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One-neutron stripping process in the 209Bi(6Li, 5Li)210Bi* reaction reaction 209Bi(6Li, 5Li)210Bi* 反应中的单中子剥离过程
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01462-w
Gao-Long Zhang, Zhen-Wei Jiao, Guang-Xin Zhang, E. N. Cardozo, B. Paes, Shi-Peng Hu, Jian-Qiang Qian, Daniele Mengoni, Wei-Wei Qu, Cong-Bo Li, Yun Zheng, Huan-Qiao Zhang, Hui-Bin Sun, Nan Wang, Chun-Lei Zhang, J. J. Valiente-Dobón, D. Testov, M. Mazzocco, A. Gozzelino, C. Parascandolo, D. Pierroutsakou, M. La Commara, A. Goasduff, D. Bazzacco, D. R. Napoli, F. Galtarossa, F. Recchia, A. Illana, S. Bakes, I. Zanon, S. Aydin, G. de Angelis, M. Siciliano, R. Menegazzo, S. M. Lenzi, S. Akkoyun, L. F. Canto, J. Lubian

One-neutron stripping process between (^{6})Li and (^{209})Bi was studied at 28, 30, and 34 MeV using the in-beam (gamma )-ray spectroscopy method. The (gamma )(gamma ) coincident analysis clearly identified two (gamma )-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states, which were employed to determine the cross section. The one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the (^6)Li+(^{209})Bi system, but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region. A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was performed to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in (^6)Li. The calculations indicated that the first excited state of (^5)Li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism, and the valence proton of (^{209}textrm{Bi}) can be excited to the low-lying excited state in ((^{6}textrm{Li}),(^{5}textrm{Li})) reaction, unlike in the (d,p) reaction.

使用束内(γ)-射线光谱法研究了在(^{6})28、30和34 MeV下(^{209})Li和(^{209})Bi之间的一中子剥离过程。(γ)-(γ)重合分析清楚地识别出了两种(γ)-射线,它们分别为地面态和长寿命异构态提供能量,并被用来确定截面。一中子剥离截面与 (^6)Li+(^{209})Bi 体系中完全聚变的截面相似,但一中子剥离截面在亚势垒区会逐渐减小。为了研究 (^6)Li 中一中子剥离过程的详细反应机制,我们进行了耦合反应通道计算。计算结果表明,在实际的一中子转移机制中,(^{5)Li 的第一激发态是关键的,而且在((^{6}textrm{Li}),(^{5}textrm{Li}))反应中,与(d,p)反应不同,(^{209}textrm{Bi})的价质子可以被激发到低电平激发态。
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引用次数: 0
Transverse mode-coupling instability with longitudinal impedance 具有纵向阻抗的横向模式耦合不稳定性
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01472-8
Hai-Sheng Xu, Chun-Tao Lin, Na Wang, Jing-Ye Xu, Yuan Zhang

Transverse mode-coupling instability (TMCI) is a dangerous transverse single-bunch instability that can lead to severe particle loss. The mechanism of TMCI can be explained by the coupling of transverse coherent oscillation modes owing to the transverse short-range wakefield (i.e., the transverse broadband impedance). Recent studies on future circular colliders, e.g., FCC-ee, showed that the threshold of TMCI decreased significantly when both longitudinal and transverse impedances were included. We performed computations for the circular electron–positron collider (CEPC) and observed a similar phenomenon. Systematic studies on the influence of longitudinal impedance on the TMCI threshold were conducted. We concluded that the imaginary part of the longitudinal impedance, which caused a reduction in the incoherent synchrotron tune, was the primary reason for the reduction in the TMCI threshold. Additionally, the real part of the longitudinal impedance assists in increasing the TMCI threshold.

横向模式耦合不稳定性(TMCI)是一种危险的横向单束不稳定性,可导致严重的粒子损失。TMCI的机理可以用横向短程唤醒场(即横向宽带阻抗)导致的横向相干振荡模式耦合来解释。最近对未来环形对撞机(如 FCC-ee)的研究表明,当纵向和横向阻抗都包括在内时,TMCI 的阈值会显著降低。我们对环形电子-正电子对撞机(CEPC)进行了计算,观察到了类似的现象。我们对纵向阻抗对 TMCI 门限的影响进行了系统研究。我们得出的结论是,纵向阻抗的虚部导致非相干同步加速器调谐减弱,是 TMCI 门限降低的主要原因。此外,纵向阻抗的实部也有助于提高 TMCI 门限。
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引用次数: 0
Cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements 铬诱导聚变反应合成超重元素
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01449-7
S. Madhu, H. C. Manjunatha, N. Sowmya, B. M. Rajesh, L. Seenappa, R. S. Susheela

