Ike Susanti, Anastasya Leatemia Triadenda, Niky Murdaya, Driyanti Rahayu, Rimadani Pratiwi, Yudi Rosandi, Aliya Nur Hasanah
Kaempferia galanga L. extract contains ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and ethyl cinnamate (EC), which have several pharmacological activities. EPMC and EC have been successfully isolated, but the %yield was low. Therefore, developing an isolation method to increase the %yield result of EPMC and EC is essential. The molecularly imprinted polymers have been applied to separate lot of active compounds from natural products with excellent results. MIP synthesis is usually performed using a single template with high selectivity for the target analyte but only detect single chemical compounds. Hence, this study synthesized multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (MT-MIPs) for isolating EPMC and EC simultaneously using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or trimethyl propane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as a crosslinker. The study results indicate that MT-MIP produced with TRIM is more effective in separating EPMC and EC simultaneously in K. galanga L. extracts. However, the yields of EPMC and EC were still low. The yields of EPMC and EC in n-hexane extracts were 1.557 and 1.929%, with purity of 66.330 and 61.510%, respectively. Further research is necessary to determine the ideal functional monomer and its ratio to template molecules to obtain the excellent selectivity of the MT-MIPs used for simultaneously isolating EPMC and EC.
{"title":"Synthesis of multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (MT-MIPs) for isolating ethyl para-methoxycinnamate and ethyl cinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L., extract with methacrylic acid as functional monomer","authors":"Ike Susanti, Anastasya Leatemia Triadenda, Niky Murdaya, Driyanti Rahayu, Rimadani Pratiwi, Yudi Rosandi, Aliya Nur Hasanah","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0202","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Kaempferia galanga</jats:italic> L. extract contains ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and ethyl cinnamate (EC), which have several pharmacological activities. EPMC and EC have been successfully isolated, but the %yield was low. Therefore, developing an isolation method to increase the %yield result of EPMC and EC is essential. The molecularly imprinted polymers have been applied to separate lot of active compounds from natural products with excellent results. MIP synthesis is usually performed using a single template with high selectivity for the target analyte but only detect single chemical compounds. Hence, this study synthesized multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (MT-MIPs) for isolating EPMC and EC simultaneously using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or trimethyl propane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as a crosslinker. The study results indicate that MT-MIP produced with TRIM is more effective in separating EPMC and EC simultaneously in <jats:italic>K. galanga</jats:italic> L. extracts. However, the yields of EPMC and EC were still low. The yields of EPMC and EC in <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>-hexane extracts were 1.557 and 1.929%, with purity of 66.330 and 61.510%, respectively. Further research is necessary to determine the ideal functional monomer and its ratio to template molecules to obtain the excellent selectivity of the MT-MIPs used for simultaneously isolating EPMC and EC.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kara Mohammed, Hamza Saghrouchni, Youness El Abdali, Assouguem Amine, Nouha Haoudi, Mohamed El fadili, Aya Amar, Tareq Hamijo, Isil Var, Riaz Ullah, Zerhouni Abdou Rachid, Bahhou Jamila
The apple is an important part of the human diet and is one of the most popular fruits in Morocco, with varieties that are now suitable for human consumption. This study aims to clarify several aspects of apples, such as their physical and chemical compositions and nutrient profiles. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and anthocyanins were determined using spectrophotometer and organic acid compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. The results show a significant difference between the several varieties under study in terms of their physico-chemical and phyto-chemical characteristics. In general, the studied apples are juiciness, with a percentage ranging from 60 to 71%. The pH values demonstrate how acidic the apples are. The Brix parameter denotes values greater than 13°Brix. Total polyphenols and condensed tannins (1154.65 ± 13.54 µg EAG/g and 514.09 ± 32.40 µg EAT/g, respectively) are more present in the Ahjjani variety than they are in other varieties. This demonstrates their good nutritional quality while not being consumable. However, the Story variety has a predominance of flavonoids (75.074 ± 2.309 µg QE/g) and flavones (45.074 ± 2.09 µg QE/g). The detection of organic acids has shown that the acid succinic is the most abundant in all the varieties of studied apple fruits. These results allow us to infer that non-consumable varieties are also important dietary sources of bioactive molecules, notably for polyphenols. The fact that these kinds can be used to produce other byproducts is therefore highly intriguing.
