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Effect of Educational Intervention Program on Self-Efficacy of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South-East, Nigeria. 教育干预计划对尼日利亚东南部 2 型糖尿病患者自我效能的影响。
IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-06-22 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231181965
Christiana Nkiru Okafor, Chinedu Charles Onyenekwe, Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo, Joseph Onuuwa Umunnah, Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro, Ahaoma Victor Mbanuzuru, Ukamaka Elizabeth Agunwah, Chika Chioma Odira, Eucharia Ngozi Makata, Chinenye Mercy Nwankwo

Objectives: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease, which requires a level of confidence among the sufferers in its management. This study investigated the effect of an educational intervention program on self-efficacy (SE) in diabetic individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South-East, Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental controlled study, comprising 382 individuals with type 2 DM selected, and assigned to intervention (IG) and control groups (CG). The instrument for data collection was the Stanford Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (SCDS). Pretest data were collected, and thereafter education on diabetes management was given to the IG group. The IG was followed up for 6 months. At the end of 6 months, post-test data were collected using the same instrument. Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-square test statistics. A P-value less than .05 alpha level was considered significant.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups before intervention. However, after 6 months of intervention, a significant proportion of participants' scores in IG moved from low to either moderate, or high SE in almost all the SE domains (P < .05.

Conclusions: There was an improvement in most domains of self-efficacy in the intervention group after 6 months of educational intervention.

目的:糖尿病是一种慢性疾病,需要患者对其管理有一定的信心。本研究调查了教育干预计划对尼日利亚东南部 2 型糖尿病患者自我效能感(SE)的影响:该研究是一项准实验性对照研究,选取了 382 名 2 型糖尿病患者,将其分为干预组(IG)和对照组(CG)。数据收集工具是斯坦福慢性病自我效能量表(SCDS)。在收集了预测试数据后,对干预组进行了糖尿病管理教育。对 IG 组进行了为期 6 个月的随访。6 个月后,使用相同的工具收集后测数据。数据采用皮尔逊卡方检验统计法进行分析。P值小于0.05的α水平被认为是显著的:结果:干预前,两组之间没有明显的统计学差异。然而,经过 6 个月的干预后,相当一部分参与者的 IG 分数在几乎所有的 SE 领域中都从低 SE 转为中 SE 或高 SE(P 结论:在大多数 SE 领域中,参与者的 IG 分数都有所提高:经过 6 个月的教育干预后,干预组在自我效能感的大部分领域都有所改善。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Diversity and Haemoglobin Level Associated With Under Nutrition Among Pregnant Women at Sidama Hawassa, Ethiopia: Facility Based Cross-Sectional Study. 埃塞俄比亚 Sidama Hawassa 孕妇营养不良与膳食多样性和血红蛋白水平的关系:基于设施的横断面研究。
IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-04-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231165136
Tsegaye Alemu, Tigist Yakob, Tarekegn Solomon

Background: Under nutrition among pregnant women is common public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. It leads to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite its consequences there is shortage of research evidence to support intervention in this regard in the southern part of the country. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the determinates of under nutrition among pregnant women visiting antenatal care clinics at selected health facilities in Hawassa town.

Methods: Health facility based cross-sectional study was employed among 454 systematically selected study participants. Data were collected by using structured and pre-tested questionnaires with face to face interview. Data were entered into Epi info and then exported to SPSS version 26 statistical software for analysis. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics; bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression.

Result: The over all of prevalence of under nutrition among pregnant women was 27.6% [95% CI (22.6, 30.8)]. In multivariate logistic regression model, lowest wealth quintile [AOR = 3.3, 95% CI (1.7, 7.0)], women with dietary diversity [AOR = 2.0, 95% CI (1.3, 4.0)], presence of anemia [AOR = 10.7, 95% CI (5.8,19.8)], lower pregnant women education level [AOR = 3.3, 95% CI (1.4, 7.9)], lower partner education level [AOR = 3.1, 95% CI (1.1, 8.5)], not ate flush/meat food [AOR = 2.8, 95% CI (1.7, 4.8)], and not ate other fruits [AOR = 1.8, 95% CI (1.1, 2.8)] had significant association with under nutrition.

