Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0628
Roger Persson, Ulf Leo, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin, Inger Arvidsson, Kai Österberg, Ulf Leo, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin, Inger Arvidsson
Introduction Beliefs and expectations are psychological mechanisms of relevance for stress and health, yet they are often overlooked as a source of within-group heterogeneity when it comes to reporting epidemiological survey data. Accordingly, we examined to what extent positive outcome expectancies (POE) and perceived resilience change the reporting of exhaustion symptoms. Methods Cross-sectional data from 2219 Swedish school principals (78% women; mean age 49 years [SD 7 years]) were analyzed. The Karolinska Exhaustion Disorder Scale (KEDS) and the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustion (LUCIE) were used to classify exhausted versus non-exhausted principals. Low, medium, or high levels of POE and resilience were determined via generalized self-efficacy scores and two single items “Have you lately felt hopeful for the future” and “You are a stress tolerant person, that is, you quickly bounce back after difficulties in work and private life.” Results Most principals reported high Generalized self-efficacy (88.0%), high Hope for the future (67.6%), and high resilience (90.0%). Principals reporting low POE, or low resilience, reported more exhaustion symptoms. Adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that low Hope for the future scores were strongly associated with exhaustion in LUCIE (OR=12.3, 95% CI=8.0-19.0, p <.001) and KEDS (OR=12.6, 95% CI=8.4-18.8, p<.001). Discussion The associations between low hope for the future and exhaustion symptoms is a reminder that a positive outlook on life is a vital part of mental health and a potential area for psychological intervention. Conclusion Positive outcome expectancies and perceived resilience are potential sources of heterogeneity in the reporting of exhaustion symptoms in epidemiological surveys.
{"title":"P-121 POSITIVE OUTCOME EXPECTANCIES AND PERCEIVED RESILIENCE AS POTENTIAL SOURCES OF WITHIN-GROUP HETEROGENEITY IN THE REPORTING OF EXHAUSTION SYMPTOMS AMONG SWEDISH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS","authors":"Roger Persson, Ulf Leo, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin, Inger Arvidsson, Kai Österberg, Ulf Leo, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin, Inger Arvidsson","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0628","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Beliefs and expectations are psychological mechanisms of relevance for stress and health, yet they are often overlooked as a source of within-group heterogeneity when it comes to reporting epidemiological survey data. Accordingly, we examined to what extent positive outcome expectancies (POE) and perceived resilience change the reporting of exhaustion symptoms. Methods Cross-sectional data from 2219 Swedish school principals (78% women; mean age 49 years [SD 7 years]) were analyzed. The Karolinska Exhaustion Disorder Scale (KEDS) and the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustion (LUCIE) were used to classify exhausted versus non-exhausted principals. Low, medium, or high levels of POE and resilience were determined via generalized self-efficacy scores and two single items “Have you lately felt hopeful for the future” and “You are a stress tolerant person, that is, you quickly bounce back after difficulties in work and private life.” Results Most principals reported high Generalized self-efficacy (88.0%), high Hope for the future (67.6%), and high resilience (90.0%). Principals reporting low POE, or low resilience, reported more exhaustion symptoms. Adjusted logistic regression analyses showed that low Hope for the future scores were strongly associated with exhaustion in LUCIE (OR=12.3, 95% CI=8.0-19.0, p &lt;.001) and KEDS (OR=12.6, 95% CI=8.4-18.8, p&lt;.001). Discussion The associations between low hope for the future and exhaustion symptoms is a reminder that a positive outlook on life is a vital part of mental health and a potential area for psychological intervention. Conclusion Positive outcome expectancies and perceived resilience are potential sources of heterogeneity in the reporting of exhaustion symptoms in epidemiological surveys.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0845
Alberto Modenese, Fabriziomaria Gobba
Introduction The impact of long-COVID on workers’ health as well as the issues related to return-to-work (RTW) and COVID-19 are still little known. We present the results of an analysis of expert opinions on these problems from Italian occupational physicians (OP). Methods A 24-items questionnaire was administered in spring 2023 to a sample of OP from Emilia-Romagna. The survey investigates long-COVID symptoms, RTW and COVID-19 issues experienced by the workers followed by the OP. Results Sixty-two OP answered: the 90% provided health surveillance (HS) to workers with long-COVID. The 33% thinks that long-COVID is more frequent among females, while 10% among males. The 27% reported long-COVID as associated with age-range 51-60 years. The main long-COVID symptoms were asthenia for the 34% of OP, breathless (31%) and memory/conentration problems (15%). Considering RTW, for the 47% of the OP the most frequent problem was represented by workers with health conditions of frailty with respect to COVID-19 risk. The 78% of the OP indicated specific limitations on the fitness to work of subjects undergoing HS at a RTW occasion. Discussion Our data confirm the relevance of the issues related to long-COVID symptoms in workers and RTW after COVID-19, in particular for workers with frailty conditions. The vast majority of OP indicated limitations for the fitness to work of these workers. The most frequent long-COVID symptom was asthenia. Conclusion After the end of the emergency phase of the pandemic, COVID-19 is still a relevant occupational issue in Italy, with an important impact in terms of both RTW and long-COVID.