{"title":"Phytochemical and physicochemical studies of different apple varieties grown in Morocco","authors":"Kara Mohammed, Hamza Saghrouchni, Youness El Abdali, Assouguem Amine, Nouha Haoudi, Mohamed El fadili, Aya Amar, Tareq Hamijo, Isil Var, Riaz Ullah, Zerhouni Abdou Rachid, Bahhou Jamila","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0205","url":null,"abstract":"The apple is an important part of the human diet and is one of the most popular fruits in Morocco, with varieties that are now suitable for human consumption. This study aims to clarify several aspects of apples, such as their physical and chemical compositions and nutrient profiles. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and anthocyanins were determined using spectrophotometer and organic acid compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. The results show a significant difference between the several varieties under study in terms of their physico-chemical and phyto-chemical characteristics. In general, the studied apples are juiciness, with a percentage ranging from 60 to 71%. The pH values demonstrate how acidic the apples are. The Brix parameter denotes values greater than 13°Brix. Total polyphenols and condensed tannins (1154.65 ± 13.54 µg EAG/g and 514.09 ± 32.40 µg EAT/g, respectively) are more present in the Ahjjani variety than they are in other varieties. This demonstrates their good nutritional quality while not being consumable. However, the Story variety has a predominance of flavonoids (75.074 ± 2.309 µg QE/g) and flavones (45.074 ± 2.09 µg QE/g). The detection of organic acids has shown that the acid succinic is the most abundant in all the varieties of studied apple fruits. These results allow us to infer that non-consumable varieties are also important dietary sources of bioactive molecules, notably for polyphenols. The fact that these kinds can be used to produce other byproducts is therefore highly intriguing.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Li, Hongjiang Ren, Jiangtao Li, Liuchang Wang
Here we reported two new triazole-based coordination polymers (CPs), i.e., [Zn(Hdatrz)(μ2-O)]n (1) together with [Mn(Hdatrz)(C2O4)]n·n(H2O) (2) (Hdatrz = 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole), which were generated under solvothermal conditions. The influence of different metal ions on the structure and properties of CPs was investigated. The CPs’ whole structures have been completely characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. It is noteworthy that, upon excitation at 390 nm, ligands of compounds 1 and 2, as well as the metal complexes, all exhibit luminescence at 432 nm.
{"title":"Two triazole-based coordination polymers: Synthesis and crystal structure characterization","authors":"Jing Li, Hongjiang Ren, Jiangtao Li, Liuchang Wang","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0211","url":null,"abstract":"Here we reported two new triazole-based coordination polymers (CPs), i.e., [Zn(Hdatrz)(<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> <jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-O)]<jats:sub> <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> </jats:sub> (1) together with [Mn(Hdatrz)(C<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>)]<jats:sub> <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> </jats:sub>·<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>(H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) (2) (Hdatrz = 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole), which were generated under solvothermal conditions. The influence of different metal ions on the structure and properties of CPs was investigated. The CPs’ whole structures have been completely characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. It is noteworthy that, upon excitation at 390 nm, ligands of compounds 1 and 2, as well as the metal complexes, all exhibit luminescence at 432 nm.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140002149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Habib, Hina Fatima, Tauseef Anwar, Huma Qureshi, Samson O. Aisida, Ishaq Ahmad, Iftikhar Ali, Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed, Mohamed S. Elshikh, Sarah Abdul Razak, Asif Kamal
Nanomaterials have become integral in various aspects of agricultural practices, including the development of nano-fertilizers for optimized crop nutrition. This study explores the application of green-synthesized iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo) nanoparticles, as well as their composites, using a guava leaf extract (GLE). The focus is on assessing their impact on nitrogen fixation and growth in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The nanoparticles were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Diffused Reflectance Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The experiment involved two application methods (soil and direct plant spraying) with varying nanoparticle concentrations. Results indicate that the 1% composite nanoparticles applied to the soil and 3% Mo directly on plants yield the most favorable growth and nitrogen uptake in S. lycopersicum. Notably, the 1% composite treatment demonstrated significant enhancement in shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter at all three growth stages. Conversely, the 3% Mo treatment when applied directly to plants exhibited optimal results showing substantial shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter. Post-experimental soil nutrient analysis further revealed the nuanced effects of nanoparticle applications with 1% composite treatments enhancing nutrient availability compared to control and other concentrations. This research contributes to the evolving field of agri-nanotechnology emphasizing the importance of nanoparticle concentration and application method in influencing plant development and nutrient uptake, paving the way for sustainable agricultural practices.
