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A study of once-a-week donepezil transdermal system's bioequivalence to oral donepezil in healthy volunteers: a plain language summary. 健康志愿者每周一次多奈哌齐透皮系统与口服多奈哌齐的生物等效性研究:通俗易懂的摘要。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0012
Rene Braeckman, Charles Oh

What is this summary about?: This is a plain language summary of an article published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. It describes an adhesive patch placed on the skin's surface, also referred to as a transdermal delivery system (or TDS), that delivers donepezil (called donepezil TDS going forward) through the skin of patients with mild, moderate, and severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type. This summary focuses on how fast and how much of the medication donepezil enters the body through the skin, and how it compares with taking a pill form of donepezil by mouth (oral donepezil). This summary also looks at how much donepezil is circulating through the body with the use of the once-a-week donepezil TDS versus the once-a-day donepezil pill. We show that the same amount of donepezil circulates through the body when donepezil TDS is used once a week as when a participant takes an oral donepezil pill once a day.

Why is this study important?: Dementia is a term used to describe a person's decreasing ability to remember, think, or make decisions necessary to successfully complete daily activities. Alzheimer's disease is a disorder that progresses slowly, with the symptoms of dementia getting worse over many years. When viewed under a microscope, the visible features of Alzheimer's disease within the brain are protein deposits called plaques between brain cells and protein strands within brain cells that appear as tangles. One of the many features that cannot be seen with the naked eye in the Alzheimer's brain is the low level of a chemical called acetylcholine that allows certain nerve cells in the brain involved with memory to communicate with one another. Donepezil, a drug that is widely used to treat dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease, increases the amount of acetylcholine in the brain. Donepezil is usually in pill form and taken by mouth. However, one problem with taking oral donepezil is that it can cause stomach or intestinal side effects like diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. These side effects may be bad enough that people stop taking their medication. In 2022, for the first time, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a donepezil TDS marketed under the name Adlarity. Donepezil TDS is for use in patients who have mild, moderate, and severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. It is applied once a week to skin on the patient's back, upper buttocks, or thigh. Donepezil TDS allows the drug donepezil to be absorbed into the body directly through the skin, which means that the drug does not go through the digestive system. This means that many stomach and intestinal side effects (the undesirable effects of the drug) can potentially be reduced.

What were the results?: In healthy volunteers, we showed that donepezil TDS allows a similar amount of the drug into the body as the oral donepezil pill. This is done using a type of examination known as

这是一篇发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》(Journal of Alzheimer's Disease)上的文章的简明摘要。它描述了一种贴在皮肤表面的粘合贴片,也称为透皮给药系统(或 TDS),可通过轻度、中度和重度阿尔茨海默型痴呆患者的皮肤给药多奈哌齐(今后称为多奈哌齐 TDS)。本摘要的重点是多奈哌齐通过皮肤进入人体的速度和剂量,以及它与口服药(口服多奈哌齐)的比较。本摘要还研究了使用每周一次的多奈哌齐 TDS 与每天一次的多奈哌齐药片相比,有多少多奈哌齐在体内循环。我们的研究表明,每周使用一次多奈哌齐 TDS 和每天口服一次多奈哌齐药片时,多奈哌齐在体内的循环量相同:痴呆症是一个术语,用来描述一个人的记忆、思考或决策能力下降,无法顺利完成日常活动。阿尔茨海默氏症是一种进展缓慢的疾病,痴呆症的症状会在多年后逐渐加重。在显微镜下观察,阿尔茨海默氏症在大脑中的明显特征是脑细胞之间出现称为斑块的蛋白质沉积,以及脑细胞内出现称为缠结的蛋白质链。在阿尔茨海默氏症患者的大脑中,有许多肉眼无法看到的特征,其中之一就是一种叫做乙酰胆碱的化学物质含量很低,而乙酰胆碱能让大脑中某些与记忆有关的神经细胞相互沟通。多奈哌齐是一种广泛用于治疗与阿尔茨海默病有关的痴呆症的药物,它能增加大脑中乙酰胆碱的含量。多奈哌齐通常为药丸状,口服。然而,口服多奈哌齐的一个问题是,它可能会引起腹泻、恶心和呕吐等胃肠道副作用。这些副作用可能会严重到人们停止服药。2022 年,美国食品和药物管理局首次批准了一种多奈哌齐 TDS,上市名称为 Adlarity。多奈哌齐 TDS 用于阿尔茨海默病引起的轻度、中度和重度痴呆患者。每周在患者背部、臀部上方或大腿皮肤上涂抹一次。多奈哌齐 TDS 允许药物多奈哌齐直接通过皮肤被人体吸收,这意味着药物不经过消化系统。结果如何?在健康的志愿者身上,我们发现多奈哌齐 TDS 进入人体的药量与口服多奈哌齐药片相似。这是通过一种称为药代动力学(多奈哌齐进入血液的量、速度和稳定性)的检查来实现的。在健康的参与者中,多奈哌齐 TDS 对胃肠的副作用(如便秘、腹泻、恶心和呕吐)总体上要少于口服多奈哌齐药片,不过与口服多奈哌齐药片相比,更多的参与者表示服用多奈哌齐 TDS 会出现腹痛。多奈哌齐 TDS 对神经系统的副作用(如头晕和嗜睡)也比口服多奈哌齐药片少。这些发现支持使用多奈哌齐 TDS 治疗阿尔茨海默病患者。
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引用次数: 0
A review on nonviral, nonbacterial infectious agents toxicity involved in neurodegenerative diseases. 综述神经退行性疾病中的非病毒、非细菌传染性病原体毒性。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0004
Mohammad Taheri, Ali Bahrami, Kiana Kimiaei Asadi, Mojdeh Mohammadi, Pejman Molaei, Mehrdad Hashemi, Fatemeh Nouri

