Ocean Engineering最新文献_第2页

Reliability design of reshaping berm breakwaters based on a Bayesian modification 基于贝叶斯修正的改型护坡防波堤可靠性设计

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124594

Pouya Zarbipour, Ali Jamali Rovesht, Hassan Akbari, Mehdi Shafieefar

Berm recession is a key factor governing the stability and design of berm breakwaters, which are commonly categorized as Hardly Reshaping (HR), Partly Reshaping (PR), or Fully Reshaping (FR). Many experimental formulas were introduced for predicting berm recession; most of them are not well suited for a probabilistic design. This study employs an extensive database to develop probabilistic formulas for the reliability design of PR and FR breakwaters. For this purpose, the influences of sequential storms on cumulative berm recession were incorporated by homogenizing data from rebuilt and cumulative tests. Bayesian Linear Regression (BLR) method was then applied to derive a comprehensive prediction formula, which was evaluated against existing empirical models. Afterwards, sensitivity analysis using Sobol indices was conducted to quantify the contribution of individual parameters. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy and robustness across a wide range of conditions. To address the lack of reliability-based design tools, a simple BLR design formula considering only the stability number was also developed, introducing safety margins through statistical standard deviations. The performance of this simplified formula was assessed in comparison with available methods using the Active Learning and Monte Carlo simulations for a real case. The introduced concept provides a novel practical approach for reliable design of berm breakwaters.

护岸退行是控制护岸防波堤稳定性和设计的关键因素，护岸防波堤通常分为几乎不重塑（HR）、部分重塑（PR）和完全重塑（FR）。介绍了许多预测护堤退行的实验公式；它们中的大多数都不适合概率设计。本研究采用广泛的数据库来开发PR和FR防波堤可靠性设计的概率公式。为此，通过对重建试验和累积试验的数据进行均质化处理，纳入了序贯风暴对累积堤岸退缩的影响。利用贝叶斯线性回归（BLR）方法推导出综合预测公式，并对已有的经验模型进行了验证。然后，利用Sobol指数进行敏感性分析，量化各个参数的贡献。该模型在广泛的条件下具有较高的精度和鲁棒性。为了解决缺乏基于可靠性的设计工具的问题，还开发了一个仅考虑稳定性数的简单BLR设计公式，通过统计标准差引入安全裕度。通过主动学习和蒙特卡罗模拟，对该简化公式的性能进行了评估，并与现有方法进行了比较。提出的概念为堤防的可靠设计提供了一种新的实用方法。

{"title":"Reliability design of reshaping berm breakwaters based on a Bayesian modification","authors":"Pouya Zarbipour, Ali Jamali Rovesht, Hassan Akbari, Mehdi Shafieefar","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Berm recession is a key factor governing the stability and design of berm breakwaters, which are commonly categorized as Hardly Reshaping (HR), Partly Reshaping (PR), or Fully Reshaping (FR). Many experimental formulas were introduced for predicting berm recession; most of them are not well suited for a probabilistic design. This study employs an extensive database to develop probabilistic formulas for the reliability design of PR and FR breakwaters. For this purpose, the influences of sequential storms on cumulative berm recession were incorporated by homogenizing data from rebuilt and cumulative tests. Bayesian Linear Regression (BLR) method was then applied to derive a comprehensive prediction formula, which was evaluated against existing empirical models. Afterwards, sensitivity analysis using Sobol indices was conducted to quantify the contribution of individual parameters. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy and robustness across a wide range of conditions. To address the lack of reliability-based design tools, a simple BLR design formula considering only the stability number was also developed, introducing safety margins through statistical standard deviations. The performance of this simplified formula was assessed in comparison with available methods using the Active Learning and Monte Carlo simulations for a real case. The introduced concept provides a novel practical approach for reliable design of berm breakwaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124594"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of ice resistance in floating ice floes using hybrid temporal convolution-recurrent neural networks 基于混合时间卷积-递归神经网络的浮冰阻力预测

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124542

Jian Zhang , Youxiang Wang , Wenwen Chen , Shengquan Shi , Xianghong Huang , A.T. Bekker

Ice resistance in floating ice floes is a critical parameter for evaluating polar navigation performance and assessing the ice loads on marine and offshore structures. However, its assessment has long been constrained by the limited accuracy of empirical formulations and the high computational cost of computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD–DEM) simulations. We develop hybrid temporal surrogate models, namely a Temporal Convolutional Network–Long Short-Term Memory (TCN–LSTM) model and a Temporal Convolutional Network–Gated Recurrent Unit (TCN–GRU) model, based on data from 60 CFD–DEM simulations. Relative to the empirical formulation and single-architecture TCN and LSTM baselines, the cascaded TCN–LSTM attains R² = 0.97, MAE≈ 7.69, and MSE≈ 270.14 on the test set, while the TCN–GRU achieves R² = 0.92, MAE≈ 11.33, and MSE≈ 720.38. Within a mixed workflow that combines 30 CFD–DEM simulations with surrogate predictions for the remaining 30 cases, the end-to-end wall-clock time decreases from 1440 h to approximately 732 h and 727 h for the TCN–LSTM and TCN–GRU surrogates, respectively, corresponding to a reduction of about 49%.These results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid temporal surrogates substantially shorten the computational turnaround while preserving accuracy, thereby enabling rapid screening of polar ship concepts and preliminary ice-resistance design assessments.