纳米材料已成为农业实践中不可或缺的各个方面，包括开发优化作物营养的纳米肥料。本研究利用番石榴叶提取物（GLE）探索了绿色合成的铁（Fe）和钼（Mo）纳米粒子及其复合材料的应用。重点是评估它们对番茄植物（Solanum lycopersicum）固氮和生长的影响。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、紫外漫反射光谱、拉曼光谱和 X 射线衍射分析对纳米颗粒进行了表征。实验包括两种施用方法（土壤施用和植物直接喷洒），纳米粒子的浓度各不相同。结果表明，在土壤中施用 1%的复合纳米粒子和在植物上直接施用 3% 的钼元素最有利于番茄的生长和氮吸收。值得注意的是，1% 的复合处理在所有三个生长阶段都能显著提高芽长、分枝数和芽直径。相反，3% Mo 处理直接施用到植株上时，效果最佳，表现出显著的芽长、分枝数和芽直径。实验后的土壤养分分析进一步揭示了纳米颗粒应用的细微影响，与对照和其他浓度相比，1% 的复合处理提高了养分的可用性。这项研究为不断发展的农业纳米技术领域做出了贡献，强调了纳米粒子浓度和应用方法在影响植物生长和养分吸收方面的重要性，为可持续农业实践铺平了道路。
{"title":"Green synthesis, characterization, and application of iron and molybdenum nanoparticles and their composites for enhancing the growth of Solanum lycopersicum","authors":"Maria Habib, Hina Fatima, Tauseef Anwar, Huma Qureshi, Samson O. Aisida, Ishaq Ahmad, Iftikhar Ali, Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed, Mohamed S. Elshikh, Sarah Abdul Razak, Asif Kamal","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0196","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials have become integral in various aspects of agricultural practices, including the development of nano-fertilizers for optimized crop nutrition. This study explores the application of green-synthesized iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo) nanoparticles, as well as their composites, using a guava leaf extract (GLE). The focus is on assessing their impact on nitrogen fixation and growth in tomato plants (<jats:italic>Solanum lycopersicum</jats:italic>). The nanoparticles were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Diffused Reflectance Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The experiment involved two application methods (soil and direct plant spraying) with varying nanoparticle concentrations. Results indicate that the 1% composite nanoparticles applied to the soil and 3% Mo directly on plants yield the most favorable growth and nitrogen uptake in <jats:italic>S. lycopersicum</jats:italic>. Notably, the 1% composite treatment demonstrated significant enhancement in shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter at all three growth stages. Conversely, the 3% Mo treatment when applied directly to plants exhibited optimal results showing substantial shoot length, number of branches, and shoot diameter. Post-experimental soil nutrient analysis further revealed the nuanced effects of nanoparticle applications with 1% composite treatments enhancing nutrient availability compared to control and other concentrations. This research contributes to the evolving field of agri-nanotechnology emphasizing the importance of nanoparticle concentration and application method in influencing plant development and nutrient uptake, paving the way for sustainable agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139977683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faiza EL Hajli, Mohamed Reda Kachmar, Amine Assouguem, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Khalil Hammani, Said Chakir, Rachid Lahlali, Essaïd Ait Barka, Ghizlane Echchgadda
Artemisia herba-alba Asso is an endemic plant from North-East Morocco offering a diverse range of pharmacological, cosmetic, and agro-ecological uses. However, Artemisia herba-alba has not been well exploited in the field of plant protection (post-harvest diseases). This is why the main objective of the present study is to evaluate the antifungal and antioxidant activities of extracts or the essential oil of this plant. Antifungal activity was assessed against Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, and Penicillium digitatum using the agar dilution method for the aqueous extracts and fumigation for the essential oil. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH scavenging test and the FRAP ferric ion reduction capacity. The chemical composition of the extracts was determined by HPLC and that of the essential oil by GC-MS/MS. In addition, the polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin content was determined using colorimetric methods. The results of this study showed that the total content of polyphenols (217.60 mg GAE/g E), flavonoids (43.59 mg QE/g E), and tannins (32.58 mg GAE/g E) was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the ethanolic extract than in the aqueous and hexanoic extracts. Moreover, the HPLC analysis of the aqueous extract revealed the presence of six compounds, namely, catechin, gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin. In