Nuclear Engineering and Technology最新文献_第2页

Deep learning approaches for high-resolution wind data enhancement around a nuclear power plant 核电站周围高分辨率风力数据增强的深度学习方法

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104186

Dakyoung Lee, Juryong Park, Eung Soo Kim

When radioactive materials are released near nuclear power plants, local wind fields control the dispersion path and concentration distribution. In Korea, complex terrain, sea–land breezes, and seasonal variability amplify prediction uncertainty, underscoring the need for high-resolution wind data. This study proposes and validates a framework that combines physics-based Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) modeling with deep learning to generate high-resolution winds while lowering computational cost. We employ a Transformer-based Uformer trained on WRF-generated datasets to perform super-resolution of wind fields, addressing the limitations of simple interpolation. To curb storage and data processing burdens from finer grids, we apply Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for compact, low-loss compression. The super-resolved winds are coupled to a Lagrangian Patricle Dispersion Model (LPDM) to assess dispersion sensitivity and evaluate Uformer fidelity and SVD effectiveness. Experiments show horizontal resolution improved from 1.5 km to 300 m, capturing local flows dominating near-field transport. With SVD, data volume decreases by ∼32% with negligible reconstruction error (

1.2 \times 10^{- 6})

, enabling faster storage and reuse. Overall, the pipeline delivers high-resolution winds more quickly and efficiently than physical modeling, strengthening atmospheric dispersion predictions in complex meteorology typical of Korean nuclear power plant regions and enhancing the timeliness of radiological emergency decision support.

当放射性物质在核电站附近释放时，当地的风场控制着放射性物质的扩散路径和浓度分布。在韩国，复杂的地形、海陆风和季节变化放大了预测的不确定性，强调了对高分辨率风数据的需求。本研究提出并验证了一个框架，该框架将基于物理的天气研究与预报（WRF）建模与深度学习相结合，在降低计算成本的同时生成高分辨率的风。我们使用基于变压器的Uformer训练了wrf生成的数据集来执行风场的超分辨率，解决了简单插值的局限性。为了减少更细网格的存储和数据处理负担，我们应用奇异值分解（SVD）进行紧凑、低损耗的压缩。将超分辨风与拉格朗日粒子色散模型（LPDM）耦合，以评估色散敏感性、Uformer保真度和SVD有效性。实验表明，水平分辨率从1.5 km提高到300 m，捕捉主导近场输送的局地气流。使用SVD，数据量减少了~ 32%，重构误差可以忽略不计（1.2×10−6），从而实现更快的存储和重用。总体而言，该管道比物理建模更快、更有效地提供高分辨率风，加强了韩国核电站地区典型的复杂气象中的大气扩散预测，并提高了辐射应急决策支持的及时性。

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引用次数: 0

Proton beam profile measurements and fluence rate monitoring of the associated proton experimental platform at CSNS CSNS质子实验平台的质子束剖面测量和通量率监测

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104177

Qiang Li , Hantao Jing , Yongji Yu , Tao Yu , Zhihong Xu , Zhixin Tan

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) has built an Associated Proton Experimental Platform (APEP) at the end of its linear accelerator, playing an important role in space device radiation testing, detector calibration, material radiation research, and other applications. The proton beam profile and real-time fluence rate are crucial parameters for experiments conducted at APEP, making their measurement and monitoring essential. In this paper, we systematically measured and analyzed the beam spot profiles of multiple standard beam modes of the APEP, ranging from 10 × 10 mm² to 50 × 50 mm², using an Al₂O₃ (Cr) scintillating screen and a camera. The variation of beam profile uniformity with proton energy was also investigated. To meet the requirements of high-precision experiments such as single-event effects, a Secondary Electron Emission Monitor (SEEM) was developed for real-time monitoring of the proton beam fluence rate, covering the application range of 1.2 × 10⁷ to 4.0 × 10⁹ cm⁻² s⁻¹. It was verified that the monitoring data exhibits a good linear relationship with the fluence rate at the same proton energy. These measurements serve as an important foundation for experiments on APEP, providing necessary key data for various experimental studies.

