Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290388
G. Edelbaher, E. Urlep, M. Ćurković, V. Kranjec
Besides the quality of used parameters also the applied voltage is an important issue in the speed sensorless induction motor control. Information contained in the value of measured rotor speed has to be obtained from other available signals, especially the stator input voltages. However, the actual output voltage of the voltage source inverter differs from the reference value. This influence is especially important in low speed region where the error in calculated flux values might cause not only reduced pull-out torque and additional losses of the machine but also the unstability of the drive system. While one would like to avoid measurement of actual stator voltages because of its complexity and higher cost of the system, additional performance improvement in very low speed region can only be achieved with exact knowledge of voltage. But this can only be obtained by using measurements. The main goal of this paper is to present advantages of stator voltage measurements in low speed region of speed sensorless drives over cost effective solutions using dead time compensated inverter.
{"title":"Low speed performance improvement in sensorless drive using measured stator voltages of PWM voltage source inverter","authors":"G. Edelbaher, E. Urlep, M. Ćurković, V. Kranjec","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290388","url":null,"abstract":"Besides the quality of used parameters also the applied voltage is an important issue in the speed sensorless induction motor control. Information contained in the value of measured rotor speed has to be obtained from other available signals, especially the stator input voltages. However, the actual output voltage of the voltage source inverter differs from the reference value. This influence is especially important in low speed region where the error in calculated flux values might cause not only reduced pull-out torque and additional losses of the machine but also the unstability of the drive system. While one would like to avoid measurement of actual stator voltages because of its complexity and higher cost of the system, additional performance improvement in very low speed region can only be achieved with exact knowledge of voltage. But this can only be obtained by using measurements. The main goal of this paper is to present advantages of stator voltage measurements in low speed region of speed sensorless drives over cost effective solutions using dead time compensated inverter.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115660893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290233
B. Radha, R. King, H. Rughooputh
Distribution systems are critical links between the utility and customer, in which sectionalizing switches are utilized for both protection and configuration management. Usually, distribution systems are designed to be most efficient at peak load demand. Obviously, the network can be made more efficient by reconfiguring it according to the variation in load demand. This paper surveys the methods that have been proposed to solve the network reconfiguration problem and presents an integration of two algorithms: a network-topology-based three-phase distribution power flow algorithm and an algorithm for determining power loss of a radial configuration for a power distribution network. Simulation results of the proposed method on a 22 kV Bramsthan section of the CEB network of Mauritius are presented.
{"title":"Optimal network reconfiguration of electrical distribution systems","authors":"B. Radha, R. King, H. Rughooputh","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290233","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution systems are critical links between the utility and customer, in which sectionalizing switches are utilized for both protection and configuration management. Usually, distribution systems are designed to be most efficient at peak load demand. Obviously, the network can be made more efficient by reconfiguring it according to the variation in load demand. This paper surveys the methods that have been proposed to solve the network reconfiguration problem and presents an integration of two algorithms: a network-topology-based three-phase distribution power flow algorithm and an algorithm for determining power loss of a radial configuration for a power distribution network. Simulation results of the proposed method on a 22 kV Bramsthan section of the CEB network of Mauritius are presented.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290372
E.F. da Silva, E.B. dos Santos, P.C.M. Machado, Marco Aurelio Goncalves de Oliveira
This paper presents a mathematical model that describes the dynamic behaviour of a linear induction motor, divided into two portions. The first part represents the model dynamic of conventional induction motor without the end effects while the second portion describes the attenuation caused by the end effects on the linear induction motor.
{"title":"Dynamic model for linear induction motors","authors":"E.F. da Silva, E.B. dos Santos, P.C.M. Machado, Marco Aurelio Goncalves de Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290372","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a mathematical model that describes the dynamic behaviour of a linear induction motor, divided into two portions. The first part represents the model dynamic of conventional induction motor without the end effects while the second portion describes the attenuation caused by the end effects on the linear induction motor.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126842873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290837
M. Auer, A. Pester, D. Ursuțiu, C. Samoilă
Laboratories are important elements in science, engineering and technical education. They allow the application and testing of theoretical knowledge in practical learning situations. Experimentation and experience-based learning is also performed in many other subject areas, for example in economics where students lead virtual companies and compete on a simulated market. Active learning by means of online laboratories is especially valuable for distance education students and learners in the workplace. They can access the labs without traveling. This flexibility is important for life long learning, because it allows learners in the workplace to fit learning phases into a full work agenda. Using online laboratories has the potential of removing the obstacles of cost, time-inefficient use of facilities, inadequate technical support and limited access to laboratories.