浮冰的冰阻力是评估极地航行性能和评估海洋和海洋结构体冰荷载的关键参数。然而，其评估一直受到经验公式精度有限和计算流体力学-离散元法（CFD-DEM）模拟计算成本高的限制。基于60个CFD-DEM模拟数据，我们开发了混合时间代理模型，即时间卷积网络-长短期记忆（TCN-LSTM）模型和时间卷积网络-门控循环单元（TCN-GRU）模型。相对于经验公式和单架构TCN和LSTM基线，级联的TCN - LSTM在测试集上达到R2 = 0.97, MAE≈7.69,MSE≈270.14，而TCN - gru达到R2 = 0.92, MAE≈11.33,MSE≈720.38。在将30个CFD-DEM模拟与其余30个案例的替代预测相结合的混合工作流程中，对于TCN-LSTM和TCN-GRU替代方案，端到端时钟时间分别从1440小时减少到约732小时和727小时，相当于减少了约49%。这些结果表明，所提出的混合时间替代物大大缩短了计算周期，同时保持了准确性，从而能够快速筛选极地船舶概念和初步抗冰设计评估。

{"title":"Prediction of ice resistance in floating ice floes using hybrid temporal convolution-recurrent neural networks","authors":"Jian Zhang , Youxiang Wang , Wenwen Chen , Shengquan Shi , Xianghong Huang , A.T. Bekker","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ice resistance in floating ice floes is a critical parameter for evaluating polar navigation performance and assessing the ice loads on marine and offshore structures. However, its assessment has long been constrained by the limited accuracy of empirical formulations and the high computational cost of computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD–DEM) simulations. We develop hybrid temporal surrogate models, namely a Temporal Convolutional Network–Long Short-Term Memory (TCN–LSTM) model and a Temporal Convolutional Network–Gated Recurrent Unit (TCN–GRU) model, based on data from 60 CFD–DEM simulations. Relative to the empirical formulation and single-architecture TCN and LSTM baselines, the cascaded TCN–LSTM attains R<sup>2</sup> = 0.97, MAE≈ 7.69, and MSE≈ 270.14 on the test set, while the TCN–GRU achieves R<sup>2</sup> = 0.92, MAE≈ 11.33, and MSE≈ 720.38. Within a mixed workflow that combines 30 CFD–DEM simulations with surrogate predictions for the remaining 30 cases, the end-to-end wall-clock time decreases from 1440 h to approximately 732 h and 727 h for the TCN–LSTM and TCN–GRU surrogates, respectively, corresponding to a reduction of about 49%.These results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid temporal surrogates substantially shorten the computational turnaround while preserving accuracy, thereby enabling rapid screening of polar ship concepts and preliminary ice-resistance design assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124542"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study of hydrodynamics and soil responses around a sandbar and their effects on bed-level evolution 沙洲周围水动力和土壤响应及其对河床演化影响的实验研究

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124564

Mengyan Luo , Linlong Tong , Jisheng Zhang , Yakun Guo , Hao Wang , Ning Chen

Wave-sediment interactions are key to sandbar evolution in the surf zone, especially under long-period waves. In this study, a scaled cross-shore beach profile was tested in a wave flume to study hydrodynamics, pore pressure, and bed-level changes around a sandbar. The Froude-Darcy-Shields similitude ensured dynamic similarity in flow, seepage, and sediment motion between lab and field conditions. Results show significant near-bed flow asymmetry near the sandbar. With longer wave periods, maximum streamwise velocity at the boundary layer edge increases, while Euler drift velocity decreases sharply, reaching its peak negative value. Longer-period waves (T = 4.4 s) induce strong turbulent bursting, reducing Stokes drift velocity at 2 cm above the seabed by 69.4% compared to the boundary layer edge. As waves approach the sandbar, pore pressure amplitudes rise, creating an upward gradient that reduces the effective weight of sediment. Long-period waves enhance seepage, promote liquefaction, and increase sediment transport near the sandbar. Erosion volume correlates strongly with relative wave height (R² = 0.896) and Lagrangian drift velocity (R² = 0.809). The maximum vertical pore pressure gradient also correlates significantly with erosion. These findings clarify sandbar evolution mechanisms and improve erosion prediction.

