Jiayue Lin, Yang Jiang, Xu Zhou, Ting Zhang, Xu Yan
The development and creation of innovative therapeutic supplements and medications with extraordinary efficacy for addressing severe diabetes are of utmost importance to both developing and developed nations. A bio-inspired method has been documented for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using Pistacia atlantica leaf extract as a natural stabilizing agent. This approach is applicable, easy, and environmentally friendly, as it avoids using any toxic or harmful reagents. The CuNPs that were synthesized through biological processes underwent characterization using sophisticated physicochemical methods such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. It is confirmed that CuNPs exhibit a spherical structure, with an average size ranging from approximately 30 to 70 nm. Diabetes was induced in vivo through a fructose-enriched diet combined with streptozotocin. Half the subjects were administered CuNPs (100 µg/kg) via oral gavage. In contrast to the animals that were given regular food, the diabetic animals revealed an increase in serum fasting glucose level and a decrease in glucose tolerance. The administration of CuNPs had a significant impact on reducing glucose intolerance and fasting hyperglycemia. Additionally, it helped alleviate the negative effects of diabetes on cardiac output and work. Furthermore, utilizing CuNPs effectively hindered the rise in cardiac signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-phosphorylation caused by diabetes. The findings from this investigation provide evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CuNPs in mitigating diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats.
{"title":"Preparation, characterization, and determination of the therapeutic effects of copper nanoparticles green-formulated by Pistacia atlantica in diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction in rat","authors":"Jiayue Lin, Yang Jiang, Xu Zhou, Ting Zhang, Xu Yan","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0071","url":null,"abstract":"The development and creation of innovative therapeutic supplements and medications with extraordinary efficacy for addressing severe diabetes are of utmost importance to both developing and developed nations. A bio-inspired method has been documented for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using <jats:italic>Pistacia atlantica</jats:italic> leaf extract as a natural stabilizing agent. This approach is applicable, easy, and environmentally friendly, as it avoids using any toxic or harmful reagents. The CuNPs that were synthesized through biological processes underwent characterization using sophisticated physicochemical methods such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. It is confirmed that CuNPs exhibit a spherical structure, with an average size ranging from approximately 30 to 70 nm. Diabetes was induced <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> through a fructose-enriched diet combined with streptozotocin. Half the subjects were administered CuNPs (100 µg/kg) via oral gavage. In contrast to the animals that were given regular food, the diabetic animals revealed an increase in serum fasting glucose level and a decrease in glucose tolerance. The administration of CuNPs had a significant impact on reducing glucose intolerance and fasting hyperglycemia. Additionally, it helped alleviate the negative effects of diabetes on cardiac output and work. Furthermore, utilizing CuNPs effectively hindered the rise in cardiac signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-phosphorylation caused by diabetes. The findings from this investigation provide evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CuNPs in mitigating diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatima Siddiqui, Nureen Zahra, Basit Zeshan, Ayaz Ali Khan, Abid Sarwar, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi, Abdulrahman Alshammari
Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes many infections worldwide. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are mostly watched in hospital-acquired infections and are linked with high mortality rates. This study aims to find a possible cure for P. aeruginosa by using an additive and synergistic combination of drugs. The Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa were isolated and identified by using clinical and laboratory standards institute protocols and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by using disc and well diffusion method. In computational analysis, all of the ligands and proteins were selected and docking was done using PYRX. Hundred samples were taken of isolated Gram-negative bacteria of which 25% were P. aeruginosa. Additive combinations (meropenem [MPM] + tobramycin [TOB] was 100% sensitive and imipenem + TOB was also 100% sensitive) and synergistic combinations (MPM + ciprofloxacin were 90% sensitive and amikacin and imipenem) were 100% sensitive according to CLSI protocol. In computational analysis, TOB gave the highest binding energy of −11.4, whereas MPM shows a binding energy of −9.3. In conclusion, Additive and synergistic combination of drugs showed good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence it can be used as a good treatment option for P. aeruginosa.