Conclusion: In this health facility based study, the burden of under nutrition was high. Lowest wealth quintiles, low dietary diversity scores, being anemic and low education of the pregnant women and her partner were associated with under nutrition. Therefore, counseling for dietary diversity during antenatal care, health promotion and education for pregnant women and empowering women on income generation activities are a key intervention to tackle under nutrition.

背景:孕妇营养不良是包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家普遍存在的公共卫生问题。它导致产妇和新生儿的不良后果。尽管营养不良会导致不良后果,但在埃塞俄比亚南部地区,缺乏研究证据来支持这方面的干预措施。因此,本研究旨在评估在哈瓦萨镇选定医疗机构产前护理诊所就诊的孕妇营养不良的决定因素。数据收集采用了结构化的、预先测试过的问卷,并进行了面对面的访谈。数据输入 Epi info,然后导出到 SPSS 26 版统计软件中进行分析。数据分析包括描述性统计、二元和多元二元逻辑回归:结果:孕妇营养不良的总体发生率为 27.6% [95% CI (22.6, 30.8)]。在多变量逻辑回归模型中,最低财富五分位数[AOR = 3.3,95% CI (1.7,7.0)]、膳食多样性[AOR = 2.0,95% CI (1.3,4.0)]、贫血[AOR = 10.7,95% CI (5.8,19.8)]、孕妇受教育程度较低[AOR = 3.3,95% CI (1.4,7.9)]、伴侣受教育程度较低[AOR = 3.1,95% CI (1.1,8.5)]、不吃冲调/肉类食物[AOR = 2.8,95% CI (1.7,4.8)]和不吃其他水果[AOR = 1.8,95% CI (1.1,2.8)]与营养不良有显著关联:在这项以医疗机构为基础的研究中,营养不良的负担很重。最低财富五分位数、膳食多样性得分低、贫血以及孕妇及其伴侣受教育程度低都与营养不良有关。因此,在产前护理期间提供饮食多样性咨询、对孕妇进行健康宣传和教育以及增强妇女创收活动的能力是解决营养不良问题的关键干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Association Between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Atherogenic Indices of Plasma Among Young Sedentary Males. 久坐不动的年轻男性血浆中性激素结合球蛋白与致动脉粥样硬化指数之间的关系
IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-02-23 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231155006
Ali Mohammadrezaei, Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani, Mahdieh Abbasalizad-Farhangi, Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi, Reihaneh Mousavi

Background: Males are more likely than females to suffer from cardiovascular disease (CVD). So, sex hormones may modify these variations and affect the lipid profile. We examined the relationship between sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and CVD risk factors among young males in this study.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we measured total testosterone, SHBG, lipids, glucose, insulin, antioxidant parameters, and anthropometric factors in 48 young males in the age range of 18 to 40 years. Atherogenic indices of plasma were calculated. In this study, a partial correlation analysis was carried out to assess the relationship between SHBG and other variables after adjustment for confounders.

Results: According to the results of multivariable analyses adjusted for age and energy, SHBG had a negative correlation with total cholesterol (r = -.454, P =.010), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -.496, P =.005), quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index, and positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = .463, P =.009). No significant correlation was observed between SHBG and triglycerides (P >.05). Several atherogenic indices of plasma have a negative correlation with SHBG levels. These include Atherogenic Index of Plasma (r = -.474, P = .006), Castelli Risk Index (CRI)1 (r = -.581, P < .001), CRI2 (r = -.564, P = .001), and Atherogenic Coefficient (r = -.581, P < .001).

Conclusion: Among young men, high plasma SHBG was associated with reduced CVD risk factors, modified lipid profile and atherogenic ratios, and better glycemic markers. Therefore, reduced SHBG concentrations could be a prognostic marker of CVD among young sedentary males.

