Bridging generations can be a powerful and meaningful two-way educational process. Intergenerational learning experiences have different positive impacts and outcomes in both the young and senior learners, through the exchange of competencies and knowledge. They are also an educational experience that enables the realisation of different paradigms of values, which nurture the broadening of learners’ mindset. Intergenerational learning configures itself as a relevant tool for historical education, as young students benefit from the seniors’ lifetime experience of historical events and contexts, which may be explained and testified first-hand with a positive spillover to young children’s learning process. This paper aims to share an intergeneration learning experience that brought an English as Additional Language class from middle school students together with seniors aged 65 to 94 years old, over the period of eight weekly sessions in a Portuguese international school context, under the principle objective of developing English language knowledge and skills in the elder participants and, contrariwise, to foster children’s perception on the value of life experience to their own world view, historical knowledge, memory and socialisation. Each session was assessed by the children, seniors, teacher-facilitator and observer, from which data was gathered via pre, post and weekly questionnaires which asserted a mutual meaningful learning impact on both younger and older participants.
{"title":"Historical Memory for Education: A Combined Intergenerational Educational Experience","authors":"Pedro Teixeira Pereira","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i3.704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i3.704","url":null,"abstract":"Bridging generations can be a powerful and meaningful two-way educational process. Intergenerational learning experiences have different positive impacts and outcomes in both the young and senior learners, through the exchange of competencies and knowledge. They are also an educational experience that enables the realisation of different paradigms of values, which nurture the broadening of learners’ mindset. Intergenerational learning configures itself as a relevant tool for historical education, as young students benefit from the seniors’ lifetime experience of historical events and contexts, which may be explained and testified first-hand with a positive spillover to young children’s learning process. This paper aims to share an intergeneration learning experience that brought an English as Additional Language class from middle school students together with seniors aged 65 to 94 years old, over the period of eight weekly sessions in a Portuguese international school context, under the principle objective of developing English language knowledge and skills in the elder participants and, contrariwise, to foster children’s perception on the value of life experience to their own world view, historical knowledge, memory and socialisation. Each session was assessed by the children, seniors, teacher-facilitator and observer, from which data was gathered via pre, post and weekly questionnaires which asserted a mutual meaningful learning impact on both younger and older participants.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129420442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work presented in this paper is related to the use of the flexible assessment to promote collaborative learning that impact students’ engagement and learning, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents the analysis and results obtained by applying the flexible assessment in a large second-year undergraduate computer science module. Flexibility in assessment is usually achieved by giving students choice over the assessment components, contents, type, weight, timing, or the overall assessment grade. This study, however, demonstrates the development of a flexible assessment where students were given the choice to invest in a flexible assignment task designed to encourage collaborative learning and the development of higher-order thinking skills. The flexible assessment used in this study has proven that effective learning can occur when students work collaboratively. The data used for the analysis are those collected from a questionnaire distributed to students by the end of the academic term in addition to gathering students’ written feedback comments about their experience of the new flexible assessment. The questionnaire results and students’ feedback related to their learning experience are recorded and examined. Students’ performance of the targeted module has been recorded, interpreted, and contrasted with similar assessment of another module that has no flexibility in its requirements. In accordance with the students’ performance, questionnaire and feedback analysis results, flexible assessment is considered a unique assessment, beneficial and useful for students’ learning and engagement.
