Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290757
D. Omrcen, B. Nemec, L. Žlajpah
The paper deals with obstacle avoidance for a mobile manipulator. Mobile manipulator consists of a velocity controlled mobile platform and a torque controlled robot manipulator. Therefore combined torque-velocity control is used. In spite of a combined control the system maintains dynamic compensation. The proposed algorithm enables obstacle avoidance in real time. The platform has integrated ultrasonic sensors that detect obstacles. Obstacles near the platform generate virtual repulsive velocity in the null space and the platform moves away from the obstacles. The manipulator avoids the obstacles using the action-reaction principle without using any sensors. If an obstacle collides with the manipulator, the manipulator consequently moves away from the obstacle because the control assures high compliance of the mobile manipulator in the null space. The behaviour of the end-effector in the task space is stiff. The advantage of the manipulator placed on a mobile platform over the fixed-base manipulator is grater workspace while the other motion properties such as accuracy and dynamic properties are preserved.
{"title":"Torque-velocity control algorithm for on-line obstacle avoidance for mobile manipulators","authors":"D. Omrcen, B. Nemec, L. Žlajpah","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290757","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with obstacle avoidance for a mobile manipulator. Mobile manipulator consists of a velocity controlled mobile platform and a torque controlled robot manipulator. Therefore combined torque-velocity control is used. In spite of a combined control the system maintains dynamic compensation. The proposed algorithm enables obstacle avoidance in real time. The platform has integrated ultrasonic sensors that detect obstacles. Obstacles near the platform generate virtual repulsive velocity in the null space and the platform moves away from the obstacles. The manipulator avoids the obstacles using the action-reaction principle without using any sensors. If an obstacle collides with the manipulator, the manipulator consequently moves away from the obstacle because the control assures high compliance of the mobile manipulator in the null space. The behaviour of the end-effector in the task space is stiff. The advantage of the manipulator placed on a mobile platform over the fixed-base manipulator is grater workspace while the other motion properties such as accuracy and dynamic properties are preserved.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124682226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290840
M. Jackson, P. Hynek, R. Parkin, N. Brown
This paper introduces a mechatronic system for improving surface waviness quality of machined timber products. The work presented examines the simulation of a piezo-electric actuator rolling element bearing spindle system. This system supports a rotating cutterhead in which two cutters are located for machining timber. The simulation model is based on classical second order vibration equations with the piezo-actuator modelled as a pusher of infinite stiffness serially linked to the spindle bearing housing via a spring of equal stiffness to the piezo-stack. Simulation results show that commercially available piezo-ceramic stacks can be used to generate 8 /spl mu/m radial cutterhead displacements over a time period of 200 /spl mu/sec. This allows the knife path loci through the timber to be modified and hence change the form of the surface wave from a circular arc to a trough, producing a corresponding reduction in wave height and an improvement in surface smoothness. Newly developed surface simulation software for analysing the effect of knife path loci modification is used to show a 57% improvement in surface waviness for low cutting speed conditions.
{"title":"Multi-degree of freedom machining","authors":"M. Jackson, P. Hynek, R. Parkin, N. Brown","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a mechatronic system for improving surface waviness quality of machined timber products. The work presented examines the simulation of a piezo-electric actuator rolling element bearing spindle system. This system supports a rotating cutterhead in which two cutters are located for machining timber. The simulation model is based on classical second order vibration equations with the piezo-actuator modelled as a pusher of infinite stiffness serially linked to the spindle bearing housing via a spring of equal stiffness to the piezo-stack. Simulation results show that commercially available piezo-ceramic stacks can be used to generate 8 /spl mu/m radial cutterhead displacements over a time period of 200 /spl mu/sec. This allows the knife path loci through the timber to be modified and hence change the form of the surface wave from a circular arc to a trough, producing a corresponding reduction in wave height and an improvement in surface smoothness. Newly developed surface simulation software for analysing the effect of knife path loci modification is used to show a 57% improvement in surface waviness for low cutting speed conditions.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130284162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290281
R. Zapata, P. Lépinay, J. de Los Rios
This paper deals with the motion planning problem and the localization problem of mobile robots evolving in partially known or unknown environments. We describe a biologically-plausible approach of these problems based on the definition of virtual top view images, obtained by the transformation of real frontal images (visual images or proximetric images).