{"title":"Scrutinizing the effect of additive and synergistic antibiotics against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Fatima Siddiqui, Nureen Zahra, Basit Zeshan, Ayaz Ali Khan, Abid Sarwar, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi, Abdulrahman Alshammari","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0074","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</jats:italic> causes many infections worldwide. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are mostly watched in hospital-acquired infections and are linked with high mortality rates. This study aims to find a possible cure for <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa</jats:italic> by using an additive and synergistic combination of drugs. The Carbapenem-resistant <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa</jats:italic> were isolated and identified by using clinical and laboratory standards institute protocols and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by using disc and well diffusion method. In computational analysis, all of the ligands and proteins were selected and docking was done using PYRX. Hundred samples were taken of isolated Gram-negative bacteria of which 25% were <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa</jats:italic>. Additive combinations (meropenem [MPM] + tobramycin [TOB] was 100% sensitive and imipenem + TOB was also 100% sensitive) and synergistic combinations (MPM + ciprofloxacin were 90% sensitive and amikacin and imipenem) were 100% sensitive according to CLSI protocol. In computational analysis, TOB gave the highest binding energy of −11.4, whereas MPM shows a binding energy of −9.3. In conclusion, Additive and synergistic combination of drugs showed good antibacterial activity against <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</jats:italic>. Hence it can be used as a good treatment option for <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa.</jats:italic>","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafik A. M. Khalil, Talaat H. El-Sawah, Tawfiq Alsulami, Ayah T. Zaidalkilani, Ammar Al-Farga, Wael F. Elkot
Dried lemongrass (DLG) herb is high in total phenolic compounds (1,388 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), antioxidant scavenging activity (57.88%), and dietary fibers (19.61%), and it also imparts lemon flavor, minerals, and several health benefits. Therefore, it is considered a cost-effective and functional ingredient for various food systems. A trial was conducted to incorporate DLG into a functional low-fat lemon frozen dessert as a fat mimetic and to assess its impacts on physicochemical, rheological, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant scavenging activity, sensory properties, and production costs. A control full-fat frozen dairy dessert (FFD) with 6% fat was prepared for comparison. DLG was added to a low-fat frozen dessert (LFD) with 1% fat at ratios of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%. Results showed that FFD had higher rheological characteristics, melting resistance, production costs, and sensory properties compared to LFD. The use of DLG increased mix specific gravity, freezing point depression, apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient index, overrun, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant scavenging activity while decreasing the pH value compared to LFD. Adding 0.5–1.0% DLG to LFD significantly improved overall acceptability and reduced production costs by 23.80 and 18.56%, respectively. The functional LFD with 0.5–1% DLG achieved comparable quality characteristics to the full-fat treatment.
{"title":"Development and characterization of functional low-fat frozen dairy dessert enhanced with dried lemongrass powder","authors":"Rafik A. M. Khalil, Talaat H. El-Sawah, Tawfiq Alsulami, Ayah T. Zaidalkilani, Ammar Al-Farga, Wael F. Elkot","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Dried lemongrass (DLG) herb is high in total phenolic compounds (1,388 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), antioxidant scavenging activity (57.88%), and dietary fibers (19.61%), and it also imparts lemon flavor, minerals, and several health benefits. Therefore, it is considered a cost-effective and functional ingredient for various food systems. A trial was conducted to incorporate DLG into a functional low-fat lemon frozen dessert as a fat mimetic and to assess its impacts on physicochemical, rheological, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant scavenging activity, sensory properties, and production costs. A control full-fat frozen dairy dessert (FFD) with 6% fat was prepared for comparison. DLG was added to a low-fat frozen dessert (LFD) with 1% fat at ratios of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%. Results showed that FFD had higher rheological characteristics, melting resistance, production costs, and sensory properties compared to LFD. The use of DLG increased mix specific gravity, freezing point depression, apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient index, overrun, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant scavenging activity while decreasing the pH value compared to LFD. Adding 0.5–1.0% DLG to LFD significantly improved overall acceptability and reduced production costs by 23.80 and 18.56%, respectively. The functional LFD with 0.5–1% DLG achieved comparable quality characteristics to the full-fat treatment.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Binh An Pham, Thi Yen Nhi Tran, Tung Xuan Tan Nguyen, Tan Phat Dao, Hoang Duy Ngo, Ngoc Duc Vu
Cashew apple is a source of by-products in the cashew industry. Powder products provide convenience to the process of use, transport, and preservation of nutrients. In this study, the production of soluble powder from cashew apples was developed through the investigation of hydrolysis process (time, temperature, and enzyme tannase) and convective drying conditions (temperature and maltodextrin content). The following indicators are evaluated, such as the total polyphenol content (TPC), total tannin content, total ascorbic acid, solubility, turbidity, and color. The results have shown that TPC increased by 1.67 times, and more than 50% of tannins was removed after the hydrolysis process. At the same time, the efficiency of the process over 30% under all processing conditions was evaluated. These results are the foundation for the development of cashew apple powder and related products, thereby improving the economy of the cashew industry in Vietnam and the world.
