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Female Genital, Cutting, or Circumcision 切割女性生殖器或包皮
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/181
Rehan Haider
In tandem with cultural taboos about menstruation, girls have traditionally posited ambivalent relationships between their bodies, sexuality, and menstrual cycles.{1} From the historic menstrual hut to the modern invention of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) to the pervasive social norm of eliciting female menstruation from others (Delaney et al., 1988) menstruation was categorized as distasteful, socially deviant, and in some cases pathological. similarly, the contemporary lady regularly revels in shameful approximately our bodies in the context of sex, citing body photo issues, sexual "disorder," and matters we experience approximately every day as key sexual issues (Kleinplatz, 2001; Nobre and Pinto-Gouveia, 2008; Plante, 2006; Tiefer, 2001)1. girls routinely engage in a range of normative body practices to manage their 'disgusting' bodies (Roberts and Goldenberg, 2007) {2}: hiding menstruation, shaving (Tiggemann and Lewis, 2004) {3}, sports make-up, weight control, hiding body parts odors and extensive care. while several studies have looked at women's feelings, sensations, and responses to menstruation—especially negativity toward menstruation—relatively little research has examined how these cultural interpretations of menstruation fueled women's sex lives.
伴随着有关月经的文化禁忌,女孩历来在其身体、性行为和月经周期之间持有矛盾的关系{1}。{1}从历史上的月经小屋到现代发明的经前性欲障碍(PMDD),再到普遍存在的从他人那里诱导女性月经的社会规范(Delaney et al、同样,当代女性经常沉浸在性方面的羞耻感中,将身体照片问题、性 "失调 "和我们每天经历的事情作为主要的性问题(Kleinplatz,2001;Nobre 和 Pinto-Gouveia,2008;Plante,2006;Tiefer,2001)1。女孩们通常会采取一系列规范的身体行为来管理她们 "令人作呕 "的身体(Roberts and Goldenberg, 2007){2}:隐藏月经、剃须(Tiggemann and Lewis, 2004){3}、运动化妆、控制体重、隐藏身体部位的异味和广泛的护理。虽然有一些研究探讨了女性的感受、感觉和对月经的反应--尤其是对月经的负面反应--但相对而言,很少有研究探讨这些对月经的文化解释是如何促进女性的性生活的。
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引用次数: 0
Training Pathologists with Books (Wheater) 用书籍培训病理学家(惠特尔)
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/177
Francisco Javier Torres Gómez
The electronic book (e-book) is displacing paper at a dizzying pace. Education is no exception and neither is education related to specialization in Medicine. Pathology requires a great commitment to the image, digital or analogic, and an immense immersion in the study of a doctrine that has become incomprehensible. Specialization, on many occasions, prevents us from contemplating with perspective the basic pillars that support a discipline, medical in this case. And the book on paper, the classic volume filled with histological and cytological photographs or increasingly complex diagrams, are subjected to the scrutiny of the client, a doctor in training who begins a long journey that will surely end the same day he their days end. Pathology is an exceptionally interesting medical specialty, practical and theoretical at the same time, and very visual. For pathologists, the paper book is still a reality today.
电子书(e-book)正在以令人眼花缭乱的速度取代纸质书。教育也不例外,与医学专业相关的教育也是如此。病理学要求我们对数字或模拟图像做出极大的投入,并沉浸在对已变得难以理解的理论的研究中。在许多情况下,专业化会阻碍我们从更广阔的视角来思考支撑一门学科(医学)的基本支柱。而纸面上的书,这本充满了组织学和细胞学照片或越来越复杂的图表的经典书籍,却要接受客户的审查,客户是一名正在接受培训的医生,他开始了一段漫长的旅程,而这段旅程必将在他结束生命的同一天结束。病理学是一门非常有趣的医学专业,既实用又理论,而且非常直观。对于病理学家来说,纸质病历至今仍是现实。
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引用次数: 0
Fetal Atrial Flutter: Early Detection and Treatment 胎儿心房扑动:早期检测和治疗
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/176
Shabih Manzar
Fetal atrial flutter (AF) can occur with structurally normal hearts or congenital heart disease, including atrioventricular septal defect, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, pulmonary atresia, and Ebstein's malformation. 1 It is important to detect fetal AF early and treat it appropriately. We present a case of fetal AF that was treated timely, resulting in no associated complications. The infant was born by cesarean section at a gestational age of 37 weeks with an Apgar score of 9 and 9. The birth weight was 2860 grams. The antenatal history was positive for fetal tachycardia.