{"title":"The Impact of Flexible Assessment on Students’ Engagement and Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sahar Al-Sudani","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i4.545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i4.545","url":null,"abstract":"The work presented in this paper is related to the use of the flexible assessment to promote collaborative learning that impact students’ engagement and learning, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents the analysis and results obtained by applying the flexible assessment in a large second-year undergraduate computer science module. Flexibility in assessment is usually achieved by giving students choice over the assessment components, contents, type, weight, timing, or the overall assessment grade. This study, however, demonstrates the development of a flexible assessment where students were given the choice to invest in a flexible assignment task designed to encourage collaborative learning and the development of higher-order thinking skills. The flexible assessment used in this study has proven that effective learning can occur when students work collaboratively. The data used for the analysis are those collected from a questionnaire distributed to students by the end of the academic term in addition to gathering students’ written feedback comments about their experience of the new flexible assessment. The questionnaire results and students’ feedback related to their learning experience are recorded and examined. Students’ performance of the targeted module has been recorded, interpreted, and contrasted with similar assessment of another module that has no flexibility in its requirements. In accordance with the students’ performance, questionnaire and feedback analysis results, flexible assessment is considered a unique assessment, beneficial and useful for students’ learning and engagement.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114427727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teaching practice has the potential to guide acculturation educational processes to cultural inclusion. Acculturation may lead to social tensions or peaceful connivance. An acculturation process might be inclusive when educational participants symmetrically recognise, validate and use the different cultures as part of the curriculum. The Cultural Bridge (CB) is an approach that teachers might use to design inclusive teaching practices. The method is a qualitative case study on an integration course in Germany. Results evidence a partially inclusive educational process. According to the teacher’s interview analysis, the teaching practice approximates the CB principles, but there are limitations because of the system and social barriers. The most relevant situations that limit the teacher's practice are the rigid curriculum, the test as the primary goal, the short time for addressing the mandatory topics and the students’ social isolation. As a recommendation, integration courses might engage the local community in the educational process.
{"title":"Teaching Practice in Acculturation Educational Settings: A Case Study on an Integration Course","authors":"Julio César Tovar-Gálvez","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i1.655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i1.655","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching practice has the potential to guide acculturation educational processes to cultural inclusion. Acculturation may lead to social tensions or peaceful connivance. An acculturation process might be inclusive when educational participants symmetrically recognise, validate and use the different cultures as part of the curriculum. The Cultural Bridge (CB) is an approach that teachers might use to design inclusive teaching practices. The method is a qualitative case study on an integration course in Germany. Results evidence a partially inclusive educational process. According to the teacher’s interview analysis, the teaching practice approximates the CB principles, but there are limitations because of the system and social barriers. The most relevant situations that limit the teacher's practice are the rigid curriculum, the test as the primary goal, the short time for addressing the mandatory topics and the students’ social isolation. As a recommendation, integration courses might engage the local community in the educational process.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114579422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stretching beyond its theoretical field, the debates about the purposes of history education are of great importance to curriculum writers and classroom practitioners. The content selection from a broad field of history is connected to what educators deem an overarching purpose of education. With this in mind, this paper aims to examine the purposes of teaching history against the background of the two general theories of education, namely – the theories of a flourishing life and powerful knowledge. While the theory of a flourishing life encourages the development of personal autonomy, allowing individuals to make successful choices, the theory of powerful knowledge examines the importance of traditional academic knowledge for individual success. The paper will also use the context of post-conflict societies, to reflect on the question of possible purposes of history education.
{"title":"The Purposes of History Education in the Context of “Flourishing Life”, “Powerful Knowledge” and Political Reconciliation","authors":"Danilo Kovač","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i1.648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i1.648","url":null,"abstract":"Stretching beyond its theoretical field, the debates about the purposes of history education are of great importance to curriculum writers and classroom practitioners. The content selection from a broad field of history is connected to what educators deem an overarching purpose of education. With this in mind, this paper aims to examine the purposes of teaching history against the background of the two general theories of education, namely – the theories of a flourishing life and powerful knowledge. While the theory of a flourishing life encourages the development of personal autonomy, allowing individuals to make successful choices, the theory of powerful knowledge examines the importance of traditional academic knowledge for individual success. The paper will also use the context of post-conflict societies, to reflect on the question of possible purposes of history education.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134515287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought not only a global health crisis, but also many changes and shifts towards a more digitalized working environment. In line with the GlobalET conference theme of this year, this paper looks at how particularly the education sectors has been affected by these new forms of working. One year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the Competence Team for the Digitalization of Communication at the FHWien der WKW – University of Applied Sciences for Management and Communication conducted two comparative online surveys with students as well as 60 in-depth interviews. The results of this research help to identify and improve ongoing Distance Learning practices, starting with logistics such as the preferred study mode, recommended duration of the Distance Learning units or mandatory attendance of students during class. The outcome of the research will further contribute to sharpen the clarity of the purpose of digital activities to understand the required support services or online material and to develop possibilities to track students’ study progress. Even though there is an understanding that more than one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the findings can only represent the current status and cannot give a long-term outlook, they might be useful to further develop students’ needs for future Distance Learning and its practices.