{"title":"Evaluating polyphenol and ascorbic acid contents, tannin removal ability, and physical properties during hydrolysis and convective hot-air drying of cashew apple powder","authors":"Binh An Pham, Thi Yen Nhi Tran, Tung Xuan Tan Nguyen, Tan Phat Dao, Hoang Duy Ngo, Ngoc Duc Vu","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0067","url":null,"abstract":"Cashew apple is a source of by-products in the cashew industry. Powder products provide convenience to the process of use, transport, and preservation of nutrients. In this study, the production of soluble powder from cashew apples was developed through the investigation of hydrolysis process (time, temperature, and enzyme tannase) and convective drying conditions (temperature and maltodextrin content). The following indicators are evaluated, such as the total polyphenol content (TPC), total tannin content, total ascorbic acid, solubility, turbidity, and color. The results have shown that TPC increased by 1.67 times, and more than 50% of tannins was removed after the hydrolysis process. At the same time, the efficiency of the process over 30% under all processing conditions was evaluated. These results are the foundation for the development of cashew apple powder and related products, thereby improving the economy of the cashew industry in Vietnam and the world.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huawei Ji, Pingxuan Lin, Hui Wang, Jiping Chen, Rui Ren, Aorui Li
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans. The Ankang tea plantation area in China is the best place for producing high-quality and Se-enriched organic tea. However, accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil and tea leaves has attracted a lot of attention. Therefore, in this research, the content status of Se and five PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) in soil and tea leaf samples collected from 88 Ankang tea plantations was studied. Results showed that the average Se content was 0.17 mg kg−1 and the Se-enrichment rate was 25% for the 88 tea leaf samples, and As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb contents in all tea leaf samples met the Chinese standard for pollution-free tea except for 11.2% excess Cr in only one sample. Cd concentrations in 56.82% soil samples exceeded the Chinese risk screening value for soil contamination of the agricultural land, and therefore the pollution degree of Cd is high in these soil samples. Moreover, the Hakanson potential ecological risk assessment of soil As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb indicated that the Ankang tea plantation area was at a medium potential ecological risk level. These results will provide theoretical support for ecological risk management and safe production of Se-enriched tea in Ankang Se-enriched tea plantations.
硒（Se）是人体必需的微量元素。中国安康茶园是生产优质富硒有机茶的最佳地点。然而，土壤和茶叶中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的积累已引起人们的广泛关注。因此，本研究对从 88 个安康茶园采集的土壤和茶叶样品中 Se 和五种潜在有毒元素（砷、镉、铬、汞和铅）的含量状况进行了研究。结果表明，88 个茶叶样本中，硒的平均含量为 0.17 毫克/千克-1，硒的富集率为 25%；除一个样本中的铬超标 11.2%外，所有茶叶样本中的砷、镉、铬、汞和铅含量均符合中国无公害茶叶标准。56.82%的土壤样品中镉含量超过了中国农田土壤污染风险筛选值，因此这些土壤样品中镉的污染程度较高。此外，哈康森土壤砷、镉、铬、汞、铅潜在生态风险评估表明，安康茶园区处于中等潜在生态风险水平。这些结果将为安康富硒茶园的生态风险管理和安全生产提供理论支持。
{"title":"Assessment of Se, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb content status in Ankang tea plantations of China","authors":"Huawei Ji, Pingxuan Lin, Hui Wang, Jiping Chen, Rui Ren, Aorui Li","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0054","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans. The Ankang tea plantation area in China is the best place for producing high-quality and Se-enriched organic tea. However, accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil and tea leaves has attracted a lot of attention. Therefore, in this research, the content status of Se and five PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) in soil and tea leaf samples collected from 88 Ankang tea plantations was studied. Results showed that the average Se content was 0.17 mg kg<jats:sup> <jats:underline>−</jats:underline>1</jats:sup> and the Se-enrichment rate was 25% for the 88 tea leaf samples, and As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb contents in all tea leaf samples met the Chinese standard for pollution-free tea except for 11.2% excess Cr in only one sample. Cd concentrations in 56.82% soil samples exceeded the Chinese risk screening value for soil contamination of the agricultural land, and therefore the pollution degree of Cd is high in these soil samples. Moreover, the Hakanson potential ecological risk assessment of soil As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb indicated that the Ankang tea plantation area was at a medium potential ecological risk level. These results will provide theoretical support for ecological risk management and safe production of Se-enriched tea in Ankang Se-enriched tea plantations.