Nitric oxide (NO) is a vital bioactive molecule, but its rapid degradation limits therapeutic applications. To enhance stability and controlled release, two novel systems were synthesized: MnFe2O4@Cap-SNO nanoparticles and Cs@Cap-SNO hydrogel. MnFe2O4@Cap-SNO, incorporating captopril (Cap) as an NO donor, demonstrated prolonged NO release for up to 16h upon light exposure, following zero-order kinetics, ensuring sustained delivery. Cs@Cap-SNO, a chitosan-based hydrogel integrating nitrosated captopril (Cap-SNO), exhibited faster NO release governed by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics. UV–Vis spectrophotometry confirmed successful nitrosation with distinct absorption bands at 335nm and 545nm. MnFe2O4@Cap-SNO displayed superior stability, outperforming Cs@Cap-SNO and free Cap-SNO in NO preservation. These findings suggest MnFe2O4@Cap-SNO as an effective NO-stabilizing carrier for biomedical applications, particularly intargeted drug delivery. Future studies will focus on in vitro and in vivo validation to assess therapeutic efficacy.
{"title":"Stabilizing nitric oxide: MnFe2O4@Cap-SNO nanoparticles and chitosan hydrogels for controlled therapeutic delivery","authors":"Soodabeh Gharibeh , Melika JaberebnAnsari , Elham Askarizadeh , Azhdar Heydari","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitric oxide (NO) is a vital bioactive molecule, but its rapid degradation limits therapeutic applications. To enhance stability and controlled release, two novel systems were synthesized: MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Cap-SNO nanoparticles and Cs@Cap-SNO hydrogel. MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Cap-SNO, incorporating captopril (Cap) as an NO donor, demonstrated prolonged NO release for up to 16h upon light exposure, following zero-order kinetics, ensuring sustained delivery. Cs@Cap-SNO, a chitosan-based hydrogel integrating nitrosated captopril (Cap-SNO), exhibited faster NO release governed by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics. UV–Vis spectrophotometry confirmed successful nitrosation with distinct absorption bands at 335nm and 545nm. MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Cap-SNO displayed superior stability, outperforming Cs@Cap-SNO and free Cap-SNO in NO preservation. These findings suggest MnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Cap-SNO as an effective NO-stabilizing carrier for biomedical applications, particularly intargeted drug delivery. Future studies will focus on in vitro and in vivo validation to assess therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"160 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.11.001
Tomoaki Ida , Shingo Kasamatsu , Mahiro Kuryu , Haruka Nitta , Wakana Nagamura , Hina Yoshida , Ayaka Kinno , Aoi Morishita , Takaaki Akaike , Hideshi Ihara
Supersulfides are sulfur species with catenated sulfur atoms, such as cysteine hydropersulfide (CysSSH). Although supersulfides are biologically important metabolites owing to their unique chemical properties, their transformation in plants via microbial fermentation remains unknown. Natto is a traditional Japanese food prepared from soybeans fermented using Bacillus subtilis var. natto and is an excellent model for investigating this transformation. Compared to unfermented soybeans, natto contains higher supersulfide contents; however, the specific molecular changes that occur during fermentation remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the molecular profiles of supersulfides in natto using mass spectrometry-based supersulfide omics. Quantitative supersulfide profiling revealed an increase in soybean supersulfide content during fermentation using B. subtilis var. natto. However, the total sulfur content did not significantly change, suggesting that microorganisms may play a role in the biotransformation of sulfur-containing molecules into supersulfides. Furthermore, quantitative supersulfide metabolomics and untargeted polysulfide omics revealed time-dependent fermentation increases in the levels of both reduced supersulfides, including CysSSH and cysteine hydrotrisulfide, and oxidized supersulfides, such as cystine trisulfide. Moreover, high-molecular-weight supersulfides were detected. Thus, the supersulfide content significantly increased during B. subtilis var. natto fermentation. Supersulfidated proteins were not detected in natto, likely because soybean-derived proteins were degraded by B. subtilis var. natto. Conversely, supersulfide proteomics revealed the presence of various supersulfide-modified proteins in soybeans, particularly the supersulfidation of 11S glycinin. This is the first study to reveal that microbial fermentation significantly transforms the supersulfide profile in plants. Moreover, the diverse supersulfides abundantly present in natto may contribute to its health-promoting properties.
