Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0814
Min Zhang, Tuo Liu, Liang Chen, C. Shi, Na Chen
Healthcare settings have been recognized worldwide as being the complex environment with multiple occupational hazards toward health workers (HW). A national program on occupational health for HWs was initiated in China in 2003, with close collaboration of WHO/ILO. The analysis focuses on the program progress based on the 20-year timeline. We summarized milestone activities, reviewed evidence from studies, and used an interpretive approach to share policy advocacy and outcomes. (1)Activities: Leading the drafting of national standard on occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure (OBPE) among HWs (2003). implementing the national OBPE guidelines (2010). ILO/WHO HealthWISE has been applied since 2016, followed by ten HealthWISE Training-for-Trainer workshops covering 260+ hospitals across China (2015-2022). Two national professional networks were developed in NGOs (2017-2019). (2)Studies: Over ten qualitative and quantitative studies resulted in 44 articles and 5 books (2003-2023), shaping the Model of Hospital Initiative on Systematic Occupational Health (2016). (3)Policies: The program influenced policies, including the Guideline for Prevention and Control of OBPE (2009) and participation in national legislation on workplace violence, occupational health, and women’s rights (2019-2022). The national program demonstrated sustainable implementation. With over 11 million HWs in China safeguarding the population’s well-being and health system resilience, post-COVID-19, robust occupational health measures are vital in China and globally. In the post-COVID-19 era, prioritizing robust occupational health measures for HWs is paramount in China and the world. The program’s efforts underscore the importance of protecting HWs who contribute tirelessly to society’s welfare and healthcare system function.
{"title":"P-242 A NATIONAL PROGRAM ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROTECTION FOR HEALTH WORKERS IN CHINA:ANALYSIS ON TWENTY-YEAR PROGRESS FROM TIMELINE PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Min Zhang, Tuo Liu, Liang Chen, C. Shi, Na Chen","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0814","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Healthcare settings have been recognized worldwide as being the complex environment with multiple occupational hazards toward health workers (HW). A national program on occupational health for HWs was initiated in China in 2003, with close collaboration of WHO/ILO. The analysis focuses on the program progress based on the 20-year timeline.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We summarized milestone activities, reviewed evidence from studies, and used an interpretive approach to share policy advocacy and outcomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 (1)Activities: Leading the drafting of national standard on occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure (OBPE) among HWs (2003). implementing the national OBPE guidelines (2010). ILO/WHO HealthWISE has been applied since 2016, followed by ten HealthWISE Training-for-Trainer workshops covering 260+ hospitals across China (2015-2022). Two national professional networks were developed in NGOs (2017-2019). (2)Studies: Over ten qualitative and quantitative studies resulted in 44 articles and 5 books (2003-2023), shaping the Model of Hospital Initiative on Systematic Occupational Health (2016). (3)Policies: The program influenced policies, including the Guideline for Prevention and Control of OBPE (2009) and participation in national legislation on workplace violence, occupational health, and women’s rights (2019-2022).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The national program demonstrated sustainable implementation. With over 11 million HWs in China safeguarding the population’s well-being and health system resilience, post-COVID-19, robust occupational health measures are vital in China and globally.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In the post-COVID-19 era, prioritizing robust occupational health measures for HWs is paramount in China and the world. The program’s efforts underscore the importance of protecting HWs who contribute tirelessly to society’s welfare and healthcare system function.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"65 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0982
Cesio Vidiar Prodia, L. J. Fuk, Mulyana Mulyana, Bertha Pangaribuan, M. Mansyur