背景:男性比女性更容易罹患心血管疾病(CVD)。因此,性激素可能会改变这些变化并影响血脂状况。本研究探讨了性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)与年轻男性心血管疾病风险因素之间的关系:我们采用横断面设计,测量了 48 名 18 至 40 岁年轻男性的总睾酮、SHBG、血脂、血糖、胰岛素、抗氧化参数和人体测量因素。计算了血浆中的致动脉粥样硬化指数。在这项研究中,对混杂因素进行调整后,进行了部分相关性分析,以评估 SHBG 与其他变量之间的关系:根据年龄和能量调整后的多变量分析结果,SHBG 与总胆固醇(r = -.454,P =.010)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(r = -.496,P =.005)、胰岛素敏感性定量检查指数呈负相关,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关(r = .463,P =.009)。在 SHBG 和甘油三酯之间没有观察到明显的相关性(P >.05)。血浆中的一些致动脉粥样硬化指数与 SHBG 水平呈负相关。这些指数包括血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(r = -.474,P = .006)、卡斯泰利风险指数(CRI)1(r = -.581,P r = -.564,P = .001)和致动脉粥样硬化系数(r = -.581,P 结论:SHBG 与血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数呈负相关:在年轻男性中,高血浆 SHBG 与心血管疾病风险因素的减少、血脂状况和致动脉粥样硬化比率的改变以及血糖指标的改善有关。因此,SHBG浓度降低可能是久坐不动的年轻男性心血管疾病的预后标志。
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引用次数: 0
Antiviral Potential of Melissa officinalis L.: A Literature Review. Melissa officinalis L.的抗病毒潜力:文献综述。
IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-01-12 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221146683
Amirhossein Behzadi, Sadegh Imani, Niloofar Deravi, Zahra Mohammad Taheri, Fatemeh Mohammadian, Zahra Moraveji, Sepideh Shavysi, Motahareh Mostafaloo, Fateme Soleimani Hadidi, Sepehr Nanbakhsh, Sepehr Olangian-Tehrani, Mohammad Hesam Marabi, Parisa Behshood, Mohadeseh Poudineh, Ali Kheirandish, Kimia Keylani, Pooya Behfarnia

The use of synthetic drugs has increased in recent years; however, herbal medicine is yet more trusted among a huge population worldwide; This could be due to minimal side effects, affordable prices, and traditional beliefs. Lemongrass (Melissa officinalis) has been widely used for reducing stress and anxiety, increasing appetite and sleep, reducing pain, healing wounds, and treating poisonous insect bites and bee stings for a long time. Today, research has shown that this plant can also fight viruses including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) through various mechanisms such as inhibiting HSV-1 from binding to host cell, inhibiting HSV-1 replication during the post-adsorption or inhibiting main protease and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, furthermore, be effective in treating related diseases. This Review investigated the antiviral properties of Melissa officinalis and its effect on viral diseases. More in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine Melissa officinaliss underlying mechanism, and more randomized controlled trials should be done to identify its effect in humans. Also, due to the usefulness and lack of side effects, it can be used more as a complementary medicine.

近年来,合成药物的使用越来越多;然而,草药却更受全世界广大民众的信赖;这可能是因为草药的副作用极小、价格实惠,而且具有传统观念。长期以来,柠檬草(Melissa officinalis)一直被广泛用于减轻压力和焦虑、增进食欲和睡眠、减轻疼痛、愈合伤口以及治疗毒虫叮咬和蜜蜂蛰伤。如今,研究表明这种植物也能通过各种机制抗病毒,包括严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV),如抑制 HSV-1 与宿主细胞结合、抑制 HSV-1 在吸附后的复制或抑制 SARS-CoV-2 的主要蛋白酶和尖峰蛋白,并能有效治疗相关疾病。本综述研究了香蜂草的抗病毒特性及其对病毒性疾病的影响。要确定 Melissa officinaliss 的内在机制,还需要进行更多的体外和体内研究,并应进行更多的随机对照试验,以确定其对人体的作用。此外,由于其有用性和无副作用,可更多地将其用作辅助药物。
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引用次数: 0
Fermented Gluten-Free Multi-Grain Cereal Paste Development: The Role of the Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) as a Dietary Supplement. 发酵无麸质杂粮糊的开发:橙肉甘薯(OFSP)作为膳食补充剂的作用
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231155007
Abiola Folakemi Olaniran, Clinton Emeka Okonkwo, Yetunde Mary Iranloye, Olajumoke Olubunmi Morakinyo, Abiola Ezekiel Taiwo, Oluwakemi Christianah Erinle, Oluwaseun Peter Bamidele, Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo, Adekunbi Adetola Malomo, Omorefosa Osarenkhoe Osemwegie

