C. Dharmaratne, D. Jayasena, V. Sobana, U. D. Silva, S. Muhunthan
{"title":"A case of Poncet’s disease; a mimicker of rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"C. Dharmaratne, D. Jayasena, V. Sobana, U. D. Silva, S. Muhunthan","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117094412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. H. Silva, C. Wickramatilake, S. Lekamwasam, L. Mudduwa, R. Ubayasiri
Introduction: Interactions between three major body compartments; lean, fat and bone masses are essential for the maintenance of optimum bodily functions. This interaction is disturbed by factors such as advancing age, disease and drugs. The aim of the study was to understand the interaction of body compartments in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to optimise disease outcome. Methods: Fifty patients (38 males) with CKD awaiting kidney transplant at Teaching Hospitals, Karapitiya and Kandy and 50 age and gender matched control subjects were compared. Socio-demographic data, social habits and anthropometric measurements with blood pressure was obtained. Both patients and controls underwent DEXA scan to assess body composition. Results: Mean (SD) age of the patients was 48(9.6) years. In both groups; patients with CKD and participants in the control group, total body lean mass (TBLM) showed significant correlations with total body bone mineral density (TBBMD) (patients: r = 0.38, p = 0.008) (controls: r = 0.57, p = <0.001) and total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) (patients: r = 0.62, p = <0.001) (controls: r = 0.78, p = <0.001). No significant correlations were observed between total body fat mass (TBFM) and TBBMD or TBBMC. When regression models were fitted with TBBMD and TBBMC as dependent variables and TBLM as the independent variable, 1kg difference 2 2 in TBLM was associated with 0.007 g/cm ( p = 0.02) and 0.010 g/cm change in TBBMD in patients and controls, respectively. Furthermore, 1kg difference in TBLM was associated with 32 g ( p = 0.02) and 33 g ( p = 0.018) difference in TBBMC in patients with CKD and participants in the control group, respectively. Conclusions: Similar to participants in the control group, TBLM is a better predictor of TBBMC and TBBMD compared to TBFM and TRFM in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and this knowledge can be used in health promotion programs to improve bone health of these patients.
导言:三个主要身体隔室之间的相互作用;瘦肉、脂肪和骨骼是维持最佳身体机能所必需的。这种相互作用受到年龄增长、疾病和药物等因素的干扰。该研究的目的是了解慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)中身体隔室的相互作用，以优化疾病结局。方法:将Karapitiya和Kandy教学医院的50例等待肾移植的CKD患者(男性38例)与50例年龄和性别匹配的对照组进行比较。获得社会人口统计数据、社会习惯和人体测量值与血压。患者和对照组均行DEXA扫描以评估身体成分。结果:患者平均(SD)年龄为48(9.6)岁。在两组中;CKD患者和对照组的参与者，全身瘦质量(TBLM)与全身骨矿物质密度(TBBMD)(患者:r = 0.38, p = 0.008)(对照组:r = 0.57, p = <0.001)和全身骨矿物质含量(TBBMC)(患者:r = 0.62, p = <0.001)(对照组:r = 0.78, p = <0.001)呈显著相关。总体脂量(TBFM)与TBBMD或TBBMC之间无显著相关性。以TBBMD和TBBMC为因变量，TBLM为自变量拟合回归模型时，TBLM的1kg差异2与患者和对照组TBBMD的变化分别相关0.007 g/cm (p = 0.02)和0.010 g/cm。此外，1kg TBLM的差异与CKD患者和对照组中TBBMC的差异分别为32 g (p = 0.02)和33 g (p = 0.018)。结论:与对照组的参与者相似，终末期肾病(ESRD)患者的TBLM比TBFM和TRFM更能预测TBBMC和TBBMD，这一知识可用于健康促进计划，以改善这些患者的骨骼健康。
{"title":"Interaction between lean, fat and bone masses among patients with chronic kidney disease; a cross-sectional comparative study","authors":"E. H. Silva, C. Wickramatilake, S. Lekamwasam, L. Mudduwa, R. Ubayasiri","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8100","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Interactions between three major body compartments; lean, fat and bone masses are essential for the maintenance of optimum bodily functions. This interaction is disturbed by factors such as advancing age, disease and drugs. The aim of the study was to understand the interaction of body compartments in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to optimise disease outcome. Methods: Fifty patients (38 males) with CKD awaiting kidney transplant at Teaching Hospitals, Karapitiya and Kandy and 50 age and gender matched control subjects were compared. Socio-demographic data, social habits and anthropometric measurements with blood pressure was obtained. Both patients and controls underwent DEXA scan to assess body composition. Results: Mean (SD) age of the patients was 48(9.6) years. In both groups; patients with CKD and participants in the control group, total body lean mass (TBLM) showed significant correlations with total body bone mineral density (TBBMD) (patients: r = 0.38, p = 0.008) (controls: r = 0.57, p = <0.001) and total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) (patients: r = 0.62, p = <0.001) (controls: r = 0.78, p = <0.001). No significant correlations were observed between total body fat mass (TBFM) and TBBMD or TBBMC. When regression models were fitted with TBBMD and TBBMC as dependent variables and TBLM as the independent variable, 1kg difference 2 2 in TBLM was associated with 0.007 g/cm ( p = 0.02) and 0.010 g/cm change in TBBMD in patients and controls, respectively. Furthermore, 1kg difference in TBLM was associated with 32 g ( p = 0.02) and 33 g ( p = 0.018) difference in TBBMC in patients with CKD and participants in the control group, respectively. Conclusions: Similar to participants in the control group, TBLM is a better predictor of TBBMC and TBBMD compared to TBFM and TRFM in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and this knowledge can be used in health promotion programs to improve bone health of these patients.