Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02901-3
Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable resilience to extreme environmental conditions, including radiation and desiccation. Two key proteins, Dsup (Damage suppressor protein) and CAHS D (Cytoplasmic Abundant Heat Soluble protein D), play crucial roles in this resilience. Dsup protects DNA from radiation-induced damage, while CAHS D stabilizes cellular structures during desiccation by interacting with, but not retaining, water. These unique mechanisms have significant potential applications in neurosurgery and neuroscience. Dsup could inspire the development of protective agents for neural tissues during radiation-based treatments, minimizing collateral damage and improving patient outcomes. Meanwhile, CAHS D's stabilization properties could lead to new neuroprotective strategies, safeguarding brain cells under stress. Together, these tardigrade proteins offer innovative solutions for enhancing neural protection, opening new avenues for treating neurological conditions and improving the safety and efficacy of neurosurgical procedures.
迟发型生物是一种微型生物,以其对极端环境条件(包括辐射和干燥)的卓越适应能力而闻名。两种关键蛋白质--Dsup(损伤抑制蛋白)和 CAHS D(细胞质丰富热溶性蛋白 D)--在这种恢复能力中发挥着至关重要的作用。Dsup 保护 DNA 免受辐射引起的损伤,而 CAHS D 则在干燥过程中通过与水相互作用来稳定细胞结构,但不保留水分。这些独特的机制在神经外科和神经科学领域具有重要的潜在应用价值。Dsup 可以启发人们在放射治疗过程中开发神经组织保护剂,从而最大限度地减少附带损伤,改善患者预后。与此同时,CAHS D 的稳定特性可以开发出新的神经保护策略,在压力下保护脑细胞。总之,这些沙丁鱼蛋白为加强神经保护提供了创新的解决方案,为治疗神经疾病和提高神经外科手术的安全性和有效性开辟了新的途径。
{"title":"Leveraging tardigrade proteins Dsup and CAHS D for enhanced neural protection in neurosurgery and neuroscience.","authors":"Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02901-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02901-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tardigrades are microscopic organisms known for their remarkable resilience to extreme environmental conditions, including radiation and desiccation. Two key proteins, Dsup (Damage suppressor protein) and CAHS D (Cytoplasmic Abundant Heat Soluble protein D), play crucial roles in this resilience. Dsup protects DNA from radiation-induced damage, while CAHS D stabilizes cellular structures during desiccation by interacting with, but not retaining, water. These unique mechanisms have significant potential applications in neurosurgery and neuroscience. Dsup could inspire the development of protective agents for neural tissues during radiation-based treatments, minimizing collateral damage and improving patient outcomes. Meanwhile, CAHS D's stabilization properties could lead to new neuroprotective strategies, safeguarding brain cells under stress. Together, these tardigrade proteins offer innovative solutions for enhancing neural protection, opening new avenues for treating neurological conditions and improving the safety and efficacy of neurosurgical procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02926-8
Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
The study by Canisius et al. (2022) explores the expression of decitabine-targeted oncogenes (TRIM58, FAM84B, ELOVL2, DIO3) in meningiomas, aiming to evaluate decitabine's therapeutic potential for high-grade tumors. Using immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR in over 100 patient samples, the authors found significant correlations between oncogene expression and tumor grade, with elevated ELOVL2 levels being linked to tumor recurrence. This work highlights the role of decitabine in modulating oncogene expression and suggests its potential in treating refractory meningiomas. Despite the robust methodology, limitations such as the small sample size and the lack of comprehensive molecular data were noted. Future research should incorporate larger sample sizes and advanced genomic techniques like RNA sequencing to better understand oncogenic mechanisms. The study emphasizes the need for further in situ analyses of decitabine's efficacy, setting the foundation for future neuro-oncological treatments.