Lead may alter δ-ALAD activity, the enzymes involved in the heme synthesis pathway. In the occupational setting, lead exposure rarely appears alone but occurs together with other heavy metal. This study aims to analyze the relationship of multiple heavy metals exposure with the δ-ALAD activity. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Java Island, Indonesia. A total of 71 participants were consecutively recruited from 3 locations. The questionnaire, physical examinations, and blood samples were taken from all subjects. Blood δ-ALAD activity was measured using NMAM 8000 method, while heavy metals levels were measured using ICPMS. 25-OH vitamin D was measured using ECLIA method. We identify that several occupational activities were the sources of heavy metals exposure. The median (min-max) of the blood δ-ALAD activity was 22.16 (2.88-36.98) unit/g hematocrit. The median (min-max) concentrations of lead, chromium, cadmium and 25-OH vitamin D levels were 6.97 (1.17-43.94) μg/dL, 9.26 (0.05-66.95) μg/L, 1.0 (0.01-6.43) μg/L and 21 (11-36) ng/mL, respectively. The δ-ALAD activity was found to be significantly correlated with blood lead, chromium, and cadmium level, as well as with the ratio of Pb/Mn, Cd/Mn, Cd/vitamin D, and Pb/vitamin D. Our findings indicated that some heavy metals may contribute to the catalysis activity of the δ-ALAD enzyme. Blood δ-ALAD activity can be interfered with by lead, chromium, and cadmium. The health impacts mitigation efforts due to lead exposure need to pay attention to the potential involvement of co-exposure to other heavy metals. Keywords: Heavy metals, δ-ALAD activity, Ratio of metal to 25-OH vitamin D
铅可能会改变参与血红素合成途径的酶δ-ALAD 的活性。在职业环境中，铅暴露很少单独出现，而是与其他重金属一起出现。本研究旨在分析多种重金属暴露与δ-ALAD活性之间的关系。 我们在印度尼西亚爪哇岛进行了一项横断面研究。我们从 3 个地点连续招募了 71 名参与者。我们对所有受试者进行了问卷调查、体格检查和血液样本采集。血液中的δ-ALAD 活性采用 NMAM 8000 法进行测量，重金属水平则采用 ICPMS 法进行测量。25-OH 维生素 D 采用 ECLIA 方法进行测量。 我们发现几种职业活动是重金属暴露的来源。血液中δ-ALAD活性的中位数（最小-最大值）为22.16（2.88-36.98）单位/克血细胞比容。铅、铬、镉和 25-OH 维生素 D 浓度的中位数（最小-最大值）分别为 6.97（1.17-43.94）微克/分升、9.26（0.05-66.95）微克/升、1.0（0.01-6.43）微克/升和 21（11-36）纳克/毫升。研究发现，δ-ALAD 活性与血液中的铅、铬、镉含量以及铅/锰、镉/锰、镉/维生素 D 和铅/维生素 D 的比值显著相关。 血液中的δ-ALAD活性会受到铅、铬和镉的干扰。在减轻铅暴露对健康影响的工作中，需要注意其他重金属共同暴露的潜在影响。关键词重金属 δ-ALAD 活性 金属与 25-OH 维生素 D 的比率
{"title":"P-365 ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS INTERFERENCE IN BLOOD DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID DEHYDRATASE (Δ-ALAD) ACTIVITY","authors":"Cesio Vidiar Prodia, L. J. Fuk, Mulyana Mulyana, Bertha Pangaribuan, M. Mansyur","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0982","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Lead may alter δ-ALAD activity, the enzymes involved in the heme synthesis pathway. In the occupational setting, lead exposure rarely appears alone but occurs together with other heavy metal. This study aims to analyze the relationship of multiple heavy metals exposure with the δ-ALAD activity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We conducted a cross-sectional study in Java Island, Indonesia. A total of 71 participants were consecutively recruited from 3 locations. The questionnaire, physical examinations, and blood samples were taken from all subjects. Blood δ-ALAD activity was measured using NMAM 8000 method, while heavy metals levels were measured using ICPMS. 25-OH vitamin D was measured using ECLIA method.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We identify that several occupational activities were the sources of heavy metals exposure. The median (min-max) of the blood δ-ALAD activity was 22.16 (2.88-36.98) unit/g hematocrit. The median (min-max) concentrations of lead, chromium, cadmium and 25-OH vitamin D levels were 6.97 (1.17-43.94) μg/dL, 9.26 (0.05-66.95) μg/L, 1.0 (0.01-6.43) μg/L and 21 (11-36) ng/mL, respectively. The δ-ALAD activity was found to be significantly correlated with blood lead, chromium, and cadmium level, as well as with the ratio of Pb/Mn, Cd/Mn, Cd/vitamin D, and Pb/vitamin D.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings indicated that some heavy metals may contribute to the catalysis activity of the δ-ALAD enzyme.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Blood δ-ALAD activity can be interfered with by lead, chromium, and cadmium. The health impacts mitigation efforts due to lead exposure need to pay attention to the potential involvement of co-exposure to other heavy metals. Keywords: Heavy metals, δ-ALAD activity, Ratio of metal to 25-OH vitamin D\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"80 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0086
E. Jørs, Omar Huici, Margrethe Smith, Chris Kuylenstierne
Mercury pollution from small-scale mining is a global problem affecting not only miners’ health but also the health of people living close by or even far from the mining sites. Several methods are applied to reduce mercury use e.g. by banning and substitution. In Bolivia, prevention of poisoning is promoted not only by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but also by strengthening leadership and organisational training, and training in alternative income generating activities like pesticide-free agriculture. Changes in society are hard to achieve by only focusing on technical solutions. Data gathered among miners during the last four years by interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires are analysed and presented using sound statistical and analytical methods. The results from the last three years of intervention in Bolivia among male miners and the actual status of the intervention among female miners and children are presented. In addition, experiences from other parts of the world with the introduction of mercury-free gold mining and effect on health are discussed and compared with the results from Bolivia. The preliminary results show an economically sound outcome by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but low sustainability if miners do not take ownership of the process or are not well organized in their miners’ societies. Therefore, changing habits takes more than only introducing technical solutions.