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132086914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Deaths due to drowning largely manifest as preventable accidents or suicides. This study deals with characteristics of cases of fatal drowning presented to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted retrospectively based on postmortem reports of deaths due to drowning available at the Colombo South Teaching Hospital from September 2015 to September 2020. The study reviews characteristics of fatal drowning cases reported to the institution including their epidemiology, features, injury patterns and associated factors. Results: Drowning accounted for 1.35% (n = 65) of total postmortems performed. The male to female ratio was 8:1. Children below 15 years of age contributed to 7.7% of the deaths. Accidental deaths were the commonest followed by suicide and homicide respectively. Evidence of alcohol consumption was noted in 30.8% (n = 20) and the majority of the drownings occurred in the sea. No putrefaction was seen in 58.5% (n = 38) bodies. The characteristic froth was noted in 43.1% (n = 28) of the study sample and there had not been a significant association between the presence of froth with the medium of water. Facial and chest injuries were the commonest associated injuries. Four cases of late death (near drowning) were reported. Twenty-six (40%) deaths could have been prevented. Conclusions: This study helps to emphasize an existing problem in Sri Lanka. The prevention of drowning is mostly an achievable goal in Sri Lanka as long as the risk factors and epidemiology are known along with an adequate emphasis.
{"title":"Characteristics of cases of fatal drowning at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka","authors":"H. Ariyarathna, E. A. Jayathilaka","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8103","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Deaths due to drowning largely manifest as preventable accidents or suicides. This study deals with characteristics of cases of fatal drowning presented to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted retrospectively based on postmortem reports of deaths due to drowning available at the Colombo South Teaching Hospital from September 2015 to September 2020. The study reviews characteristics of fatal drowning cases reported to the institution including their epidemiology, features, injury patterns and associated factors. Results: Drowning accounted for 1.35% (n = 65) of total postmortems performed. The male to female ratio was 8:1. Children below 15 years of age contributed to 7.7% of the deaths. Accidental deaths were the commonest followed by suicide and homicide respectively. Evidence of alcohol consumption was noted in 30.8% (n = 20) and the majority of the drownings occurred in the sea. No putrefaction was seen in 58.5% (n = 38) bodies. The characteristic froth was noted in 43.1% (n = 28) of the study sample and there had not been a significant association between the presence of froth with the medium of water. Facial and chest injuries were the commonest associated injuries. Four cases of late death (near drowning) were reported. Twenty-six (40%) deaths could have been prevented. Conclusions: This study helps to emphasize an existing problem in Sri Lanka. The prevention of drowning is mostly an achievable goal in Sri Lanka as long as the risk factors and epidemiology are known along with an adequate emphasis.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125278796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nishshanka, R. W. Kodikararachchi, A. Karunanayake
Introduction: The complications of dengue are related to reduced intravascular volume following plasma leakage. Thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunctions are detected in all stages of the illness and are related to the clinical outcome. The main objective of the study was to correlate absolute platelet count to the onset of leaking phase in dengue patients who had entered into leaking phase after the hospital admission. Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients (age range 14-74 years, median age 33 years) who entered the leaking phase after admission were recruited to the study. Dengue infection in patients was confirmed with either the presence of positive NS1 or positive IgM antibodies. Serial ultrasonography was done from admission until the leaking phase is detected. Platelet counts were assessed twice per day just prior to the ultrasonography. Results: There were 47 (40.5%) females and 69 (59.5%) males among the recruited patients. The mean number of days at which leaking was detected following onset of fever was 4.9 ± 0.9 days. The mean platelet count at the onset of leaking phase was 30,051 ± 17,023 /μL. Age and the platelet count at the time of onset of leaking phase was significantly negatively correlated (whole group r = -0.323 p Conclusions: According to this study, the value of platelet count as a predictor of the progression of dengue infection depends on the age of the patients. Young patients are more prone to develop leaking phase with higher platelet counts than the older patients.