导言：长期 COVID 对工人健康的影响以及与重返工作岗位 (RTW) 和 COVID-19 相关的问题仍然鲜为人知。我们介绍了意大利职业医师（OP）对这些问题的专家意见的分析结果。方法 2023 年春季，我们对艾米利亚-罗马涅地区的职业医师样本进行了一项包含 24 个项目的问卷调查。调查内容包括长期 COVID 症状、工人的 RTW 和 OP 跟踪的 COVID-19 问题。结果 62 个 OP 作了回答：90% 的 OP 为患有长期 COVID 的工人提供健康监测（HS）。33%的人认为女性更容易患上长期慢性阻塞性肺气肿，而 10%的人认为男性更容易患上长期慢性阻塞性肺气肿。27%的人认为长期慢性阻塞性肺气肿与 51-60 岁年龄段有关。34% 的 OP 的主要长期 COVID 症状是气喘、呼吸困难（31%）和记忆/注意力不集中（15%）。考虑到复工问题，47% 的 OP 最常遇到的问题是，根据 COVID-19 风险，工人的健康状况比较虚弱。78%的工作方案指出，在复工场合接受 HS 治疗的受试者的工作适应性受到具体限制。讨论 我们的数据证实了与工人的长期 COVID 症状和 COVID-19 后的复工有关的问题的相关性，尤其是对体弱工人而言。绝大多数 OP 表明这些工人的工作能力受到限制。最常见的长期 COVID 症状是气喘。结论 COVID-19 大流行的紧急阶段结束后，它仍然是意大利的一个相关职业问题，对工人的 RTW 和长期 COVID 都有重要影响。
{"title":"P-273 COVID-19, LONG-COVID AND RETURN-TO-WORK: RESULTS OF A SURVEY FOR OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIANS FROM AN ITALIAN REGION","authors":"Alberto Modenese, Fabriziomaria Gobba","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0845","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The impact of long-COVID on workers’ health as well as the issues related to return-to-work (RTW) and COVID-19 are still little known. We present the results of an analysis of expert opinions on these problems from Italian occupational physicians (OP). Methods A 24-items questionnaire was administered in spring 2023 to a sample of OP from Emilia-Romagna. The survey investigates long-COVID symptoms, RTW and COVID-19 issues experienced by the workers followed by the OP. Results Sixty-two OP answered: the 90% provided health surveillance (HS) to workers with long-COVID. The 33% thinks that long-COVID is more frequent among females, while 10% among males. The 27% reported long-COVID as associated with age-range 51-60 years. The main long-COVID symptoms were asthenia for the 34% of OP, breathless (31%) and memory/conentration problems (15%). Considering RTW, for the 47% of the OP the most frequent problem was represented by workers with health conditions of frailty with respect to COVID-19 risk. The 78% of the OP indicated specific limitations on the fitness to work of subjects undergoing HS at a RTW occasion. Discussion Our data confirm the relevance of the issues related to long-COVID symptoms in workers and RTW after COVID-19, in particular for workers with frailty conditions. The vast majority of OP indicated limitations for the fitness to work of these workers. The most frequent long-COVID symptom was asthenia. Conclusion After the end of the emergency phase of the pandemic, COVID-19 is still a relevant occupational issue in Italy, with an important impact in terms of both RTW and long-COVID.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Blood and lymphatic tumors represent about 7% of all new cancer diagnoses in Italy. The occupational component plays an important role in their etiology. Objective The goal of the study is to assess the excess risk of hemolymphoepoietic cancer in occupational sectors and how it varies in terms of working days in a specific area of employment. Methods The Italian national statistical institute archive of the causes of death for the years 2005 – 2018 has been integrated with the National Social Insurance Agency contribution archives, referring only to the private sector starting from the 1974 for analysing the occupational history of deceased. The Proportional Mortality Ratio (PMR) was calculated by specific cause and sector considering the services sector as the reference. Age-adjusted PMRs were estimated using a generalized linear model (GLM) with a logarithmic link function. The 95% confidence interval was calculated for estimated risks. The analysis was implemented by stratifying by classes of permanence in the sector defined based on days of contributions. Results The dataset contains 25,883 males from 45 occupational sectors. Excess risk of myeloma is observed for the highest class of permanence in the mechanical engineering, mining, metals, iron, and steel industries. A positive trend in the excess risk of lymphoma was observed in the chemical, leather, wood, and printing sector; and of leukaemia in the health and veterinary service. Discussion and conclusion The substantial role of occupational risks in hemolymphoepoietic cancer is confirmed. A better understanding of the diseases etiology is essential for the prevention policies development.