{"title":"Dynamic transformation of the sulfur metabolome during natto fermentation: Supersulfide omics study","authors":"Tomoaki Ida , Shingo Kasamatsu , Mahiro Kuryu , Haruka Nitta , Wakana Nagamura , Hina Yoshida , Ayaka Kinno , Aoi Morishita , Takaaki Akaike , Hideshi Ihara","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supersulfides are sulfur species with catenated sulfur atoms, such as cysteine hydropersulfide (CysSSH). Although supersulfides are biologically important metabolites owing to their unique chemical properties, their transformation in plants <em>via</em> microbial fermentation remains unknown. Natto is a traditional Japanese food prepared from soybeans fermented using <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> var. <em>natto</em> and is an excellent model for investigating this transformation. Compared to unfermented soybeans, natto contains higher supersulfide contents; however, the specific molecular changes that occur during fermentation remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the molecular profiles of supersulfides in natto using mass spectrometry-based supersulfide omics. Quantitative supersulfide profiling revealed an increase in soybean supersulfide content during fermentation using <em>B. subtilis</em> var. <em>natto</em>. However, the total sulfur content did not significantly change, suggesting that microorganisms may play a role in the biotransformation of sulfur-containing molecules into supersulfides. Furthermore, quantitative supersulfide metabolomics and untargeted polysulfide omics revealed time-dependent fermentation increases in the levels of both reduced supersulfides, including CysSSH and cysteine hydrotrisulfide, and oxidized supersulfides, such as cystine trisulfide. Moreover, high-molecular-weight supersulfides were detected. Thus, the supersulfide content significantly increased during <em>B. subtilis</em> var. <em>natto</em> fermentation. Supersulfidated proteins were not detected in natto, likely because soybean-derived proteins were degraded by <em>B. subtilis</em> var. <em>natto</em>. Conversely, supersulfide proteomics revealed the presence of various supersulfide-modified proteins in soybeans, particularly the supersulfidation of 11S glycinin. This is the first study to reveal that microbial fermentation significantly transforms the supersulfide profile in plants. Moreover, the diverse supersulfides abundantly present in natto may contribute to its health-promoting properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"160 ","pages":"Pages 14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To assess the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in cervical cancer, we investigated the association between eNOS −786T/C and intron 4 VNTR 4b/a eNOS gene variations, plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels, cervical lesion occurrence, and disease progression. This study included 78 cervical lesions and 126 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and plasma NO levels were determined using the Griess reaction. We found that the −786C allele was significantly associated with cervical lesion risk (OR = 2.25; CI 95 % [1.15–4.41]; p = 0.025) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (L-SIL) risk (OR = 3.22; CI 95 % [1.09–9.686]; p = 0.042) but not with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (H-SIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Haplotype analysis showed that the C-4a haplotype was associated with a high risk of cervical lesion development (OR = 2.19, CI 95 % [1.149–4.2]; p = 0.025). Plasma NO levels differed depending on the eNOS variant genotype in cervical lesions and healthy controls. The presence of risk alleles (−786C and/or 4a) correlated with increased plasma NO levels in cervical lesions compared to healthy controls (p = 0.033 and p = 0.039, respectively). As well, the plasma NO levels were higher among cervical lesions than in healthy controls (p = 0.027), mainly among L-SIL (p = 0.004). Moreover, higher plasma NO levels were significantly associated with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA among cervical lesions, as well as with a higher HPV circulating viral load. In conclusion, our findings highlight a significant association between eNOS genetic variants, plasma NO levels, and the occurrence and progression of cervical lesions.