{"title":"The relationship between platelet count and the onset of leaking phase in dengue patients","authors":"P. Nishshanka, R. W. Kodikararachchi, A. Karunanayake","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8102","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The complications of dengue are related to reduced intravascular volume following plasma leakage. Thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunctions are detected in all stages of the illness and are related to the clinical outcome. The main objective of the study was to correlate absolute platelet count to the onset of leaking phase in dengue patients who had entered into leaking phase after the hospital admission. Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients (age range 14-74 years, median age 33 years) who entered the leaking phase after admission were recruited to the study. Dengue infection in patients was confirmed with either the presence of positive NS1 or positive IgM antibodies. Serial ultrasonography was done from admission until the leaking phase is detected. Platelet counts were assessed twice per day just prior to the ultrasonography. Results: There were 47 (40.5%) females and 69 (59.5%) males among the recruited patients. The mean number of days at which leaking was detected following onset of fever was 4.9 ± 0.9 days. The mean platelet count at the onset of leaking phase was 30,051 ± 17,023 /μL. Age and the platelet count at the time of onset of leaking phase was significantly negatively correlated (whole group r = -0.323 p Conclusions: According to this study, the value of platelet count as a predictor of the progression of dengue infection depends on the age of the patients. Young patients are more prone to develop leaking phase with higher platelet counts than the older patients.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"1770 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129535339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Although Estrogen Receptor (ER) positivity is a good prognostic factor in breast carcinoma (BC), a subset of patients experiences poor disease-free survival (DFS). Mutation in phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is identified as a poor prognostic feature in BC. This study was designed to find out the impact of lost or poor PTEN expression on ER positive BC, in terms of the recognized prognostic factors and survival outcome to find out its association with tamoxifen resistance. Methods: This was a cross sectional study with a follow up component. BC tissue blocks submitted to our unit from 2006 to 2012 were selected. From the laboratory data, patients who had ER positive BC, undergone mastectomy, treated with tamoxifen were selected. All clinicopathological parameters, DFS and overall survival (OS) were analysed against lost or poor PTEN expression. Clinicopathological features were compared using Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier model with log-rank test was used for the survival analysis. Results: A total of 130 BC patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. PTEN expression was lost or poor in 82.3% (n=107) patients. PTEN expression had a positive association with the level of ER expression (p=0.011) and a negative association with Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) (p=0.045) and pathological stage (p Conclusions: This study showed that there is a statistically significant association between lost or poor PTEN expression and low ER expression, high NPI and stage 3 in ER positive BC. Further studies including larger study sample with a longer follow up are recommended to find out the association of PTEN with the survival in ER positive BC treated with tamoxifen.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical assessment of PTEN expression and itsassociation with tamoxifen resistance in ER positive breast cancers","authors":"T. Wijesiri, Harshini Peiris, L. Mudduwa","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i3.8101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although Estrogen Receptor (ER) positivity is a good prognostic factor in breast carcinoma (BC), a subset of patients experiences poor disease-free survival (DFS). Mutation in phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is identified as a poor prognostic feature in BC. This study was designed to find out the impact of lost or poor PTEN expression on ER positive BC, in terms of the recognized prognostic factors and survival outcome to find out its association with tamoxifen resistance. Methods: This was a cross sectional study with a follow up component. BC tissue blocks submitted to our unit from 2006 to 2012 were selected. From the laboratory data, patients who had ER positive BC, undergone mastectomy, treated with tamoxifen were selected. All clinicopathological parameters, DFS and overall survival (OS) were analysed against lost or poor PTEN expression. Clinicopathological features were compared using Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier model with log-rank test was used for the survival analysis. Results: A total of 130 BC patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. PTEN expression was lost or poor in 82.3% (n=107) patients. PTEN expression had a positive association with the level of ER expression (p=0.011) and a negative association with Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) (p=0.045) and pathological stage (p Conclusions: This study showed that there is a statistically significant association between lost or poor PTEN expression and low ER expression, high NPI and stage 3 in ER positive BC. Further studies including larger study sample with a longer follow up are recommended to find out the association of PTEN with the survival in ER positive BC treated with tamoxifen.