波浪-泥沙相互作用是冲浪带沙洲演化的关键，特别是在长周期波浪作用下。在这项研究中，在波浪水槽中测试了一个跨海岸的海滩剖面，以研究沙洲周围的水动力学、孔隙压力和床面变化。弗劳德-达西-希尔兹相似性确保了实验室和现场条件下流动、渗流和泥沙运动的动态相似性。结果表明，沙洲附近的近床流不对称性显著。随着波周期的延长，边界层边缘的最大流向速度增大，欧拉漂移速度急剧减小，达到负值峰值。较长周期波（T = 4.4 s）引起强烈的湍流破裂，使海床上方2cm处的Stokes漂移速度比边界层边缘降低了69.4%。当波浪接近沙洲时，孔隙压力振幅上升，形成一个向上的梯度，减少了沉积物的有效重量。长周期波增强渗流，促进液化，增加沙洲附近的输沙量。侵蚀体积与相对波高（R2 = 0.896）和拉格朗日漂速（R2 = 0.809）相关性强。最大垂直孔隙压力梯度与侵蚀也有显著的相关性。这些发现阐明了沙洲的演化机制，提高了侵蚀预测水平。

{"title":"Experimental study of hydrodynamics and soil responses around a sandbar and their effects on bed-level evolution","authors":"Mengyan Luo , Linlong Tong , Jisheng Zhang , Yakun Guo , Hao Wang , Ning Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wave-sediment interactions are key to sandbar evolution in the surf zone, especially under long-period waves. In this study, a scaled cross-shore beach profile was tested in a wave flume to study hydrodynamics, pore pressure, and bed-level changes around a sandbar. The Froude-Darcy-Shields similitude ensured dynamic similarity in flow, seepage, and sediment motion between lab and field conditions. Results show significant near-bed flow asymmetry near the sandbar. With longer wave periods, maximum streamwise velocity at the boundary layer edge increases, while Euler drift velocity decreases sharply, reaching its peak negative value. Longer-period waves (<em>T</em> = 4.4 s) induce strong turbulent bursting, reducing Stokes drift velocity at 2 cm above the seabed by 69.4% compared to the boundary layer edge. As waves approach the sandbar, pore pressure amplitudes rise, creating an upward gradient that reduces the effective weight of sediment. Long-period waves enhance seepage, promote liquefaction, and increase sediment transport near the sandbar. Erosion volume correlates strongly with relative wave height (<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.896) and Lagrangian drift velocity (<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.809). The maximum vertical pore pressure gradient also correlates significantly with erosion. These findings clarify sandbar evolution mechanisms and improve erosion prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124564"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Six-component load reconstruction for offshore wind turbine blades considering deformation-induced additional moments 考虑变形附加力矩的海上风力机叶片六分量载荷重构

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124531

Baoxuan Wang , Xu Liang , Lizhong Wang , Fangyuan Sheng , Xiang Wang , Yue Chen , Jianwei Zhang , Shengjie Rui , Rui Liu

Regarding the reconstruction of concentrated aeroelastic loads on three-dimensional wind turbine blades under large deformation, existing load application methods using small-deformation assumptions cannot guarantee six-component internal forces' consistency at each load-definition section. Accordingly, this study establishes the equilibrium between six-component concentrated loads (including tension, shear, bending, and torsion) and distributed nodal forces in the deformed configuration. Both additional bending and torsional moments, induced respectively by spanwise and transverse forces under deflection, are fully considered. With a 5-MW monopile-supported offshore wind turbine operating under a direction-changing extreme coherent gust as an example, a time-domain aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation was performed. Geometrically-exact beam loads were then mapped to the layered-shell model for verification, considering three section-selection schemes and two reconstruction strategies. Results show that the proposed methodology limits the errors at each load-definition section to within 10⁻⁶. Conversely, for the average target loads at each station, existing methods may underestimate shear forces by over 8.6% and exhibit error magnitudes of up to 32.2%, 17.6%, and 196.2% for lead-lag, flapwise, and torsional moments, respectively. Furthermore, section discretization slightly influences the global deformation. This study could guide refined load application under large deformation and facilitate in-depth understanding of flexible blades’ structural behavior under coupled multi-axial loads.

对于大变形下三维风力机叶片集中气动弹性载荷的重建，现有的基于小变形假设的载荷施加方法无法保证各载荷定义段六分量内力的一致性。因此，本研究建立了变形构型中六分量集中荷载（包括拉力、剪切、弯曲和扭转）与分布节点力之间的平衡。充分考虑了挠度作用下横向力和横向力分别引起的附加弯矩和扭转矩。以在变向极端相干阵风作用下运行的5mw单桩式海上风力机为例，进行了时域气动-水力-伺服-弹性仿真。然后考虑三种截面选择方案和两种重建策略，将几何精确的梁荷载映射到层壳模型中进行验证。结果表明，所提出的方法将每个负载定义部分的误差限制在10−6以内。相反，对于每个站点的平均目标载荷，现有的方法可能会低估剪切力超过8.6%，并且在超前滞后、扑动和扭转力矩方面的误差分别高达32.2%、17.6%和196.2%。此外，截面离散化对整体变形影响较小。该研究可以指导大变形下的精细化载荷应用，有助于深入了解多轴载荷耦合作用下柔性叶片的结构性能。