中国散裂中子源（CSNS）在其直线加速器末端建立了关联质子实验平台（APEP），在空间设备辐射检测、探测器校准、材料辐射研究等应用中发挥了重要作用。质子束剖面和实时通量率是在APEP进行实验的关键参数，使其测量和监测必不可少。在本文中，我们系统地测量和分析了APEP在10 × 10 mm2到50 × 50 mm2的多种标准光束模式下的光束光斑分布，使用Al2O3 （Cr）闪烁屏和相机。研究了光束轮廓均匀性随质子能量的变化规律。为了满足单事件效应等高精度实验的要求，研制了用于实时监测质子束通量的二次电子发射监测仪（SEEM），其应用范围为1.2 × 107 ~ 4.0 × 109 cm−2 s−1。验证了监测数据与相同质子能量下的通量呈良好的线性关系。这些测量是APEP实验的重要基础，为各种实验研究提供了必要的关键数据。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative analysis of grid geometry effects on spatial harmonic imaging–based single-grid phase-contrast X-ray imaging 网格几何对基于空间谐波成像的单网格相衬x射线成像影响的定量分析

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104179

Seohee Han, Hyunwoo Lim, Jonghyeok Lee, Hyosung Cho

Single-grid phase-contrast X-ray imaging (SG-PCXI) enables simultaneous reconstruction of absorption, phase-contrast, and dark-field images from a single exposure using spatial harmonic imaging (SHI). Although the geometry of X-ray absorbing grids is known to influence imaging performance, its quantitative impact on SHI-based SG-PCXI has not been systematically characterized. This study investigates how the duty cycle (DC) and strip height of a grid affect fringe modulation, harmonic separation, and the resulting phase and dark-field sensitivity. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the GATE 9.0 platform under controlled conditions (1 μm focal spot size and 10 μm detector pixel size). Increasing the DC from 0.16 to 0.66 improved grid visibility (GV) from 0.25 to 0.91 and the harmonic peak ratio (HPR) from 0.11 to 0.73. Increasing the strip height from 1.5 to 24.1 μm similarly raised GV from 0.09 to 0.91 and the HPR from 0.04 to 0.73. These changes resulted in a substantial increase in the edge signal-to-noise ratio (ESNR), from 5.4 to 32.6, with clearer edge definition in differential phase-contrast images and increased contrast in dark-field images. This work elucidates fundamental relationships between grid geometry, fringe modulation, and SHI performance, providing a quantitative basis for understanding design trade-offs in laboratory-scale SG-PCXI.

单栅格相衬x射线成像（SG-PCXI）能够利用空间谐波成像（SHI）从单次曝光同时重建吸收、相衬和暗场图像。虽然已知x射线吸收网格的几何形状会影响成像性能，但其对基于shi的SG-PCXI的定量影响尚未系统表征。本研究探讨了电网的占空比（DC）和条带高度如何影响条纹调制、谐波分离以及由此产生的相位和暗场灵敏度。在控制条件下（1 μm焦斑尺寸和10 μm探测器像素尺寸），利用GATE 9.0平台进行蒙特卡罗模拟。将直流电压从0.16提高到0.66，电网可见度（GV）从0.25提高到0.91，谐波峰值比（HPR）从0.11提高到0.73。当条带高度从1.5 μm增加到24.1 μm时，GV从0.09提高到0.91，HPR从0.04提高到0.73。这些变化导致边缘信噪比（ESNR）大幅提高，从5.4提高到32.6，差相对比图像的边缘清晰度更清晰，暗场图像的对比度更高。这项工作阐明了网格几何形状、条纹调制和SHI性能之间的基本关系，为理解实验室规模的SG-PCXI的设计权衡提供了定量基础。

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引用次数: 0

Green innovation fuels nuclear energy development in times of external tensions and security challenges 在外部紧张和安全挑战的背景下，绿色创新推动核能发展

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104181

Zeenat Zia , Ruoyu Zhong , Fei Meng , Muhammad Waqas Akbar

Nuclear energy is a low-carbon and reliable source of energy that can replace conventional fossil fuels and contribute to sustainable development. However, the production of nuclear energy requires special technology and skills, and its safe operation is also a matter of concern. Given its significance, several studies have investigated the determinants of nuclear energy production; however, none of the past studies have estimated the influence of external conflicts and green innovation on nuclear energy production. The study employs the method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) estimation approach. The results indicate that external conflict significantly hinders nuclear energy production at all quantiles, whereas green innovation significantly enhances nuclear energy production at all levels. Nonetheless, globalization is crucial in augmenting nuclear energy output across all quantiles. The findings suggest that governments should prioritize green innovation–oriented R&D policies and stimulate nuclear energy investment.