Neuronal death, decreased activity or dysfunction of neurotransmitters are some of the pathophysiological reasons for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis. Also, there is evidence for the role of infections and infectious agents in neurodegenerative diseases and the effect of some metabolites in microorganisms in the pathophysiology of these diseases. In this study, we intend to evaluate the existing studies on the role of infectious agents and their metabolites on the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science search engines were searched. Some infectious agents have been observed in neurodegenerative diseases. Also, isolations of some fungi and microalgae have an improving effect on Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.

神经元死亡、神经递质活性降低或功能障碍是阿尔茨海默氏症、帕金森氏症和多发性硬化症等神经退行性疾病的部分病理生理学原因。此外,有证据表明感染和传染性病原体在神经退行性疾病中的作用,以及微生物中的某些代谢物在这些疾病的病理生理学中的影响。在本研究中,我们打算对现有的关于感染病原体及其代谢物对神经退行性疾病病理生理学的作用的研究进行评估。我们检索了 PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 等搜索引擎。在神经退行性疾病中发现了一些感染性病原体。此外,分离出的一些真菌和微藻对帕金森氏症和阿尔茨海默氏症也有改善作用。
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引用次数: 0
An innovative approach to recruiting participants for dementia research: primary care and researcher perspectives. 为痴呆症研究招募参与者的创新方法:初级保健和研究人员的观点。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2022-0040
Linda Lee, Loretta M Hillier, Tejal Patel, Stephanie K Lu, Michael Lee, Catherine Lee

Aim: To describe clinician and researcher perceptions of a new, patient preference focused approach to recruiting patients for research from primary care-based memory clinics. Methods: Memory clinic clinicians completed a survey and key informants completed an individual interview to gather their perceptions of this new program. Results: The majority of clinicians were 'satisfied' or 'very satisfied' with this recruitment approach and indicated that this approach would have minimal negative impact on patient care or create conflict of interest. Key informants valued the program for its patient-centred approach, the integration of research into care and potential for increased recruitment. Discussion: These findings are suggestive of support for this recruitment approach. Pilot testing will inform feasibility, effectiveness and process improvements.