Vitamin A deficiencies is a becoming persistent among young children and a growing concern to parents in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in crisis-affected areas. Fermented cereal paste from maize, millets, and sorghum grains are significant food for young children. Thus, the study focuses on food fortification using orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) as fortifier as studies have confirmed the presence of nutrients that can help meet the Vitamin A dietary requirement. The cereals were soaked ambient temperature (27 ± 1°C) for 72 hours and were blended with OFSP (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50), and the formulated products were studied for Vitamin A, β-carotene, proximate composition, physicochemical, functional properties, and storage. Application of OFSP as forticant increased the Vitamin A (4.98-6.65 mg/100 g), β-carotene (0.10-0.17 mg/100 g) and the calorific value (222.03-301.75 kcal) of the gluten-free multi-grain cereal paste. The addition of OFSP also increased the ash content (1.41%-3.35%), crude fiber (2.56%-4.225%), carbohydrate (39.83%-48.35%), total solid content (55.20%-60.87%), and water absorption capacity (112.20%-137.49%) of the formulated cereal samples. The fortified fermented paste was objectively stable throughout on the shelf from the storage studies. The study deduced that addition of orange-fleshed sweet potato to fermented mixed cereal paste as a fortifier can help increase the nutritional quality of the complementary food.

维生素A缺乏症在撒哈拉以南非洲,特别是受危机影响地区的幼儿中越来越普遍,也日益引起父母的关注。由玉米、小米和高粱谷物制成的发酵谷物糊是幼儿的重要食物。因此,研究的重点是食品强化使用橙皮甘薯(OFSP)作为强化剂,因为研究已经证实存在可以帮助满足维生素A饮食需求的营养物质。在室温(27±1℃)浸泡72小时后,与OFSP(90:10、80:20、70:30、60:40、50:50)混合,对配制后的谷物进行维生素A、β-胡萝卜素、近似组成、理化、功能特性和贮藏性能的研究。添加OFSP可提高无麸质杂粮糊的维生素A (4.98 ~ 6.65 mg/100 g)、β-胡萝卜素(0.10 ~ 0.17 mg/100 g)和发热量(222.03 ~ 301.75 kcal)。此外,OFSP的添加还提高了配方谷物样品的灰分含量(1.41% ~ 3.35%)、粗纤维含量(2.56% ~ 4.225%)、碳水化合物含量(39.83% ~ 48.35%)、总固含量(55.20% ~ 60.87%)和吸水率(112.20% ~ 137.49%)。从贮藏研究来看,强化发酵膏在货架上是客观稳定的。研究推断,在发酵的混合谷物糊中添加橙皮甘薯作为强化剂,有助于提高辅食的营养质量。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of a Single Dose of a Probiotic Nutritional Supplement (AB001) on Absorption of Ethylalcohol: Results From a Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study. 单剂量益生菌营养补充剂(AB001)对乙醇吸收的影响:来自随机双盲交叉研究的结果
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221141174
Andreas Pfützner, Anke Pfützner, Mina Hanna, Filiz Demircik, Daniela Sachsenheimer, Tobias Wittig, Johan de Faire

Background: We conducted a prospective placebo-controlled double-blind randomized Study to assess the impact of a single dose of a nutritional Supplement (AB001) on alcohol absorption in healthy subjects. Other objectives were the impact on breath alcohol content, cognitive function 1 hour after alcohol uptake and tolerability.

Method: A total of 24 healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study (12 male, 12 female, age: 28.3 ± 10.8 years, BMI: 23.5 ± 5.7 kg/m²). On the experimental day, they ingested a light breakfast together with a single dose (2 capsules) of AB001 (or placebo) and drank 2 moderate glasses of spirit (a total of 0.6 g/kg body weight). Breath alcohol tests and blood draws for determination of blood alcohol levels were performed for up to 6 hours. After crossover, the experiment was repeated in the following week. Areas under the curves were calculated to determine alcohol absorption rates.