We investigated (^{50,52-54})Cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy element in the (104le Zle 122) range. The cross sections produced in this investigation using (^{54})Cr projectiles were compared with those obtained in prior experiments. The estimated cross sections from this analysis are consistent with the findings of prior studies. From the current study, the predicted cross section was found to be 42fb at 236 MeV for (^{53})Cr+(^{243})Am, 23.2 fb at 236 MeV for (^{54})Cr+(^{247})Cm, 95.6 fb at 240 MeV for (^{53})Cr+(^{248})Bk, and 1.33 fb at 242 MeV for (^{53})Cr+(^{250})Cf. Consequently, these projected cross sections with excitation energy and beam energy will be useful in future Cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

我们研究了 (^{50,52-54})Cr 引发的核聚变反应,用于合成 (104le Zle 122) 范围内的超重元素。这项研究中使用(^{54})Cr射弹产生的截面与之前实验中获得的截面进行了比较。分析得出的估计截面与之前的研究结果一致。在目前的研究中,发现 (^{53})Cr+(^{243})Am 在 236 MeV 时的预测截面为 42 fb,(^{54})Cr+(^{247})Cm 在 236 MeV 时的预测截面为 23.2 fb,(^{53})Cr+(^{248})Bk 在 240 MeV 时的预测截面为 95.6 fb,而(^{53})Cr+(^{248})Bk 在 242 MeV 时的预测截面为 1.因此,这些随激发能量和束流能量变化的预测截面将有助于未来的铈诱导聚变反应研究。
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引用次数: 0
Improved nuclear mass formula with an additional term from the Fermi gas model 利用费米气体模型的附加项改进核质量公式
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01450-0
Xiao-Yu Xu, Li Deng, Ai-Xi Chen, Hang Yang, Amir Jalili, Han-Kui Wang

Nuclear mass is a fundamental property of nuclear physics and a necessary input in nuclear astrophysics. Owing to the complexity of atomic nuclei and nonperturbative strong interactions, conventional physical models cannot completely describe nuclear binding energies. In this study, the mass formula was improved by considering an additional term from the Fermi gas model. All nuclear masses in the Atomic Mass Evaluation Database were reproduced with a root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of (sim)1.86 MeV (1.92 MeV). The new mass formula exhibits good performance in the neutron-rich nuclear region. The RMSD decreases to 0.393 MeV when the ratio of the neutron number to the proton number is (ge)1.6.

核质量是核物理的基本属性,也是核天体物理学的必要输入。由于原子核和非微扰强相互作用的复杂性,传统物理模型无法完全描述核结合能。在这项研究中,通过考虑费米气体模型的附加项,对质量公式进行了改进。原子质量评估数据库中的所有核质量都得到了重现,均方根偏差(RMSD)为 1.86 MeV (1.92 MeV)。新的质量公式在富中子核区表现出良好的性能。当中子数与质子数之比为(ge)1.6时,RMSD下降到0.393 MeV。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution beam signal reconstruction with bunch phase compensation 带束相位补偿的超高时空分辨率光束信号重建
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01444-y
You-Ming Deng, Yong-Bin Leng, Xing-Yi Xu, Jian Chen, Yi-Mei Zhou

Various electromagnetic signals are excited by the beam in the acceleration and beam-diagnostic elements of a particle accelerator. It is important to obtain time-domain waveforms of these signals with high temporal resolution for research, such as the study of beam–cavity interactions and bunch-by-bunch parameter measurements. Therefore, a signal reconstruction algorithm with ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution and bunch phase compensation based on equivalent sampling is proposed in this paper. Compared with traditional equivalent sampling, the use of phase compensation and setting the bunch signal zero-crossing point as the time reference can construct a more accurate reconstructed signal. The basic principles of the method, simulation, and experimental comparison are also introduced. Based on the beam test platform of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) and the method of experimental verification, the factors that affect the reconstructed signal quality are analyzed and discussed, including the depth of the sampled data, quantization noise of analog-to-digital converter, beam transverse oscillation, and longitudinal oscillation. The results of the beam experiments show that under the user operation conditions of the SSRF, a beam excitation signal with an amplitude uncertainty of 2% can be reconstructed.