{"title":"Six-component load reconstruction for offshore wind turbine blades considering deformation-induced additional moments","authors":"Baoxuan Wang , Xu Liang , Lizhong Wang , Fangyuan Sheng , Xiang Wang , Yue Chen , Jianwei Zhang , Shengjie Rui , Rui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regarding the reconstruction of concentrated aeroelastic loads on three-dimensional wind turbine blades under large deformation, existing load application methods using small-deformation assumptions cannot guarantee six-component internal forces' consistency at each load-definition section. Accordingly, this study establishes the equilibrium between six-component concentrated loads (including tension, shear, bending, and torsion) and distributed nodal forces in the deformed configuration. Both additional bending and torsional moments, induced respectively by spanwise and transverse forces under deflection, are fully considered. With a 5-MW monopile-supported offshore wind turbine operating under a direction-changing extreme coherent gust as an example, a time-domain aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation was performed. Geometrically-exact beam loads were then mapped to the layered-shell model for verification, considering three section-selection schemes and two reconstruction strategies. Results show that the proposed methodology limits the errors at each load-definition section to within 10<sup>−6</sup>. Conversely, for the average target loads at each station, existing methods may underestimate shear forces by over 8.6% and exhibit error magnitudes of up to 32.2%, 17.6%, and 196.2% for lead-lag, flapwise, and torsional moments, respectively. Furthermore, section discretization slightly influences the global deformation. This study could guide refined load application under large deformation and facilitate in-depth understanding of flexible blades’ structural behavior under coupled multi-axial loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bore-like waves propagation and impact on a permeable slope over a dry bed: Impact loads, stress distribution, and run-up 在干床上的可渗透斜坡上的钻孔波传播和冲击：冲击载荷、应力分布和上升

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124644

Qian Yang , Pengcheng Zhu , Cui Mai , Caisheng Huang , Shicheng Li , Xiaolong He

In this study, the run-up of bore-like waves on permeable slopes over a dry bed is examined using a modified Darcy–Brinkman–Biot model. This formulation incorporates viscous forces and pore-scale surface tension, enabling a more accurate representation of flow processes within porous media. The analysis explores the influence of slope angle, permeability, and porosity on hydrodynamic responses, including flow structures, intrusion volume, run-up height, impact forces, and von Mises stress distributions. Results reveal that higher porosity and permeability enhance gas–liquid exchange at the slope interface, producing density discontinuities and strong pressure oscillations, whereas lower values suppress these effects. The final intrusion volume increases with porosity and permeability but decreases with slope angle. Run-up height decreases with both permeability and slope angle due to energy dissipation and momentum loss, and theoretical predictions agree with simulations within 5 % for height and 25% for impact force. Von Mises stress concentrates at the gas–liquid interface, with greater variability for larger intrusion volumes. These findings provide quantitative insight into wave–structure interactions in porous media.

在这项研究中，钻孔波在干燥床上的渗透性斜坡上的上升使用改进的Darcy-Brinkman-Biot模型进行了检查。该配方结合了粘性力和孔隙尺度表面张力，能够更准确地表示多孔介质中的流动过程。分析探讨了坡角、渗透率和孔隙度对流体动力响应的影响，包括流动结构、侵入体积、助跑高度、冲击力和von Mises应力分布。结果表明，较高的孔隙度和渗透率会促进斜坡界面的气液交换，产生密度不连续和强烈的压力振荡，而较低的孔隙度和渗透率则会抑制这些影响。最终侵入体积随孔隙度和渗透率的增大而增大，随坡角的增大而减小。由于能量耗散和动量损失，飞升高度随渗透率和坡角的减小而减小，理论预测与模拟结果一致，飞升高度在5%以内，冲击力在25%以内。Von Mises应力集中在气液界面，且侵入体积越大，变异性越大。这些发现为多孔介质中的波-结构相互作用提供了定量的见解。

{"title":"Bore-like waves propagation and impact on a permeable slope over a dry bed: Impact loads, stress distribution, and run-up","authors":"Qian Yang , Pengcheng Zhu , Cui Mai , Caisheng Huang , Shicheng Li , Xiaolong He","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the run-up of bore-like waves on permeable slopes over a dry bed is examined using a modified Darcy–Brinkman–Biot model. This formulation incorporates viscous forces and pore-scale surface tension, enabling a more accurate representation of flow processes within porous media. The analysis explores the influence of slope angle, permeability, and porosity on hydrodynamic responses, including flow structures, intrusion volume, run-up height, impact forces, and von Mises stress distributions. Results reveal that higher porosity and permeability enhance gas–liquid exchange at the slope interface, producing density discontinuities and strong pressure oscillations, whereas lower values suppress these effects. The final intrusion volume increases with porosity and permeability but decreases with slope angle. Run-up height decreases with both permeability and slope angle due to energy dissipation and momentum loss, and theoretical predictions agree with simulations within 5 % for height and 25% for impact force. Von Mises stress concentrates at the gas–liquid interface, with greater variability for larger intrusion volumes. These findings provide quantitative insight into wave–structure interactions in porous media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of seepage flow on sediment incipient motion around buried pipelines 渗流对埋地管道周围泥沙初始运动的影响