{"title":"A fast mobile robot motion planner","authors":"R. Zapata, P. Lépinay, J. de Los Rios","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290281","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the motion planning problem and the localization problem of mobile robots evolving in partially known or unknown environments. We describe a biologically-plausible approach of these problems based on the definition of virtual top view images, obtained by the transformation of real frontal images (visual images or proximetric images).","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132658336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290788
G. Rozinaj, F.-L. Mistral
This paper presents the detection algorithm developed for the specific application of 3D face modeling. The main goal of this algorithm developed under VC++ is to localize accurately some specific and needed points of facial features, to allow a 3D face creation. Instead of using some predefined 3D face model, the program process on two photos of a real subject, one from front view and the other from profile. It permits us to obtain the three coordinates for each localized point on the face. A data normalization allows face modeling using the openGL engine.
{"title":"Facial features detection for 3D face modeling","authors":"G. Rozinaj, F.-L. Mistral","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290788","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the detection algorithm developed for the specific application of 3D face modeling. The main goal of this algorithm developed under VC++ is to localize accurately some specific and needed points of facial features, to allow a 3D face creation. Instead of using some predefined 3D face model, the program process on two photos of a real subject, one from front view and the other from profile. It permits us to obtain the three coordinates for each localized point on the face. A data normalization allows face modeling using the openGL engine.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133304832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290769
L. Benadero, V. Moreno, E. Toribio, E. Gómez, A. El Aroudi, G. Olivar
Long time and large amplitude limit cycles are among the possible dynamics in pulse width modulated DC-DC converters. They can be present when the parameters of the system are closed to the parameter set which undergoes the Hopf bifurcation. The birth or death of these large cycles is related not only to the loss of the stability of the usual operating cycle, which is synchronised with the modulating signal, but also to the bounds of the ideal switched system. The analysis is made taking into account the behaviour of the saddle stable manifold, which is strongly influenced by border collision bifurcations due to reaching the modulation bounds or if the inductor gets zero current (DCM).
{"title":"Birth and death patterns of large limit cycles in PWM boost converter","authors":"L. Benadero, V. Moreno, E. Toribio, E. Gómez, A. El Aroudi, G. Olivar","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290769","url":null,"abstract":"Long time and large amplitude limit cycles are among the possible dynamics in pulse width modulated DC-DC converters. They can be present when the parameters of the system are closed to the parameter set which undergoes the Hopf bifurcation. The birth or death of these large cycles is related not only to the loss of the stability of the usual operating cycle, which is synchronised with the modulating signal, but also to the bounds of the ideal switched system. The analysis is made taking into account the behaviour of the saddle stable manifold, which is strongly influenced by border collision bifurcations due to reaching the modulation bounds or if the inductor gets zero current (DCM).","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133320748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290807
C. Machado, J. Fonseca, J. Mendes
Usually, automatic cutting-off machines, of metallic pipes or bars, use constant cutting velocity. This mode of operation, constant cutting velocity combined with different profiles of materials to be cut, causes variable cutting forces to be applied to the saw. As a result, the cutting off machine is generally set for the worst expected conditions, otherwise excessive wear of the saw and machine will occur. Further, traditional cutting-off machines require adjustments to be made in order to automatically detect the completion of a cut. The objective of this project is the study of the application of control algorithms to the process of cutting-off metallic pipes or bars, with variable profiles, implemented in an industrial cutting-off machine, commercially available. The testes algorithms concern real-time cutting control and automatic detection of cut completion. The algorithms are implemented in a low cost programmable logic controller (PLC), allowing its adoption in industrial applications without significant increase on machine cost. All algorithms were developed having in mind safety issues relative to the operation of the cutting machine in order to prevent damage to the machine itself. Also, all process related relevant parameters are monitored on a personal computer using OPC (object linking and embedding-for process control).