{"title":"P-147 HEMOLYMPHOEPOIETIC CANCER AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE: PROPORTIONAL MORTALITY RATIO STRATIFIED BY PERMANENCE IN THE OCCUPATIONAL SECTOR","authors":"Silvia D’Elia, Stefania Massari, Claudio Gariazzo, Alessandro Marinaccio","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0654","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Blood and lymphatic tumors represent about 7% of all new cancer diagnoses in Italy. The occupational component plays an important role in their etiology. Objective The goal of the study is to assess the excess risk of hemolymphoepoietic cancer in occupational sectors and how it varies in terms of working days in a specific area of employment. Methods The Italian national statistical institute archive of the causes of death for the years 2005 – 2018 has been integrated with the National Social Insurance Agency contribution archives, referring only to the private sector starting from the 1974 for analysing the occupational history of deceased. The Proportional Mortality Ratio (PMR) was calculated by specific cause and sector considering the services sector as the reference. Age-adjusted PMRs were estimated using a generalized linear model (GLM) with a logarithmic link function. The 95% confidence interval was calculated for estimated risks. The analysis was implemented by stratifying by classes of permanence in the sector defined based on days of contributions. Results The dataset contains 25,883 males from 45 occupational sectors. Excess risk of myeloma is observed for the highest class of permanence in the mechanical engineering, mining, metals, iron, and steel industries. A positive trend in the excess risk of lymphoma was observed in the chemical, leather, wood, and printing sector; and of leukaemia in the health and veterinary service. Discussion and conclusion The substantial role of occupational risks in hemolymphoepoietic cancer is confirmed. A better understanding of the diseases etiology is essential for the prevention policies development.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0969
Shanfa Yu
Introduction Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is an occupational carcinogen, but the molecular mechanism of Cr (VI) causing lung injury and even lung cancer is still unclear. Methods 36 SD male rats received inhalable intratracheal instillation of Cr (VI) (0.05, 0.25 mg Cr/kg) or same volume(3 ml/kg) of normal saline weekly for 28 days (total 5 times).Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed after 28d exposure, and the rest stopped exposure and self-repair for two weeks.the research was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou University (Grant Number: ZZUIRB 2021-117). Results Cr (VI) exposure caused the increase of blood Cr, urinary Cr, MDA, 8-OHDG, and the decrease of GSH and MDA,while two-week repair only reduced urinary Cr.Exposure to Cr (VI) upregulated FOXO1 and downregulated P-AKT and P-FOXO1 for two weeks.PI3K in the 0.25 mg Cr/kg group was inhibited after two-week repair. Cr (VI) exposure mainly promoted GADD45a and CHK2 in exposure group, mainly promoted BIM, BAX/BCL-2 and suppressed BCL-2 and BCL-XL in repair group. Discussion Cr (VI) exposure caused blood Cr accumulation, lung oxidative stress and DNA damage, also obvious after two-week repair, suggested that two-week repair couldn’t eliminate these effects. Cr (VI) exposure stimulated DNA damage response and apoptosis, and the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway was also activated, suggested there was a connection between them, PPI analysis also confirmed this hypothesis. Conclusion Cr (VI) may induce DNA damage response and apoptosis in lung by activating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway, two-week repair may alleviate oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by Cr (VI) exposure but couldn’t eliminate its effects.