为了评估内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）在宫颈癌中的作用，我们研究了eNOS -786T/C和内含子4 VNTR 4b/a eNOS基因变异、血浆一氧化氮（NO）水平、宫颈病变发生和疾病进展之间的关系。该研究包括78例宫颈病变和126例健康对照。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行基因分型，采用Griess反应测定血浆NO水平。我们发现-786C等位基因与宫颈病变风险（OR=2.25; CI 95% [1.15-4.41]; p= 0.025）和低级别鳞状上皮内病变（L-SIL）风险（OR=3.22; CI 95% [1.09-9.686]; p=0.042）显著相关，但与高级别鳞状上皮内病变（H-SIL）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）无关。单倍型分析显示，C-4a单倍型与宫颈病变发展的高风险相关（OR= 2.19, CI 95% [1.149-4.2]; p=0.025）。血浆NO水平不同取决于eNOS变异基因型宫颈病变和健康对照。与健康对照组相比，危险等位基因（-786C和/或4a）的存在与宫颈病变血浆NO水平升高相关（分别为p=0.033和p=0.039）。此外，宫颈病变组血浆NO水平高于健康对照组（p=0.027），主要是L-SIL组（p=0.004）。此外，较高的血浆NO水平与宫颈病变中人乳头瘤病毒（HPV） DNA的存在以及较高的HPV循环病毒载量显著相关。总之，我们的研究结果强调了eNOS基因变异、血浆NO水平与宫颈病变的发生和进展之间的显著关联。
{"title":"Involvement of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions","authors":"Jaweher Bday , Moufida Souid , Karim H. Farhat , Yosra Macherki , Randa Ghedira , Sallouha Gabbouj , Salwa Shini-Hadhri , Raja Faleh , Elham Hassen","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in cervical cancer, we investigated the association between eNOS −786T/C and intron 4 VNTR 4b/a eNOS gene variations, plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels, cervical lesion occurrence, and disease progression. This study included 78 cervical lesions and 126 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and plasma NO levels were determined using the Griess reaction. We found that the −786C allele was significantly associated with cervical lesion risk (OR = 2.25; CI 95 % [1.15–4.41]; <em>p</em> = 0.025) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (L-SIL) risk (OR = 3.22; CI 95 % [1.09–9.686]; <em>p</em> = 0.042) but not with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (H-SIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Haplotype analysis showed that the C-4a haplotype was associated with a high risk of cervical lesion development (OR = 2.19, CI 95 % [1.149–4.2]; <em>p</em> = 0.025). Plasma NO levels differed depending on the eNOS variant genotype in cervical lesions and healthy controls. The presence of risk alleles (−786C and/or 4a) correlated with increased plasma NO levels in cervical lesions compared to healthy controls (<em>p</em> = 0.033 and <em>p</em> = 0.039, respectively). As well, the plasma NO levels were higher among cervical lesions than in healthy controls (<em>p</em> = 0.027), mainly among L-SIL (<em>p</em> = 0.004). Moreover, higher plasma NO levels were significantly associated with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA among cervical lesions, as well as with a higher HPV circulating viral load. In conclusion, our findings highlight a significant association between eNOS genetic variants, plasma NO levels, and the occurrence and progression of cervical lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 176-185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.007
Alexandra Marenco , Yusuke Miyazaki , Melanie Cruz Santos , Takamitsu Ikeda , Eizo Marutani , Paul Lichtenegger , Robert Lukowski , Claire Sinow , Donald B. Bloch , Fumito Ichinose
Background
Treatment with inhaled nitric oxide (NO) improves rates of survival and neurologic outcomes in a mouse model of resuscitation after cardiac arrest. The effect of NO is dependent on the soluble guanylyl cyclase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-sGC-cGMP) pathway. NO-sGC is a potential target for drugs to modulate NO-dependent signaling in conditions that include ischemia-associated inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether CYR119, a stimulator of NO-sGC that can penetrate the central nervous system, improves outcomes after resuscitation from cardiac arrest.
Methods
Adult C57BL/6J wild-type mice of both sexes were subjected to potassium chloride-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Fifteen minutes after the return of spontaneous circulation, mice were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of either CYR119 or vehicle alone. The length of survival after the procedure and degree of neurological dysfunction were assessed. A composite outcome measure was used to define a good outcome as survival with good neurological function, while a poor outcome was defined as either death or exhibiting poor neurologic function. In addition, mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in the brain and a plasma marker of kidney injury were measured.
Results
CYR119 significantly improved 10-day survival (35 % in CYR119-treated mice; 15 % in vehicle-treated mice) and the likelihood of achieving a good outcome, demonstrating an association between treatment and both survival and neurological recovery. CYR119-treated mice also exhibited reduced transcript levels of TNF⍺ and IL-1β in the hippocampus and cortex, respectively, and lower plasma creatinine levels.