{"title":"Automatic velocity control in cutting-off machines","authors":"C. Machado, J. Fonseca, J. Mendes","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290807","url":null,"abstract":"Usually, automatic cutting-off machines, of metallic pipes or bars, use constant cutting velocity. This mode of operation, constant cutting velocity combined with different profiles of materials to be cut, causes variable cutting forces to be applied to the saw. As a result, the cutting off machine is generally set for the worst expected conditions, otherwise excessive wear of the saw and machine will occur. Further, traditional cutting-off machines require adjustments to be made in order to automatically detect the completion of a cut. The objective of this project is the study of the application of control algorithms to the process of cutting-off metallic pipes or bars, with variable profiles, implemented in an industrial cutting-off machine, commercially available. The testes algorithms concern real-time cutting control and automatic detection of cut completion. The algorithms are implemented in a low cost programmable logic controller (PLC), allowing its adoption in industrial applications without significant increase on machine cost. All algorithms were developed having in mind safety issues relative to the operation of the cutting machine in order to prevent damage to the machine itself. Also, all process related relevant parameters are monitored on a personal computer using OPC (object linking and embedding-for process control).","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132832898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290381
ieljko Ban, P. Crnosija
The application of the simplified model reference adaptive control algorithm with parameter adaptation, to the DC motor drive has been considered. DC motor drive, with a basic control loops and changeable moment of inertia belongs to the class of the higher order systems with changeable parameters. In a way to preserve the desired system behaviour, even in the case of system parameter change, the simplified MRAC algorithm with parameter adaptation was developed and applied for control of the DC motor drive. The algorithm is based on the classical model reference adaptive control approach with parameter adaptation, including few simplifications. The simplifications are as follows: the reference model and the state vector were reduced to the third order, only output variable was used in the algorithm and the total number of the algorithm coefficients was reduced to seven. The satisfactory behaviour of the adaptive control algorithm was preserved by using differences of the output variable instead of its derivatives. Furthermore, an adaptive control algorithm was normalized for the usage in the whole range of reference signal changing. Adaptive control coefficients were obtained by off line optimization, for the extreme amount of the changeable system parameter. Therefore, the same coefficients could be used in whole range of the system parameter variation. The simplified MRAC algorithm with parameter adaptation was implemented in the dSPACE DS1102 micro controller platform based on microprocessor TMS320C37. This controller is used for control of the DC motor drive with a changeable moment of inertia. Finally, it was evident from the experimental results that the application of the MRAC with the simplified discrete parameter adaptation algorithm significantly decreases the influence of the plant parameter variations and the influence of disturbance to the system behaviour.
{"title":"Application of the MRAC with simplified discrete parameter adaptation algorithm for control of the DC electromotor drive","authors":"ieljko Ban, P. Crnosija","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290381","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the simplified model reference adaptive control algorithm with parameter adaptation, to the DC motor drive has been considered. DC motor drive, with a basic control loops and changeable moment of inertia belongs to the class of the higher order systems with changeable parameters. In a way to preserve the desired system behaviour, even in the case of system parameter change, the simplified MRAC algorithm with parameter adaptation was developed and applied for control of the DC motor drive. The algorithm is based on the classical model reference adaptive control approach with parameter adaptation, including few simplifications. The simplifications are as follows: the reference model and the state vector were reduced to the third order, only output variable was used in the algorithm and the total number of the algorithm coefficients was reduced to seven. The satisfactory behaviour of the adaptive control algorithm was preserved by using differences of the output variable instead of its derivatives. Furthermore, an adaptive control algorithm was normalized for the usage in the whole range of reference signal changing. Adaptive control coefficients were obtained by off line optimization, for the extreme amount of the changeable system parameter. Therefore, the same coefficients could be used in whole range of the system parameter variation. The simplified MRAC algorithm with parameter adaptation was implemented in the dSPACE DS1102 micro controller platform based on microprocessor TMS320C37. This controller is used for control of the DC motor drive with a changeable moment of inertia. Finally, it was evident from the experimental results that the application of the MRAC with the simplified discrete parameter adaptation algorithm significantly decreases the influence of the plant parameter variations and the influence of disturbance to the system behaviour.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115150664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290261
M. Klingajay, N. Giannoccaro
The principle of the thread fastenings have been known and used for decades. Its long applications become to a common manufacturing with the purpose of joining one component to another. Screw insertions are typically carried out manually with having the purpose of joining one component to another. It is more complex to automate, and hence has admitted relatively very small research attention on automating threaded fastenings, and most automated assembly research is focused on the peg-in-hole assembly problem. This paper investigates the problem of an intelligence monitoring strategy for automated screw insertion process based on the parameter estimation. The identification problem deals with quality monitoring strategy, which make use a fastening signature that formed by the torque signal vs. insertion angle curve during the screw insertions. This paper tries to generalise previous works [M. Klingajay et al., 2002] giving a new complete estimation strategy and evaluating its performances in such a way to present the possible developments of next on-line estimation process.