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124579

Titi Sui , Tianyu Lv , Musheng Yang , Chi Zhang , Hans Bihs , Weiqiu Chen , Zhiyong Zhang , Jinhai Zheng

Sediment incipient motion refers to the initial stage of localized scouring around pipelines. Previous numerical studies have often simplified the seabed by treating it as impermeable, which overlooks the effects of seepage and leads to an underestimation of sediment entrainment risks. This study integrates the SST

k - ω

turbulence model with a porous seabed model within the OpenFOAM framework. The model was first validated using previously available analytical solutions and experimental measurements. Then it was employed to simulate the seabed responses around both half-buried and fully buried pipelines. The effects of seepage flow on sediment incipient motion around these pipelines were systematically examined. The results show: (1) The accumulation of pore water pressure around the pipeline significantly increases seepage, which promotes the incipient motion of sediment. (2) The influence of the pipeline in promoting sediment incipient motion extends one to three times farther upstream compared to downstream, and this asymmetry diminishes when the pipeline is buried deeper. (3) The influence of the pipeline’s presence on sediment incipient motion decreases with higher soil permeability and shear modulus, while changes in soil saturation have a minimal effect.

泥沙初动是指管道周围局部冲刷的初始阶段。以往的数值研究往往将海床简化为不透水的，忽略了渗流的影响，导致对泥沙夹带风险的低估。本研究将SST k−ω湍流模型与OpenFOAM框架内的多孔海床模型相结合。该模型首先使用先前可用的分析解决方案和实验测量进行验证。然后用它模拟了半埋和全埋管道周围的海底响应。系统地研究了渗流对管道周围泥沙初始运动的影响。结果表明：(1)管道周围孔隙水压力的积累显著增加了渗流，促进了泥沙的初动；(2)管道对泥沙起动的促进作用上游是下游的1 ~ 3倍，管道埋深后这种不对称性减弱。(3)管道的存在对泥沙起沙运动的影响随着土体渗透性和剪切模量的增大而减小，而土体饱和度的变化对泥沙起沙运动的影响最小。

{"title":"Effect of seepage flow on sediment incipient motion around buried pipelines","authors":"Titi Sui , Tianyu Lv , Musheng Yang , Chi Zhang , Hans Bihs , Weiqiu Chen , Zhiyong Zhang , Jinhai Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sediment incipient motion refers to the initial stage of localized scouring around pipelines. Previous numerical studies have often simplified the seabed by treating it as impermeable, which overlooks the effects of seepage and leads to an underestimation of sediment entrainment risks. This study integrates the SST <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> turbulence model with a porous seabed model within the OpenFOAM framework. The model was first validated using previously available analytical solutions and experimental measurements. Then it was employed to simulate the seabed responses around both half-buried and fully buried pipelines. The effects of seepage flow on sediment incipient motion around these pipelines were systematically examined. The results show: (1) The accumulation of pore water pressure around the pipeline significantly increases seepage, which promotes the incipient motion of sediment. (2) The influence of the pipeline in promoting sediment incipient motion extends one to three times farther upstream compared to downstream, and this asymmetry diminishes when the pipeline is buried deeper. (3) The influence of the pipeline’s presence on sediment incipient motion decreases with higher soil permeability and shear modulus, while changes in soil saturation have a minimal effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124579"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaking table tests of four-bucket jacket foundation for offshore wind turbines in soft clay 软粘土中海上风力发电机组四筒夹套基础振动台试验

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124568

Xinglei Cheng , Zhixin Zhang , Xuyue Wang , Kaixuan Yang , Dechun Lu , Xiuli Du

The evaluation of dynamic characteristics in four-bucket jacket foundations for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) is crucial for seismic design. To investigate the seismic behavior of an OWT supported by a four-bucket jacket foundation, a series of shaking table experiments were carefully designed and conducted. Six loading conditions were applied, involving three historical ground motion records scaled to peak ground accelerations (PGA) of 0.1g and 0.3g to simulate both minor and intense seismic events. The seismic response law of the OWT with a four-bucket jacket foundation were summarized, and its failure mechanisms were identified. Test results indicate that the acceleration response of the OWT superstructure is significantly greater than that of the surrounding soil. Under strong earthquakes, the lateral displacement at the tower top may exceed the serviceability limit state (SLS) requirements. Due to dynamic soil-structure interaction, the soil outside the bucket experiences more significant excess pore water pressure (EPWP) accumulation compared to the soil inside. The constraining effect of the bucket wall significantly suppresses EPWP accumulation inside the bucket. Furthermore, the kinematic interaction exerts a more pronounced influence on the seismic response of the bucket foundation than inertial interaction. These findings provide valuable insights to support the seismic design of OWTs with four-bucket jacket foundations.