Conclusion
The current study revealed that CYR119 substantially improved the likelihood of survival with good neurologic function in mice resuscitated from cardiac arrest. The beneficial effects of post-arrest treatment with CYR119 were associated with decreased mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in the brain and decreased plasma creatinine levels, suggestive of renal protection. These findings support the potential of CYR119 as a therapeutic strategy for post-cardiac arrest recovery.
{"title":"CYR119, a central nervous system-penetrant stimulator of soluble guanylyl cyclase, improves survival in a mouse model of resuscitation after cardiac arrest","authors":"Alexandra Marenco , Yusuke Miyazaki , Melanie Cruz Santos , Takamitsu Ikeda , Eizo Marutani , Paul Lichtenegger , Robert Lukowski , Claire Sinow , Donald B. Bloch , Fumito Ichinose","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Treatment with inhaled nitric oxide (NO) improves rates of survival and neurologic outcomes in a mouse model of resuscitation after cardiac arrest. The effect of NO is dependent on the soluble guanylyl cyclase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-sGC-cGMP) pathway. NO-sGC is a potential target for drugs to modulate NO-dependent signaling in conditions that include ischemia-associated inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether CYR119, a stimulator of NO-sGC that can penetrate the central nervous system, improves outcomes after resuscitation from cardiac arrest.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult C57BL/6J wild-type mice of both sexes were subjected to potassium chloride-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Fifteen minutes after the return of spontaneous circulation, mice were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of either CYR119 or vehicle alone. The length of survival after the procedure and degree of neurological dysfunction were assessed. A composite outcome measure was used to define a good outcome as survival with good neurological function, while a poor outcome was defined as either death or exhibiting poor neurologic function. In addition, mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in the brain and a plasma marker of kidney injury were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CYR119 significantly improved 10-day survival (35 % in CYR119-treated mice; 15 % in vehicle-treated mice) and the likelihood of achieving a good outcome, demonstrating an association between treatment and both survival and neurological recovery. CYR119-treated mice also exhibited reduced transcript levels of TNF⍺ and IL-1β in the hippocampus and cortex, respectively, and lower plasma creatinine levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study revealed that CYR119 substantially improved the likelihood of survival with good neurologic function in mice resuscitated from cardiac arrest. The beneficial effects of post-arrest treatment with CYR119 were associated with decreased mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in the brain and decreased plasma creatinine levels, suggestive of renal protection. These findings support the potential of CYR119 as a therapeutic strategy for post-cardiac arrest recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.005
Simon Gissing , Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig , Ramona Jeitler , Michael Russwurm , Astrid Schrammel , Bernd Mayer , Alexander Kollau
As key enzyme in the NO/cGMP pathway, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) has become an important therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to activating compounds, inhibitors of sGC are necessary tools in research and may even be desirable as therapeutic agents in certain situations, like migraine.
In a previous study we observed reversible inhibition of isolated sGC by aqueous extracts from tobacco cigarette smoke. In the current study, we found that extracts prepared from cured tobacco share these properties. The active compounds were isolated and identified as unsaturated fatty acids. Further characterization of the inhibitory effect indicated a potential interaction with the heme binding site. In addition, initial experiments with vascular endothelial cells suggest that the observed effect may be relevant to blood vessels function in vivo.
{"title":"Unsaturated fatty acids identified as reversible soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitors","authors":"Simon Gissing , Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig , Ramona Jeitler , Michael Russwurm , Astrid Schrammel , Bernd Mayer , Alexander Kollau","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As key enzyme in the NO/cGMP pathway, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) has become an important therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to activating compounds, inhibitors of sGC are necessary tools in research and may even be desirable as therapeutic agents in certain situations, like migraine.</div><div>In a previous study we observed reversible inhibition of isolated sGC by aqueous extracts from tobacco cigarette smoke. In the current study, we found that extracts prepared from cured tobacco share these properties. The active compounds were isolated and identified as unsaturated fatty acids. Further characterization of the inhibitory effect indicated a potential interaction with the heme binding site. In addition, initial experiments with vascular endothelial cells suggest that the observed effect may be relevant to blood vessels function <em>in vivo</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 115-125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.006
Joseph A. Bauer , Annette M. Sysel , Michael J. Dunphy
Nitric oxide (NO) is a central mediator of vascular, neurological, and immune functions, and its dysregulation is implicated in a broad spectrum of diseases. Despite its significance, direct measurement of NO in human samples is limited by its transient nature and rapid conversion to nitrate and nitrite. Accurate, rapid, and accessible quantification of these NO metabolites in clinical and research settings remains a key need. We present a vanadium(III)-based chemiluminescence protocol for the reliable detection of nitrate and nitrite in human biological fluids, including serum, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, this method supports headspace gas analysis, enabling precise determination of nitric oxide release kinetics and half-life from NO-producing compounds. This approach offers a cost-effective and scalable solution suitable for routine analysis in both diagnostic and research laboratories.