引言 六价铬[Cr (VI)]是一种职业致癌物，但六价铬导致肺损伤甚至肺癌的分子机制仍不清楚。方法 36只SD雄性大鼠每周气管内吸入六价铬（0.05、0.25 mg Cr/kg）或同体积（3 ml/kg）生理盐水，连续28天（共5次），每组一半大鼠暴露28天后处死，其余大鼠停止暴露并自我修复两周，该研究获得郑州大学实验动物伦理委员会批准（批准号：ZZUIRB 2021-117）。结果 Cr（VI）暴露两周后，血Cr、尿Cr、MDA、8-OHDG升高，GSH和MDA降低，而两周修复后仅尿Cr降低。0.25 mg Cr/kg组的PI3K在两周修复后受到抑制。铬（Ⅵ）暴露组主要促进GADD45a和CHK2，修复组主要促进BIM、BAX/BCL-2，抑制BCL-2和BCL-XL。讨论 铬（Ⅵ）暴露引起血液中铬（Cr）积累、肺氧化应激和DNA损伤，在两周修复后也很明显，说明两周修复不能消除这些影响。铬（Ⅵ）暴露刺激了 DNA 损伤反应和细胞凋亡，PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 通路也被激活，表明它们之间存在联系，PPI 分析也证实了这一假设。结论 六价铬可通过激活 PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 通路诱导肺部 DNA 损伤反应和细胞凋亡，两周修复可减轻六价铬暴露引起的氧化应激和 DNA 损伤，但不能消除其影响。
{"title":"P-352 HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM CAUSED DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE AND APOPTOSIS VIA THE PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 PATHWAY TRIGGERED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS IN LUNG OF RAT","authors":"Shanfa Yu","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0969","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is an occupational carcinogen, but the molecular mechanism of Cr (VI) causing lung injury and even lung cancer is still unclear. Methods 36 SD male rats received inhalable intratracheal instillation of Cr (VI) (0.05, 0.25 mg Cr/kg) or same volume(3 ml/kg) of normal saline weekly for 28 days (total 5 times).Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed after 28d exposure, and the rest stopped exposure and self-repair for two weeks.the research was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou University (Grant Number: ZZUIRB 2021-117). Results Cr (VI) exposure caused the increase of blood Cr, urinary Cr, MDA, 8-OHDG, and the decrease of GSH and MDA,while two-week repair only reduced urinary Cr.Exposure to Cr (VI) upregulated FOXO1 and downregulated P-AKT and P-FOXO1 for two weeks.PI3K in the 0.25 mg Cr/kg group was inhibited after two-week repair. Cr (VI) exposure mainly promoted GADD45a and CHK2 in exposure group, mainly promoted BIM, BAX/BCL-2 and suppressed BCL-2 and BCL-XL in repair group. Discussion Cr (VI) exposure caused blood Cr accumulation, lung oxidative stress and DNA damage, also obvious after two-week repair, suggested that two-week repair couldn’t eliminate these effects. Cr (VI) exposure stimulated DNA damage response and apoptosis, and the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway was also activated, suggested there was a connection between them, PPI analysis also confirmed this hypothesis. Conclusion Cr (VI) may induce DNA damage response and apoptosis in lung by activating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway, two-week repair may alleviate oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by Cr (VI) exposure but couldn’t eliminate its effects.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0602
Masayoshi Zaitsu, Saki Tsushima, Sora Hirohashi, Shinji Niki
Introduction The aging workforce in Japan poses a growing concern regarding its potential impact on workplace accidents. Nevertheless, there is a lack of epidemiological studies analyzing statistical trends in workplace accidents at the national level. Methods We conducted a trend analysis using publicly available national data spanning 2012 to 2019 in Japan. Using age-stratified annual data and statistics from the Reports of Occupational Accidents and Diseases, sourced from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, we examined occupational fatalities and workplace accidents requiring a leave of four or more days. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated using the direct method with 10-year age categories. Temporal trends were assessed with Joinpoint regression analysis. Results Occupational fatalities exhibited a significant ASR decline, with an annual percent change (APC) of 5.1% (95% CI 6.8–3.3). However, no significant changes in ASR for overall workplace accidents were observed. Furthermore, when categorized by industry, the healthcare sector demonstrated an increasing ASR trend, with an APC of 2.2% (95% CI 1.1–3.3). Discussion and conclusion This study is the first to report the epidemiological trend in workplace accidents in Japan. The findings indicate a positive outcome in the reduction of occupational fatalities in Japan, possibly attributable to improved safety measures and awareness. However, the stability in overall workplace accident rates suggests a need for targeted interventions to mitigate accident risks in the aging workforce, especially in industries with increasing trends, such as healthcare.