{"title":"Comment on, \"Expression of decitabine-targeted oncogenes in meningiomas in vivo\".","authors":"Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02926-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02926-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study by Canisius et al. (2022) explores the expression of decitabine-targeted oncogenes (TRIM58, FAM84B, ELOVL2, DIO3) in meningiomas, aiming to evaluate decitabine's therapeutic potential for high-grade tumors. Using immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR in over 100 patient samples, the authors found significant correlations between oncogene expression and tumor grade, with elevated ELOVL2 levels being linked to tumor recurrence. This work highlights the role of decitabine in modulating oncogene expression and suggests its potential in treating refractory meningiomas. Despite the robust methodology, limitations such as the small sample size and the lack of comprehensive molecular data were noted. Future research should incorporate larger sample sizes and advanced genomic techniques like RNA sequencing to better understand oncogenic mechanisms. The study emphasizes the need for further in situ analyses of decitabine's efficacy, setting the foundation for future neuro-oncological treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02925-9
Niher Tabassum Snigdha
{"title":"Letter to the editor: \"Risk factors for early intraventricular hemorrhagic complications following lateral ventricular tumor surgery\".","authors":"Niher Tabassum Snigdha","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02925-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02925-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02815-0
Kevin E Agner, Michael C Larkins
Chordomas of the skull base are rare, slow growing, locally invasive cancers with limited long-term survival analysis reported in the literature. We seek to provide comparative survival analysis of patients on a long-term (20-year) basis using population-level data. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program was queried for cases of chordoma relegated to the base of the skull, diagnosed between 2000 and 2020. Demographic, disease, and treatment information were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards and log-rank comparisons. 630 patients with chordoma of the skull base were identified. Age ≤ 49 years at diagnosis was associated with increased five-, 10-, and 20-year overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.39, 0.33, and 0.30, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). Treatment with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with increased five-, 10-, and 20-year survival (HR = 0.71, 0.79, and 0.79, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). On univariate analysis, widowed patients had decreased survival (20-year overall survival = 34.8% [15.3%-34.8%] compared to married patients (74.4% [68.1%-80.8%]. Surgery remains the primary treatment associated with increased survival among patients with chordoma of the skull base, with adjuvant radiotherapy serving a complimentary role. Demographic factors such as marital status are also associated with changes in survival.
{"title":"Comparative overall survival analysis of chordomas of the base of the skull from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program between 2000 and 2020.","authors":"Kevin E Agner, Michael C Larkins","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02815-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02815-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chordomas of the skull base are rare, slow growing, locally invasive cancers with limited long-term survival analysis reported in the literature. We seek to provide comparative survival analysis of patients on a long-term (20-year) basis using population-level data. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program was queried for cases of chordoma relegated to the base of the skull, diagnosed between 2000 and 2020. Demographic, disease, and treatment information were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards and log-rank comparisons. 630 patients with chordoma of the skull base were identified. Age ≤ 49 years at diagnosis was associated with increased five-, 10-, and 20-year overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.39, 0.33, and 0.30, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). Treatment with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with increased five-, 10-, and 20-year survival (HR = 0.71, 0.79, and 0.79, respectively; p < 0.001 for all). On univariate analysis, widowed patients had decreased survival (20-year overall survival = 34.8% [15.3%-34.8%] compared to married patients (74.4% [68.1%-80.8%]. Surgery remains the primary treatment associated with increased survival among patients with chordoma of the skull base, with adjuvant radiotherapy serving a complimentary role. Demographic factors such as marital status are also associated with changes in survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02916-w
Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
The article by Liu et al. (2024) investigates the progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in 29 patients post-cervical laminoplasty. The study meticulously tracks transverse and longitudinal OPLL progression, providing crucial insights into surgical planning and patient outcomes. While the research design is commendable, reliance on X-ray imaging limits precision compared to CT or MRI scans. The sample size, though adequate for initial findings, may not fully capture OPLL variability, and the follow-up period could be extended to better assess long-term outcomes. Future studies should incorporate advanced imaging techniques, larger cohorts, and patient-reported outcomes to enhance the understanding of OPLL progression, thereby refining surgical strategies and improving personalized care for OPLL patients.
{"title":"Comment on, \"Radiographic characterization of OPLL progression in patients receiving laminoplasty with a minimum of two-years follow-up\".","authors":"Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02916-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02916-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article by Liu et al. (2024) investigates the progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in 29 patients post-cervical laminoplasty. The study meticulously tracks transverse and longitudinal OPLL progression, providing crucial insights into surgical planning and patient outcomes. While the research design is commendable, reliance on X-ray imaging limits precision compared to CT or MRI scans. The sample size, though adequate for initial findings, may not fully capture OPLL variability, and the follow-up period could be extended to better assess long-term outcomes. Future studies should incorporate advanced imaging techniques, larger cohorts, and patient-reported outcomes to enhance the understanding of OPLL progression, thereby refining surgical strategies and improving personalized care for OPLL patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02888-x
Muhammad Shaheer Bin Faheem
{"title":"How can stroke care be optimized to reduce morbidity in acute ischemic stroke?","authors":"Muhammad Shaheer Bin Faheem","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02888-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02888-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02930-y
Tooba Ali, Maham Amer
A variety of treatment modalities currently exist for epilepsy, a debilitating disorder. With the emergence of drug-resistant epilepsy, however, new options are being explored. Deep brain stimulation is a neuromodulation technique that can prove to be a ground-breaking treatment option for pediatric epilepsy. It employs a neurosurgical method in which electrodes are implanted within the brain that send impulses to control abnormal brain activity. Significant gaps exist in literature, thereby emphasizing the importance of further research in this promising approach.