核能是一种低碳、可靠的能源，可以替代传统化石燃料，促进可持续发展。然而，核能的生产需要特殊的技术和技能，其安全运行也是一个值得关注的问题。鉴于其重要性，若干研究调查了核能生产的决定因素；然而，以往的研究都没有评估外部冲突和绿色创新对核能生产的影响。本研究采用矩分位数回归（MMQR）估计方法。结果表明，外部冲突显著阻碍了各分位数的核能生产，而绿色创新显著促进了各分位数的核能生产。尽管如此，全球化对于提高所有地区的核能产量至关重要。研究结果表明，政府应优先考虑以绿色创新为导向的研发政策，并刺激核能投资。

引用次数: 0

From vulnerability to robustness: Radiation-hard isolation for BPR-enabled stacked nanosheet CFETs 从脆弱性到健壮性：bpr启用的堆叠纳米片cfet的抗辐射隔离

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2025.104104

Dongwook Kim , Hanggyo Jung , Jimyeong Lee , Seungkyu Kim , Jongwook Jeon

The integration of Buried Power Rail (BPR) and Complementary FET (CFET) technologies is a promising way to improve power efficiency and circuit density in advanced logic devices. However, the radiation reliability of BPR-integrated logic and memory circuits remains insufficiently explored. For the first time, we provide a quantitative analysis of Single Event Effects (SEE) in BPR-integrated Si-CFET structures using semiconductor device- and circuit-level simulator. Simulation results show that the BPR structure increases the local electric field intensity by approximately 20.2 % compared to the conventional Front Power Rail (FPR), leading to extended charge collection paths and transient current densities up to 41.5 % higher under identical irradiation conditions. Moreover, mixed-mode simulations of SRAM latch circuits indicate that bit-flips can occur at Linear Energy Transfer (LET) levels as low as 1–2 MeV cm²/mg, indicating significant vulnerability under low-voltage operation. To address this, structural mitigation strategies—such as Buried Dielectric Isolation and Backside Contact—are proposed to increase the threshold LET margin to 34 MeV cm²/mg, representing a 17-fold improvement, without degrading device performance. These results offer critical design insights for enhancing radiation robustness in ultra-scaled logic and memory architectures using BPR integration.

埋地电源轨（BPR）和互补场效应管（CFET）技术的集成是提高先进逻辑器件功率效率和电路密度的一种很有前途的方法。然而，bpr集成逻辑和存储电路的辐射可靠性仍然没有得到充分的探索。本文首次利用半导体器件级和电路级模拟器对bpr集成Si-CFET结构中的单事件效应（SEE）进行了定量分析。仿真结果表明，与传统的前电源轨（FPR）相比，BPR结构的局部电场强度提高了约20.2%，在相同的辐照条件下，电荷收集路径延长，瞬态电流密度提高了41.5%。此外，SRAM锁存电路的混合模式模拟表明，在低至1-2 MeV cm2/mg的线性能量传递（LET）水平下，位翻转可能发生，表明在低压工作下存在明显的脆弱性。为了解决这一问题，研究人员提出了结构缓解策略，如埋藏介质隔离和背面接触，以将阈值LET裕度提高到34 MeV cm2/mg，在不降低器件性能的情况下，提高了17倍。这些结果为使用BPR集成来增强超大规模逻辑和存储架构的辐射鲁棒性提供了关键的设计见解。

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引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of tungsten coded-aperture masks with different tungsten material densities for a miniature gamma camera 小型伽玛相机不同钨材料密度钨编码孔径掩模性能评价

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104119

Seungho Lee, Manhee Jeong

This study presents a material-density engineering approach to further miniaturize gamma-ray imaging systems for unmanned platforms with strict payload limitations. Three coded-aperture masks were fabricated with identical geometry but different densities: pure tungsten (19.3 g/cm³) and tungsten filament composites (7.8 g/cm³ and 4.0 g/cm³). These masks were integrated into a miniature gamma camera and systematically evaluated in terms of spectroscopic and imaging performance, with results benchmarked against the commercial Energetic Particle Sensor for the Identification and Localization of Originating Nuclei-Gamma (EPSILON-G) system. Spectroscopic tests with a ¹³⁷Cs source demonstrated an energy resolution of 6.35 %, representing an improvement of about 2 % compared with EPSILON-G, along with favorable peak-to-Compton ratio (PCR) and peak-to-Valley ratio (PVR) values. Imaging results showed that lower mask density generally reduced field of view, angular resolution, and sensitivity. However, the 7.8 g/cm³ tungsten filament mask achieved the optimal balance, yielding 5.6° angular resolution and sensitivity 2–3 times higher than EPSILON-G. Notably, EPSILON-G required up to 150 s for image reconstruction under the same dose-rate conditions, whereas the miniature system localized sources more rapidly due to additional shielding suppressing background radiation. The 7.8 g/cm³ mask reduced weight by 57 % relative to pure tungsten, and the complete miniature gamma camera weighed only ∼700 g, underscoring its suitability for unmanned deployment.