导言 日本劳动力老龄化对工伤事故的潜在影响日益引起人们的关注。然而，在全国范围内缺乏对工伤事故统计趋势进行分析的流行病学研究。方法 我们利用日本 2012 年至 2019 年的全国公开数据进行了趋势分析。我们使用来自厚生劳动省《职业事故和职业病报告》的年龄分层年度数据和统计资料，对职业死亡事故和需要休假四天或四天以上的工伤事故进行了研究。年龄标准化比率（ASRs）采用直接法计算，以 10 岁为一个年龄组。通过 Joinpoint 回归分析评估了时间趋势。结果 职业死亡事故的年龄标准化比率显著下降，年百分比变化率 (APC) 为 5.1% (95% CI 6.8-3.3)。然而，总体工伤事故的 ASR 没有明显变化。此外，按行业分类，医疗保健行业的 ASR 呈上升趋势，APC 为 2.2% (95% CI 1.1-3.3)。讨论与结论 本研究首次报告了日本工伤事故的流行病学趋势。研究结果表明，日本在减少职业死亡事故方面取得了积极成果，这可能归功于安全措施和安全意识的提高。然而，总体工伤事故率的稳定性表明，有必要采取有针对性的干预措施，以降低老龄化劳动力的事故风险，特别是在医疗保健等呈上升趋势的行业。
{"title":"O-081 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS OF AGE-STANDARDIZED RATES FOR WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS IN JAPAN (2012–2019)","authors":"Masayoshi Zaitsu, Saki Tsushima, Sora Hirohashi, Shinji Niki","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0602","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The aging workforce in Japan poses a growing concern regarding its potential impact on workplace accidents. Nevertheless, there is a lack of epidemiological studies analyzing statistical trends in workplace accidents at the national level. Methods We conducted a trend analysis using publicly available national data spanning 2012 to 2019 in Japan. Using age-stratified annual data and statistics from the Reports of Occupational Accidents and Diseases, sourced from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, we examined occupational fatalities and workplace accidents requiring a leave of four or more days. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated using the direct method with 10-year age categories. Temporal trends were assessed with Joinpoint regression analysis. Results Occupational fatalities exhibited a significant ASR decline, with an annual percent change (APC) of 5.1% (95% CI 6.8–3.3). However, no significant changes in ASR for overall workplace accidents were observed. Furthermore, when categorized by industry, the healthcare sector demonstrated an increasing ASR trend, with an APC of 2.2% (95% CI 1.1–3.3). Discussion and conclusion This study is the first to report the epidemiological trend in workplace accidents in Japan. The findings indicate a positive outcome in the reduction of occupational fatalities in Japan, possibly attributable to improved safety measures and awareness. However, the stability in overall workplace accident rates suggests a need for targeted interventions to mitigate accident risks in the aging workforce, especially in industries with increasing trends, such as healthcare.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1356
Pouné Saberi, Ronda McCarthy, William Perkison
Introduction Increasing earth’s surface temperatures, and its contribution to the deterioration of air quality has resulted in increasing cardiopulmonary related health risks. Globally, over one billion workers are exposed to these changing climatic conditions including increases in heat indices, ground ozone levels, and particulate levels. Scientific literature supports the health benefits of establishing air quality indices and subsequent action alerts for the general community. The aim is to review literature on medical monitoring programs that can identify those workers who are at increased risk for the health effects of both elevated ambient temperatures and poor air quality and determine the role of an occupational program that takes into account both air quality and heat indices. Methods An occupational medicine literature review searching for heat-related illness outcomes in workers was conducted and investigated how the air pollutant levels and the level of heat exposure combined may impact worker health. Results While heat and air pollution are independent risk factors, they also act as synergistic health stressors for workers. Discussion More attention must be paid to co-exposure of heat and air pollution in workers. Air quality measures need to be incorporated into the heat illness prevention program for a more comprehensive approach in occupational medical monitoring programs as its own independent index to improve protection of workers. More information will be needed to codify the interventions based on the air quality indices. Conclusion Employee heat illness prevention programs should take into account the effects of air quality as well as traditional heat indices.