粒子加速器的加速和束流诊断元件中的束流会激发各种电磁信号。获取这些信号的高时间分辨率时域波形对于研究(如研究束腔相互作用和逐束参数测量)非常重要。因此,本文提出了一种基于等效采样的具有超高时空分辨率和束相补偿的信号重建算法。与传统的等效采样相比,使用相位补偿并将信号束的零交叉点设置为时间基准,可以构建出更精确的重建信号。本文还介绍了该方法的基本原理、仿真和实验对比。基于上海同步辐射设施(SSRF)的波束测试平台和实验验证方法,分析讨论了影响重建信号质量的因素,包括采样数据的深度、模数转换器的量化噪声、波束横向振荡和纵向振荡。光束实验结果表明,在 SSRF 的用户操作条件下,可以重建振幅不确定度为 2% 的光束激励信号。
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引用次数: 0
High-resolution neutronics model for 238Pu production in high-flux reactors 高通量反应堆生产 238Pu 的高分辨率中子模型
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01461-x
Qing-Quan Pan, Qing-Fei Zhao, Lian-Jie Wang, Bang-Yang Xia, Yun Cai, Jin-Biao Xiong, Xiao-Jing Liu

We proposed and compared three methods (filter burnup, single energy burnup, and burnup extremum analysis) to build a high-resolution neutronics model for 238Pu production in high-flux reactors. The filter burnup and single energy burnup methods have no theoretical approximation and can achieve a spectrum resolution of up to ~ 1 eV, thereby constructing the importance curve and yield curve of the full energy range. The burnup extreme analysis method combines the importance and yield curves to consider the influence of irradiation time on production efficiency, thereby constructing extreme curves. The three curves, which quantify the transmutation rate of the nuclei in each energy region, are of physical significance because they have similar distributions. A high-resolution neutronics model for 238Pu production was established based on these three curves, and its universality and feasibility were proven. The neutronics model can guide the neutron spectrum optimization and improve the yield of 238Pu by up to 18.81%. The neutronics model revealed the law of nuclei transmutation in all energy regions with high spectrum resolution, thus providing theoretical support for high-flux reactor design and irradiation production of 238Pu.

我们提出并比较了三种方法(滤波燃耗法、单能燃耗法和燃耗极值分析法),以建立高通量反应堆 238Pu 产率的高分辨率中子学模型。滤波燃耗法和单能量燃耗法没有理论近似,可实现高达 ~ 1 eV 的频谱分辨率,从而构建全能量范围的重要性曲线和产率曲线。燃烧极限分析方法结合了重要性曲线和产量曲线,考虑了辐照时间对生产效率的影响,从而构建了极限曲线。这三条曲线量化了每个能量区域的原子核嬗变率,具有相似的分布,因此具有重要的物理意义。根据这三条曲线建立了 238Pu 生产的高分辨率中子模型,并证明了其普遍性和可行性。该中子模型可指导中子谱优化,使 238Pu 的产率提高达 18.81%。中子模型以高光谱分辨率揭示了所有能区的原子核嬗变规律,从而为高通量反应堆设计和辐照生产 238Pu 提供了理论支持。
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引用次数: 0
Research on a Monte Carlo global variance reduction method based on an automatic importance sampling method 基于自动重要度抽样法的蒙特卡罗全局方差缩小法研究
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01404-6
Yi-Sheng Hao, Zhen Wu, Shen-Shen Gao, Rui Qiu, Hui Zhang, Jun-Li Li

Global variance reduction is a bottleneck in Monte Carlo shielding calculations. The global variance reduction problem requires that the statistical error of the entire space is uniform. This study proposed a grid-AIS method for the global variance reduction problem based on the AIS method, which was implemented in the Monte Carlo program MCShield. The proposed method was validated using the VENUS-III international benchmark problem and a self-shielding calculation example. The results from the VENUS-III benchmark problem showed that the grid-AIS method achieved a significant reduction in the variance of the statistical errors of the MESH grids, decreasing from 1.08 × 10–2 to 3.84 × 10–3, representing a 64.00% reduction. This demonstrates that the grid-AIS method is effective in addressing global issues. The results of the self-shielding calculation demonstrate that the grid-AIS method produced accurate computational results. Moreover, the grid-AIS method exhibited a computational efficiency approximately one order of magnitude higher than that of the AIS method and approximately two orders of magnitude higher than that of the conventional Monte Carlo method.