{"title":"SS08-01 INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE MERCURY USE AND POISONINGS AMONG SMALL-SCALE MINERS: PRACTICAL EXAMPLES FROM BOLIVIA AND OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD","authors":"E. Jørs, Omar Huici, Margrethe Smith, Chris Kuylenstierne","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0086","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Mercury pollution from small-scale mining is a global problem affecting not only miners’ health but also the health of people living close by or even far from the mining sites. Several methods are applied to reduce mercury use e.g. by banning and substitution. In Bolivia, prevention of poisoning is promoted not only by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but also by strengthening leadership and organisational training, and training in alternative income generating activities like pesticide-free agriculture. Changes in society are hard to achieve by only focusing on technical solutions.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Data gathered among miners during the last four years by interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires are analysed and presented using sound statistical and analytical methods.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results from the last three years of intervention in Bolivia among male miners and the actual status of the intervention among female miners and children are presented. In addition, experiences from other parts of the world with the introduction of mercury-free gold mining and effect on health are discussed and compared with the results from Bolivia.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The preliminary results show an economically sound outcome by introducing mercury-free gold mining techniques, but low sustainability if miners do not take ownership of the process or are not well organized in their miners’ societies. Therefore, changing habits takes more than only introducing technical solutions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"6 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0123
Jayandran Mohan
In the oil / gas and petroleum refining industry, workers have high likelihood of exposure to hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas primarily through work in confined space. Inhalation of H2S gas can cause adverse health effects ranging from major to catastrophic which includes loss of consciousness, coma and death. A detailed study has been conducted on the existing measures to control exposure as well as recommendations to mitigate the risk of future exposure. (i) A medical literature review was conducted related to H2S respiratory disease. (ii) The existing risk mitigation measures from inhaling H2S have been analysed from the petroleum refinery standard operating procedure. (iii) Anecdotal volunteer survey has been conducted among the SMEs, HSE professionals, medical doctors and occupational health (OH) physicians based in the UK and Middle East through instant messaging application to validate the control measure effectiveness and to analyse the behavioural challenges among the workers in the practical environment. The OH experts suggest that more specific health surveillance like spirometry test, chest X-ray analysis, medical examinations and H2S personal exposure monitoring data to be gathered. Regarding the controls, HSE experts are satisfied with the existing escape and respiratory protection apparatus, but they emphasized that the respiratory hygiene needs to be improved and the inspection frequency to be monitored. If the OH experts suggested medical examination are combined with the HSE experts recommended controls, the H2S health impacts over workers can be reduced to a greater extent.