海上风力机四筒夹套基础动力特性评估是海上风力机抗震设计的重要内容。为了研究四筒筒夹套基础支撑的轻型轻型桥梁的抗震性能，精心设计并进行了一系列振动台试验。应用了六种加载条件，涉及三个历史地震动记录，分别缩放到0.1g和0.3g的峰值地加速度（PGA），以模拟轻微和强烈的地震事件。总结了四筒筒夹套基础OWT的地震反应规律，并对其破坏机理进行了分析。试验结果表明，OWT上部结构的加速度响应明显大于周围土体的加速度响应。在强震作用下，塔顶侧移可能会超过使用极限状态（SLS）要求。由于土-结构动力相互作用，桶外土体的超孔隙水压力（EPWP）积累比桶内土体更为显著。桶壁的约束作用显著抑制了EPWP在桶内的积累。此外，运动相互作用对桶形基础地震响应的影响比惯性相互作用更显著。这些发现为支持四桶套基础owt的抗震设计提供了有价值的见解。

{"title":"Shaking table tests of four-bucket jacket foundation for offshore wind turbines in soft clay","authors":"Xinglei Cheng , Zhixin Zhang , Xuyue Wang , Kaixuan Yang , Dechun Lu , Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of dynamic characteristics in four-bucket jacket foundations for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) is crucial for seismic design. To investigate the seismic behavior of an OWT supported by a four-bucket jacket foundation, a series of shaking table experiments were carefully designed and conducted. Six loading conditions were applied, involving three historical ground motion records scaled to peak ground accelerations (PGA) of 0.1g and 0.3g to simulate both minor and intense seismic events. The seismic response law of the OWT with a four-bucket jacket foundation were summarized, and its failure mechanisms were identified. Test results indicate that the acceleration response of the OWT superstructure is significantly greater than that of the surrounding soil. Under strong earthquakes, the lateral displacement at the tower top may exceed the serviceability limit state (SLS) requirements. Due to dynamic soil-structure interaction, the soil outside the bucket experiences more significant excess pore water pressure (EPWP) accumulation compared to the soil inside. The constraining effect of the bucket wall significantly suppresses EPWP accumulation inside the bucket. Furthermore, the kinematic interaction exerts a more pronounced influence on the seismic response of the bucket foundation than inertial interaction. These findings provide valuable insights to support the seismic design of OWTs with four-bucket jacket foundations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124568"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying contribution of soil spring in multi-spring models for laterally loaded monopiles 横向荷载单桩多弹簧模型中土壤弹簧的定量贡献

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124638

Yajun Wu , Mengxue Li , Weichao Li , Zefeng Zhou , Min Yang , Lunbo Luo

Monopiles are widely used to support offshore wind turbines and are primarily subjected to lateral loads from winds, waves, and currents. With diameters up to 10 m and slenderness ratios (i.e. embedded length-to-diameter, L_em/D) around 6, monopiles behave rigidly. The most commonly used method for design of monopiles is API recommended P-y method, originally developed for slender piles (L_em/D > 30) used by offshore oil and gas applications, which fails to capture the three-dimensional interaction effects, like lateral shear force developed at the tip. To address this, multi-spring models have been recommended. While offering improved physical representation, the individual contribution of each spring has not been quantitatively assessed. This study implements the multi-spring model in Abaqus and systematically investigates the contribution of each spring in resisting lateral loading. Parametric analyses are conducted to evaluate how these contributions evolve with slenderness ratio. Results show that for monopiles with low slenderness ratios (L_em/D < 6), tip and shaft moment/shear resistances make non-negligible contributions, and multi-spring model is essential to capture the soil-monopile interaction accurately. In contrast, for more slender piles, lateral resistance dominates and simplified models may be sufficient. Finally, the slenderness threshold is introduced to guide efficient and reliable monopile design.

单桩被广泛用于支撑海上风力涡轮机，主要承受来自风、波浪和洋流的横向载荷。单桩的直径可达10米，长细比（即嵌入长度与直径之比，Lem/D）约为6，其性能非常稳定。单桩设计中最常用的方法是API推荐的P-y方法，该方法最初是为海上油气应用中使用的细长桩（Lem/D > 30）开发的，无法捕捉三维相互作用效应，例如在顶端产生的侧向剪力。为了解决这个问题，建议使用多弹簧模型。虽然提供了更好的实物表现，但每个春季的个人贡献尚未得到定量评估。本研究在Abaqus中实现了多弹簧模型，系统地研究了每个弹簧在抗侧向荷载中的贡献。进行了参数分析，以评估这些贡献如何随着长细比的变化而变化。结果表明，对于低长细比（Lem/D < 6）的单桩，端部和轴部弯矩/剪切阻力的贡献不可忽略，多弹簧模型对于准确捕捉土-单桩相互作用至关重要。对于较细的桩，以侧阻力为主，简化模型即可。最后，引入长细比阈值，指导高效可靠的单桩设计。