目的:描述临床医生和研究人员对一种以患者偏好为重点的新方法的看法,该方法旨在从以初级保健为基础的记忆诊所招募患者参与研究。方法:记忆门诊的临床医生和主要信息提供者分别完成了一项调查:记忆诊所的临床医生完成一份调查,主要信息提供者完成一次个人访谈,以收集他们对这项新计划的看法。结果大多数临床医生对这种招募方法表示 "满意 "或 "非常满意",并表示这种方法对患者护理的负面影响最小,也不会造成利益冲突。主要信息提供者对该计划以患者为中心的方法、将研究与护理相结合以及增加招募的潜力给予了高度评价。讨论:这些研究结果表明,这种招募方法得到了支持。试点测试将为可行性、有效性和流程改进提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
An overview of the worldwide distribution of LRRK2 mutations in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病中 LRRK2 基因突变的全球分布概况。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0025
Hicham El Otmani, Mohamed Daghi, Nadia Tahiri Jouti, Suzanne Lesage

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with significant genetic influence. The LRRK2 gene is a major genetic contributor, particularly the Gly2019Ser mutation. This focused review investigates the global distribution of LRRK2 mutations, with emphasis on Gly2019Ser and other pathogenic variants. Prevalence rates of Gly2019Ser are highest in North Africa and the Ashkenazi-Jewish population, indicating a potential common ancestor and founder effect. Other LRRK2 mutations, including Asn1437His, Arg1441Gly/Cys/His, Tyr1699Cys and Ile2020Thr, exhibit varying global prevalences. Understanding these distributions enhances our knowledge of PD genetics and aids personalized medicine. Further research is crucial to unravel clinical implications and develop targeted therapies for LRRK2 mutation carriers.

帕金森病(PD)是一种神经退行性疾病,具有重要的遗传影响。LRRK2 基因是主要的遗传因素,尤其是 Gly2019Ser 突变。这篇重点综述调查了 LRRK2 基因突变的全球分布情况,重点是 Gly2019Ser 和其他致病变体。Gly2019Ser 的流行率在北非和阿什肯纳齐-犹太人群中最高,这表明可能存在共同祖先和创始人效应。其他 LRRK2 突变,包括 Asn1437His、Arg1441Gly/Cys/His、Tyr1699Cys 和 Ile2020Thr,在全球的流行率各不相同。了解这些分布情况有助于增进我们对帕金森病遗传学的了解,并有助于个性化医疗。进一步的研究对于揭示临床影响和开发针对 LRRK2 突变携带者的靶向疗法至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Free-Cog revisited: the diagnostic contribution of cognitive and executive function. 重新审视 Free-Cog:认知和执行功能对诊断的贡献。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0013
Andrew J Larner, Alistair Burns

Aim: To examine Free-Cog, a recently described, hybrid screening instrument, as separate tests of cognitive (Free-Cog-Cog) and executive function (Free-Cog-Exec) to see if this improved screening accuracy for cognitive impairment compared with standard Free-Cog. Materials & methods: Free-Cog-Cog and Free-Cog-Exec were combined using Boolean logical 'AND' and 'OR' operators (serial and parallel combination), and also used to construct a stepwise decision tree. Results: Serial combination improved specificity and positive predictive value whereas parallel combination improved sensitivity, typical findings with these operators. Stepwise application identified groups with high and low probability of cognitive impairment but failed to differentiate adequately those in the intermediate uncertain diagnosis group. Conclusion: Study findings suggest limited benefit from reformulations of Free-Cog compared with the standard instrument.

目的:研究最近描述的一种混合筛查工具 Free-Cog,将其作为认知(Free-Cog-Cog)和执行功能(Free-Cog-Exec)的单独测试,以了解与标准 Free-Cog 相比,这种方法是否能提高认知障碍的筛查准确性。材料与方法使用布尔逻辑 "AND "和 "OR "运算符(串行和并行组合)将Free-Cog-Cog和Free-Cog-Exec结合起来,并用于构建逐步决策树。结果串行组合提高了特异性和阳性预测值,而并行组合提高了灵敏度,这些都是这些运算符的典型结果。逐步式应用确定了认知功能障碍的高概率组和低概率组,但未能充分区分不确定诊断的中间组。结论:研究结果表明,与标准工具相比,Free-Cog 的改良版带来的益处有限。
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引用次数: 0
People with neuromuscular diseases and their relatives' perspectives on challenges in everyday life and healthcare. 神经肌肉疾病患者及其亲属对日常生活和医疗挑战的看法。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0008
Charlotte Handberg, Ulla Werlauff