{"title":"SS15-03 HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY","authors":"Jayandran Mohan","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In the oil / gas and petroleum refining industry, workers have high likelihood of exposure to hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas primarily through work in confined space. Inhalation of H2S gas can cause adverse health effects ranging from major to catastrophic which includes loss of consciousness, coma and death. A detailed study has been conducted on the existing measures to control exposure as well as recommendations to mitigate the risk of future exposure.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 (i) A medical literature review was conducted related to H2S respiratory disease. (ii) The existing risk mitigation measures from inhaling H2S have been analysed from the petroleum refinery standard operating procedure. (iii) Anecdotal volunteer survey has been conducted among the SMEs, HSE professionals, medical doctors and occupational health (OH) physicians based in the UK and Middle East through instant messaging application to validate the control measure effectiveness and to analyse the behavioural challenges among the workers in the practical environment.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The OH experts suggest that more specific health surveillance like spirometry test, chest X-ray analysis, medical examinations and H2S personal exposure monitoring data to be gathered. Regarding the controls, HSE experts are satisfied with the existing escape and respiratory protection apparatus, but they emphasized that the respiratory hygiene needs to be improved and the inspection frequency to be monitored.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 If the OH experts suggested medical examination are combined with the HSE experts recommended controls, the H2S health impacts over workers can be reduced to a greater extent.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0857
W. Songkham, W. Suthakorn, Kunlayanee Tantranont
The informal ceramic workers are a group that is at risk because of an unsafe workplace. The objective of this participatory action research was to develop a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model for ceramic workers and to evaluate this model’s effects through the participation process. This study was conducted in 33 small ceramic factories in Lampang Province, Thailand. The model starts with studying the situation analysis, followed by participatory planning, designing, and solving problems between healthcare providers, workers, and workplace owners. All processes were supported by community leaders. Problem-solving was conducted by providing knowledge or capacity building for self-care through appropriate media, periodically reviewing and reflecting on problems that occur during the process of solving problems, and developing a working prototype that is ready to change behavior. Then, coordinate with the owner to improve the appropriate working environment and create a forum for exchanging knowledge. The result revealed altering participants’ working behavior and lifestyle patterns, ceramic workers exhibited the outcome of building a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model. Regarding working behavior, the average behavior score for wearing PPE and adhering safe work practices was considerably higher after implementation (p-values <.05). There were also statistically significant increases in the lifestyle patterns scores for stress management and physical activity/exercise (p values<.05). This research makes the obvious model to promote health and reduce the risk of working in a ceramic workforce. Methods and preventive measures may be applied to other small-scale enterprises.
{"title":"O-155 MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION AND RISK REDUCTION FOR INFORMAL CERAMIC WORKERS","authors":"W. Songkham, W. Suthakorn, Kunlayanee Tantranont","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0857","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The informal ceramic workers are a group that is at risk because of an unsafe workplace. The objective of this participatory action research was to develop a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model for ceramic workers and to evaluate this model’s effects through the participation process.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study was conducted in 33 small ceramic factories in Lampang Province, Thailand. The model starts with studying the situation analysis, followed by participatory planning, designing, and solving problems between healthcare providers, workers, and workplace owners. All processes were supported by community leaders. Problem-solving was conducted by providing knowledge or capacity building for self-care through appropriate media, periodically reviewing and reflecting on problems that occur during the process of solving problems, and developing a working prototype that is ready to change behavior. Then, coordinate with the owner to improve the appropriate working environment and create a forum for exchanging knowledge.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The result revealed altering participants’ working behavior and lifestyle patterns, ceramic workers exhibited the outcome of building a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model. Regarding working behavior, the average behavior score for wearing PPE and adhering safe work practices was considerably higher after implementation (p-values <.05). There were also statistically significant increases in the lifestyle patterns scores for stress management and physical activity/exercise (p values<.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This research makes the obvious model to promote health and reduce the risk of working in a ceramic workforce. Methods and preventive measures may be applied to other small-scale enterprises.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0991
Justine Bwalya
Chronic low back pain is a significant occupational health problem impacting a worker’s activities of daily living and work participation. At Kansanshi Mine a work rehabilitation pain management program was developed aimed at disability management, functional optimization and return to work for employees with chronic lower back pain. A phased, 1-year structured, goal oriented and biopsychosocial approach modelled program was established in March 2022 and delivered within the mine lease by a multi-disciplinary team. Clients’ functional activities and fitness to work were assessed at enrolment and periodically using Functional Capacity Evaluations and comparing FCE results with job demands as indicated on the occupational risk exposure profile. Client attended x3 weekly group exercises sessions, individual & fortnight group psychotherapy sessions and monthly group information education counselling sessions. Permission to review program data was obtained from company management. Sixty-seven (67) employees with LBP were seen as of December 2022, mean age 41 years, males 94% and heavy mobile equipment operators 59%. A 30 % reduction in number of employees with low back pain issued with work restrictions was observed between 2021 and 2022. On fitness to work outcome, 50% of employees enrolled while on restricted and alternative duties and 25% on sick leave improved their fitness to work status to normal duty. Chronic low back pain was commonest among heavy mobile equipment operators. A work rehabilitation pain management program can improve functional capacity and fitness to work outcomes. Employers should consider establishing work rehabilitation facilities as previously recommended in literature.