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Singh Panwar, Ram Chandra Chaurasia, Bhupendra Singh Ken, Balraj Krishnan Tudu, Vishal Shah, Jigesh Mehta, Abhinav Kumar, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari, Lakshmaiya Natrayan, Ishfaq Ahmed Malik
Concerns about pollution and global warming have grown in recent years. Efficient coal use is critical for reducing the environmental toll of fossil fuel consumption. This study aims to examine how transition metal chlorides affect the burn-off rate and thermal conversion efficiency of bituminous coal with a high ash content. The analytical methods used include proximate, thermo-gravimetric, morphological, and pyrolysis analyses. This research examined the effect of change in the carbonization temperature, carbonization time, and catalyst concentration on the thermal degradation of high-ash bituminous coal impregnated with ZnCl2. At various ratios, zinc chloride solution was adsorbed onto the coal surface. The treated coal was then heated at different temperatures ranging from 510 to 710°C, under atmospheric pressure, in a furnace without air. This process was carried out to enhance the rate of burnout or pyrolysis. The response surface approach reveals that the carbonization time is a crucial input parameter, followed by the carbonization temperature and catalyst concentration. The response surface methodology analysis yielded a coefficient of determination of 0.9734.
{"title":"Effect of transition metal chloride (ZnCl2) on low-temperature pyrolysis of high ash bituminous coal","authors":"Deepak Singh Panwar, Ram Chandra Chaurasia, Bhupendra Singh Ken, Balraj Krishnan Tudu, Vishal Shah, Jigesh Mehta, Abhinav Kumar, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari, Lakshmaiya Natrayan, Ishfaq Ahmed Malik","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Concerns about pollution and global warming have grown in recent years. Efficient coal use is critical for reducing the environmental toll of fossil fuel consumption. This study aims to examine how transition metal chlorides affect the burn-off rate and thermal conversion efficiency of bituminous coal with a high ash content. The analytical methods used include proximate, thermo-gravimetric, morphological, and pyrolysis analyses. This research examined the effect of change in the carbonization temperature, carbonization time, and catalyst concentration on the thermal degradation of high-ash bituminous coal impregnated with ZnCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. At various ratios, zinc chloride solution was adsorbed onto the coal surface. The treated coal was then heated at different temperatures ranging from 510 to 710°C, under atmospheric pressure, in a furnace without air. This process was carried out to enhance the rate of burnout or pyrolysis. The response surface approach reveals that the carbonization time is a crucial input parameter, followed by the carbonization temperature and catalyst concentration. The response surface methodology analysis yielded a coefficient of determination of 0.9734.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meryem Hajji Nabih, Hamza Boulika, Maryam El Hajam, Noureddine Idrissi Kandri, Maryam M. Alomran, Fehmi Boufahja
This study aimed to develop four adsorbents, neat and activated, from the cardoon leaves and stems. The developed adsorbents were first analyzed to determine the surface acid–base properties using Boehm’s method, pH at zero charge point, iodine and methylene blue values, and moisture, ash, and fixed carbon contents. They were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. After that, these adsorbents were applied for adsorption of an organic dye “brilliant green” (BG), and the effect of various parameters on the adsorption efficiency was evaluated. The obtained results revealed the differences between the adsorbents derived from the neat cardoon leaves and stems and their activated carbon in terms of properties and BG adsorption efficiency.
