Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01134-6
Kenji Capannelli, Brennan Undseth, Irene Fernández de Fuentes, Eline Raymenants, Florian K. Unseld, Oriol Pietx-Casas, Stephan G. J. Philips, Mateusz T. Mądzik, Sergey V. Amitonov, Larysa Tryputen, Giordano Scappucci, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen
Solid-state qubits are sensitive to their microscopic environment, causing the qubit properties to fluctuate on a wide range of timescales. The sub-Hz end of the spectrum is usually dealt with by repeated background calibrations, which bring considerable overhead. It is thus important to characterize and understand the low-frequency variations of the relevant qubit characteristics. In this study, we investigate the stability of spin qubit frequencies in the Si/SiGe quantum dot platform. We find that the calibrated qubit frequencies of a six-qubit device vary by up to ±100 MHz while performing a variety of experiments over a span of 912 days. These variations are sensitive to the precise voltage settings of the gate electrodes, however when these are kept constant to within 15 µ V, the qubit frequencies vary by less than ±7 MHz over periods up to 36 days. During overnight scans, the qubit frequencies of ten qubits across two different devices show a standard deviation below 200 kHz within a 1-hour time window. The qubit frequency noise spectral density shows roughly a 1 /f trend above 10 −4 Hz and, strikingly, a steeper trend at even lower frequencies.
{"title":"Tracking spin qubit frequency variations over 912 days","authors":"Kenji Capannelli, Brennan Undseth, Irene Fernández de Fuentes, Eline Raymenants, Florian K. Unseld, Oriol Pietx-Casas, Stephan G. J. Philips, Mateusz T. Mądzik, Sergey V. Amitonov, Larysa Tryputen, Giordano Scappucci, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01134-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01134-6","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state qubits are sensitive to their microscopic environment, causing the qubit properties to fluctuate on a wide range of timescales. The sub-Hz end of the spectrum is usually dealt with by repeated background calibrations, which bring considerable overhead. It is thus important to characterize and understand the low-frequency variations of the relevant qubit characteristics. In this study, we investigate the stability of spin qubit frequencies in the Si/SiGe quantum dot platform. We find that the calibrated qubit frequencies of a six-qubit device vary by up to ±100 MHz while performing a variety of experiments over a span of 912 days. These variations are sensitive to the precise voltage settings of the gate electrodes, however when these are kept constant to within 15 <jats:italic>µ</jats:italic> V, the qubit frequencies vary by less than ±7 MHz over periods up to 36 days. During overnight scans, the qubit frequencies of ten qubits across two different devices show a standard deviation below 200 kHz within a 1-hour time window. The qubit frequency noise spectral density shows roughly a 1 <jats:italic>/f</jats:italic> trend above 10 <jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> Hz and, strikingly, a steeper trend at even lower frequencies.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"365 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01137-3
Zechuan Yin, Justin J. Welter, Connor A. Hart, Paul V. Petruzzi, Ronald L. Walsworth
{"title":"High-resolution and wide-frequency-range magnetic spectroscopy with solid-state spin ensembles","authors":"Zechuan Yin, Justin J. Welter, Connor A. Hart, Paul V. Petruzzi, Ronald L. Walsworth","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01137-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01137-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"2017 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01146-2
Siddhant Singh, Fenglei Gu, Sébastian de Bone, Eduardo Villaseñor, David Elkouss, Johannes Borregaard
Connecting multiple smaller qubit modules by generating high-fidelity entanglement is a promising path for scaling quantum computing hardware. The performance of such a modular quantum computer depends on the quality and rate of entanglement generation. However, identifying optimal architectures and entanglement generation protocols remains an open question. How can modular quantum architectures be designed to achieve fault tolerance while requiring only feasible entanglement rates and hardware? Focusing on solid-state quantum hardware, we investigate the threshold and logical failure rate of a fully distributed surface code. We consider both emission-based and scattering-based entanglement schemes between the modules to link the performance to the physical hardware and identify the regime for fault tolerance. We compare architectures with one or two data qubits per module. For some entanglement schemes, thresholds nearing the thresholds of non-distributed implementations (~ 0.4%) appear feasible with future parameters minimizing the performance gap between modular and monolithic quantum processors.