{"title":"O-198 IMPACT OF A WORK REHABILITATION PROGRAM ON FITNESS TO WORK AMONG WORKERS WITH CHRONIC LOWER BACK PAIN -A CASE OF KANSANSHI MINE, ZAMBIA","authors":"Justine Bwalya","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0991","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Chronic low back pain is a significant occupational health problem impacting a worker’s activities of daily living and work participation. At Kansanshi Mine a work rehabilitation pain management program was developed aimed at disability management, functional optimization and return to work for employees with chronic lower back pain.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A phased, 1-year structured, goal oriented and biopsychosocial approach modelled program was established in March 2022 and delivered within the mine lease by a multi-disciplinary team. Clients’ functional activities and fitness to work were assessed at enrolment and periodically using Functional Capacity Evaluations and comparing FCE results with job demands as indicated on the occupational risk exposure profile. Client attended x3 weekly group exercises sessions, individual & fortnight group psychotherapy sessions and monthly group information education counselling sessions. Permission to review program data was obtained from company management.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Sixty-seven (67) employees with LBP were seen as of December 2022, mean age 41 years, males 94% and heavy mobile equipment operators 59%. A 30 % reduction in number of employees with low back pain issued with work restrictions was observed between 2021 and 2022. On fitness to work outcome, 50% of employees enrolled while on restricted and alternative duties and 25% on sick leave improved their fitness to work status to normal duty.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Chronic low back pain was commonest among heavy mobile equipment operators. A work rehabilitation pain management program can improve functional capacity and fitness to work outcomes. Employers should consider establishing work rehabilitation facilities as previously recommended in literature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"12 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0108
Ymane Sekkat
Heritage of a glorious Berber, Arab and Jewish multi-civilizational cultural past, art and utility production crafts is also an important part of the economic sector. Craftsmanship provides a range of very varied products of artistic or utilitarian value. Art production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into products, and which are distinguished by their original artistic, creative and heritage character, at decorative or aesthetic purposes. Utilitarian production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into finished or semi-finished products, for utilitarian purposes by taking advantage of its use. The arts and crafts professions are classified into five groups depending on the product and its basic raw material: wood, metal, earth, leather, textiles. Moroccan crafts contribute to the promotion and enhancement of the country's cultural and artistic heritage as well as to economic development since it produces around 10% of the national GDP, employing around 1.5 million people and ensures the income of almost 1/5th of the population. Moroccan craft exports reached their first billion in 2022, recording an increased rate of 12% compared to 2021, and thus confirming the upward trend. The government strategy for the development of crafts 2021-2030 aims to create modernized crafts that create value, are competitive and structured. Modernization efforts have been undertaken, however interrelated problems persist and hinder its development, particularly concerning the organization of work and human resources.
{"title":"SS12-03 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRAFT PRODUCTION SECTOR","authors":"Ymane Sekkat","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0108","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Heritage of a glorious Berber, Arab and Jewish multi-civilizational cultural past, art and utility production crafts is also an important part of the economic sector.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Craftsmanship provides a range of very varied products of artistic or utilitarian value. Art production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into products, and which are distinguished by their original artistic, creative and heritage character, at decorative or aesthetic purposes. Utilitarian production craftsmanship is considered to be any activity which tends to the manufacture of products or the transformation of raw materials into finished or semi-finished products, for utilitarian purposes by taking advantage of its use.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The arts and crafts professions are classified into five groups depending on the product and its basic raw material: wood, metal, earth, leather, textiles. Moroccan crafts contribute to the promotion and enhancement of the country's cultural and artistic heritage as well as to economic development since it produces around 10% of the national GDP, employing around 1.5 million people and ensures the income of almost 1/5th of the population. Moroccan craft exports reached their first billion in 2022, recording an increased rate of 12% compared to 2021, and thus confirming the upward trend.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The government strategy for the development of crafts 2021-2030 aims to create modernized crafts that create value, are competitive and structured. Modernization efforts have been undertaken, however interrelated problems persist and hinder its development, particularly concerning the organization of work and human resources. \u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"94 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0356
D. Ngajilo, S. Adams, Mohamed Jeebhay
Work in seafood harvesting and processing has been associated with work-related allergy and asthma, caused by sensitizers or irritants. However, the prevalence of airways disease in workers handling seaweed has not been previously reported. A cross-sectional study involving 602 Zanzibari seaweed workers was conducted, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire accompanied by spirometry using a portable EasyOne spirometer according to ATS Guidelines. The mean age of this predominantly female (91%) study population was 50 years. Most of these workers (92%) used firewood for cooking, mainly indoors. Almost all workers were non-smokers and 9% had a family history of allergy. Workers were engaged in seaweed farming of Eucheuma spinosum species for an average period of 20 years. Ocular-nasal symptoms (44%) were more common than asthma-related symptoms, with 17% having an asthma symptom score ≥ 2. Work-related chest symptoms were present in 8% of workers, commonly ascribed to physical exertion as well as exposure to seaweed and dust particulate. Pulmonary function analysis (n=416) showed evidence of a high degree of airflow obstruction based on 18% of workers having an FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70 and 31% with an FEV1 less than the lower limit of normal (LLN). Airways disease and work-related asthma outcomes is common in Zanzibari seaweed farmers. While workers identified heavy manual work and handling seaweed as being responsible for their work-related symptoms, further research needs to focus on identifying the causative agents associated with these adverse respiratory health outcomes.