{"title":"P-560 CO-EXPOSURE OF WORKERS TO AIR POLLUTANTS AND A WARMING CLIMATE: SIGNIFICANCE OF MEDICAL MONITORING PROGRAMS","authors":"Pouné Saberi, Ronda McCarthy, William Perkison","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1356","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Increasing earth’s surface temperatures, and its contribution to the deterioration of air quality has resulted in increasing cardiopulmonary related health risks. Globally, over one billion workers are exposed to these changing climatic conditions including increases in heat indices, ground ozone levels, and particulate levels. Scientific literature supports the health benefits of establishing air quality indices and subsequent action alerts for the general community. The aim is to review literature on medical monitoring programs that can identify those workers who are at increased risk for the health effects of both elevated ambient temperatures and poor air quality and determine the role of an occupational program that takes into account both air quality and heat indices. Methods An occupational medicine literature review searching for heat-related illness outcomes in workers was conducted and investigated how the air pollutant levels and the level of heat exposure combined may impact worker health. Results While heat and air pollution are independent risk factors, they also act as synergistic health stressors for workers. Discussion More attention must be paid to co-exposure of heat and air pollution in workers. Air quality measures need to be incorporated into the heat illness prevention program for a more comprehensive approach in occupational medical monitoring programs as its own independent index to improve protection of workers. More information will be needed to codify the interventions based on the air quality indices. Conclusion Employee heat illness prevention programs should take into account the effects of air quality as well as traditional heat indices.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0475
Marije Hagendijk, Nina Zipfel, Jan Hoving, Marijke Melles Delft, Philip Wees Van der Radboud, Sylvia Van der Burg-Vermeulen
Introduction Value-based healthcare emphasizes the maximization of value for patients by improving healthcare outcomes that are most important to them in relation to costs. To monitor and improve value it is crucial to measure patient-centred outcomes. However, existing outcome sets lack the inclusion of work-related outcome measures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify a minimal set of work-related outcome measures for patients experiencing work participation problems due to cardiovascular diseases. Methods A 2-round modified Delphi process was employed, which included a combination of four meetings and surveys to facilitate debate and to achieve consensus on the outcome measures with an expert panel. The expert panel consisted out of 17 participants, including patient representatives (N=6) and a diverse group of professionals providing work-focused healthcare (N=11). Results A minimal work-related outcome set was defined, consisting of nine outcomes including (1)work participation, (2)suitable work, (3)physical work ability, (4)mental work ability, (5)communication with the patient, (6) person-centeredness, (7)support from the work environment, (8)flexibility in the work environment and (9)multidisciplinary communication. An outcome measure was selected for each of these outcomes. Discussion/conclusion This minimal set of outcome measures for patients experiencing work participation problems due to cardiovascular disease serves as a guideline for measuring work-related outcomes in a wide range of work-focused healthcare settings, enabling the monitoring of value and encouraging healthcare innovations. Using the set can gain insight into patients’ outcomes, assisting healthcare professionals to engaging in more effective conversations and shared decision-making with patients. Additionally, it can help patients develop a better understanding of their own work-focused healthcare process.
{"title":"P-028 A MINIMAL SET OF WORK-RELATED OUTCOME MEASURES MOST IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE EXPERIENCING WORK PARTICIPATION PROBLEMS DUE TO CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE","authors":"Marije Hagendijk, Nina Zipfel, Jan Hoving, Marijke Melles Delft, Philip Wees Van der Radboud, Sylvia Van der Burg-Vermeulen","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0475","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Value-based healthcare emphasizes the maximization of value for patients by improving healthcare outcomes that are most important to them in relation to costs. To monitor and improve value it is crucial to measure patient-centred outcomes. However, existing outcome sets lack the inclusion of work-related outcome measures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify a minimal set of work-related outcome measures for patients experiencing work participation problems due to cardiovascular diseases. Methods A 2-round modified Delphi process was employed, which included a combination of four meetings and surveys to facilitate debate and to achieve consensus on the outcome measures with an expert panel. The expert panel consisted out of 17 participants, including patient representatives (N=6) and a diverse group of professionals providing work-focused healthcare (N=11). Results A minimal work-related outcome set was defined, consisting of nine outcomes including (1)work participation, (2)suitable work, (3)physical work ability, (4)mental work ability, (5)communication with the patient, (6) person-centeredness, (7)support from the work environment, (8)flexibility in the work environment and (9)multidisciplinary communication. An outcome measure was selected for each of these outcomes. Discussion/conclusion This minimal set of outcome measures for patients experiencing work participation problems due to cardiovascular disease serves as a guideline for measuring work-related outcomes in a wide range of work-focused healthcare settings, enabling the monitoring of value and encouraging healthcare innovations. Using the set can gain insight into patients’ outcomes, assisting healthcare professionals to engaging in more effective conversations and shared decision-making with patients. Additionally, it can help patients develop a better understanding of their own work-focused healthcare process.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0380
Yessenia Huapaya, John Astete Cornejo
Introduction Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is currently considered an emerging public health problem due to the increase in economic activities associated with the use of data display screens (DDS). However, the lack of an instrument to identify the early symptoms and signs, can originate a prolonged exposure to the use of DDS and increase the prevalence of symptoms. Material and Methods A validation study incorporating content and discriminant validation of the CVS-Q instrument was carried out on administrative sector workers, susceptible to presenting risk factors associated with CVS in a company in Lima, Peru. The sample size consisted of 181 workers (91workers with risk factors for CVS and 90 workers without risk factors). Results The content validity was determined using the Aiken's method with average values greater than 0.7 for the coherence and clarity of the questions. The discriminant validity, an area under the ROC curve of 82.5% was obtained with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 89% for distinguishing between administrative and operative workers. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach's alpha method resulting in a value of 0,87 indicating high internal consistency. The Test-Retest reliability analysis for reproducibility was significant with a value of r=0,715. Conclusions The CVS-Q instrument demonstrated discriminant validity reaching high levels of sensitivy and specificity, being specific for measuring exposure to risk factors for CVS. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed through statistical Test-Retest analysis and the calculation of Cronbach's alpha. In conclusion, the study validates the CVS-Q among administrative workers.