本研究旨在利用牛蒡的叶子和茎开发四种吸附剂，包括纯吸附剂和活性吸附剂。首先对所开发的吸附剂进行了分析，利用玻姆法确定了其表面酸碱特性、零电荷点的 pH 值、碘值和亚甲基蓝值，以及水分、灰分和固定碳含量。此外，还利用扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散 X 射线分析、X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外吸收光谱、热重分析和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱对这些吸附剂进行了表征。然后，将这些吸附剂用于吸附有机染料 "艳绿"（BG），并评估了各种参数对吸附效率的影响。结果表明，从纯净的豆蔻叶和茎中提取的吸附剂与其活性炭在性质和 BG 吸附效率方面存在差异。
{"title":"Development and characterization of new ecological adsorbents based on cardoon wastes: Application to brilliant green adsorption","authors":"Meryem Hajji Nabih, Hamza Boulika, Maryam El Hajam, Noureddine Idrissi Kandri, Maryam M. Alomran, Fehmi Boufahja","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0078","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop four adsorbents, neat and activated, from the cardoon leaves and stems. The developed adsorbents were first analyzed to determine the surface acid–base properties using Boehm’s method, pH at zero charge point, iodine and methylene blue values, and moisture, ash, and fixed carbon contents. They were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. After that, these adsorbents were applied for adsorption of an organic dye “brilliant green” (BG), and the effect of various parameters on the adsorption efficiency was evaluated. The obtained results revealed the differences between the adsorbents derived from the neat cardoon leaves and stems and their activated carbon in terms of properties and BG adsorption efficiency.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norah Alanazi, Nazrul Haq, Ibrahim A. Alsarra, Faiyaz Shakeel
The goal of the proposed work was to create and verify a fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantify chlorhexidine acetate (CHDA) in commercial products. The developed method was validated for numerous validation metrics and greenness. The greener mobile phase was made up of a ternary mixture of ethanol, water, and glacial acetic acid (50:49:1 v/v/v). CHDA was detected at a wavelength of 265 nm. The developed HPLC method showed a coefficient of determination of 0.9981 and was linear in the 1–100 µg/mL range. In addition, the developed method for CHDA analysis was rapid, accurate, precise, robust, and sensitive. The outstanding greenness profile was indicated by the derived values of the Analytical Eco-Scale, ChlorTox, and AGREE scales for the current approach, which are 89, 0.74 g, and 0.77, respectively. With its breakdown products present, the proposed analytical approach was still able to identify CHDA, demonstrating its selectivity- and stability-indicating qualities. Two distinct commercial products, A and B, were found to contain 1.96 and 2.05% w/v of CHDA, respectively. These results revealed that CHDA in commercially accessible products can be routinely standardized and quantified using the proposed HPLC approach.
{"title":"A fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating HPLC method for the standardization and quantitative determination of chlorhexidine acetate in commercial products","authors":"Norah Alanazi, Nazrul Haq, Ibrahim A. Alsarra, Faiyaz Shakeel","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0079","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the proposed work was to create and verify a fast, sensitive, greener, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantify chlorhexidine acetate (CHDA) in commercial products. The developed method was validated for numerous validation metrics and greenness. The greener mobile phase was made up of a ternary mixture of ethanol, water, and glacial acetic acid (50:49:1 v/v/v). CHDA was detected at a wavelength of 265 nm. The developed HPLC method showed a coefficient of determination of 0.9981 and was linear in the 1–100 µg/mL range. In addition, the developed method for CHDA analysis was rapid, accurate, precise, robust, and sensitive. The outstanding greenness profile was indicated by the derived values of the Analytical Eco-Scale, ChlorTox, and AGREE scales for the current approach, which are 89, 0.74 g, and 0.77, respectively. With its breakdown products present, the proposed analytical approach was still able to identify CHDA, demonstrating its selectivity- and stability-indicating qualities. Two distinct commercial products, A and B, were found to contain 1.96 and 2.05% w/v of CHDA, respectively. These results revealed that CHDA in commercially accessible products can be routinely standardized and quantified using the proposed HPLC approach.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, researchers have been utilizing nanotechnology more and more to study diabetic complications, with a particular emphasis on prevention and treatment. In this investigation, we analyzed the effects of Acroptilon repens extract on iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), which demonstrated significant anti-diabetic characteristics both in living organisms and in laboratory settings. To assess the effectiveness of the FeNPs produced through the interaction of iron salt solutions stabilized by A. repens extract, we utilized a range of methodologies. The FeNPs were manufactured in a spherical shape, ranging in size from 10 to 60 nm. During the in vivo experiment, gestational diabetes was induced through streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. The animals were then categorized into four groups: FeNPs-60 μg/kg group, FeNPs-120 μg/kg group, normal pregnancy group, and gestational diabetes mellitus group (n = 10). FeNPs were administered intragastrically for 25 days. On the final day, the levels of ALP, AST, ALT, and blood glucose in the serum samples were assessed. Following tissue processing, 5 μm liver sections were prepared and the overall volume of the hepatic arteries, bile ducts, central vein, portal vein, sinusoids, hepatocytes, and liver, were approximated. FeNPs have the potential to reduce the elevated levels of ALP and AST enzymes. In gestational diabetes rats, the administration of FeNPs lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. The administration of STZ significantly increased the volume of sinusoids and hepatocytes. However, after the treatment with a high dose of FeNPs, there was a notable decrease in their volume. In contrast, the volume of the bile ducts and portal vein remained unchanged in the experimental groups. Nevertheless, the volume of the hepatic arteries and central vein exhibited changes due to the presence of FeNPs. The current study showcases the hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic characteristics of FeNPs, providing a potential option as a supplement to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus while also offering hepatoprotective benefits.