胎儿心房扑动(AF)可发生于结构正常的心脏或先天性心脏病,包括房室间隔缺损、左心发育不全综合征、肺动脉闭锁和埃布斯坦畸形1。1 早期发现胎儿房颤并进行适当治疗非常重要。我们介绍了一例及时治疗的胎儿房颤病例,该病例未出现相关并发症。该婴儿在胎龄 37 周时剖宫产出生,Apgar 评分为 9 分和 9 分。出生体重为 2860 克。产前病史显示胎儿心动过速。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Importance of “Golden hour” in Obstetric Emergencies -Common Observations and Suggestions 了解产科急诊中 "黄金时间 "的重要性--常见意见和建议
Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/178
V. Bangal
Obstetric emergencies occur suddenly and at times unexpectedly, posing risk of serious maternal morbidity or mortality. The common life-threatening obstetric emergencies include accidental haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage, eclampsia, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, retained placenta and inversion of uterus. These emergency conditions are responsible for large percentages of cases, who in turn develop serious maternal morbidity or mortality. The outcome of these conditions depends primarily on certain factors. Place of delivery or occurrence of emergency. Time lapse between occurrence of the emergency and admission to tertiary care hospital, readiness of the referral hospital to manage emergencies, time spent in decision making, stabilizing or preparing patients for surgical interventions, availability of required quantity of blood and its components and availability of competent expert team at the health facility.
产科急症会突然发生,有时甚至出乎意料,给产妇带来严重的发病或死亡风险。常见的危及生命的产科急症包括意外大出血、产后出血、子痫、宫外孕破裂、胎盘滞留和子宫内翻。这些紧急状况造成了很大比例的产妇发病或死亡。这些情况的结果主要取决于某些因素。分娩或发生紧急情况的地点。从急诊发生到被送入三级医院之间的时间间隔,转诊医院处理急诊的准备情况,做出决定、稳定病情或准备对患者进行手术干预所花费的时间,医疗机构是否有所需数量的血液及其成分,以及是否有称职的专家团队。
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引用次数: 0
A Woman is a Gentle Being 女人是温柔的存在
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/173
M.Sh. Fayzulloeva
A wise woman is virtuous, lively, alert, polite, faithful and loyal. These qualities have been formed in the personality of a woman over the centuries. Persian and Tajik ancestors called a good woman "the health of life". In fiction, women and girls are sometimes compared to the moon and flowers. Female nature is closely related to the world of beauty. Prophet Muhammad (s) said: "Woman is the most beautiful creature in the world".
聪明的女人贤惠、活泼、机敏、彬彬有礼、忠实和忠诚。千百年来,这些品质在女人的性格中逐渐形成。波斯和塔吉克的祖先称好女人为 "生命的健康"。在小说中,妇女和女孩有时被比作月亮和花朵。女性的天性与美的世界密切相关。先知穆罕默德(愿主赐福之,并使其平安)说过"女人是世界上最美丽的生物"。
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引用次数: 0
Case Report on Misplaced and Malpositioned Fragmented IUCD 宫内节育器碎片错位和错位病例报告
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/174
Brinderjeet Kaur
IUCD is one of the preferred forms of contraception that is reliable and cost effective. Nonetheless, IUCDs are not risk free and several complications have been reported, including unintended expulsion, misplacement and uterine perforation. Uterine perforation with an IUCD is uncommon, but it may have serious consequences including intra-abdominal bleeding, bowel or bladder perforation, fistula formation, especially when IUCD migrates to pelvic peritoneal spaces invading the adjacent organs. It is rare for IUCD to break during removal and fragments lodged in uterine cavity. We present a case of retained fragment of IUCD which was diagnosed after 3 years of its so called ‘removal’. The case report emphasizes the need to train doctors not only to insert IUCD but also to educate the women about potential risks and benefits and self-examination of IUCD thread for its correct placement.