{"title":"E-Learning in Times Of COVID-19: Insights into Management and Communication Students’ Perspectives Throughout the Global Coronavirus Pandemic","authors":"Jasmin Séra, Georg Feldmann","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i2.656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i2.656","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has brought not only a global health crisis, but also many changes and shifts towards a more digitalized working environment. In line with the GlobalET conference theme of this year, this paper looks at how particularly the education sectors has been affected by these new forms of working. One year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the Competence Team for the Digitalization of Communication at the FHWien der WKW – University of Applied Sciences for Management and Communication conducted two comparative online surveys with students as well as 60 in-depth interviews. The results of this research help to identify and improve ongoing Distance Learning practices, starting with logistics such as the preferred study mode, recommended duration of the Distance Learning units or mandatory attendance of students during class. The outcome of the research will further contribute to sharpen the clarity of the purpose of digital activities to understand the required support services or online material and to develop possibilities to track students’ study progress. Even though there is an understanding that more than one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the findings can only represent the current status and cannot give a long-term outlook, they might be useful to further develop students’ needs for future Distance Learning and its practices.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"48 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134260200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paradigm shifts in the field of education have been an issue in the Philippines since the COVID-19 pandemic struck. To fill this gap, this study sought to highlight the pedagogical practices and teaching experiences of award-winning educators in a State University. The qualitative data extracted from semi-structured interviews were analyzed following a thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. One finding revealed that the educators’ years in service and educational attainments were helpful in their migration from face-to-face to distance education, even though the number of course preparations was a weight on their shoulders. Secondly, the educators conducted their classes through preparation and implementation via fifteen instructional methods, formative and summative assessments, and feedback. On another note, the educators determined six roadblocks in their teaching practice with explanations on how they overcame them. Amidst all these, they mentioned that it is imperative to uphold empathy in the conduct of their classes.
{"title":"COVIDifying Education through the Lens of Award-Winning Educators in a State University in the Philippines","authors":"Joseph B. Quinto","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i2.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i2.551","url":null,"abstract":"Paradigm shifts in the field of education have been an issue in the Philippines since the COVID-19 pandemic struck. To fill this gap, this study sought to highlight the pedagogical practices and teaching experiences of award-winning educators in a State University. The qualitative data extracted from semi-structured interviews were analyzed following a thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. One finding revealed that the educators’ years in service and educational attainments were helpful in their migration from face-to-face to distance education, even though the number of course preparations was a weight on their shoulders. Secondly, the educators conducted their classes through preparation and implementation via fifteen instructional methods, formative and summative assessments, and feedback. On another note, the educators determined six roadblocks in their teaching practice with explanations on how they overcame them. Amidst all these, they mentioned that it is imperative to uphold empathy in the conduct of their classes.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124443549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The student success in the first year, is influenced, among the other things, even by academic factors: college readiness, core curriculum in high school, cognitive, etc. The alignment analysis of the some core courses between university and high school, is the main objective of this article. The qualitative method and student questionnaires, are used to carry out this analysis. The results obtained indicate the influence of curriculum alignment on classroom teaching and student success for three core courses: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, on the first year. Using the regress analyze, some linear relationships are found, either for two classroom teaching and student success indicators as well. Based on these results, we emphasize the necessity for a greater student support during the transition from high school to university, in order to foster student success. This study was conducted in engineering study field, but it can be used in the other fields as well.