{"title":"Quantifying contribution of soil spring in multi-spring models for laterally loaded monopiles","authors":"Yajun Wu , Mengxue Li , Weichao Li , Zefeng Zhou , Min Yang , Lunbo Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monopiles are widely used to support offshore wind turbines and are primarily subjected to lateral loads from winds, waves, and currents. With diameters up to 10 m and slenderness ratios (i.e. embedded length-to-diameter, <em>L</em><sub>em</sub>/<em>D</em>) around 6, monopiles behave rigidly. The most commonly used method for design of monopiles is API recommended <em>P-y</em> method, originally developed for slender piles (<em>L</em><sub>em</sub>/<em>D</em> > 30) used by offshore oil and gas applications, which fails to capture the three-dimensional interaction effects, like lateral shear force developed at the tip. To address this, multi-spring models have been recommended. While offering improved physical representation, the individual contribution of each spring has not been quantitatively assessed. This study implements the multi-spring model in Abaqus and systematically investigates the contribution of each spring in resisting lateral loading. Parametric analyses are conducted to evaluate how these contributions evolve with slenderness ratio. Results show that for monopiles with low slenderness ratios (<em>L</em><sub>em</sub>/<em>D</em> < 6), tip and shaft moment/shear resistances make non-negligible contributions, and multi-spring model is essential to capture the soil-monopile interaction accurately. In contrast, for more slender piles, lateral resistance dominates and simplified models may be sufficient. Finally, the slenderness threshold is introduced to guide efficient and reliable monopile design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124638"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic behavior of deep-sea floor drill rigs under the rheological contact force 流变接触力作用下深海钻机的动力特性

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124566

Jingyuan Zhang , Hailong Li , Zhifan Zhang , Jie Yan , Longkan Wang , Guiyong Zhang

The landing of the deep-sea floor drill rig is a crucial step in its underwater deployment prior to operation. However, traditional Kelvin models fail to accurately describe the rheological behaviors of sediments during the landing impact process. To address this limitation, this paper proposes an improved contact force model that innovatively incorporates the Zener model—capable of characterizing rheological phenomena such as relaxation and creep effects of sediments. The validity of the proposed model is verified through comparison with experimental data, and the maximum fitting error is reduced by 80.45% compared with the traditional Kelvin model. A dynamic model of the deep-sea floor drill rig under rheological contact forces is established using MATLAB. The dynamic interaction (including loading, unloading, and rebound) between the drill rig and the seabed is characterized by defining the motion cycle and three force-bearing phases. This enables the prediction of the drill rig's dynamic parameters under rheological contact forces and resolves the dynamic calculation challenge associated with its landing process. Finally, the effects of landing velocity and drill rig mass on the dynamic parameters and the duration proportion of the three phases are investigated. In addition, the influence of rheological sediment parameters on the extreme dynamic values of the drill rig is analyzed, and it is found that sediment stiffness exerts the most significant effect on these extreme values. Then, Two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to evaluate the drill rig's dynamic behavior under the combined influence of landing velocity and mass, and the safe landing parameter range is determined. This study provides a theoretical reference for the structural design and safety validation of deep-sea floor drill rigs.

深海海底钻井平台的着陆是作业前水下部署的关键步骤。然而，传统的开尔文模型无法准确描述沉积物在着陆撞击过程中的流变行为。为了解决这一限制，本文提出了一种改进的接触力模型，该模型创新地结合了齐纳模型，能够表征沉积物的松弛和蠕变效应等流变现象。通过与实验数据的对比，验证了所提模型的有效性，与传统开尔文模型相比，最大拟合误差减小了80.45%。利用MATLAB建立了深海钻机在流变接触力作用下的动力学模型。钻机与海床之间的动态相互作用（包括加载、卸载和回弹）通过定义运动周期和三个受力阶段来表征。这使得钻机在流变接触力作用下的动态参数预测成为可能，解决了钻机着陆过程中的动态计算难题。最后，研究了着陆速度和钻机质量对三个阶段动力学参数和持续时间比例的影响。此外，分析了流变泥沙参数对钻机动态极值的影响，发现泥沙刚度对这些极值的影响最为显著。然后，采用双因素方差分析（ANOVA）对着陆速度和质量共同影响下钻机的动力学行为进行了评价，确定了安全着陆参数范围；该研究为深海海底钻机的结构设计和安全性验证提供了理论参考。