{"title":"A versatile vanadium(III)-based chemiluminescence protocol for nitric oxide metabolite quantification and NO release kinetics","authors":"Joseph A. Bauer , Annette M. Sysel , Michael J. Dunphy","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitric oxide (NO) is a central mediator of vascular, neurological, and immune functions, and its dysregulation is implicated in a broad spectrum of diseases. Despite its significance, direct measurement of NO in human samples is limited by its transient nature and rapid conversion to nitrate and nitrite. Accurate, rapid, and accessible quantification of these NO metabolites in clinical and research settings remains a key need. We present a vanadium(III)-based chemiluminescence protocol for the reliable detection of nitrate and nitrite in human biological fluids, including serum, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, this method supports headspace gas analysis, enabling precise determination of nitric oxide release kinetics and half-life from NO-producing compounds. This approach offers a cost-effective and scalable solution suitable for routine analysis in both diagnostic and research laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.004
Yali Qiao , Yayu Liu , Jihua Yu , Weibiao Liao
Postharvest quality maintenance is a key research focus in horticultural science. Nitric oxide (NO), a vital gaseous signaling molecule, significantly improves postharvest quality by inhibiting ethylene (ETH) synthesis, reducing respiration rate, enhancing antioxidant enzyme systems, maintaining cell wall integrity, and regulating secondary metabolism. Currently, the synergistic mechanisms between NO and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have emerged as a research hotspot. The two molecules work in concert to delay postharvest senescence and enhance fruit resistance to low temperature and pathogens involving enzyme activity regulation and physiological synergy. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the independent regulatory effects of NO and its crosstalk mechanisms with H2S, providing theoretical foundations for developing efficient and safe postharvest preservation technologies and highlighting their potential applications in green preservation.
{"title":"Roles of nitric oxide in improving post-harvest horticultural product quality: Crosstalk with hydrogen sulfide","authors":"Yali Qiao , Yayu Liu , Jihua Yu , Weibiao Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postharvest quality maintenance is a key research focus in horticultural science. Nitric oxide (NO), a vital gaseous signaling molecule, significantly improves postharvest quality by inhibiting ethylene (ETH) synthesis, reducing respiration rate, enhancing antioxidant enzyme systems, maintaining cell wall integrity, and regulating secondary metabolism. Currently, the synergistic mechanisms between NO and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) have emerged as a research hotspot. The two molecules work in concert to delay postharvest senescence and enhance fruit resistance to low temperature and pathogens involving enzyme activity regulation and physiological synergy. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the independent regulatory effects of NO and its crosstalk mechanisms with H<sub>2</sub>S, providing theoretical foundations for developing efficient and safe postharvest preservation technologies and highlighting their potential applications in green preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 102-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.003
Yuriy E. Kolupaev , Tetiana O. Yastreb , Alla Yemets , Yaroslav Blume
Polyamines, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), proline, and glycine betaine (GB) are important plant stress metabolites that are interconnected in common metabolic cycles. These compounds have a multifunctional protective effect on plant cells under stress conditions, acting as osmoregulators, antioxidants, chaperones, and intracellular pH stabilizers, among other roles. The key role of these compounds, however, lies in their involvement in the signaling network of plant cells. Stress metabolites, in particular, engage in a complex functional interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Nevertheless, information detailing the links between NO and major nitrogen-containing stress metabolites is fragmented. Consequently, a holistic understanding of these interactions, even at the theoretical model level, has yet to be presented in the literature. The review investigates the phenomenology and mechanisms of NO's involvement as a signaling mediator in the stress-protective function of polyamines and GABA in plants. It also analyses the effect of NO on the content of polyamines, GABA, proline, and GB under normal and stressful conditions. The latest data on the role of S-nitrosation processes of enzymes involved in the regulation of content of low-molecular nitrogen-containing compounds in plant adaptation, and on the effect of polyamines on S-nitrosation of the proteome are summarized. Particular attention is paid to the links between nitric oxide and other signaling mediators (primarily ROS and Ca2+) during its functional interaction with stress metabolites. Regulation of NO and stress metabolite levels is considered one of the promising tools for managing plant stress resistance.