{"title":"Distributed virtual and remote labs in engineering","authors":"M. Auer, A. Pester, D. Ursuțiu, C. Samoilă","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290837","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratories are important elements in science, engineering and technical education. They allow the application and testing of theoretical knowledge in practical learning situations. Experimentation and experience-based learning is also performed in many other subject areas, for example in economics where students lead virtual companies and compete on a simulated market. Active learning by means of online laboratories is especially valuable for distance education students and learners in the workplace. They can access the labs without traveling. This flexibility is important for life long learning, because it allows learners in the workplace to fit learning phases into a full work agenda. Using online laboratories has the potential of removing the obstacles of cost, time-inefficient use of facilities, inadequate technical support and limited access to laboratories.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124313059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290273
D. Golubovic, Huosheng Hu
This paper presents a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (EA) for developing locomotion gaits of Sony legged robots. An online training algorithm is used for generating gaits for quadruped walking robots based on a hybrid approach that changes the probability of genetic operators in respect to the performance of the operator's offspring. The probability of applying an operator changes in proportion to the observed performance of the individuals created by that operator in the course of a run. The selection of EA parameters such as the population size and recombination methods and mutation parameters are made to be flexible and strive towards optimal performance autonomously. An overhead CCD camera is used to evaluate the performance of the generated gaits on-line while the robot is playing a football game. Robot is learning to walk on its own without any human interference.
{"title":"Parameter optimisation of an evolutionary algorithm for on-line gait generation of quadruped robots","authors":"D. Golubovic, Huosheng Hu","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290273","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (EA) for developing locomotion gaits of Sony legged robots. An online training algorithm is used for generating gaits for quadruped walking robots based on a hybrid approach that changes the probability of genetic operators in respect to the performance of the operator's offspring. The probability of applying an operator changes in proportion to the observed performance of the individuals created by that operator in the course of a run. The selection of EA parameters such as the population size and recombination methods and mutation parameters are made to be flexible and strive towards optimal performance autonomously. An overhead CCD camera is used to evaluate the performance of the generated gaits on-line while the robot is playing a football game. Robot is learning to walk on its own without any human interference.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122734663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290746
N. Saga, T. Saikawa
This paper reports the development of a pneumatic artificial muscle based on biomechanical characteristics. A wearable device and a rehabilitation robot which assists a human muscle should have characteristics similar to those of human muscle. In addition, because the wearable device and the rehabilitation robot should be light, an actuator with a high power/weight ratio is needed. At present, the McKibben type is widely used as an artificial muscle, but in fact its physical model is highly nonlinear. Further, the heat and mechanical loss of this actuator are large because of the friction caused by the expansion and contraction of the sleeve. Therefore, the authors have developed an artificial muscle tube in which high strength Kevlar fiber has been built into the silicone tube. However, its contraction rate is smaller than actual biological muscles. In this study, an artificial muscle with a high contraction rate was developed by using natural latex rubber as the tube material. Since the elasticity of this material is smaller than that of silicone, characteristics similar to those of an actual muscle can be expected. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this artificial muscle regarding its fundamental and biomechanical characteristics.
{"title":"Development of a pneumatic artificial muscle based on biomechanical characteristics","authors":"N. Saga, T. Saikawa","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290746","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the development of a pneumatic artificial muscle based on biomechanical characteristics. A wearable device and a rehabilitation robot which assists a human muscle should have characteristics similar to those of human muscle. In addition, because the wearable device and the rehabilitation robot should be light, an actuator with a high power/weight ratio is needed. At present, the McKibben type is widely used as an artificial muscle, but in fact its physical model is highly nonlinear. Further, the heat and mechanical loss of this actuator are large because of the friction caused by the expansion and contraction of the sleeve. Therefore, the authors have developed an artificial muscle tube in which high strength Kevlar fiber has been built into the silicone tube. However, its contraction rate is smaller than actual biological muscles. In this study, an artificial muscle with a high contraction rate was developed by using natural latex rubber as the tube material. Since the elasticity of this material is smaller than that of silicone, characteristics similar to those of an actual muscle can be expected. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this artificial muscle regarding its fundamental and biomechanical characteristics.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122752491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290799
J. Tournier, Jean-Philippe Babau
Modern automotive applications become more and more complex: they are implemented over distributed architectures that include several electronic control units (ECUs) communicating via a local communication network which is event triggered (e.g. CAN, controller area network) or time triggered (e.g. TTCAN, time triggered CAN). These ECUs exchange data or messages in two possible modes: push or pull. A key design issue of such embedded systems is to satisfy a number of QoS constraints such as real-time, dimension, fault tolerance, etc. In this paper, we present a formal evaluation of the communication protocols used in automotive applications (push/pull with CAN/TTCAN). The evaluation is done using three criteria: throughput (dimension constraint), error detection delay (fault tolerance constraint) and information transmission delay (real-time constraint). The objective of this work is to identify, for each communication protocol, different classes of application to help automotive system designers to choose the best protocol able to match the previous set of requirements.