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128119697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abstracts of oral and poster presentations of the 80th Annual Academic Sessions of Galle Medical Association (GMA) 2021 on 15 & 16 September 2021","authors":"Editors Gmj","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i0.8097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i0.8097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129725337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Thyroid follicular proliferations (TFPs) identified on fine needle aspiration cytology can be either follicular lesions of undetermined significance; Bethesda category 3 or follicular neoplasms and lesions suspicious for a follicular neoplasm; Bethesda category 4. The purpose of categorizing to Bethesda category 4 is to identify a thyroid nodule that might be a follicular carcinoma and triage it for thyroid lobectomy. This study was designed to determine the predictive value of categorizing TFPs to Bethesda category 4 in deciding on lobectomy for cytologically identified TFPs. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients with TFPs identified on cytology, and had a subsequent histological diagnosis, at our unit, over a period of two years. TFPs were categorized into either Bethesda category 3 or 4 on cytology, according to the Bethesda system. Sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) for Bethesda category 4 in identifying neoplastic TFPs and implied risk of malignancy for Bethesda category 3 and 4 were calculated taking histopathology as the gold standard. A total of 52 TFPs (Bethesda category 3; n = 39, Bethesda category 4; n = 13) were included. Subsequent histology has confirmed 18 neoplastic and 34 non-neoplastic TFPs. Sensitivity and specificity of Bethesda category 4 in identifying neoplastic TFPs were 66.66% and 97.05% respectively. PPV and NPV of Bethesda category 4 were 92.3% and 84.6% respectively. Implied risk of malignancy for Bethesda category 3 and 4 were 5.12% and 15.38% respectively. Conclusions: Bethesda category 4 predicts the TFPs that need thyroid lobectomy to triage for follicular carcinoma. The Bethesda category 3 and 4 carry an implied risk of malignancy comparable to the expected values given in Bethesda system.
{"title":"Identifying thyroid follicular proliferations that need lobectomy; value of the Bethesda category 4","authors":"A. Kankanamge, T. Liyanage, L. Mudduwa","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8088","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thyroid follicular proliferations (TFPs) identified on fine needle aspiration cytology can be either follicular lesions of undetermined significance; Bethesda category 3 or follicular neoplasms and lesions suspicious for a follicular neoplasm; Bethesda category 4. The purpose of categorizing to Bethesda category 4 is to identify a thyroid nodule that might be a follicular carcinoma and triage it for thyroid lobectomy. This study was designed to determine the predictive value of categorizing TFPs to Bethesda category 4 in deciding on lobectomy for cytologically identified TFPs. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients with TFPs identified on cytology, and had a subsequent histological diagnosis, at our unit, over a period of two years. TFPs were categorized into either Bethesda category 3 or 4 on cytology, according to the Bethesda system. Sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) for Bethesda category 4 in identifying neoplastic TFPs and implied risk of malignancy for Bethesda category 3 and 4 were calculated taking histopathology as the gold standard. A total of 52 TFPs (Bethesda category 3; n = 39, Bethesda category 4; n = 13) were included. Subsequent histology has confirmed 18 neoplastic and 34 non-neoplastic TFPs. Sensitivity and specificity of Bethesda category 4 in identifying neoplastic TFPs were 66.66% and 97.05% respectively. PPV and NPV of Bethesda category 4 were 92.3% and 84.6% respectively. Implied risk of malignancy for Bethesda category 3 and 4 were 5.12% and 15.38% respectively. Conclusions: Bethesda category 4 predicts the TFPs that need thyroid lobectomy to triage for follicular carcinoma. The Bethesda category 3 and 4 carry an implied risk of malignancy comparable to the expected values given in Bethesda system.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122996303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Jayawardana, P. Gamage, I. Ragunathan, I. Vithanage, W. Aslam