该研究提出了一种材料密度工程方法，以进一步小型化具有严格有效载荷限制的无人平台的伽马射线成像系统。三种编码孔径掩模具有相同的几何形状，但密度不同：纯钨（19.3 g/cm3）和钨丝复合材料（7.8 g/cm3和4.0 g/cm3）。这些掩模被集成到一个微型伽马相机中，并在光谱和成像性能方面进行了系统评估，结果与商用高能粒子传感器（EPSILON-G）系统进行了基准测试，用于识别和定位原始核伽马（EPSILON-G）系统。137Cs光源的光谱测试表明，能量分辨率为6.35%，与EPSILON-G相比提高了约2%，同时具有良好的峰谷比（PVR）和峰康普顿比（PCR）值。成像结果表明，较低的掩模密度通常会降低视场、角分辨率和灵敏度。然而，7.8 g/cm3的钨丝掩膜达到了最佳平衡，产生5.6°角分辨率和灵敏度比EPSILON-G高2-3倍。值得注意的是，在相同剂量率条件下，EPSILON-G需要长达150秒的图像重建，而微型系统由于额外的屏蔽抑制背景辐射，可以更快地定位源。与纯钨相比，7.8 g/cm3的掩模重量减轻了57%，完整的微型伽马相机重量仅为~ 700 g，强调了其无人部署的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of DICE and MELCOR for dynamic event tree analysis: Case study for RCS failure phenomena 基于DICE和MELCOR的动态事件树分析：RCS故障现象的案例研究

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104115

Dohun Kwon, Gyunyoung Heo

Dynamic Event Tree Analysis enhances NPP safety assessment by systematically introducing stochastic variability into deterministic simulations and explicitly representing operator actions, system availability, and temporal dependencies. Following the Fukushima accident, the importance of severe accident risk evaluation has grown, and in South Korea, Level 2 PSA is closely tied to safety objectives such as the LERF and Cs-137 release frequency. Physics-based codes such as MELCOR are widely used to support these analyses, yet their efficient integration with dynamic tools remains challenging.

This study presents a practical methodology for coupling the DICE platform with MELCOR 2.x using the Analytic Control Function (ACF). Unlike traditional external interfaces, ACF enables direct, bidirectional communication, reducing data-transfer overhead and improving scalability for large simulations. The coupled DICE–MELCOR framework automates scenario generation while capturing operator response times, system availability, and thermal-hydraulic behavior. A station blackout case study in a two-loop PWR demonstrates that the approach explicitly represents uncertainty and yields more realistic insights into accident progression.

The results show that ACF-based integration enhances Level 2 PSA fidelity by enabling scenario exploration that better reflects plant dynamics and operator interactions. This methodology provides a robust foundation for reevaluating severe accident management strategies and supporting regulatory safety goals.

动态事件树分析通过系统地将随机变异性引入确定性模拟，并明确表示操作员行为、系统可用性和时间依赖性，增强了核电站安全评估。福岛核事故发生后，严重事故风险评估的重要性不断提高，在韩国，二级PSA与安全目标密切相关，如LERF和Cs-137释放频率。基于物理的代码（如MELCOR）被广泛用于支持这些分析，但它们与动态工具的有效集成仍然具有挑战性。本研究提出了一种将DICE平台与MELCOR 2相结合的实用方法。x使用分析控制函数（ACF）。与传统的外部接口不同，ACF支持直接的双向通信，减少了数据传输开销，提高了大型模拟的可扩展性。耦合的DICE-MELCOR框架可以自动生成场景，同时捕获操作人员的响应时间、系统可用性和热液行为。一个双环压水堆的停电案例研究表明，该方法明确地代表了不确定性，并对事故进展产生了更现实的见解。结果表明，基于acf的集成可以通过场景探索更好地反映工厂动态和操作员互动，从而提高2级PSA的保真度。该方法为重新评估严重事故管理策略和支持监管安全目标提供了坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing pressurized-water reactor equilibrium cycle using a novel loading pattern encoding and rule-based genetic crossover operators 利用新型加载模式编码和基于规则的遗传交叉算子优化压水堆平衡循环