{"title":"Comparison between least square & Newton Raphson for estimation parameters of an autonomous threaded fastenings","authors":"M. Klingajay, N. Giannoccaro","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290261","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of the thread fastenings have been known and used for decades. Its long applications become to a common manufacturing with the purpose of joining one component to another. Screw insertions are typically carried out manually with having the purpose of joining one component to another. It is more complex to automate, and hence has admitted relatively very small research attention on automating threaded fastenings, and most automated assembly research is focused on the peg-in-hole assembly problem. This paper investigates the problem of an intelligence monitoring strategy for automated screw insertion process based on the parameter estimation. The identification problem deals with quality monitoring strategy, which make use a fastening signature that formed by the torque signal vs. insertion angle curve during the screw insertions. This paper tries to generalise previous works [M. Klingajay et al., 2002] giving a new complete estimation strategy and evaluating its performances in such a way to present the possible developments of next on-line estimation process.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290828
H. Weiss, J. Xiao
For renewable energy generation in the distributed and co-generation (DCG) scheme, photovoltaics and wind power are already in service at many installations. Basically, these types of energy generation are very favourable for the environment but do not produce power on customers load demands, have long intervals of lacking power generation due to absence of power input (no sunshine, no wind), and especially exhibit high costs per installed power respectively per generated energy. So every cost saving and output increasing measure should be taken. Combining a photovoltaic power unit with a wind energy unit will reduce the zero-power intervals and can be composed to high extent of standard commercial variable speed drive elements. These are PWM voltage source inverters with active front end, and also standard induction machines can be taken. Only a few extensions are necessary, thus the total hardware system is rather cost effective. It is essential that a system control unit defines setpoint values for the sub-units and handles abnormal operating conditions. Here a fuzzy control system is proposed to accomplish these tasks. It means performing the standard power insertion into the line on the principle of maximum power tracking, preferable at a rather constant power input without flicker power, ensuring or improving line voltage quality with regard to reactive power and distortion power, or voltage waveform improvement, respectively. In addition, in case of a line interruption, the unit should be able to run independently from the line, establishing an insular power supply for the nearby customers and loads until the reconnection to the mains is done.
{"title":"Fuzzy system control for combined wind and solar power distributed generation unit","authors":"H. Weiss, J. Xiao","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290828","url":null,"abstract":"For renewable energy generation in the distributed and co-generation (DCG) scheme, photovoltaics and wind power are already in service at many installations. Basically, these types of energy generation are very favourable for the environment but do not produce power on customers load demands, have long intervals of lacking power generation due to absence of power input (no sunshine, no wind), and especially exhibit high costs per installed power respectively per generated energy. So every cost saving and output increasing measure should be taken. Combining a photovoltaic power unit with a wind energy unit will reduce the zero-power intervals and can be composed to high extent of standard commercial variable speed drive elements. These are PWM voltage source inverters with active front end, and also standard induction machines can be taken. Only a few extensions are necessary, thus the total hardware system is rather cost effective. It is essential that a system control unit defines setpoint values for the sub-units and handles abnormal operating conditions. Here a fuzzy control system is proposed to accomplish these tasks. It means performing the standard power insertion into the line on the principle of maximum power tracking, preferable at a rather constant power input without flicker power, ensuring or improving line voltage quality with regard to reactive power and distortion power, or voltage waveform improvement, respectively. In addition, in case of a line interruption, the unit should be able to run independently from the line, establishing an insular power supply for the nearby customers and loads until the reconnection to the mains is done.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131908497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-10DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290829
E. Winfried, H. Weiss
Photovoltaic power conversion systems for power rating of about 2.5 kW consist generally of a step-up converter, a DC-AC inverter for 5 Hz and the transformer coupling to the grid. Potential separation is required between the modules and grid. A standard 5 Hz transformer can accomplish this separation. Heavy in weight, loud in noises and exhibiting high temperatures through the transformer make the whole system large in volume and expensive. By discussing optimisation facts, new ideas in the conversion structure have been found in a two-inverter conversion concept and will be evaluated in this synopsis. The main idea of this new concept is to make the necessary separation also with a transformer but with a ferrite core and an operating frequency of 2 kHz. Optimised for these 2 kHz the above-mentioned problematic facts will be minimised. The first converter is used for the DC-AC conversion to the base of 2 kHz. The second inverter, supplied after the transformer and a stabilised rectifying system, makes the DC-AC conversion to the 5 Hz grid. Further on, component costs will be reduced through using the same kind of inverter. Also the control management is more modular and effective.
{"title":"Photovoltaic power conversion with efficiency weight optimisation","authors":"E. Winfried, H. Weiss","doi":"10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2003.1290829","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic power conversion systems for power rating of about 2.5 kW consist generally of a step-up converter, a DC-AC inverter for 5 Hz and the transformer coupling to the grid. Potential separation is required between the modules and grid. A standard 5 Hz transformer can accomplish this separation. Heavy in weight, loud in noises and exhibiting high temperatures through the transformer make the whole system large in volume and expensive. By discussing optimisation facts, new ideas in the conversion structure have been found in a two-inverter conversion concept and will be evaluated in this synopsis. The main idea of this new concept is to make the necessary separation also with a transformer but with a ferrite core and an operating frequency of 2 kHz. Optimised for these 2 kHz the above-mentioned problematic facts will be minimised. The first converter is used for the DC-AC conversion to the base of 2 kHz. The second inverter, supplied after the transformer and a stabilised rectifying system, makes the DC-AC conversion to the 5 Hz grid. Further on, component costs will be reduced through using the same kind of inverter. Also the control management is more modular and effective.","PeriodicalId":193510,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2003","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131930602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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