全局方差缩小是蒙特卡洛屏蔽计算中的一个瓶颈。全局方差缩小问题要求整个空间的统计误差是均匀的。本研究提出了一种基于 AIS 方法的网格-AIS 方法来解决全局方差缩小问题,并在蒙特卡罗程序 MCShield 中实现了该方法。利用 VENUS-III 国际基准问题和自屏蔽计算实例对所提出的方法进行了验证。VENUS-III 基准问题的结果表明,网格-AIS 方法显著降低了 MESH 网格的统计误差方差,从 1.08 × 10-2 降至 3.84 × 10-3,降幅达 64.00%。这表明网格-AIS 方法能有效解决全球性问题。自屏蔽计算的结果表明,网格-AIS 方法产生了精确的计算结果。此外,网格-AIS 方法的计算效率比 AIS 方法高出约一个数量级,比传统的蒙特卡罗方法高出约两个数量级。
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引用次数: 0
Nondestructive and active interrogation system for special nuclear material: proof of principle and initial results 特殊核材料无损主动询问系统:原理验证和初步结果
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01458-6
Mahmoud Bakr, Kai Masuda, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Misawa, Norio Yamakawa, Tomas Scott

Herein, we employ the threshold energy neutron analysis (TENA) technique to introduce the world's first active interrogation system to detect special nuclear materials (SNMs), including U-235 and Pu-239. The system utilizes a DD neutron generator based on inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) to interrogate suspicious objects. To detect secondary neutrons produced during fission reactions induced in SNMs, a tensioned metastable fluid detector (TMFD) is employed. The current status of the system's development is reported in this paper, accompanied by the results from experiments conducted to detect 10 g of highly enriched uranium (HEU). Notably, the experimental findings demonstrate a distinct difference in the count rates of measurements with and without HEU. This difference in count rates surpasses two times the standard deviation, indicating a confidence level of more than 96% for identifying the presence of HEU. The paper presents and extensively discusses the proof-of-principle experimental results, along with the system's planned trajectory.

在此,我们采用阈值能量中子分析(TENA)技术,推出世界上首个主动询问系统,用于探测特殊核材料(SNM),包括铀 235 和钚 239。该系统利用基于惯性静电约束(IEC)的 DD 中子发生器来探测可疑物体。为了探测 SNM 诱导的裂变反应期间产生的二次中子,该系统采用了张力可变流体探测器(TMFD)。本文报告了该系统的开发现状,以及探测 10 克高浓铀(HEU)的实验结果。值得注意的是,实验结果表明,有高浓缩铀和没有高浓缩铀的测量结果在计数率上存在明显差异。这种计数率差异超过标准偏差的两倍,表明识别 HEU 存在的置信度超过 96%。本文介绍并广泛讨论了原理验证实验结果以及该系统的计划轨迹。
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引用次数: 0
Heavy ion energy influence on multiple-cell upsets in small sensitive volumes: from standard to high energies 重离子能量对小灵敏体积内多胞扰动的影响:从标准能量到高能量
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01427-z
Yang Jiao, Li-Hua Mo, Jin-Hu Yang, Yu-Zhu Liu, Ya-Nan Yin, Liang Wang, Qi-Yu Chen, Xiao-Yu Yan, Shi-Wei Zhao, Bo Li, You-Mei Sun, Pei-Xiong Zhao, Jie Liu

The 28 nm process has a high cost-performance ratio and has gradually become the standard for the field of radiation-hardened devices. However, owing to the minimum physical gate length of only 35 nm, the physical area of a standard 6T SRAM unit is approximately (0.16,upmu hbox{m}^{2}), resulting in a significant enhancement of multi-cell charge-sharing effects. Multiple-cell upsets (MCUs) have become the primary physical mechanism behind single-event upsets (SEUs) in advanced nanometer node devices. The range of ionization track effects increases with higher ion energies, and spacecraft in orbit primarily experience SEUs caused by high-energy ions. However, ground accelerator experiments have mainly obtained low-energy ion irradiation data. Therefore, the impact of ion energy on the SEU cross section, charge collection mechanisms, and MCU patterns and quantities in advanced nanometer devices remains unclear. In this study, based on the experimental platform of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, low- and high-energy heavy-ion beams were used to study the SEUs of 28 nm SRAM devices. The influence of ion energy on the charge collection processes of small-sensitive-volume devices, MCU patterns, and upset cross sections was obtained, and the applicable range of the inverse cosine law was clarified. The findings of this study are an important guide for the accurate evaluation of SEUs in advanced nanometer devices and for the development of radiation-hardening techniques.