{"title":"SS66-02 VALIDATION OF THE ‘COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME QUESTIONNAIRE’ (CVS-Q) INSTRUMENT AMONG ADMINISTRATIVE WORKERS IN LIMA, PERU (2019)","authors":"Yessenia Huapaya, John Astete Cornejo","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0380","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is currently considered an emerging public health problem due to the increase in economic activities associated with the use of data display screens (DDS). However, the lack of an instrument to identify the early symptoms and signs, can originate a prolonged exposure to the use of DDS and increase the prevalence of symptoms. Material and Methods A validation study incorporating content and discriminant validation of the CVS-Q instrument was carried out on administrative sector workers, susceptible to presenting risk factors associated with CVS in a company in Lima, Peru. The sample size consisted of 181 workers (91workers with risk factors for CVS and 90 workers without risk factors). Results The content validity was determined using the Aiken's method with average values greater than 0.7 for the coherence and clarity of the questions. The discriminant validity, an area under the ROC curve of 82.5% was obtained with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 89% for distinguishing between administrative and operative workers. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach's alpha method resulting in a value of 0,87 indicating high internal consistency. The Test-Retest reliability analysis for reproducibility was significant with a value of r=0,715. Conclusions The CVS-Q instrument demonstrated discriminant validity reaching high levels of sensitivy and specificity, being specific for measuring exposure to risk factors for CVS. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed through statistical Test-Retest analysis and the calculation of Cronbach's alpha. In conclusion, the study validates the CVS-Q among administrative workers.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0677
Jimmy Twin
Introduction Based on work by the Institute for Work & Health (Canada), a research impact framework was co-developed between the Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research (ISCRR, Australia) and WorkSafe Victoria (Australia) to measure and evaluate the impact of ISCRR research on policies, procedures and decision-making. This framework has now become a guiding strategy for ISCRR’s research translation activities. Methods This impact framework focusses on three main levels of research impact: i) research dissemination and diffusion, ii) informing decision-making, and iii) contribution towards societal change. All research carried out by ISCRR researchers for WorkSafe Victoria are now assessed for research impact. Results An audit of 35 ISCRR research projects completed between 2019-22 found that 77% (n=27) had achieved some form of impact which informed decision-making. These decision-making impacts ranged from informing internal strategies, treatment options and guidelines, and further research, as well as leading to the development of programs and initiatives. Two research projects demonstrated a connection to preliminary societal level impacts improving the outcome of injured workers. For the research projects without measured decision-making impacts (n=8), these were either too early in their impact journey, or there were difficulties in obtaining research impact metrics. Discussion The majority of ISCRR research for WorkSafe Victoria directly informs decision-making processes. The ability to measure these impacts relies on a proactive approach and champion identification. Conclusion Government authorities strive to make evidence-informed decisions backed by solid research. Research impact measurement and monitoring is important to demonstrate this process and identify opportunities to further impact progression.