{"title":"Communication protocol evaluation for embedded systems","authors":"J. Tournier, Jean-Philippe Babau","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290799","url":null,"abstract":"Modern automotive applications become more and more complex: they are implemented over distributed architectures that include several electronic control units (ECUs) communicating via a local communication network which is event triggered (e.g. CAN, controller area network) or time triggered (e.g. TTCAN, time triggered CAN). These ECUs exchange data or messages in two possible modes: push or pull. A key design issue of such embedded systems is to satisfy a number of QoS constraints such as real-time, dimension, fault tolerance, etc. In this paper, we present a formal evaluation of the communication protocols used in automotive applications (push/pull with CAN/TTCAN). The evaluation is done using three criteria: throughput (dimension constraint), error detection delay (fault tolerance constraint) and information transmission delay (real-time constraint). The objective of this work is to identify, for each communication protocol, different classes of application to help automotive system designers to choose the best protocol able to match the previous set of requirements.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122047352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290833
R. Weger
This paper presents an improved multi-channel high frequency platform operating at 700 kHz, suitable for server power supplies. It is focused on a new primary regulation loop and very high frequency magnetics for improved efficiency and EMI. In particular the benefits of multiple gapped toroids and the new single layer uniform toroidal transformer are addressed.
{"title":"Resonant converter with current controlled inductances","authors":"R. Weger","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an improved multi-channel high frequency platform operating at 700 kHz, suitable for server power supplies. It is focused on a new primary regulation loop and very high frequency magnetics for improved efficiency and EMI. In particular the benefits of multiple gapped toroids and the new single layer uniform toroidal transformer are addressed.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122145757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290312
Y. Yildiz, K. Abidi, A. Sabanoviç
In this paper we propose a neural network controller, which has a single neuron with a linear activation function, namely adaline, which uses backpropagation algorithm for online training and works as a sliding mode controller which pushes the system to a certain sliding manifold. We prove that the controller is robust to parameter changes and to the uncertainties in the disturbance and the system is always stable with zero steady state error for bounded disturbance. Different from the works done until now, in this work we do not deal with the estimation of the equivalent control but instead, feeding an appropriate error function to the network and using backpropagation, i.e. gradient descent algorithm, we directly calculate the necessary control input. Initially a controller structure is proposed and in the proceeding sections an improved version is added. Simulation results are provided that verifies the success of the algorithm.
{"title":"A novel approach to neuro-sliding mode controllers for systems with unknown dynamics","authors":"Y. Yildiz, K. Abidi, A. Sabanoviç","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290312","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a neural network controller, which has a single neuron with a linear activation function, namely adaline, which uses backpropagation algorithm for online training and works as a sliding mode controller which pushes the system to a certain sliding manifold. We prove that the controller is robust to parameter changes and to the uncertainties in the disturbance and the system is always stable with zero steady state error for bounded disturbance. Different from the works done until now, in this work we do not deal with the estimation of the equivalent control but instead, feeding an appropriate error function to the network and using backpropagation, i.e. gradient descent algorithm, we directly calculate the necessary control input. Initially a controller structure is proposed and in the proceeding sections an improved version is added. Simulation results are provided that verifies the success of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131393580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290231
R. A. Ah King, B. Radha, H. Rughooputh
Distribution network reconfiguration belongs to a complex combinatorial optimization problem with multiple constraints. Solutions produced by heuristic search techniques often produce local optima. To overcome such a problem, a real-parameter genetic algorithm (GA) is used for solving the distribution network reconfiguration problem. Simulation results are presented for three test systems to demonstrate the applicability of the algorithm. Moreover, the effects of load variations on a practical network are also analyzed to determine the optimal configuration.
{"title":"A real-parameter genetic algorithm for optimal network reconfiguration","authors":"R. A. Ah King, B. Radha, H. Rughooputh","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290231","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution network reconfiguration belongs to a complex combinatorial optimization problem with multiple constraints. Solutions produced by heuristic search techniques often produce local optima. To overcome such a problem, a real-parameter genetic algorithm (GA) is used for solving the distribution network reconfiguration problem. Simulation results are presented for three test systems to demonstrate the applicability of the algorithm. Moreover, the effects of load variations on a practical network are also analyzed to determine the optimal configuration.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126339776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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