{"title":"Treatment of gestational diabetes by Acroptilon repens leaf aqueous extract green-formulated iron nanoparticles in rats","authors":"Caixia Yang, Zhiying Song","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0073","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, researchers have been utilizing nanotechnology more and more to study diabetic complications, with a particular emphasis on prevention and treatment. In this investigation, we analyzed the effects of <jats:italic>Acroptilon repens</jats:italic> extract on iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), which demonstrated significant anti-diabetic characteristics both in living organisms and in laboratory settings. To assess the effectiveness of the FeNPs produced through the interaction of iron salt solutions stabilized by <jats:italic>A. repens</jats:italic> extract, we utilized a range of methodologies. The FeNPs were manufactured in a spherical shape, ranging in size from 10 to 60 nm. During the <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> experiment, gestational diabetes was induced through streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. The animals were then categorized into four groups: FeNPs-60 μg/kg group, FeNPs-120 μg/kg group, normal pregnancy group, and gestational diabetes mellitus group (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 10). FeNPs were administered intragastrically for 25 days. On the final day, the levels of ALP, AST, ALT, and blood glucose in the serum samples were assessed. Following tissue processing, 5 μm liver sections were prepared and the overall volume of the hepatic arteries, bile ducts, central vein, portal vein, sinusoids, hepatocytes, and liver, were approximated. FeNPs have the potential to reduce the elevated levels of ALP and AST enzymes. In gestational diabetes rats, the administration of FeNPs lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. The administration of STZ significantly increased the volume of sinusoids and hepatocytes. However, after the treatment with a high dose of FeNPs, there was a notable decrease in their volume. In contrast, the volume of the bile ducts and portal vein remained unchanged in the experimental groups. Nevertheless, the volume of the hepatic arteries and central vein exhibited changes due to the presence of FeNPs. The current study showcases the hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic characteristics of FeNPs, providing a potential option as a supplement to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus while also offering hepatoprotective benefits.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia En Toh, Choy Sin Lee, Wei Huei Lim, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika, Bing Wei Chua
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted chemical and material research interests in recent years due to their incredibly prominent properties and unique structures. Although MOFs have many unique characteristics, including tunable pore structures and functionality, their application performances are hindered by their powdered crystalline state, intrinsic fragility, poor processability, and stability. Recent studies have shown that the incorporation of MOFs into hydrogel outperforms the MOFs in their crystalline state. This article presents the current development of stimulus-responsive MOF–hydrogel composites in terms of synthesis of MOF and preparation of MOF–hydrogel, characterization, and advancement of stimulus-responsive MOF–hydrogel composite in drug delivery and wound management. The article also discusses prospective study directions, delineating potential avenues for further exploration and innovation in this dynamic field.
{"title":"Stimulus-responsive MOF–hydrogel composites: Classification, preparation, characterization, and their advancement in medical treatments","authors":"Jia En Toh, Choy Sin Lee, Wei Huei Lim, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika, Bing Wei Chua","doi":"10.1515/chem-2024-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2024-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted chemical and material research interests in recent years due to their incredibly prominent properties and unique structures. Although MOFs have many unique characteristics, including tunable pore structures and functionality, their application performances are hindered by their powdered crystalline state, intrinsic fragility, poor processability, and stability. Recent studies have shown that the incorporation of MOFs into hydrogel outperforms the MOFs in their crystalline state. This article presents the current development of stimulus-responsive MOF–hydrogel composites in terms of synthesis of MOF and preparation of MOF–hydrogel, characterization, and advancement of stimulus-responsive MOF–hydrogel composite in drug delivery and wound management. The article also discusses prospective study directions, delineating potential avenues for further exploration and innovation in this dynamic field.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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