Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505808
S. Winberg, L. Mohapi, S. Murray
This paper concerns the development of a real-time, reconfigurable hardware triggering system that aims to facilitate setting up and capturing of data from nuclear physics experiment done at iThemba LABS in South Africa. This system replaces an analogue triggering system that involved time-consuming configuration tasks of Nuclear Instrumentation Module (NIM) circuitry. The new system is a model-integrated computing solution built on Scilab, and provides a means to translate a visual configuration model into code to program a FPGA-based reconfigurable hardware platform. This reconfigurable platform replaces many connections and components of the old system that had to be wired-up manually for experiments. A comparative test of the old and new systems was done, including analysis of safe-timing operation. The new system has a number of advantages, in particular: saving time in setting up experiments, a facility to timeshare expensive NIM electronics, and reducing wear and tear on equipment. But the testing also showed difficulties with the new system, such as longer latencies and jitter compared to the old system. Solutions for these problems are reviewed; but further work is needed to improve responsiveness and scalability of the new system to make it applicable to a wider range of the experiments done at iThemba LABS.
{"title":"Accelerating nuclear physics experiments using a model-integrated triggering system","authors":"S. Winberg, L. Mohapi, S. Murray","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505808","url":null,"abstract":"This paper concerns the development of a real-time, reconfigurable hardware triggering system that aims to facilitate setting up and capturing of data from nuclear physics experiment done at iThemba LABS in South Africa. This system replaces an analogue triggering system that involved time-consuming configuration tasks of Nuclear Instrumentation Module (NIM) circuitry. The new system is a model-integrated computing solution built on Scilab, and provides a means to translate a visual configuration model into code to program a FPGA-based reconfigurable hardware platform. This reconfigurable platform replaces many connections and components of the old system that had to be wired-up manually for experiments. A comparative test of the old and new systems was done, including analysis of safe-timing operation. The new system has a number of advantages, in particular: saving time in setting up experiments, a facility to timeshare expensive NIM electronics, and reducing wear and tear on equipment. But the testing also showed difficulties with the new system, such as longer latencies and jitter compared to the old system. Solutions for these problems are reviewed; but further work is needed to improve responsiveness and scalability of the new system to make it applicable to a wider range of the experiments done at iThemba LABS.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115139457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505970
S. Gerber, R.-J. Wang
This paper presents a comparison of the torque capability of two PM machines with integrated magnetic gears for low speed, high torque applications. The machines are also compared against a more conventional fractional-slot PM machine to evaluate the benefits of the geared machines. The comparison is based on the optimal torque per active mass that could be achieved within a given volume. The machines are optimized using 2D finite element (FE) analysis and the optimal designs are further evaluated using 3D FE analysis. For the geared machines, an optimization procedure is employed which ensures that the gear and stator parts are well matched.
{"title":"Torque capability comparison of two magnetically geared PM machine topologies","authors":"S. Gerber, R.-J. Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505970","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparison of the torque capability of two PM machines with integrated magnetic gears for low speed, high torque applications. The machines are also compared against a more conventional fractional-slot PM machine to evaluate the benefits of the geared machines. The comparison is based on the optimal torque per active mass that could be achieved within a given volume. The machines are optimized using 2D finite element (FE) analysis and the optimal designs are further evaluated using 3D FE analysis. For the geared machines, an optimization procedure is employed which ensures that the gear and stator parts are well matched.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116646649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505809
A. Raikwar, A. Mishra, D. B. Jayendra
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) is a high speed serial link standard which connects the radio equipment control(REC) and the radio equipments(RE) in a radio base station. The layer 1 (L1) Inband Protocol in CPRI defines the signalling information that is directly transported by the physical layer. This protocol is required for the L1 link maintenance, exchanging the time critical signalling of the user data and for the system startup of the link. The L1 Inband protocol transfers the reset notifications between the nodes on the CPRI link along with the other control information viz; protocol version, Control & Management (C&M) start-up information and pointers to C&M data. The physical layer of the CPRI is designed in such a way that a very low bit error ratio is achievable without using any of the expensive forward error correction(FEC) techniques. However, reset being very critical signal CPRI defines its own protection mechanism for reset control bit to be implemented in layer 1 of the CPRI protocol. This paper analyses the reset detection and protection requirements of the CPRI standard. The paper presents the possible software approaches and novel hardware implementation techniques for L1 Inband reset detection and protection in CPRI. This paper also analyses the different techniques and sets recommendations for these implementation techniques.
CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface)是一种高速串行链路标准，用于连接无线基站中的无线电设备控制(REC)和无线电设备(RE)。CPRI中的第一层(L1)带内协议(Inband Protocol)定义了由物理层直接传输的信令信息。该协议用于L1链路的维护、交换用户数据的时间关键信令以及链路的系统启动。L1带内协议在CPRI链路上的节点之间传输复位通知以及其他控制信息;协议版本，控制与管理(C&M)启动信息和指向C&M数据的指针。CPRI的物理层是这样设计的，在不使用任何昂贵的前向纠错(FEC)技术的情况下，可以实现非常低的误码率。然而，复位是一个非常关键的信号，CPRI定义了自己的复位控制位保护机制，在CPRI协议的第一层实现。分析了CPRI标准的复位检测和保护要求。本文介绍了CPRI中L1带内复位检测和保护的可能的软件方法和新的硬件实现技术。本文还分析了不同的技术，并对这些实现技术提出了建议。
{"title":"Analysis and implementation techniques of L1 Inband reset in Common Public Radio Interface","authors":"A. Raikwar, A. Mishra, D. B. Jayendra","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505809","url":null,"abstract":"Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) is a high speed serial link standard which connects the radio equipment control(REC) and the radio equipments(RE) in a radio base station. The layer 1 (L1) Inband Protocol in CPRI defines the signalling information that is directly transported by the physical layer. This protocol is required for the L1 link maintenance, exchanging the time critical signalling of the user data and for the system startup of the link. The L1 Inband protocol transfers the reset notifications between the nodes on the CPRI link along with the other control information viz; protocol version, Control & Management (C&M) start-up information and pointers to C&M data. The physical layer of the CPRI is designed in such a way that a very low bit error ratio is achievable without using any of the expensive forward error correction(FEC) techniques. However, reset being very critical signal CPRI defines its own protection mechanism for reset control bit to be implemented in layer 1 of the CPRI protocol. This paper analyses the reset detection and protection requirements of the CPRI standard. The paper presents the possible software approaches and novel hardware implementation techniques for L1 Inband reset detection and protection in CPRI. This paper also analyses the different techniques and sets recommendations for these implementation techniques.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116960696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505726
M. Neath, U. Madawala, D. Thrimawithana
Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems are high order resonant circuits and require relatively sophisticated control strategies to regulate the power flow. The control of multi-pick-up IPT systems is more challenging as the order and complexity of the system increase with number of pick-ups. This paper proposes a new controller to regulate the power flow in both directions in multi-pick-up bidirectional IPT systems. The proposed controller utilises frequency jitter to control the power flow. The controller enables operation at tuned frequency over the entire load range, minimising the VA ratings of converters and eliminating the need for any direct communication. The validity of the jitter control concept is demonstrated through simulated results of a 4 kW bidirectional IPT system with 3 pick-ups (loads).
{"title":"Frequency jitter control of a multiple pick-up Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer system","authors":"M. Neath, U. Madawala, D. Thrimawithana","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505726","url":null,"abstract":"Bidirectional Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems are high order resonant circuits and require relatively sophisticated control strategies to regulate the power flow. The control of multi-pick-up IPT systems is more challenging as the order and complexity of the system increase with number of pick-ups. This paper proposes a new controller to regulate the power flow in both directions in multi-pick-up bidirectional IPT systems. The proposed controller utilises frequency jitter to control the power flow. The controller enables operation at tuned frequency over the entire load range, minimising the VA ratings of converters and eliminating the need for any direct communication. The validity of the jitter control concept is demonstrated through simulated results of a 4 kW bidirectional IPT system with 3 pick-ups (loads).","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117207376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505855
V. Smirnov, V. Plyusnin, G. Mirzaeva
Mechanisms with parallel kinematics are receiving growing attention in industrial applications including flexible machine tools, due to superior positioning and faster performance as compared to series kinematic schemes. In addition to a precise contour forming by a PKM-based machine, its redundant degrees of freedom (DOFs) can be used to improve its energy efficiency. A new approach of tool trajectory planning is proposed in this paper which utilizes redundant DOFs to so position the tool relative to the workpiece during the contour forming that non-regenerative drives involved in the cutting process primarily stay in motoring mode. This excludes energy losses on nonregenerative breaking and significantly improves energy efficiency of milling operation. As the proposed approach reduces the order of the optimization problem, its solution included in the paper is obtained partially analytically and partially numerically. The solution is independent of inaccuracies of dynamic modeling and ensures high accuracy contour forming and stable drive operation. The paper findings are supported by experimental results obtained with the help of an industrial PKM-based machine KIM-1000.