{"title":"Analyzing the Influence of The Secondary to University Core Courses Alignment","authors":"Flamur Bidaj, A. Paparisto","doi":"10.33422/ejte.v3i2.645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ejte.v3i2.645","url":null,"abstract":"The student success in the first year, is influenced, among the other things, even by academic factors: college readiness, core curriculum in high school, cognitive, etc. The alignment analysis of the some core courses between university and high school, is the main objective of this article. The qualitative method and student questionnaires, are used to carry out this analysis. The results obtained indicate the influence of curriculum alignment on classroom teaching and student success for three core courses: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, on the first year. Using the regress analyze, some linear relationships are found, either for two classroom teaching and student success indicators as well. Based on these results, we emphasize the necessity for a greater student support during the transition from high school to university, in order to foster student success. This study was conducted in engineering study field, but it can be used in the other fields as well.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121132765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses part of a practitioner research case-study which I carried out with a class of thirty-seven college students learning chemistry in a blended learning context. The full two-year study involved a multi-method interpretivist approach using observations, unsolicited meetings, VLE tracking system, students’ reflective journal, online informal discussions, questionnaires, focus groups and individual interviews. The study identified four key student online learning dispositions, i.e., the dispositions of resourcefulness, resilience, reciprocity and responsibility. These dispositions were identified as persona-related enablers for online learning and were found to be crucial for the students to develop a deep approach to learning. They were also instrumental for changes in the students as learners. These included changes in epistemological beliefs, study patterns, study habits and above all, changes in learner roles and learning identities. Notable changes occurred in a group of learners who were initially reluctant to learn from the online environment. This study showed that student learning dispositions may be transferred from one context to another. This includes a transfer of learning dispositions from the online environment to the face-to-face traditional classroom setting. Several educators argue that learning dispositions should be included as educational goals in educational curricula and should serve as practical strategies in creating learning environments. Learning activities should provide students with opportunities to develop and cultivate desirable dispositions for learning.
{"title":"The Identification of Key Online Learning Dispositions of College Students Learning in A Blended Learning Course","authors":"Sharon Rolé","doi":"10.33422/EJTE.V2I3.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/EJTE.V2I3.492","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses part of a practitioner research case-study which I carried out with a class of thirty-seven college students learning chemistry in a blended learning context. The full two-year study involved a multi-method interpretivist approach using observations, unsolicited meetings, VLE tracking system, students’ reflective journal, online informal discussions, questionnaires, focus groups and individual interviews. The study identified four key student online learning dispositions, i.e., the dispositions of resourcefulness, resilience, reciprocity and responsibility. These dispositions were identified as persona-related enablers for online learning and were found to be crucial for the students to develop a deep approach to learning. They were also instrumental for changes in the students as learners. These included changes in epistemological beliefs, study patterns, study habits and above all, changes in learner roles and learning identities. Notable changes occurred in a group of learners who were initially reluctant to learn from the online environment. This study showed that student learning dispositions may be transferred from one context to another. This includes a transfer of learning dispositions from the online environment to the face-to-face traditional classroom setting. Several educators argue that learning dispositions should be included as educational goals in educational curricula and should serve as practical strategies in creating learning environments. Learning activities should provide students with opportunities to develop and cultivate desirable dispositions for learning.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125285008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of literacy skills of children from disadvantaged backgrounds has always been a relevant topic in education as it represents a means of reducing poverty and of improving living conditions. This paper focuses on the Roma minority, a historically disadvantaged minority and the largest ethnic group in Europe that has been reported to have a low literacy rate compared with their non-Roma counterparts. This study intends to identify the main challenges that Roma children face when they learn how to read and point out potential educational practices that can alleviate the condition of Roma children by helping them to improve their literacy development rate.