宫内节育器是首选的避孕方式之一,既可靠又经济。然而,IUCD 并非没有风险,据报道,它也存在一些并发症,包括意外排出、错置和子宫穿孔。使用 IUCD 导致子宫穿孔的情况并不常见,但可能会造成严重后果,包括腹腔内出血、肠或膀胱穿孔、瘘管形成,尤其是当 IUCD 移至盆腔腹膜间隙侵入邻近器官时。宫内节育器在取出过程中断裂,碎片滞留在子宫腔内的情况并不多见。我们报告了一例宫内节育器残留碎片的病例,该病例在所谓的 "取出 "3 年后才被确诊。本病例报告强调了对医生进行培训的必要性,培训内容不仅包括插入 IUCD 的方法,还包括教育妇女了解潜在的风险和益处,以及自我检查 IUCD 线的正确位置。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Hexaco 'S Personality Model in Clinical Depressed and Normal People in Isfahan 伊斯法罕临床抑郁症患者与正常人的 Hexaco'S 人格模型比较
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/171
Khadijeh Moradi
Background: Depression is one of the mood diseases characterized by symptoms of low mood, decreased energy and interest, feelings of guilt, problems in concentration, anorexia, thoughts of death and suicide, insomnia or hypersomnia, significant weight loss, and functional impairment. The purpose of the research was to compare the Hexagon personality model and self-compassion in clinically depressed people and normal people in Isfahan. Method: The research method is causal-comparative. The statistical population studied in this research were people with clinical depression disorder and normal people of Isfahan city. Sampling was done in a targeted way. In total, after the process, 50 people were selected in the clinically depressed group and 80 people were selected in the normal group. The research tool was Hexagon (2004) personality questionnaire. SPSS-22 software was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed the difference between two groups of normal and clinically depressed people in Hexagon personality dimensions (p<0.05). The value of Eta is 0.989. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the average Hexagon personality dimensions between the two groups of normal and clinically depressed people (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it was found that clinically depressed people and normal people are different in terms of Hexagon personality dimensions, and by strengthening positive personality dimensions in the Hexagon model, the severity of depression of these people can be reduced.
背景:抑郁症是情绪病的一种,以情绪低落、精力和兴趣减退、内疚感、注意力不集中、厌食、有死亡和自杀念头、失眠或嗜睡、体重明显减轻和功能障碍等症状为特征。本研究旨在比较伊斯法罕市临床抑郁症患者和正常人的六角人格模型和自我同情。研究方法研究方法为因果比较法。研究对象为伊斯法罕市的临床抑郁症患者和正常人。抽样是有针对性地进行的。经过筛选,临床抑郁组共选出 50 人,正常组共选出 80 人。研究工具为 Hexagon (2004) 人格问卷。使用 SPSS-22 软件对数据进行分析。研究结果多元方差分析结果显示,正常组和临床抑郁组在 Hexagon 人格维度上存在差异(P<0.05)。Eta 值为 0.989。结果显示,两组正常人和临床抑郁症患者的平均六角形人格维度之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论结果发现,临床抑郁症患者和正常人在六角人格维度上存在差异,通过加强六角人格模型中的积极人格维度,可以减轻这些人的抑郁症严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
Expanding Application of Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) for Breast Cancer 扩大植入前乳腺癌基因检测 (PGT) 的应用范围
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/172
A. Kuliev
Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) has become an integral part of genetic practices, which is currently applied also to late-onset common disorders with genetic predisposition. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancers (HBOC) are the most frequent among these conditions, caused by mutations in BRCA1/2 genes. While available management strategies may not prevent HBOC in carriers of these genes, avoidance of inheritance of the predisposing genes to their offspring appeared an attractive approach, as PGT for BRCA1/2 genes allows selecting and transferring of embryos free of genetic predisposition to HBOC. The present paper describes the progress in application of PGT for HBOC, with its extended application also to carriers detected through expanded carrier screening (ECS). Presented data are based on our experience of 562 PGT-M cycles for HBOC, resulting in birth of 278 disease predisposition free children, representing one of the world’s largest series of PGT for HBOC, demonstrating an increasing importance of clinical implications of PGT-M as practical option for couples carrying BRCA1/2 predisposing genes.