Results: There was a significant reduction of blood alcohol by 10.1% (P < .001) with AB001, when compared to placebo. There was a less pronounced but also significant reduction of alcohol in the breath test by 7.2% (P < .05). No difference in the cognitive function test between AB001 and placebo could be observed 60 minutes after alcohol ingestion (22.6 ± 8.0 seconds vs 23.0 ± 11.2 seconds, n.s.). The supplement uptake was well tolerated and there were no adverse events related to the study intervention.

Conclusion: Uptake of a single dose of AB001 shortly before drinking alcohol significantly reduced plasma alcohol and breath alcohol concentrations, but the effect was less pronounced compared to chronic uptake as shown previously.

背景:我们进行了一项前瞻性安慰剂对照双盲随机研究,以评估单剂量营养补充剂(AB001)对健康受试者酒精吸收的影响。其他目标是对呼吸酒精含量、摄入酒精1小时后认知功能和耐受性的影响。方法:选取24名健康志愿者,其中男性12人,女性12人,年龄28.3±10.8岁,BMI 23.5±5.7 kg/m²。在实验当天,他们吃了一顿清淡的早餐,同时服用了单剂量(2粒胶囊)AB001(或安慰剂),并喝了2杯适量的烈酒(总计0.6 g/kg体重)。呼气酒精测试和抽血以确定血液酒精水平进行了长达6小时。交叉后,在接下来的一周内重复实验。计算曲线下的面积以确定酒精吸收率。结果:血液酒精浓度显著降低10.1% (P P结论:在饮酒前不久服用单剂量AB001可显著降低血浆酒精和呼气酒精浓度,但与之前所示的慢性服用相比,效果不那么明显。
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引用次数: 0
Protein Quality, Glycemic and Metabolic Indices and Anthropometric Features Among Overweight and Obese Adults. 超重和肥胖成人的蛋白质质量、血糖和代谢指数和人体测量特征。
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231181038
Ensiye Soleimani, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi

Background: Various studies have shown an inverse relationship between the quality of protein intake based on essential amino acids (EAAs) with obesity and its complications. We assumed that increasing EAAs-based protein intake quality improves glycemic and metabolic markers and anthropometric measurements in obese and overweight people.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 180 obese and overweight participants aged 18 to 35. Dietary information was obtained using an 80-item food frequency questionnaire. The total intake of EAAs was calculated using the United States department of agriculture (USDA) database. Quality protein was defined as the ratio of EAAs (gr) to total dietary protein (gr). Sociodemographic status, physical activity (PA), and anthropometric characteristics were evaluated using a valid and reliable method. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests adjusted for sex, PA, age, energy, and body mass index (BMI) were used to measure this association.

Results: Protein quality intake was highest among the group with the lowest weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and fat mass (FM); and on the other hand, the fat-free mass (FFM) has increased; also Increasing the quality of protein intake improved the lipid profile and some glycemic indices and insulin sensitivity, although this association was not significant.

Conclusions: Increasing the quality of protein intake significantly improved anthropometric measurements, and also improved some glycemic and metabolic indices although, their relationship was not significant.

背景:各种研究表明,以必需氨基酸(EAAs)为基础的蛋白质摄入质量与肥胖及其并发症之间存在反比关系。我们假设增加基于easas的蛋白质摄入质量可以改善肥胖和超重人群的血糖和代谢指标以及人体测量值。方法:本横断面研究包括180名18至35岁的肥胖和超重参与者。饮食信息是通过80项食物频率问卷获得的。eaa的总摄入量是使用美国农业部(USDA)数据库计算的。优质蛋白质定义为EAAs (gr)与饲粮总蛋白质(gr)之比。使用有效可靠的方法评估社会人口状况、身体活动(PA)和人体测量特征。采用协方差分析(ANCOVA)检验校正性别、PA、年龄、能量和身体质量指数(BMI)来测量这种关联。结果:体重、体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、臀围(HC)、腰臀比(WHR)、脂肪量(FM)最低组蛋白质质量摄取量最高;另一方面,无脂质量(FFM)增加;增加蛋白质摄入质量也改善了血脂和一些血糖指数以及胰岛素敏感性,尽管这种关联并不显著。结论:提高蛋白质摄入质量可显著改善人体测量指标,并可改善某些血糖和代谢指标,但两者之间的关系不显著。
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引用次数: 1
Does Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake Associate With Bone Mineral Density and Limb Structural Changes in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis? 饮食中多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入与早期类风湿关节炎的骨密度和肢体结构改变有关吗?
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231176169
Annika Valner, Raili Müller, Mart Kull, Kaja Põlluste, Margus Lember, Riina Kallikorm