Objective: People with a neuromuscular disease (NMD) often experience challenges in everyday life and healthcare. Aim: To investigate experiences of and perspectives on challenges in everyday life and healthcare of people with NMDs and their relatives to gain new insights into how life-long rehabilitation can be tailored. Patients & methods: The design was qualitative using the interpretive description methodology and the Sense of Coherence theory. An ethnographic fieldwork was conducted where 45 persons with NMD and their relatives were included for interviews and participant observations. Results & conclusion: People with NMDs continually adapt to a changing functioning and balance their need for knowledge with their dependency on help when navigating the healthcare system. Structured, professionally facilitated peer support is needed.

目的:神经肌肉疾病(NMD)患者经常在日常生活和医疗保健方面遇到困难。目的:调查神经肌肉疾病患者及其亲属在日常生活和医疗保健中遇到的挑战的经历和观点,以便对如何定制终身康复有新的认识。患者与方法:采用解释性描述方法和 "连贯感 "理论进行定性设计。对 45 名 NMD 患者及其亲属进行了人种学实地调查,并对他们进行了访谈和参与观察。结果与结论:NMD 患者不断适应不断变化的功能,并在驾驭医疗保健系统时平衡他们对知识的需求和对帮助的依赖。需要有组织的、专业的同伴支持。
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引用次数: 0
Piecing together the Alzheimer's puzzle: Lecanemab's role in treatment. 拼凑阿尔茨海默氏症的拼图:莱卡单抗在治疗中的作用。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0026
Danish Ali Ashraf, Hassan Tariq, Fathimath Shahaa Hassan, Farooq Kamran, Warda Mushtaq Khosa, Maha Mushtaq Khosa
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引用次数: 0
A plain language summary on assessing the long-term effectiveness of cladribine tablets in people living with relapsing multiple sclerosis: The CLASSIC-MS study. 关于评估克拉利宾片对复发性多发性硬化症患者的长期疗效的简明摘要:CLASSIC-MS 研究。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0018
Gavin Giovannoni, Alexey Boyko, Jorge Correale, Gilles Edan, Mark S Freedman, Xavier Montalban, Kottil Rammohan, Dusan Stefoski, Bassem Yamout, Thomas Leist, Aida Aydemir, Laszlo Borsi, Elisabetta Verdun di Cantogno

What is this summary about?: Previous studies have shown that people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with cladribine tablets have fewer relapses (where new symptoms occur or existing symptoms get worse for 24 hours or more) and delayed disability progression (slowing down of the disease getting worse). The CLASSIC-MS study looked at the long-term effectiveness of treatment with cladribine tablets in people living with MS who had taken part in the original CLARITY and CLARITY Extension clinical studies.

What were the results?: Results showed that people treated with cladribine tablets maintained their mobility (the ability to move freely) for longer and experienced other positive effects long after their treatment ended, including being less likely to need further treatment for their MS.

What do the results mean?: The results obtained from CLASSIC-MS show that the benefits of taking cladribine tablets carry on even when patients stop taking the treatment.

本摘要介绍什么内容:先前的研究表明,接受克拉利宾片治疗的多发性硬化症(MS)患者复发(出现新症状或现有症状恶化达 24 小时或以上)的次数较少,残疾进展(疾病恶化速度减慢)的时间也较短。CLASSIC-MS研究考察了克拉利宾片对参加过最初的CLARITY和CLARITY扩展临床研究的多发性硬化症患者的长期治疗效果:结果表明,接受克拉利宾片治疗的患者在治疗结束后仍能保持较长时间的活动能力(自由行动的能力),并且在治疗结束后的很长一段时间内还能体验到其他积极的效果,包括较少可能需要对其多发性硬化症进行进一步治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Satisfaction and practicality of a prefilled glatiramer acetate pen in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. 复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者使用预填充醋酸格拉默笔的满意度和实用性。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2022-0031
Herbert Schreiber, Joachim Hipp, Fabian Roßnagel, Christiane Moritz