{"title":"Modular architectures and entanglement schemes for error-corrected distributed quantum computation","authors":"Siddhant Singh, Fenglei Gu, Sébastian de Bone, Eduardo Villaseñor, David Elkouss, Johannes Borregaard","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01146-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01146-2","url":null,"abstract":"Connecting multiple smaller qubit modules by generating high-fidelity entanglement is a promising path for scaling quantum computing hardware. The performance of such a modular quantum computer depends on the quality and rate of entanglement generation. However, identifying optimal architectures and entanglement generation protocols remains an open question. How can modular quantum architectures be designed to achieve fault tolerance while requiring only feasible entanglement rates and hardware? Focusing on solid-state quantum hardware, we investigate the threshold and logical failure rate of a fully distributed surface code. We consider both emission-based and scattering-based entanglement schemes between the modules to link the performance to the physical hardware and identify the regime for fault tolerance. We compare architectures with one or two data qubits per module. For some entanglement schemes, thresholds nearing the thresholds of non-distributed implementations (~ 0.4%) appear feasible with future parameters minimizing the performance gap between modular and monolithic quantum processors.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01131-9
Álvaro Navarrete, Víctor Zapatero, Marcos Curty
Recent advancements in quantum key distribution have led to the development of various modulator-free transmitters. Among their advantages, they offer enhanced security against Trojan-horse attacks. However, practical implementations emit residual pulses that, while not used in the quantum communication, still carry information about Alice’s state preparation process. While the intensity of these pulses is typically attenuated, the extinction ratio of practical intensity modulators is always finite, and therefore it remains crucial to account for the residual information leakage at the security-proof level. In this work, we prove the security of these transmitters in such setting and evaluate their performance. We find that the secret-key rate of the protocol is severely affected when the information leakage is not sufficiently small, which highlights the importance of taking into account this imperfection.
{"title":"Security of practical modulator-free quantum key distribution","authors":"Álvaro Navarrete, Víctor Zapatero, Marcos Curty","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01131-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01131-9","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in quantum key distribution have led to the development of various modulator-free transmitters. Among their advantages, they offer enhanced security against Trojan-horse attacks. However, practical implementations emit residual pulses that, while not used in the quantum communication, still carry information about Alice’s state preparation process. While the intensity of these pulses is typically attenuated, the extinction ratio of practical intensity modulators is always finite, and therefore it remains crucial to account for the residual information leakage at the security-proof level. In this work, we prove the security of these transmitters in such setting and evaluate their performance. We find that the secret-key rate of the protocol is severely affected when the information leakage is not sufficiently small, which highlights the importance of taking into account this imperfection.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01133-7
Thomas R. Scruby, Kae Nemoto, Zhenyu Cai
We show how looped pipeline architectures—which use short-range shuttling of physical qubits to achieve bounded non-local connectivity—can efficiently implement the fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate between 2D surface codes described in (Sci. Adv. 6, eaay4929 (2020)). The shuttling schedule required is only marginally more complex than is required for implementing the standard 2D surface code in this architecture. We compare the resource cost with the cost of magic state distillation and find that, at present, this comparison is heavily in favour of distillation. The high cost of the non-Clifford gate is largely due to the relatively low performance of the just-in-time decoder used in the procedure, which necessitates very large code distances in order to achieve suitably low logical error rates. We argue that, as little attention has been given to the study and optimisation of these decoders, there are potentially significant improvements to be made in this area.