单基因遗传病胚胎植入前基因检测(PGT-M)已成为遗传学实践中不可或缺的一部分,目前也应用于具有遗传倾向的晚发常见疾病。遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌(HBOC)是这些疾病中最常见的,由 BRCA1/2 基因突变引起。虽然现有的管理策略可能无法预防这些基因携带者患上 HBOC,但避免易感基因遗传给后代似乎是一种有吸引力的方法,因为 BRCA1/2 基因的 PGT 可以选择和移植没有 HBOC 遗传易感性的胚胎。本文介绍了将 PGT 应用于 HBOC 的进展情况,并将其扩展应用于通过扩大携带者筛查 (ECS) 检测出的携带者。本文所提供的数据基于我们 562 个 PGT-M 周期治疗 HBOC 的经验,结果有 278 个无疾病倾向的孩子出生,是世界上最大的 PGT 治疗 HBOC 系列之一,表明 PGT-M 作为携带 BRCA1/2 易感基因的夫妇的实用选择,其临床意义日益重要。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between Attachment Symbols, Attachment Styles and Self-Differentiation with Marital Intimacy 依恋符号、依恋类型和自我差异与婚姻亲密关系之间的关系
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/168
Yousef Ghasemi
Intimacy is a basic human need and is recognized as an important process in the development of friendly relationships. Given the importance of this structure in marital relations, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-differentiation, attachment symbols and attachment styles in the prediction of marital intimacy of marital couples in Zanjan city. The research method was correlation. All married couples living in Zanjan city in 2018 formed the statistical population of this study. The final sample consisted of 278 people selected by stepwise cluster sampling. The instruments of the Bagarozzi intimacy scale (2001), self-differentiated R-DSI revised questionnaire, Hazan and Shaver (1995), attachment style questionnaire and Hazen Attachment Symptom Questionnaire (1987). Non-parametric correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intimacy with security and support. There is a positive and significant relationship between rational intimacy with support. There is a positive and significant relationship between sexual intimacy with adjacency and support. There is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual intimacy with security. There is a positive and significant relationship between the aesthetic intimacy with security. There is a positive and significant relationship between social-entertainment intimacy and proximity. There is a positive and significant relationship between the overall score of intimacy with proximity, security, and support. Pearson correlation showed that Pearson correlation indicated that there is a negative and significant relationship between the avoidant attachment style and the total score of intimacy and the components of social recreational intimacy and emotional intimacy. There is a negative and meaningful relationship between the attachment style of social-communicative intimacy. There is a negative and significant relationship between the ambivalent attachment style and the general score of intimacy and the components of social intimacy-emotional and emotional intimacy. The results of regression analysis indicated that only anxiety attachment style could predict marital intimacy among attachment styles and self-differentiation dimensions (R2 = 0.02). The findings of this study can be used to develop and implement educational and therapeutic programs in order to increase marital intimacy of couples. Key words: self-differentiation, attachment styles, marital intimacy, married couples
亲密关系是人类的基本需求,被认为是发展友好关系的重要过程。鉴于这种结构在婚姻关系中的重要性,本研究的目的是调查自我分化、依恋符号和依恋风格在预测赞詹市已婚夫妇婚姻亲密关系中的作用。研究方法为相关法。2018年生活在赞詹市的所有已婚夫妇构成了本研究的统计人群。最终样本由 278 人组成,采用逐步整群抽样法选出。研究工具为 Bagarozzi 亲密关系量表(2001 年)、自我差异 R-DSI 修订问卷、Hazan 和 Shaver(1995 年)、依恋风格问卷和 Hazen 依恋症状问卷(1987 年)。非参数相关检验表明,情感亲密与安全感和支持之间存在显著的正相关关系。理性亲密关系与支持之间存在正相关和显著相关。性亲密关系与邻近性和支持之间存在正相关和显著相关。精神上的亲密关系与安全感之间存在着积极而重要的关系。审美亲密关系与安全感之间存在着积极而重要的关系。社交娱乐亲密感与邻近性之间存在积极而重要的关系。亲密感的总分与亲近感、安全感和支持感之间存在正向显著关系。皮尔逊相关表明,回避型依恋风格与亲密关系的总分以及社交娱乐亲密关系和情感亲密关系的组成部分之间存在负相关和有意义的关系。社交-沟通型亲密关系的依恋风格之间存在有意义的负相关。矛盾型依恋风格与亲密关系的总分以及社交亲密关系-情感亲密关系和情感亲密关系的组成部分之间存在有意义的负相关。回归分析结果表明,在依恋风格和自我分化维度中,只有焦虑依恋风格可以预测婚姻亲密关系(R2 = 0.02)。本研究的结果可用于制定和实施教育和治疗计划,以提高夫妻的婚姻亲密性。关键词:自我分化、依恋风格、婚姻亲密关系、已婚夫妇
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引用次数: 0
Obstetrics Changes Caused by Covid-19 Covid-19 引起的产科变化
Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.31579/2578-8965/165
Federica Perelli
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed on all workers in the Italian, European and World National Health System a rapid adaptation in the management of multiple clinical situations. In the obstetric-gynecological area, the care of mothers and newborns has become difficult and full of challenges. The adaptations necessary to ensure good quality obstetric care have concerned the pregnancy management, the recovery of pregnant patients and their children, the labour time and the breastfeeding and puerperal care. The present paper summarizes the impact of COVID-19 on obstetric habits based on scientific evidence and clinical experience in the context of the rapidly evolving regulations promulgated in Italy.
COVID-19 大流行要求意大利、欧洲和世界国家卫生系统的所有工作人员迅速适应多种临床情况的管理。在妇产科领域,对母亲和新生儿的护理变得困难重重,充满挑战。为确保高质量的产科护理,必须对妊娠管理、孕妇及其子女的康复、分娩时间以及母乳喂养和产褥期护理进行调整。本文根据科学证据和临床经验,结合意大利颁布的快速发展的法规,总结了 COVID-19 对产科习惯的影响。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
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