Aim: Evaluation of practicality and patient satisfaction of a glatiramer acetate (GA) prefilled pen in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Patients & methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter, observational study evaluating patients' experiences with the GA-pen 3 months after its first use by means of self-reporting questionnaires. Primary end point was the proportion of patients who were satisfied with the pen. Results: 80 patients participated in the study. The majority (83.7%) was satisfied with the pen and 95% rated its application as easy or very easy. Conclusion: Most patients were satisfied with the GA-pen and rated its application as easy or very easy. Among the 12 device features, starting the injection without an injection button was considered the most appreciated feature. Improvements in pen functionality and design might allow patients to overcome many difficulties with self-injection, even those leading to nonadherence. But, this hypothesis awaits further validation by real-world follow-up studies.

目的:评估醋酸格拉默(GA)预充笔在复发-缓解型多发性硬化症(RRMS)患者中的实用性和患者满意度。患者和方法:一项横断面、多中心、观察性研究,通过自我报告问卷的方式,评估患者首次使用GA笔3个月后的体验。主要终点是对钢笔感到满意的患者比例。结果:80例患者参与了本研究。大多数人(83.7%)对该笔感到满意,95%的人认为其应用简单或非常简单。结论:大多数患者对GA笔感到满意,并认为其应用简单或非常简单。在12个设备特征中,在没有注射按钮的情况下开始注射被认为是最受欢迎的特征。笔功能和设计的改进可能会让患者克服自我注射的许多困难,甚至是那些导致不依从的困难。但是,这一假设有待于现实世界后续研究的进一步验证。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of diagnostic routines for suspected Alzheimer's disease patients in US-American and German primary care. 美国和德国基层医疗机构对疑似阿尔茨海默病患者的诊断程序比较。
IF 2.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2023-0023
Felix Menne, Timo Grimmer, Carola G Schipke

Aim: Thorough diagnostics are a prerequisite for the optimal treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Biomarker-based diagnostics are standard in academia, data on practitioners' diagnostic workups is scarce. Materials & methods: Surveys in German and US healthcare providers (HCP) were conducted regarding diagnostics in presumed AD patients. A subsample of 153 German and 88 US professionals was analyzed in detail. Results: Fewer German physicians conduct AD diagnostics themselves compared with US colleagues (67% vs 99%; p < 0.0001). German doctors more often order diagnostics at other institutions (65% vs 45%; p < 0.005). No significant differences were found regarding the type of diagnostics ordered at other institutions. Conclusion: Diagnostic routines for suspected AD patients differ between German and US-American healthcare providers.

目的:全面诊断是阿尔茨海默病(AD)最佳治疗的先决条件。以生物标志物为基础的诊断是学术界的标准,但有关从业人员诊断工作的数据却很少。材料与方法:对德国和美国的医疗保健提供者(HCP)进行了有关假定的 AD 患者诊断的调查。对 153 名德国和 88 名美国专业人员的子样本进行了详细分析。结果:与美国同行相比,德国医生自己进行注意力缺失症诊断的人数较少(67% 对 99%;P 结论:与美国同行相比,德国医生自己进行注意力缺失症诊断的人数较少:德国和美国医疗服务提供者对疑似注意力缺失症患者的诊断程序有所不同。
{"title":"Comparison of diagnostic routines for suspected Alzheimer's disease patients in US-American and German primary care.","authors":"Felix Menne, Timo Grimmer, Carola G Schipke","doi":"10.2217/nmt-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/nmt-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Thorough diagnostics are a prerequisite for the optimal treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Biomarker-based diagnostics are standard in academia, data on practitioners' diagnostic workups is scarce. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Surveys in German and US healthcare providers (HCP) were conducted regarding diagnostics in presumed AD patients. A subsample of 153 German and 88 US professionals was analyzed in detail. <b>Results:</b> Fewer German physicians conduct AD diagnostics themselves compared with US colleagues (67% vs 99%; p < 0.0001). German doctors more often order diagnostics at other institutions (65% vs 45%; p < 0.005). No significant differences were found regarding the type of diagnostics ordered at other institutions. <b>Conclusion:</b> Diagnostic routines for suspected AD patients differ between German and US-American healthcare providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138808117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Neurodegenerative disease management
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