{"title":"Nitric oxide functional relationships with nitrogen-containing stress metabolites: Role in plant adaptation to adverse abiotic factors","authors":"Yuriy E. Kolupaev , Tetiana O. Yastreb , Alla Yemets , Yaroslav Blume","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyamines, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), proline, and glycine betaine (GB) are important plant stress metabolites that are interconnected in common metabolic cycles. These compounds have a multifunctional protective effect on plant cells under stress conditions, acting as osmoregulators, antioxidants, chaperones, and intracellular pH stabilizers, among other roles. The key role of these compounds, however, lies in their involvement in the signaling network of plant cells. Stress metabolites, in particular, engage in a complex functional interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Nevertheless, information detailing the links between NO and major nitrogen-containing stress metabolites is fragmented. Consequently, a holistic understanding of these interactions, even at the theoretical model level, has yet to be presented in the literature. The review investigates the phenomenology and mechanisms of NO's involvement as a signaling mediator in the stress-protective function of polyamines and GABA in plants. It also analyses the effect of NO on the content of polyamines, GABA, proline, and GB under normal and stressful conditions. The latest data on the role of S-nitrosation processes of enzymes involved in the regulation of content of low-molecular nitrogen-containing compounds in plant adaptation, and on the effect of polyamines on S-nitrosation of the proteome are summarized. Particular attention is paid to the links between nitric oxide and other signaling mediators (primarily ROS and Ca<sup>2+</sup>) during its functional interaction with stress metabolites. Regulation of NO and stress metabolite levels is considered one of the promising tools for managing plant stress resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 126-146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.001
Sajad Jeddi , Khosrow Kashfi , Asghar Ghasemi
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by structural kidney alterations—including glomerular basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and glomerular hypertrophy—alongside functional impairments such as reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria. DN progresses through five stages: pre-nephropathy, silent, incipient, overt nephropathy, and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Dysregulation of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway—including neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS)—has been increasingly implicated in DN pathogenesis. Evidence from preclinical models using NOS inhibitors and knockout mice, combined with human studies that identify NOS gene polymorphisms, supports this association. In early stages, hyperglycemia elevates GFR, driven by increased NO production from all three NOS isoforms. As the disease progresses, reduced eNOS-derived NO and persistent iNOS overexpression contribute to structural damage and a decline in GFR. NO donors have been shown to prevent early hyperfiltration and attenuate the subsequent decrease in GFR and renal injury characteristic of overt nephropathy. Thus, NO signaling plays a dual role in DN progression and represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention.
{"title":"Diabetic nephropathy: Role of nitric oxide","authors":"Sajad Jeddi , Khosrow Kashfi , Asghar Ghasemi","doi":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.niox.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by structural kidney alterations—including glomerular basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and glomerular hypertrophy—alongside functional impairments such as reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria. DN progresses through five stages: pre-nephropathy, silent, incipient, overt nephropathy, and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Dysregulation of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway—including neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS)—has been increasingly implicated in DN pathogenesis. Evidence from preclinical models using NOS inhibitors and knockout mice, combined with human studies that identify NOS gene polymorphisms, supports this association. In early stages, hyperglycemia elevates GFR, driven by increased NO production from all three NOS isoforms. As the disease progresses, reduced eNOS-derived NO and persistent iNOS overexpression contribute to structural damage and a decline in GFR. NO donors have been shown to prevent early hyperfiltration and attenuate the subsequent decrease in GFR and renal injury characteristic of overt nephropathy. Thus, NO signaling plays a dual role in DN progression and represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19357,"journal":{"name":"Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry","volume":"159 ","pages":"Pages 89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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