{"title":"SS61-02 WORK-RELATED ASTHMA OUTCOMES AND LUNG FUNCTION IN TANZANIAN SEAWEED HARVESTING AND PROCESSING WORKERS","authors":"D. Ngajilo, S. Adams, Mohamed Jeebhay","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0356","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Work in seafood harvesting and processing has been associated with work-related allergy and asthma, caused by sensitizers or irritants. However, the prevalence of airways disease in workers handling seaweed has not been previously reported.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study involving 602 Zanzibari seaweed workers was conducted, using an interviewer-administered questionnaire accompanied by spirometry using a portable EasyOne spirometer according to ATS Guidelines.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age of this predominantly female (91%) study population was 50 years. Most of these workers (92%) used firewood for cooking, mainly indoors. Almost all workers were non-smokers and 9% had a family history of allergy. Workers were engaged in seaweed farming of Eucheuma spinosum species for an average period of 20 years. Ocular-nasal symptoms (44%) were more common than asthma-related symptoms, with 17% having an asthma symptom score ≥ 2. Work-related chest symptoms were present in 8% of workers, commonly ascribed to physical exertion as well as exposure to seaweed and dust particulate. Pulmonary function analysis (n=416) showed evidence of a high degree of airflow obstruction based on 18% of workers having an FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70 and 31% with an FEV1 less than the lower limit of normal (LLN).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Airways disease and work-related asthma outcomes is common in Zanzibari seaweed farmers. While workers identified heavy manual work and handling seaweed as being responsible for their work-related symptoms, further research needs to focus on identifying the causative agents associated with these adverse respiratory health outcomes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1359
Tapas Ray
This ongoing study aims to estimate the prevalence of work-related psychosocial hazard exposures among US workers in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with their pre-pandemic prevalence in 2018. The COVID-19 pandemic substantially affected the world of work. The economic and social disruption threatened US workers’ long-term livelihoods and well-being. The year 2022 (after the worst pandemic months) saw a reverse trend in hiring and job vacancies. The current labor market is extremely tight, with the unemployment rate at a record low and a high job vacancy rate. These conditions highlight the importance of assessing and addressing the work-related psychosocial hazards that have been shown to directly and indirectly impact worker health and well-being. We use data from the General Social Survey Quality of Work Life module for 2018 and 2022 to estimate the prevalence of several work-related psychosocial hazard exposures. Simple t-tests will point to statistically significant differences between 2018 and 2022.“ Preliminary data analyses show that though the percentages of workers reporting their jobs as stressful and insecure were higher by 1% each in 2022 compared to 2018, the differences are not statistically significant. The percentage of workers reporting they worked mainly from home increased significantly from 7% in 2018 to 17% in 2022. Also, a higher percentage of workers (31% in 2022 compared to 26% in 2018) reported family-work interference. These increases are statistically significant. Quality of work life information will help policy makers and employers to intervene appropriately and promote wellbeing.