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that can result in bone erosion, lean mass lowering, and increase of fat mass without changes in body weight. The dietary consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been assessed in many studies due to their potential anti-inflammatory effect.

Aim: The aim of this research was to identify if dietary intake of PUFAs associates with bone mineral density (BMD) and limb structural changes in early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) compared to a population-based control group. The study was conducted because previous results have been insufficient.

Methods: The study group consisted of 83 ERA patients and 321 control subjects. A dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine was used to measure hip, lumbar spine, and radius BMD, as well as arm and leg fat, lean, and bone mass. Dietary habits and inflammatory markers were assessed to evaluate the effects to BMD and limb structural changes.

Results: In ERA subjects, higher dietary consumption of PUFAs was associated with a decrease in arm fat mass (b -28.17, P = .02) and possibly with higher lumbar BMD (b 0.008, P= .058). Limb bone and lean mass changes were not associated with dietary intake of PUFAs.

Conclusion: Balanced nutrition is essential. Consuming PUFAs could be beneficial in ERA preventing structural changes to hands, but additional research is needed.

背景:类风湿关节炎(RA)是一种炎症性疾病,可导致骨质侵蚀、瘦质量降低和脂肪量增加,而体重却没有变化。由于多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)具有潜在的抗炎作用,因此在许多研究中对其膳食消耗进行了评估。目的:本研究的目的是确定与以人群为基础的对照组相比,膳食摄入PUFAs是否与早期类风湿关节炎(ERA)患者的骨矿物质密度(BMD)和肢体结构变化相关。之所以进行这项研究,是因为以前的结果不够充分。方法:研究组为ERA患者83例,对照组321例。采用双能x线骨密度仪(DXA)测量髋部、腰椎和桡骨骨密度,以及手臂和腿部脂肪、瘦骨量和骨量。评估饮食习惯和炎症标志物对骨密度和肢体结构变化的影响。结果:在ERA受试者中,较高的膳食摄取PUFAs与手臂脂肪量的减少(b -28.17, P = 0.02)以及可能与较高的腰椎骨密度(b 0.008, P = 0.058)相关。肢体骨和瘦肉质量的变化与膳食中PUFAs的摄入无关。结论:均衡营养至关重要。摄入pufa可能有助于ERA防止手部结构变化,但还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity Levels Among People With Type 2 Diabetes. 2型糖尿病患者的饮食模式和身体活动水平
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231189591
Thamina Rashid, Badder Hina Afnan, Akhter Ali Baloch, Saba Mughal, Mohammad Hasan, Muhammad Umar Khan

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the association of eating habits with the dietary patterns of people with diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Dow University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A total 301 patients aged >18 with type 2 diabetes came to Outpatient department were recruited. Structured questionnaire was used to assess general characteristics, Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and dietary intake.

Results: A total of 301 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. The average age of patients was 51.6 (SD ± 11.1) years which ranged from 21 to 80 years whereas the average BMI was 27.2 kg / m2 (SD ± 5.6). Overall, 42% of patients were found to often have less than 1 serving of fruit, and 45% had less than 3 servings of vegetables daily. Of all, 77 (26%) patients often distributed carbohydrates all over the day. Results revealed that HbA1c was higher in those patients who took more than 3 roti (approximately each roti weight 60-80 g) (P-value < .001) and full plate rice approximately 300 to 355 g cooked weight in a whole day (P-value < .001) as compared to those patients whose intake of roti was 3 or less than 3 and rice was a half plate. Moreover, out of 301 patients, 102 were found physically active (52% females and 48% males), while 199 were not active. Pain in legs and lack of motivation were common barrier to physical activity.