引言 在加拿大工作与健康研究所（Institute for Work & Health）工作的基础上，澳大利亚安全、赔偿和康复研究所（ISCRR，澳大利亚）与维多利亚州工作安全局（WorkSafe Victoria，澳大利亚）共同开发了一个研究影响框架，以衡量和评估 ISCRR 的研究对政策、程序和决策的影响。该框架现已成为 ISCRR 研究成果转化活动的指导战略。方法 该影响框架侧重于研究影响的三个主要层面：i) 研究的传播和扩散；ii) 为决策提供信息；iii) 促进社会变革。ISCRR 研究人员为维多利亚州工作安全局开展的所有研究现在都要进行研究影响评估。结果 对2019-22年间完成的35个ISCRR研究项目进行审核后发现，77%（n=27）的项目取得了某种形式的影响，为决策提供了依据。这些决策影响包括为内部战略、治疗方案和指南以及进一步研究提供信息，以及促成计划和倡议的制定。有两个研究项目显示了与初步社会影响的联系，改善了受伤工人的治疗效果。至于没有衡量决策影响的研究项目（n=8），这些项目要么在产生影响的过程中还为时过早，要么在获得研究影响指标方面存在困难。讨论 ISCRR 为维多利亚州工作安全局开展的大部分研究都直接为决策过程提供了信息。衡量这些影响的能力有赖于积极主动的方法和支持者的识别。结论 政府部门应努力在扎实的研究基础上做出有据可依的决策。研究影响的衡量和监控对于展示这一过程和确定进一步提高影响的机会非常重要。
{"title":"P-160 IMPACTS ARISING FROM WORKPLACE HEALTH AND SAFETY RESEARCH FOR A GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY","authors":"Jimmy Twin","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0677","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Based on work by the Institute for Work & Health (Canada), a research impact framework was co-developed between the Institute for Safety, Compensation and Recovery Research (ISCRR, Australia) and WorkSafe Victoria (Australia) to measure and evaluate the impact of ISCRR research on policies, procedures and decision-making. This framework has now become a guiding strategy for ISCRR’s research translation activities. Methods This impact framework focusses on three main levels of research impact: i) research dissemination and diffusion, ii) informing decision-making, and iii) contribution towards societal change. All research carried out by ISCRR researchers for WorkSafe Victoria are now assessed for research impact. Results An audit of 35 ISCRR research projects completed between 2019-22 found that 77% (n=27) had achieved some form of impact which informed decision-making. These decision-making impacts ranged from informing internal strategies, treatment options and guidelines, and further research, as well as leading to the development of programs and initiatives. Two research projects demonstrated a connection to preliminary societal level impacts improving the outcome of injured workers. For the research projects without measured decision-making impacts (n=8), these were either too early in their impact journey, or there were difficulties in obtaining research impact metrics. Discussion The majority of ISCRR research for WorkSafe Victoria directly informs decision-making processes. The ability to measure these impacts relies on a proactive approach and champion identification. Conclusion Government authorities strive to make evidence-informed decisions backed by solid research. Research impact measurement and monitoring is important to demonstrate this process and identify opportunities to further impact progression.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0239
Frank van Dijk
Universal Occupational Health Coverage is a key element in reducing social inequality, promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction. Basic Occupational Health Services (BOHS) and similar innovations, part of primary or community healthcare, can support the largest part of all workers having no access to expert-based occupational health services. The session seeks to learn from existing practices in seven countries, varying from successful implemented new forms of occupational healthcare, basic occupational healthcare in early stages of development, and experiments while struggling on how to start. Accents can be different: on education of primary and community healthcare, on care for informal workers or on workers and farmers in agriculture. Insights are shared in how to manage BOHS services, and in how to develop and evaluate the tasks, quality of care, effectiveness, costs, coverage, and the participatory approach. A supporting infrastructure and referral options cannot be missed. We expect to learn about challenges in the path towards BOHS focusing upon the primary healthcare approach. During the final panel discussion, we will deliberate this issue further with international organizations and the audience. The session has the objective to increase awareness about the urgent need to create new occupational healthcare solutions appropriate for the majority of all workers. Another objective is knowledge dissemination of challenges to overcome and of solutions. International information can be shared. BOHS is a new and challenging topic for development, information, education, and research. We can wait no longer.
{"title":"SS40 BOTTLENECKS AND SOLUTIONS IN STARTING AND PROGRESSING BASIC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES (BOHS)","authors":"Frank van Dijk","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0239","url":null,"abstract":"Universal Occupational Health Coverage is a key element in reducing social inequality, promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction. Basic Occupational Health Services (BOHS) and similar innovations, part of primary or community healthcare, can support the largest part of all workers having no access to expert-based occupational health services. The session seeks to learn from existing practices in seven countries, varying from successful implemented new forms of occupational healthcare, basic occupational healthcare in early stages of development, and experiments while struggling on how to start. Accents can be different: on education of primary and community healthcare, on care for informal workers or on workers and farmers in agriculture. Insights are shared in how to manage BOHS services, and in how to develop and evaluate the tasks, quality of care, effectiveness, costs, coverage, and the participatory approach. A supporting infrastructure and referral options cannot be missed. We expect to learn about challenges in the path towards BOHS focusing upon the primary healthcare approach. During the final panel discussion, we will deliberate this issue further with international organizations and the audience. The session has the objective to increase awareness about the urgent need to create new occupational healthcare solutions appropriate for the majority of all workers. Another objective is knowledge dissemination of challenges to overcome and of solutions. International information can be shared. BOHS is a new and challenging topic for development, information, education, and research. We can wait no longer.","PeriodicalId":19452,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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