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104113

Khang Hoang Nhat Nguyen , Junyung Kim , Nicholas Rollins , Juan C. Luque-Gutierrez , Jason Hou , Svetlana Lawrence , Congjian Wang , Mohammad Abdo

This work presents an extended multibatch approach applied in a shuffling scheme optimization for the pressurized-water reactor equilibrium cycle using genetic algorithms (GAs). A new ruled-based GA crossover operator called inherited location and batch (ILB) was introduced to enhance offsprings reproduction efficiency specialized for the equilibrium cycle optimization problem. This approach was implemented within the Plant ReLoad Optimization (PRLO) framework and validated using a generic reactor model based on the AP1000 design, with core parameters calculated via the CASMO/SIMULATE software package. The ILB approach is then applied for both single- and multi-objective problems in maximizing cycle length and core average exposure while minimizing the average enrichment of the 57 fresh fuel assemblies per cycle. The optimal solutions are selected based on their dominance from all feasible solutions. This research identified three optimal solutions that satisfied safety constraints: the first minimizes feed enrichment costs with a cycle length of 338.8 days and core exposure of 25.39 MWd/MT, the second extends the cycle length to 361.2 days and core exposure of 26.84 MWd/MT using a 3.75 wt% average fuel enrichment, and the third balances both objectives with a cycle length of 349.6 days and core exposure of 25.82 MWd/MT with a slight enrichment increase compared to the first solution. Collectively, these findings underscore the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving practical multiobjective optimal equilibrium cycle designs using GAs optimizer.

本文提出了一种扩展的多批方法，应用于利用遗传算法优化压水堆平衡循环的洗牌方案。针对平衡周期优化问题，提出了一种新的基于规则的遗传交叉算子ILB，以提高后代的繁殖效率。该方法在电厂重新装载优化（PRLO）框架内实现，并使用基于AP1000设计的通用反应堆模型进行验证，并通过CASMO/ simulation软件包计算核心参数。然后将ILB方法应用于单目标和多目标问题，即最大化循环长度和堆芯平均暴露，同时最小化每个循环57个新燃料组件的平均富集。根据最优解在所有可行解中的优势度选择最优解。本研究确定了满足安全约束的三种最佳解决方案：第一种方案将饲料浓缩成本降至最低，周期长度为338.8天，堆芯暴露量为25.39 MWd/MT；第二种方案将周期长度延长至361.2天，堆芯暴露量为26.84 MWd/MT，平均燃料富集量为3.75%；第三种方案平衡了两个目标，周期长度为349.6天，堆芯暴露量为25.82 MWd/MT，与第一种方案相比，浓缩量略有增加。总的来说，这些发现强调了所提出的方法在使用GAs优化器实现实际多目标最优平衡循环设计方面的效率和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Small modular reactors (SMRs): Comparison of saturated versus superheated steam Rankine cycle under equal thermodynamic constraints 小型模块化反应堆（SMRs）：在相同热力学约束下饱和与过热蒸汽朗肯循环的比较

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104161

Gyudong Kim, Yong Jae Chae, Takhyun Chun, Jeong Ik Lee

With part-load operation is increasingly becoming important issue for small modular reactors (SMRs), two secondary Rankine cycles for a 500 MWth pressurized-water-reactor small modular reactor were compared under identical thermodynamic constraints: a saturated-steam cycle with a U-tube steam generator and a superheated-steam cycle with a once-through steam generator were designed under identical primary-side conditions and the same steam-generator pinch-point temperature difference. Moreover, feedwater heaters satisfied fixed terminal temperature difference and drain-cooler approach limits. Part-load performance (25–100 %) was evaluated using the Stodola-based off-design turbine model with wet-steam penalties and steam-generator pressure/temperature programs consistent with each generator type (i.e., constant-average-temperature for the U-tube steam generator; constant-secondary-pressure for the once-through steam generator). High-pressure turbine pressure ratio and the split between reheater bypass and third feedwater-heater extraction were optimized for maximizing net efficiency. Equipment sizing was assessed via total heat-transfer coefficient–area product. Both cycles achieved similar peak net efficiency. The superheated-steam cycle required lower steam mass flow and smaller total heat-transfer coefficient–area product (i.e., UA), indicating a compact power-conversion system. The saturated-steam cycle was slightly superior at full load, whereas the superheated-steam cycle maintained higher efficiency and smaller reheater and extraction-flow variations at part load. These results provide a constraint-matched benchmark for small modular reactor power conversion systems prioritizing compactness and part-load robustness.