Conclusion: Our study revealed that patients' fruits and vegetable intake was not optimum, diet was not balanced and the quantity of starchy carbohydrates was not controlled which may affect their HBA1C levels. Proper counseling and awareness about the importance of a balanced diet and portion control in diabetes are needed.

目的:我们研究的目的是评估饮食习惯与糖尿病患者饮食模式的关系。方法:本横断面研究在巴基斯坦卡拉奇陶氏大学医院国家糖尿病和内分泌研究所(NIDE)进行。本研究共招募301例18岁以上的2型糖尿病患者。采用结构化问卷评估一般特征、人体测量、生化指标和饮食摄入量。结果:本研究共纳入301例2型糖尿病患者。患者的平均年龄为51.6 (SD±11.1)岁,年龄范围为21 ~ 80岁,平均BMI为27.2 kg / m2 (SD±5.6)。总的来说,42%的患者每天吃的水果少于一份,45%的患者每天吃的蔬菜少于三份。其中,77例(26%)患者经常在一天中分配碳水化合物。结果显示,食用3个以上roti(约每个roti重60-80 g)的患者HbA1c较高(p值p值)。结论:我们的研究表明,患者的水果和蔬菜摄入量不理想,饮食不均衡,淀粉类碳水化合物的摄入未得到控制,可能影响其HbA1c水平。适当的咨询和意识到均衡饮食和份量控制对糖尿病的重要性是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Metabolomic Alterations in Mammary Glands from Pubertal Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. 高脂肪饮食对青春期小鼠乳腺代谢组学的影响。
IF 1.7 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221148858
Lin Yan, Bret M Rust, Sneha Sundaram, Michael R Bukowski

Dietary malpractice is a risk factor for obesity. This study tested the hypothesis that consumption of a high-fat diet alters mammary metabolome in pubertal mice. We performed untargeted metabolomic analysis of primary metabolism on mammary glands from pubertal mice fed the AIN93G standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 3 weeks. We identified 97 metabolites for statistical comparisons. The HFD altered the amino acid metabolism considerably. This included elevated expression of branched-chain amino acids, non-essential amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid), and methionine sulfoxide (oxidized methionine) and an alteration in the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, elevations of fumaric acid and malic acid (both are citrate cycle intermediates) and glyceric acid (its phosphate derivatives are intermediates of glycolysis) in HFD-fed mice suggest an acceleration of both citrate cycle and glycolysis. Lower expression of glycerol, oleic acid, and palmitoleic acid, as well as decreased mammary expression of genes encoding lipid metabolism (Acaca, Fads1, Fasn, Scd1, and Srebf1) in HFD-fed mice indicate an attenuated lipid metabolism in the presence of adequate dietary fat. In conclusion, consumption of the HFD for 3 weeks alters metabolic profile of pubertal mammary glands. This alteration may affect mammary development and growth in pubertal mice.

饮食不当是肥胖的一个危险因素。这项研究验证了高脂肪饮食会改变青春期小鼠乳腺代谢组的假设。我们对饲喂AIN93G标准饮食或高脂饮食(HFD) 3周的发育期小鼠乳腺的初级代谢进行了非靶向代谢组学分析。我们鉴定出97种代谢物进行统计比较。HFD显著改变了氨基酸代谢。这包括支链氨基酸、非必需氨基酸(天冬氨酸和谷氨酸)和蛋氨酸亚砜(氧化蛋氨酸)的表达升高,以及氨基酰基- trna生物合成途径的改变。此外,富马酸和苹果酸(两者都是柠檬酸循环的中间产物)和甘油三酸(其磷酸盐衍生物是糖酵解的中间产物)在饲喂hfd的小鼠体内的升高表明柠檬酸循环和糖酵解都加速了。低表达的甘油,油酸和棕榈油酸,以及乳腺编码脂质代谢基因(Acaca, Fads1, Fasn, Scd1和Srebf1)在hfd喂养的小鼠中表达减少,表明存在足够的膳食脂肪的脂质代谢减弱。总之,食用HFD 3周改变了青春期乳腺的代谢谱。这种改变可能影响发育期小鼠的乳腺发育和生长。
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Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
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