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of deep-sea floor drill rigs under the rheological contact force","authors":"Jingyuan Zhang , Hailong Li , Zhifan Zhang , Jie Yan , Longkan Wang , Guiyong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The landing of the deep-sea floor drill rig is a crucial step in its underwater deployment prior to operation. However, traditional Kelvin models fail to accurately describe the rheological behaviors of sediments during the landing impact process. To address this limitation, this paper proposes an improved contact force model that innovatively incorporates the Zener model—capable of characterizing rheological phenomena such as relaxation and creep effects of sediments. The validity of the proposed model is verified through comparison with experimental data, and the maximum fitting error is reduced by 80.45% compared with the traditional Kelvin model. A dynamic model of the deep-sea floor drill rig under rheological contact forces is established using MATLAB. The dynamic interaction (including loading, unloading, and rebound) between the drill rig and the seabed is characterized by defining the motion cycle and three force-bearing phases. This enables the prediction of the drill rig's dynamic parameters under rheological contact forces and resolves the dynamic calculation challenge associated with its landing process. Finally, the effects of landing velocity and drill rig mass on the dynamic parameters and the duration proportion of the three phases are investigated. In addition, the influence of rheological sediment parameters on the extreme dynamic values of the drill rig is analyzed, and it is found that sediment stiffness exerts the most significant effect on these extreme values. Then, Two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to evaluate the drill rig's dynamic behavior under the combined influence of landing velocity and mass, and the safe landing parameter range is determined. This study provides a theoretical reference for the structural design and safety validation of deep-sea floor drill rigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124566"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of fatigue performance of post-fire AH32 marine steel welded joints using digital image correlation AH32钢火灾后焊接接头疲劳性能的数字图像相关评价

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Ocean Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124591

Chenfeng Li , Guanchen Wei , Zixiong Kang , Huilong Ren , Guoqing Feng

To enhance the safety assessment and repair design reliability of ship structures after fire, fatigue tests are conducted on AH32 marine steel butt joints after elevated-temperature exposure. The fatigue stresses at the welded joints are measured using complementary strain gauge and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The results demonstrate that, compared to the strain gauge method, DIC technology can directly acquire strain data at the weld based on digital images, enabling a correction of the S-N curve obtained by the strain gauge method. The modified S-N curve reveals a significant influence of post-fire temperature on the fatigue life of the butt joints, with fatigue life first increasing and then decreasing as the temperature rises. Comparative analysis between experimental S-N curves and those recommended by the International Institute of Welding (IIW) reveals systematic assessment differences: The IIW nominal stress curve demonstrates conservative predictions when validated against strain gauge data. In contrast, the IIW notch stress curve exhibits non-conservative behavior when evaluated using DIC results. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is employed to analyze the fatigue fracture morphology, explaining the influence of post-fire temperature on fatigue performance from a micromechanical perspective.

为提高船舶结构火灾后的安全评估和修复设计可靠性，对AH32船用钢对接接头进行了高温暴露疲劳试验。采用互补应变片和数字图像相关（DIC）技术测量焊接接头处的疲劳应力。结果表明，与应变片法相比，DIC技术可以直接获取焊缝处基于数字图像的应变数据，从而对应变片法得到的S-N曲线进行校正。修正S-N曲线揭示了火灾后温度对对接接头疲劳寿命的显著影响，随着温度的升高，疲劳寿命先升高后降低。对比分析了实验S-N曲线和国际焊接协会（IIW）推荐的S-N曲线之间的系统评估差异：IIW标称应力曲线在与应变片数据验证时显示出保守的预测。相比之下，当使用DIC结果评估时，IIW缺口应力曲线表现出非保守行为。最后，利用扫描电镜（SEM）对疲劳断口形貌进行了分析，从微观力学角度解释了火后温度对疲劳性能的影响。

{"title":"Evaluation of fatigue performance of post-fire AH32 marine steel welded joints using digital image correlation","authors":"Chenfeng Li , Guanchen Wei , Zixiong Kang , Huilong Ren , Guoqing Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the safety assessment and repair design reliability of ship structures after fire, fatigue tests are conducted on AH32 marine steel butt joints after elevated-temperature exposure. The fatigue stresses at the welded joints are measured using complementary strain gauge and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The results demonstrate that, compared to the strain gauge method, DIC technology can directly acquire strain data at the weld based on digital images, enabling a correction of the <em>S-N</em> curve obtained by the strain gauge method. The modified <em>S-N</em> curve reveals a significant influence of post-fire temperature on the fatigue life of the butt joints, with fatigue life first increasing and then decreasing as the temperature rises. Comparative analysis between experimental <em>S-N</em> curves and those recommended by the International Institute of Welding (IIW) reveals systematic assessment differences: The IIW nominal stress curve demonstrates conservative predictions when validated against strain gauge data. In contrast, the IIW notch stress curve exhibits non-conservative behavior when evaluated using DIC results. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is employed to analyze the fatigue fracture morphology, explaining the influence of post-fire temperature on fatigue performance from a micromechanical perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 124591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146154179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0