{"title":"Energy efficient trajectories of industrial machine tools with parallel kinematics","authors":"V. Smirnov, V. Plyusnin, G. Mirzaeva","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505855","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms with parallel kinematics are receiving growing attention in industrial applications including flexible machine tools, due to superior positioning and faster performance as compared to series kinematic schemes. In addition to a precise contour forming by a PKM-based machine, its redundant degrees of freedom (DOFs) can be used to improve its energy efficiency. A new approach of tool trajectory planning is proposed in this paper which utilizes redundant DOFs to so position the tool relative to the workpiece during the contour forming that non-regenerative drives involved in the cutting process primarily stay in motoring mode. This excludes energy losses on nonregenerative breaking and significantly improves energy efficiency of milling operation. As the proposed approach reduces the order of the optimization problem, its solution included in the paper is obtained partially analytically and partially numerically. The solution is independent of inaccuracies of dynamic modeling and ensures high accuracy contour forming and stable drive operation. The paper findings are supported by experimental results obtained with the help of an industrial PKM-based machine KIM-1000.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123802024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505745
A. D. de Beer, G. Wooding, J. D. van Wyk
In this paper it is shown that conducted interference from a power converter differs when measured with and without a Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN). This is problematic as the true Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) of a converter is therefore difficult to characterize. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed showing to the influence of a LISN on measurements.
{"title":"Problematic aspects when using a LISN for converter EMI characterisation","authors":"A. D. de Beer, G. Wooding, J. D. van Wyk","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505745","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper it is shown that conducted interference from a power converter differs when measured with and without a Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN). This is problematic as the true Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) of a converter is therefore difficult to characterize. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed showing to the influence of a LISN on measurements.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115256698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505668
M. K. Bera, B. Bandyopadhyay, A. Paul
This paper presents the control of a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) system using one of the higher order sliding mode control algorithms, the super twisting controller, which is a continuous control and a superior control with its extreme robustness property. A nonlinear multi input multi output (MIMO) system model has been considered here for the design of the super-twisting controllers. The control inputs chosen are, the open circuit voltage and the wire feed speed which are used to control the current and arc length of the system. The performance analysis of the controllers are studied in the presence of wide variations of model parameter uncertainties. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the controller used.
{"title":"Robust nonlinear control of GMAW systems-a higher order sliding mode approach","authors":"M. K. Bera, B. Bandyopadhyay, A. Paul","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505668","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the control of a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) system using one of the higher order sliding mode control algorithms, the super twisting controller, which is a continuous control and a superior control with its extreme robustness property. A nonlinear multi input multi output (MIMO) system model has been considered here for the design of the super-twisting controllers. The control inputs chosen are, the open circuit voltage and the wire feed speed which are used to control the current and arc length of the system. The performance analysis of the controllers are studied in the presence of wide variations of model parameter uncertainties. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the controller used.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122640941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505695
A. Sorgdrager, A. Grobler
When designing the rotor of a radial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), one key part is the sizing of the permanent magnets (PM) in the rotor to produce the required air-gap flux density. This paper focuses on the effect that different coefficients have on the air-gap flux density of four radial flux PMSM rotor topologies. A direct connection is shown between magnet volume and flux producing magnet area with the aid of static finite element model simulations of the four rotor topologies. With this knowledge, the calculation of the flux producing magnet area can be done with ease once the minimum magnet volume has been determined. This technique can also be applied in the design of line-start PMSM rotors where the rotor area is limited.