{"title":"Fault-tolerant quantum computation without distillation on a 2D device","authors":"Thomas R. Scruby, Kae Nemoto, Zhenyu Cai","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01133-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01133-7","url":null,"abstract":"We show how looped pipeline architectures—which use short-range shuttling of physical qubits to achieve bounded non-local connectivity—can efficiently implement the fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate between 2D surface codes described in (Sci. Adv. 6, eaay4929 (2020)). The shuttling schedule required is only marginally more complex than is required for implementing the standard 2D surface code in this architecture. We compare the resource cost with the cost of magic state distillation and find that, at present, this comparison is heavily in favour of distillation. The high cost of the non-Clifford gate is largely due to the relatively low performance of the just-in-time decoder used in the procedure, which necessitates very large code distances in order to achieve suitably low logical error rates. We argue that, as little attention has been given to the study and optimisation of these decoders, there are potentially significant improvements to be made in this area.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01149-z
Yang Dong, Wang Jiang, Zhi-Wei Liu, Yong Liu, Shao-Chun Zhang, Diego Paiva Pires, Diogo O. Soares-Pinto, Xiang-Dong Chen, Guang-Can Guo, Fang-Wen Sun
{"title":"Experimental investigation of the trade-off between quantum speed and energy cost","authors":"Yang Dong, Wang Jiang, Zhi-Wei Liu, Yong Liu, Shao-Chun Zhang, Diego Paiva Pires, Diogo O. Soares-Pinto, Xiang-Dong Chen, Guang-Can Guo, Fang-Wen Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01149-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01149-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"602 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01136-4
Yuxuan Yan, Zhenyu Du, Junjie Chen, Xiongfeng Ma
Finding solid and practical quantum advantages via noisy quantum devices without error correction is a critical but challenging problem. Conversely, comprehending the fundamental limitations of the state-of-the-art is equally crucial. In this work, we consider the class of strictly contractive unital noise and derive its analytical representation by decomposition. Under such noise, we observe the polynomial-time indistinguishability of n -qubit devices from random coins when circuit depths exceed $$Omega (log (n))$$Ω(log(n)) . Even with classical processing, we demonstrate the absence of computational advantage in polynomial-time algorithms with super-logarithmic noisy circuit depths. These results impact variational quantum algorithms, error mitigation, and quantum simulation with polynomial depth. Furthermore, we consider noisy quantum devices with a restricted gate topology. For one-dimensional noisy qubit circuits, we rule out super-polynomial quantum advantages in all-depth regimes. We also establish upper limits on entanglement generation: $$O(log (n))$$O(log(n)) for one-dimensional circuits and $$O(sqrt{n}log (n))$$O(nlog(n)) for two-dimensional circuits. Our findings underscore the computational capacity and entanglement scalability constraints in noisy quantum devices.
通过无纠错的噪声量子器件寻找固体和实用的量子优势是一个关键但具有挑战性的问题。相反，理解最先进技术的基本局限性同样至关重要。在这项工作中，我们考虑了一类严格压缩的单位噪声，并通过分解导出了它的解析表示。在这种噪声下，当电路深度超过$$Omega (log (n))$$ Ω （log (n)）时，我们观察到n量子位器件与随机硬币的多项式时间不可区分性。即使使用经典处理，我们也证明了在具有超对数噪声电路深度的多项式时间算法中缺乏计算优势。这些结果影响了变分量子算法、误差缓解和多项式深度的量子模拟。此外，我们考虑具有受限门拓扑的噪声量子器件。对于一维噪声量子比特电路，我们排除了在全深度区域的超多项式量子优势。我们还建立了纠缠产生的上限：一维电路的$$O(log (n))$$ O （log (n)）和二维电路的$$O(sqrt{n}log (n))$$ O （n log (n)）。我们的发现强调了噪声量子器件的计算能力和纠缠可扩展性限制。
{"title":"Limitations of noisy quantum devices in computing and entangling power","authors":"Yuxuan Yan, Zhenyu Du, Junjie Chen, Xiongfeng Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01136-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01136-4","url":null,"abstract":"Finding solid and practical quantum advantages via noisy quantum devices without error correction is a critical but challenging problem. Conversely, comprehending the fundamental limitations of the state-of-the-art is equally crucial. In this work, we consider the class of strictly contractive unital noise and derive its analytical representation by decomposition. Under such noise, we observe the polynomial-time indistinguishability of <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> -qubit devices from random coins when circuit depths exceed <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:tex-math>$$Omega (log (n))$$</jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Ω</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> . Even with classical processing, we demonstrate