28 纳米工艺具有很高的性价比,已逐渐成为辐射加固器件领域的标准。然而,由于最小物理栅极长度仅为 35 纳米,标准 6T SRAM 单元的物理面积约为(0.16,upmu hbox{m}^{2}),导致多单元电荷共享效应显著增强。在先进的纳米节点器件中,多电池突变(MCU)已成为单事件突变(SEU)背后的主要物理机制。电离轨道效应的范围随着离子能量的增加而增大,轨道上的航天器主要经历由高能离子引起的 SEU。然而,地面加速器实验主要获得的是低能离子辐照数据。因此,离子能量对先进纳米器件中的 SEU 截面、电荷收集机制以及 MCU 模式和数量的影响仍不清楚。本研究基于兰州重离子研究装置的实验平台,利用低能和高能重离子束研究了 28 纳米 SRAM 器件的 SEU。获得了离子能量对小敏感体积器件电荷收集过程、MCU模式和失调截面的影响,明确了反余弦定律的适用范围。该研究结果对准确评估先进纳米器件中的 SEUs 以及开发辐射硬化技术具有重要指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient and selective removal of Pb(II) from landfill leachate using L-serine-modified polyethylene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric synthesized via radiation grafting technique 使用通过辐射接枝技术合成的 L-丝氨酸改性聚乙烯/聚丙烯非织造布高效、选择性地去除垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的铅(II)
IF 2.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41365-024-01440-2
Xin-Xin Feng, Cheng Li, Xuan-Zhi Mao, Wan-Ning Ren, Yang Gao, Yu-Long He, Zhe Xing, Rong Li, Guo-Zhong Wu

In this study, to efficiently remove Pb(II) from aqueous environments, a novel L-serine-modified polyethylene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric sorbent (NWF-serine) was fabricated through the radiation grafting of glycidyl methacrylate and subsequent L-serine modification. The effect of the absorbed dose was investigated in the range of 5–50 kGy. NWF-serine was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Batch adsorption tests were conducted to investigate the influences of pH, adsorption time, temperature, initial concentration, and sorbent dosage on the Pb(II) adsorption performance of NWF-serine. The results indicated that Pb(II) adsorption onto NWF-serine was an endothermic process, following the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The saturated adsorption capacity was 198.1 mg/g. NWF-serine exhibited Pb(II) removal rates of 99.8% for aqueous solutions with initial concentrations of 100 mg/L and 82.1% for landfill leachate containing competitive metal ions such as Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn, and Zn. Furthermore, NWF-serine maintained 86% of its Pb(II) uptake after five use cycles. The coordination of the carboxyl and amino groups with Pb(II) was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis.

为了有效地去除水环境中的铅(II),本研究通过甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的辐射接枝和随后的 L-丝氨酸改性,制备了一种新型 L-丝氨酸改性聚乙烯/聚丙烯无纺布吸附剂(NWF-丝氨酸)。研究了吸收剂量在 5-50 kGy 范围内的影响。傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜对 NWF 丝氨酸进行了表征。批量吸附试验研究了 pH 值、吸附时间、温度、初始浓度和吸附剂用量对 NWF-丝氨酸吸附 Pb(II) 性能的影响。结果表明,Pb(II)在 NWF-丝氨酸上的吸附是一个内热过程,遵循假二阶动力学模型和 Langmuir 等温线模型。饱和吸附容量为 198.1 毫克/克。对于初始浓度为 100 mg/L 的水溶液,NWF-丝氨酸对铅(II)的去除率为 99.8%;对于含有竞争性金属离子(如镉、铜、镍、锰和锌)的垃圾填埋场渗滤液,NWF-丝氨酸对铅(II)的去除率为 82.1%。此外,NWF-丝氨酸在五个使用周期后仍能保持 86% 的铅(II)吸收率。使用 X 射线光电子能谱和扩展 X 射线吸收精细结构分析证实了羧基和氨基与铅(II)的配位。
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引用次数: 0
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Nuclear Science and Techniques
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