{"title":"Challenges of Teaching Roma Minority Children How to Read: What Do We Know and What Can We Do About It?","authors":"R. Pop","doi":"10.33422/EJTE.V2I3.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/EJTE.V2I3.496","url":null,"abstract":"The development of literacy skills of children from disadvantaged backgrounds has always been a relevant topic in education as it represents a means of reducing poverty and of improving living conditions. This paper focuses on the Roma minority, a historically disadvantaged minority and the largest ethnic group in Europe that has been reported to have a low literacy rate compared with their non-Roma counterparts. This study intends to identify the main challenges that Roma children face when they learn how to read and point out potential educational practices that can alleviate the condition of Roma children by helping them to improve their literacy development rate.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115280619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Spinillo, A. E. Oliveira, Katherine Marjorie, C. Lima, Larissa Ugaya Mazza, L. Oliveira, Ivana Figueiredo de Oliveira Aquino
Animated pictorial instructions are effective resources for learning medical content (e.g., surgical procedures). Considering this, the Open University of the Unified Health System of the Federal University of Maranhão (UNA-SUS/UFMA) in Brazil employs animation in their distance learning courses. From 2009 to the present the UNA-SUS/UFMA has offered 48 e-courses to health professionals, reaching around 470,000 enrolments. The development of animated instructions at UNA-SUS/UFMA considers medical and pedagogical knowledge only, lacking information design expertise to reach communication effectiveness. Thus, a design methodology was proposed based on: (a) the results of an analytical study of 100 medical animations; (b) the outcomes of a context analysis of the UNA-SUS/UFMA design process through interviews with the heads of the educational production departments; and (c) the results of an online questionnaire with 1,735 health professionals. The methodology consists of three phases: (1) Structuring: identification and arrangement of different contents (introductory content, inventory information, steps, warnings), resulting in an animation script; (2) Representation: definition of the animation graphic appearance and technological resources (e.g., pictorial style, camera framing, interaction cues), resulting in a visual storyboard or mock-up/prototype that can be tested with users (e.g., comprehension, usability tests); and (3) Finalization: programming and production of the animation. For each phase, instruments/protocols were developed to aid decision-making (form, guidelines and checklist). To evaluate the methodology, a focus group was conducted with the animation stakeholders/developers of the UNA-SUS/UFMA. The results were positive, but suggestions were made to improve the decision-making instruments, which were considered in the methodology final design.
{"title":"Designing animated pictorial instructions: A methodology proposed for the Open University of the Unified Health System in Brazil (UNA-SUS/UFMA)","authors":"C. Spinillo, A. E. Oliveira, Katherine Marjorie, C. Lima, Larissa Ugaya Mazza, L. Oliveira, Ivana Figueiredo de Oliveira Aquino","doi":"10.33422/EJTE.V2I4.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/EJTE.V2I4.525","url":null,"abstract":"Animated pictorial instructions are effective resources for learning medical content (e.g., surgical procedures). Considering this, the Open University of the Unified Health System of the Federal University of Maranhão (UNA-SUS/UFMA) in Brazil employs animation in their distance learning courses. From 2009 to the present the UNA-SUS/UFMA has offered 48 e-courses to health professionals, reaching around 470,000 enrolments. The development of animated instructions at UNA-SUS/UFMA considers medical and pedagogical knowledge only, lacking information design expertise to reach communication effectiveness. Thus, a design methodology was proposed based on: (a) the results of an analytical study of 100 medical animations; (b) the outcomes of a context analysis of the UNA-SUS/UFMA design process through interviews with the heads of the educational production departments; and (c) the results of an online questionnaire with 1,735 health professionals. The methodology consists of three phases: (1) Structuring: identification and arrangement of different contents (introductory content, inventory information, steps, warnings), resulting in an animation script; (2) Representation: definition of the animation graphic appearance and technological resources (e.g., pictorial style, camera framing, interaction cues), resulting in a visual storyboard or mock-up/prototype that can be tested with users (e.g., comprehension, usability tests); and (3) Finalization: programming and production of the animation. For each phase, instruments/protocols were developed to aid decision-making (form, guidelines and checklist). To evaluate the methodology, a focus group was conducted with the animation stakeholders/developers of the UNA-SUS/UFMA. The results were positive, but suggestions were made to improve the decision-making instruments, which were considered in the methodology final design.","PeriodicalId":194693,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Teaching and Education","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125942175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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