{"title":"Deep brain stimulation: a promising approach to revolutionize the treatment of pediatric epilepsy.","authors":"Tooba Ali, Maham Amer","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02930-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02930-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A variety of treatment modalities currently exist for epilepsy, a debilitating disorder. With the emergence of drug-resistant epilepsy, however, new options are being explored. Deep brain stimulation is a neuromodulation technique that can prove to be a ground-breaking treatment option for pediatric epilepsy. It employs a neurosurgical method in which electrodes are implanted within the brain that send impulses to control abnormal brain activity. Significant gaps exist in literature, thereby emphasizing the importance of further research in this promising approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02915-x
Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
The article "Decoding pediatric spinal tumors: a single-center retrospective case series on etiology, presentation, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes" by Lenga et al. (2024) provides essential insights into pediatric spinal tumors, a rare and challenging area of medical research. The authors present a thorough analysis of clinical presentations, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes, offering valuable data to refine therapeutic approaches and improve outcomes. However, the study's retrospective design, confined to a single center, introduces potential biases and limits the generalizability of findings. The lack of long-term follow-up data and a control group further restricts the study's scope. Future research should prioritize multi-center collaborations, incorporate control groups, and extend follow-up durations to better understand long-term outcomes. The establishment of standardized treatment protocols is also recommended to enhance consistency in managing pediatric spinal tumors across diverse clinical settings.
{"title":"Comment on, \"Decoding pediatric spinal tumors: a single-center retrospective case series on etiology, presentation, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes\".","authors":"Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02915-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02915-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article \"Decoding pediatric spinal tumors: a single-center retrospective case series on etiology, presentation, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes\" by Lenga et al. (2024) provides essential insights into pediatric spinal tumors, a rare and challenging area of medical research. The authors present a thorough analysis of clinical presentations, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes, offering valuable data to refine therapeutic approaches and improve outcomes. However, the study's retrospective design, confined to a single center, introduces potential biases and limits the generalizability of findings. The lack of long-term follow-up data and a control group further restricts the study's scope. Future research should prioritize multi-center collaborations, incorporate control groups, and extend follow-up durations to better understand long-term outcomes. The establishment of standardized treatment protocols is also recommended to enhance consistency in managing pediatric spinal tumors across diverse clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02922-y
Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
Wu et al. (2021) investigated the neuroprotective effects of hypoxia preconditioning (HPC) in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study demonstrated that HPC enhances brain resilience to TBI by upregulating glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 through the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Comprehensive molecular and histological analyses confirmed increased expression of these transporters, correlating with reduced neuronal apoptosis and cerebral edema. The robust methodology, including rigorous statistical validation and time-course assessments, underscores HPC's potential therapeutic role in mitigating neuronal loss and improving glucose transport post-injury. However, the study could be strengthened by incorporating additional preconditioning controls, comparative analyses with other neuroprotective strategies, and exploring downstream metabolic effects in greater detail. Furthermore, expanding the research to include diverse animal models and examining sex-dependent responses would enhance the generalizability and translational relevance of the findings. Future studies should also integrate metabolic flux analysis and advanced imaging techniques to further elucidate HPC's mechanisms of action.
{"title":"Comment on, \"Hypoxia preconditioning protects neuronal cells against traumatic brain injury through stimulation of glucose transport mediated by HIF-1α/GLUTs signaling pathway in rat\".","authors":"Hethesh Chellapandian, Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran","doi":"10.1007/s10143-024-02922-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-024-02922-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wu et al. (2021) investigated the neuroprotective effects of hypoxia preconditioning (HPC) in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study demonstrated that HPC enhances brain resilience to TBI by upregulating glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 through the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Comprehensive molecular and histological analyses confirmed increased expression of these transporters, correlating with reduced neuronal apoptosis and cerebral edema. The robust methodology, including rigorous statistical validation and time-course assessments, underscores HPC's potential therapeutic role in mitigating neuronal loss and improving glucose transport post-injury. However, the study could be strengthened by incorporating additional preconditioning controls, comparative analyses with other neuroprotective strategies, and exploring downstream metabolic effects in greater detail. Furthermore, expanding the research to include diverse animal models and examining sex-dependent responses would enhance the generalizability and translational relevance of the findings. Future studies should also integrate metabolic flux analysis and advanced imaging techniques to further elucidate HPC's mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":19184,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgical Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}