随着部分负荷运行日益成为小型模块化反应堆（SMRs）的重要问题，在相同的热力学约束条件下，对500 m压水堆小型模块化反应堆的两个二次朗肯循环进行了比较：在相同的主侧条件和相同的蒸汽发生器点温差下，设计了带u型管蒸汽发生器的饱和蒸汽循环和带一次性蒸汽发生器的过热蒸汽循环。此外，给水加热器满足固定终端温差和排水冷却器接近限制。部分负荷性能（25 - 100%）使用基于stodola的非设计涡轮模型进行评估，该模型具有湿蒸汽惩罚和与每种发生器类型一致的蒸汽发生器压力/温度程序（即u型管蒸汽发生器的平均温度恒定，一次性蒸汽发生器的二次压力恒定）。优化了高压涡轮压比和再热器旁通与第三给水加热器抽汽的分流，使净效率最大化。通过总传热系数面积积来评估设备尺寸。两个循环都达到了相似的峰值净效率。过热蒸汽循环需要更小的蒸汽质量流量和更小的总传热系数-面积积（即UA），表明功率转换系统紧凑。饱和蒸汽循环在满负荷时效率略高，而过热蒸汽循环在部分负荷时效率较高，再热器和抽提流量变化较小。这些结果为优先考虑紧凑性和部分负载鲁棒性的小型模块化反应堆功率转换系统提供了约束匹配基准。

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引用次数: 0

Improving the detection efficiency of IRan ANtineutrino Detector (IRAND) based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) 基于卷积神经网络（CNN）提高伊朗反中微子探测器（IRAND）的检测效率

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2026.104118

Mahdieh Sadat Mousavi, Faezeh Rahmani

Discriminating reactor electron antineutrino from the cosmic muon is a fundamental challenge in antineutrino detection using Inverse Beta Decay (IBD) interaction in scintillator-based detectors. This study introduces an innovative approach by employing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in the IRAND-Sim-02 simulation package to distinguish between muon and antineutrino in the IRAND (a 10 × 10 array of segmented plastic scintillator IRan ANtineutrino Detector) for improving IRAND's performance. A training dataset was generated using Geant4 via the IRAND-Sim-02 package (analytical images-Temporal Probability Density, Time vs. Photocathode ID, and photocathode activation topology-to encode the spatiotemporal patterns of the events). For model evaluation, an independent test dataset, reflecting the true antineutrino-to-cosmic-muon ratio, was automatically produced by establishing a real-time Geant4-Python TCP socket connection. The overall accuracy of 99.97 % by CNN model demonstrates the precise event classification. Compared with traditional machine learning approaches, such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Decision Tree models, the proposed CNN demonstrates greater reliability in distinguishing IBD events from cosmic muon backgrounds, particularly under class imbalance conditions, which highlights the considerable potential of our method for improving nuclear reactor monitoring and represent a significant advancement in the application of deep learning to fundamental particle detection.

区分反应堆电子反中微子和宇宙介子是利用反比衰变（IBD）相互作用在闪烁体探测器中进行反中微子探测的一个基本挑战。本研究引入了一种创新的方法，通过在IRAND- sim -02仿真包中使用卷积神经网络（CNN）来区分IRAND（一个10 × 10阵列分段塑料闪烁体伊朗反中微子探测器）中的μ子和反中微子，以提高IRAND的性能。通过IRAND-Sim-02包使用Geant4生成训练数据集（分析图像-时间概率密度，时间与光电阴极ID，光电阴极激活拓扑-编码事件的时空模式）。为了对模型进行评估，通过建立实时的Geant4-Python TCP套接字连接，自动生成了一个独立的测试数据集，反映了真实的反中微子与宇宙介子的比率。CNN模型的总体准确率达到99.97%，表明了事件分类的准确性。与传统的机器学习方法（如人工神经网络（ANN）和决策树模型）相比，本文提出的CNN在区分IBD事件和宇宙μ子背景方面具有更高的可靠性，特别是在类不平衡条件下，这凸显了我们的方法在改进核反应堆监测方面的巨大潜力，并代表了深度学习在基本粒子检测方面的重大进步。

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