{"title":"Kawasaki-like disease and myocarditis in a child with recent COVID-19 Infection","authors":"P. Jayawardana, P. Gamage, I. Ragunathan, I. Vithanage, W. Aslam","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121698752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Illicit drug use is a growing problem in Sri Lanka. A significant proportion of prison admissions is illicit drug related in many countries including Sri Lanka. Objective: This study was conducted to describe the possible health and social problems following illicit drug use among males experiencing incarceration in Prison, Galle. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 254 males with history of illicit drug use behavior. An interviewer assisted, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the presence of known health and social problems related to drug use which were identified through literature. Associations for presence of health and social problems following illicit drug use were assessed using Chi square test at 0.05 significance level. Results: Health and social problems following illicit drug use were common among individuals experiencing incarceration and their presence was associated with poly drug use, drug dependence and problematic drug use (p<0.05 for all). Conclusion: Past illicit drug use and related health and social problems are common among inmates in Prison, Galle, creating a considerable burden for the prison system of the country. Urgent attention of policy makers is needed to address the prevention of the illicit drug use in the country.
{"title":"Health and social problems following illicit drug use among males experiencing incarceration in prison; a cross sectional study on single centre experience","authors":"I. Darshana, R. Ruben, C. Wijesinghe","doi":"10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Illicit drug use is a growing problem in Sri Lanka. A significant proportion of prison admissions is illicit drug related in many countries including Sri Lanka. \u0000Objective: This study was conducted to describe the possible health and social problems following illicit drug use among males experiencing incarceration in Prison, Galle. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 254 males with history of illicit drug use behavior. An interviewer assisted, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the presence of known health and social problems related to drug use which were identified through literature. Associations for presence of health and social problems following illicit drug use were assessed using Chi square test at 0.05 significance level. \u0000Results: Health and social problems following illicit drug use were common among individuals experiencing incarceration and their presence was associated with poly drug use, drug dependence and problematic drug use (p<0.05 for all). \u0000Conclusion: Past illicit drug use and related health and social problems are common among inmates in Prison, Galle, creating a considerable burden for the prison system of the country. Urgent attention of policy makers is needed to address the prevention of the illicit drug use in the country.","PeriodicalId":194530,"journal":{"name":"Galle Medical Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131528892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Madhushanthi, S. Wimalasekera, C. Goonewardena, A. Amarasekara, J. Lenora
Introduction: Age ranging from 11 to 14 years is regarded as early adolescence. Females are p vulnerable to experience stress with rapid physical, psychological, cognitive and social changes accompanied in adolescence. Stress experienced in adolescence is linked with a range of adverse physical and psychological consequences. The study aimed to determine the level of stress and factors contributing to stress among female adolescents in the Galle educational zone, Sri Lanka. Methods: A school based cross - sectional study was conducted on female adolescents (11 - 14 years, n = 218). A self-administered socio-demographic questionnaire and psychosocial adversity scale were used to assess socioeconomic status and psychosocial adversities respectively. The Body Mass Index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR), waist height ratio (WHtR) and fat percentage (FM%) were calculated to assess the nutritional status. Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ), which measures 9 dimensions of stress, was used to assess stress. Results: Normal nutritional status was observed in 118 (54.1%) while 65 (29.8%) and 35(16.1%) adolescents were underweight and overweight respectively. A majority of adolescents (n = 158, 72.9%) were experiencing stress. An increased stress levels were observed for the domains of school attendance (n = 203, 93.1%), future uncertainty (n = 202, 92.7%), school performance (n = 185, 84.9%), emerging responsibility (n = 186, 85.3%), and conflict of school/leisure time (n = 178, 81.7%). Conclusions: Most adolescents considered future uncertainty and school attendance as the greatest stress inducing factors. Urgent measures to decrease stress levels amongst these adolescents need to be implemented.
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