{"title":"Influence of magnet size and rotor topology on the air-gap flux density of a radial flux PMSM","authors":"A. Sorgdrager, A. Grobler","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505695","url":null,"abstract":"When designing the rotor of a radial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), one key part is the sizing of the permanent magnets (PM) in the rotor to produce the required air-gap flux density. This paper focuses on the effect that different coefficients have on the air-gap flux density of four radial flux PMSM rotor topologies. A direct connection is shown between magnet volume and flux producing magnet area with the aid of static finite element model simulations of the four rotor topologies. With this knowledge, the calculation of the flux producing magnet area can be done with ease once the minimum magnet volume has been determined. This technique can also be applied in the design of line-start PMSM rotors where the rotor area is limited.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122902445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505938
M. Pandya, M. Aware
The distribution feeders often gets overload under peak power demands. This situation is generally countered by load shading, which leads to financial losses to utilities and individual users. This paper presents the new methodology to support the real and reactive power demand through energy storage (ES) to avoid the load shading situation. The compensation of real / reactive power not only provides the voltage profile improvement but also ensures the sustain power to the consumers. A control scheme incorporated also maintains the unity power factor on source side. This relieves the existing distribution network from the extra reactive loading hence the line is having extra capacity for real power transfer to its maximum thermal limit. This additional capacity availability adds more customer base to justify the energy storage investment. The operational features are presented through a simulation of a realistic urban feeder data. The financial analysis is also presented to justify the energy storages with the distribution networks.
{"title":"Enhancing the distribution feeder capacity through energy storage","authors":"M. Pandya, M. Aware","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505938","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution feeders often gets overload under peak power demands. This situation is generally countered by load shading, which leads to financial losses to utilities and individual users. This paper presents the new methodology to support the real and reactive power demand through energy storage (ES) to avoid the load shading situation. The compensation of real / reactive power not only provides the voltage profile improvement but also ensures the sustain power to the consumers. A control scheme incorporated also maintains the unity power factor on source side. This relieves the existing distribution network from the extra reactive loading hence the line is having extra capacity for real power transfer to its maximum thermal limit. This additional capacity availability adds more customer base to justify the energy storage investment. The operational features are presented through a simulation of a realistic urban feeder data. The financial analysis is also presented to justify the energy storages with the distribution networks.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114484827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505684
F. Demmelmayr, B. Weiss, M. Troyer, M. Schroedl
The costs of rare-earth permanent magnets such as NdFeB increased rapidly in the last few years. Therefore, great attention is paid for alternative magnet materials. This paper compares two permanent magnet synchronous machines using external rotors with different magnet materials - one with NdFeB and the other with much cheaper ferrite magnets. The first section examines the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the ferrite magnets at inappropriate operating points. Furthermore, measurements and some numerical-simulation results contrast characteristics of the machines in terms of no-load voltage, short-circuit behavior, torque output and efficiency. Different magnet materials influence position-sensorless techniques based on anisotropic effects especially for start-up control. The last part of this study compares two methods to estimate the absolute electrical rotor position at standstill. Reliability considerations show their quality at the respective machine.
{"title":"Comparison of PM-machines with ferrite and NdFeB magnets in terms of machine performance and sensorless start-up control","authors":"F. Demmelmayr, B. Weiss, M. Troyer, M. Schroedl","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505684","url":null,"abstract":"The costs of rare-earth permanent magnets such as NdFeB increased rapidly in the last few years. Therefore, great attention is paid for alternative magnet materials. This paper compares two permanent magnet synchronous machines using external rotors with different magnet materials - one with NdFeB and the other with much cheaper ferrite magnets. The first section examines the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the ferrite magnets at inappropriate operating points. Furthermore, measurements and some numerical-simulation results contrast characteristics of the machines in terms of no-load voltage, short-circuit behavior, torque output and efficiency. Different magnet materials influence position-sensorless techniques based on anisotropic effects especially for start-up control. The last part of this study compares two methods to estimate the absolute electrical rotor position at standstill. Reliability considerations show their quality at the respective machine.","PeriodicalId":192784,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122097584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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