the absence of computational advantage in polynomial-time algorithms with super-logarithmic noisy circuit depths. These results impact variational quantum algorithms, error mitigation, and quantum simulation with polynomial depth. Furthermore, we consider noisy quantum devices with a restricted gate topology. For one-dimensional noisy qubit circuits, we rule out super-polynomial quantum advantages in all-depth regimes. We also establish upper limits on entanglement generation: <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:tex-math>$$O(log (n))$$</jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> for one-dimensional circuits and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:tex-math>$$O(sqrt{n}log (n))$$</jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> for two-dimensional circuits. Our findings underscore the computational capacity and entanglement scalability constraints in noisy quantum devices.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01132-8
Robert J. P. T. de Keijzer, Luke Y. Visser, Oliver Tse, Servaas J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans
We report an algorithm that is able to tailor qubit interactions for individual variational quantum algorithm problems. The algorithm leverages the unique ability of a neutral atom tweezer platform to realize arbitrary qubit position configurations. These configurations determine the degree of entanglement available to a variational quantum algorithm via the interatomic interactions. Good configurations will accelerate pulse optimization convergence and help mitigate barren plateaus. As gradient-based approaches are ineffective for position optimization due to the divergent R−6 nature of Rydberg interactions, we opt to use a consensus-based algorithm. By sampling configuration space instead of using gradient information, the consensus-based algorithm is able to successfully optimize the positions, yielding adapted variational quantum algorithm ansatzes that lead to both faster convergence and lower errors. We show that these optimized configurations generally result in large improvements in the system’s ability to solve ground state minimization problems for both random Hamiltonians and small molecules.
{"title":"Consensus-based qubit configuration optimization for variational algorithms on neutral atom quantum systems","authors":"Robert J. P. T. de Keijzer, Luke Y. Visser, Oliver Tse, Servaas J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01132-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01132-8","url":null,"abstract":"We report an algorithm that is able to tailor qubit interactions for individual variational quantum algorithm problems. The algorithm leverages the unique ability of a neutral atom tweezer platform to realize arbitrary qubit position configurations. These configurations determine the degree of entanglement available to a variational quantum algorithm via the interatomic interactions. Good configurations will accelerate pulse optimization convergence and help mitigate barren plateaus. As gradient-based approaches are ineffective for position optimization due to the divergent <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>−6</jats:sup> nature of Rydberg interactions, we opt to use a <jats:italic>consensus-based</jats:italic> algorithm. By sampling configuration space instead of using gradient information, the consensus-based algorithm is able to successfully optimize the positions, yielding adapted variational quantum algorithm ansatzes that lead to both faster convergence and lower errors. We show that these optimized configurations generally result in large improvements in the system’s ability to solve ground state minimization problems for both random Hamiltonians and small molecules.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01144-4
Chuanzhou Zhu, Peter J. Ehlers, Hendra I. Nurdin, Daniel Soh
{"title":"Minimalistic and scalable quantum reservoir computing enhanced with feedback","authors":"Chuanzhou Zhu, Peter J. Ehlers, Hendra I. Nurdin, Daniel Soh","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01144-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01144-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01130-w
Abhikbrata Sarkar, Pratik Chowdhury, Xuedong Hu, Andre Saraiva, A. S. Dzurak, A. R. Hamilton, Rajib Rahman, Dimitrie Culcer
{"title":"Effect of disorder and strain on the operation of planar Ge hole spin qubits","authors":"Abhikbrata Sarkar, Pratik Chowdhury, Xuedong Hu, Andre Saraiva, A. S. Dzurak, A. R. Hamilton, Rajib Rahman, Dimitrie Culcer","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01130-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01130-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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