SOD1-ALS based on NfL reduction underscores its growing acceptance as surrogate marker. However, challenges remain in standardizing assays, interpreting clinical correlations, low specificity and understanding the dynamics between CSF and blood NfL levels. Addressing these issues is crucial for maximizing NfL's potential in neurodegenerative disease management.

Aim: Evidence suggests low-carbohydrate diets (LCHF) may assist in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD); however, gaps exist in the literature.Patients & methods: We conducted a small 24-week pilot study to investigate the effects of an LCHF diet on motor and nonmotor symptoms, health biomarkers, anxiety, and depression in seven people with PD. We also captured patient experiences during the process (quality of life [QoL]).Results: Participants reported improved biomarkers, enhanced cognition, mood, motor and nonmotor symptoms, and reduced pain and anxiety. Participants felt improvements enhanced their QoL.Conclusion: We conclude that an LCHF intervention is safe, feasible, and potentially effective in mitigating the symptoms of this disorder. However, more extensive randomized controlled studies are needed to create generalizable recommendations.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatment options. Neurofeedback, a technique that trains brainwaves, has shown promise in addressing cognitive impairments.

Objectives: To conduct a bibliometric analysis to explore the current research on neurofeedback as a treatment for AD.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed based on PRISMA guidelines on 142 papers. Different bibliometric parameters like the author's country, author names, keywords, journal names, and country of citations were analyzed, and a network visualization chart was generated to understand the correlation of Alzheimer-related search terms to neurofeedback.

Results: Research is concentrated in Europe and North America, with a significant gap in Asian countries. A growing body of evidence supports the potential benefits of neurofeedback for AD. A strong correlation has been found between neurofeedback and AD-related terms. Clinical trials suggest positive outcomes for neurofeedback in improving cognitive impairments and working memory.

Conclusion: Neurofeedback shows promise as a potential treatment for AD. Further research and clinical studies are needed to explore the full potential of neurofeedback for enhancing the quality of life for individuals with AD.

Aim: To assess time to improvement in Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) domains for patients treated with natalizumab versus ocrelizumab. Methods: Patients enrolled in the MS PATHS network who initiated treatment with either natalizumab or ocrelizumab rated the Neuro-QoL domains of physical function, symptoms, emotional health, cognitive function and social ability. Results: Time to clinically meaningful improvement was significantly shorter with natalizumab versus ocrelizumab for cognitive function (event time ratio [95% CI]: 0.37 [0.24-0.57]; p < 0.001), sleep disturbance (0.45 [0.28-0.72]; p = 0.001), social role participation (0.37 [0.21-0.66]; p = 0.001) and social role satisfaction (0.5 [0.31-0.8]; p = 0.004). Conclusion: Natalizumab had shorter time to clinically meaningful improvement in cognitive, sleep, and social role Neuro-QoL domains versus ocrelizumab.

Aim: Individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD), Huntington disease (HD) and Parkinson disease (PD) have impaired balance, and comparing these deficits could improve management of neurological diseases.Methods: Scores on the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) were compared across three groups, consisting of individuals with AD, HD and PD in early stages of their respective disease.Results: Individuals with PD had significantly higher scores on the BESTest than individuals with AD (95% CI [4.30, 21.37], p < 0.01) or HD (95% CI [6.53, 24.18], p < 0.001). Individuals with AD and HD were not significantly different on the overall BESTest or any of its subsections.Conclusion: AD and HD may have overlapping pathologies resulting in early and similar balance impairments in these groups.

What is this summary about?: This summary describes how researchers worked with people with multiple sclerosis (MS), neurologists and measurement experts to create an easy-to-use questionnaire to measure the physical function of people with MS. This questionnaire covers topics that are relevant and important to people with MS and their doctors.The ability to do what you want to do, when you want to do it, is one of the most important concerns for people with MS. This questionnaire could help doctors to record and manage how much MS affects people's lives.MS can bring a range of challenging symptoms such as 'brain fog', tiredness, and problems with movement and balance. Many of these symptoms can make day-to-day activities, like working, very difficult for people with MS. Doctors currently use examinations like the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the MS Functional Composite (MSFC), but these do not fully consider what is important to people living with MS. A questionnaire that specifically measures physical functioning of people with MS could help doctors and people with MS to better understand, communicate and manage the physical effects of MS. In this study, people with MS were asked to help create a questionnaire about physical function that reflects topics that are important to them.

What were the results?: The PROMIS^®nq physical function - Multiple Sclerosis 15a (the PROMIS^® PF MS questionnaire) was successfully created with the help of people with MS. People with MS thought that the PROMIS^® PF MS questionnaire covered issues important to their physical function. Scores were in line with results of other physical symptom measurement scales like the EDSS.

What do the results mean?: The PROMIS^® PF MS questionnaire could be used to meaningfully record physical function among people with MS.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) develop with the gradual advancement of neuronal damage and dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS). These disorders are mostly the outcomes of the improper sedimentation and accumulation of proteins, such as amyloid-β (Aβ), α-synuclein, and prions. Astaxanthin (AST) exists in different types of living organisms and displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. This review has concentrated on the therapeutic characteristics of AST on NDs.

Methods: Data was collected by searching Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Articles selected for this review reported results on the neuroprotective properties of AST on NDs of studies conducted during the years 2000 to 2024.

Results: AST decreases soluble Aβ levels by stimulating the Aβ degradation enzyme. It also reduces inflammation in the substantia nigra (SN) by decreasing IBA1 expression, thereby lessening microglia activity. This carotenoid reduces demyelination by increasing the survival of oligodendrocytes cells and increasing the number of their progenitor cells. AST has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties and can play a role in the treatment of many NDs.

Conclusion: There is no definitive treatment for some NDs. The use of AST and natural compounds can be an optimal method for preventing and treating NDs with few side effects.