{"title":"O-376 QUALITY OF WORK LIFE BEFORE AND DURING THE PANDEMIC","authors":"Tapas Ray","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1359","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This ongoing study aims to estimate the prevalence of work-related psychosocial hazard exposures among US workers in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with their pre-pandemic prevalence in 2018.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic substantially affected the world of work. The economic and social disruption threatened US workers’ long-term livelihoods and well-being. The year 2022 (after the worst pandemic months) saw a reverse trend in hiring and job vacancies. The current labor market is extremely tight, with the unemployment rate at a record low and a high job vacancy rate. These conditions highlight the importance of assessing and addressing the work-related psychosocial hazards that have been shown to directly and indirectly impact worker health and well-being.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We use data from the General Social Survey Quality of Work Life module for 2018 and 2022 to estimate the prevalence of several work-related psychosocial hazard exposures. Simple t-tests will point to statistically significant differences between 2018 and 2022.“\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Preliminary data analyses show that though the percentages of workers reporting their jobs as stressful and insecure were higher by 1% each in 2022 compared to 2018, the differences are not statistically significant. The percentage of workers reporting they worked mainly from home increased significantly from 7% in 2018 to 17% in 2022. Also, a higher percentage of workers (31% in 2022 compared to 26% in 2018) reported family-work interference. These increases are statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Quality of work life information will help policy makers and employers to intervene appropriately and promote wellbeing.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141703456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Onsite clinics play a crucial role in the provision of Occupational health services through Physiotherapists trained in Ergonomics for managing Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs), which acts as a substantial source of the economic drain in the Information Technology (IT) sector. However, during and post the COVID-19 pandemic the onsite Physiotherapy cum Ergonomic services moved online for most of the IT companies. A retrospective analysis was done on the data gathered from 2020 to 2022 in IT companies, where online services of physiotherapists trained in ergonomics were done to address the WRMSDs for the employees. The data collected were demographic details, Nordic Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (NMQ), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for measuring pain. The employees who had pain/discomfort consulted the Physiotherapist online and based on the severity, activity modifications, graded exercises and self-soft tissue releases, rest, icing/hot packs, supportive braces, and postural/ergonomic modifications were recommended. Followup consultation was done weekly and 1&3 months later. Among the 775 employees analyzed, the majority were males (72%) with a median age of 38.5 years reporting a median VAS 6. Most reported were low back pain (64%). 85% of the employees had significant pain reduction (P<0.05). Activity modifications (85%) and Graded exercises (90%) were the predominant interventions given online. Only 8% of the employees had a recurrence in the 3rd month follow-up. Online interventions by Physiotherapists trained in ergonomics had a significant impact on the outcomes of pain among IT employees, which can pave the way for closing the gaps in managing WRMSDs.
{"title":"O-204 CLOSING THE GAPS: DID THE ONLINE PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC AND ERGONOMIC INTERVENTIONS HAVE AN IMPACT ON THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EMPLOYEES IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY?","authors":"Joshua Rajkumar, Neha Biyala, Monisha Shekar, Divya Rajendran, Keshika Ghimire, Shagufta Kausar, Sushma Bk","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0997","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Onsite clinics play a crucial role in the provision of Occupational health services through Physiotherapists trained in Ergonomics for managing Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs), which acts as a substantial source of the economic drain in the Information Technology (IT) sector. However, during and post the COVID-19 pandemic the onsite Physiotherapy cum Ergonomic services moved online for most of the IT companies.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A retrospective analysis was done on the data gathered from 2020 to 2022 in IT companies, where online services of physiotherapists trained in ergonomics were done to address the WRMSDs for the employees. The data collected were demographic details, Nordic Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (NMQ), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for measuring pain. The employees who had pain/discomfort consulted the Physiotherapist online and based on the severity, activity modifications, graded exercises and self-soft tissue releases, rest, icing/hot packs, supportive braces, and postural/ergonomic modifications were recommended. Followup consultation was done weekly and 1&3 months later.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Among the 775 employees analyzed, the majority were males (72%) with a median age of 38.5 years reporting a median VAS 6. Most reported were low back pain (64%). 85% of the employees had significant pain reduction (P<0.05). Activity modifications (85%) and Graded exercises (90%) were the predominant interventions given online. Only 8% of the employees had a recurrence in the 3rd month follow-up.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Online interventions by Physiotherapists trained in ergonomics had a significant impact on the outcomes of pain among IT employees, which can pave the way for closing the gaps in managing WRMSDs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"19 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141703656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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