addition, the ethanolic extract was found to contain seven phenolic compounds. On the one hand, 35 compounds were identified in the essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba, representing 99.7% of the total. According to this study, the dominant compounds in the essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba Asso are camphor (46.57%), endo-borneol (5.65%), eucalyptol (5.64%), and thymol (3.85%). Furthermore, the biological evaluation showed that the extracts and essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba have significant antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The findings show that Artemisia herba-alba is a plant that can be used as a source of antifungal chemicals to prevent putrefaction of foodstuffs and, more specifically, postharvest diseases.
{"title":"Phytochemical analysis, in vitro antioxidant and antifungal activities of extracts and essential oil derived from Artemisia herba-alba Asso","authors":"Faiza EL Hajli, Mohamed Reda Kachmar, Amine Assouguem, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Khalil Hammani, Said Chakir, Rachid Lahlali, Essaïd Ait Barka, Ghizlane Echchgadda","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0200","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> Asso is an endemic plant from North-East Morocco offering a diverse range of pharmacological, cosmetic, and agro-ecological uses. However, <jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> has not been well exploited in the field of plant protection (post-harvest diseases). This is why the main objective of the present study is to evaluate the antifungal and antioxidant activities of extracts or the essential oil of this plant. Antifungal activity was assessed against <jats:italic>Botrytis cinerea</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Penicillium expansum,</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Penicillium digitatum</jats:italic> using the agar dilution method for the aqueous extracts and fumigation for the essential oil. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH scavenging test and the FRAP ferric ion reduction capacity. The chemical composition of the extracts was determined by HPLC and that of the essential oil by GC-MS/MS. In addition, the polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin content was determined using colorimetric methods. The results of this study showed that the total content of polyphenols (217.60 mg GAE/g E), flavonoids (43.59 mg QE/g E), and tannins (32.58 mg GAE/g E) was significantly higher (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.05) in the ethanolic extract than in the aqueous and hexanoic extracts. Moreover, the HPLC analysis of the aqueous extract revealed the presence of six compounds, namely, catechin, gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin. In addition, the ethanolic extract was found to contain seven phenolic compounds. On the one hand, 35 compounds were identified in the essential oil of <jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic>, representing 99.7% of the total. According to this study, the dominant compounds in the essential oil of <jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> Asso are camphor (46.57%), endo-borneol (5.65%), eucalyptol (5.64%), and thymol (3.85%). Furthermore, the biological evaluation showed that the extracts and essential oil of <jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> have significant antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The findings show that <jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> is a plant that can be used as a source of antifungal chemicals to prevent putrefaction of foodstuffs and, more specifically, postharvest diseases.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noureddine Tamma, Naima Benchikha, Mohammed Messaoudi, Gianluca Caruso, Talha Bin Emran, Ayomide Victor Atoki, Adekunle Ismahil Adeniyi
The Lamiaceae family contains bioactive medicinal compounds mostly used as ornamental plants and traditional medicine, as well as in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors. Common uses include treating high cholesterol, diabetes, respiratory diseases, heart disease, and food poisoning. These medicinal uses were linked to their components and numerous biological properties, including antimicrobial and antioxidants. The goal of this study was to investigate the phytochemicals and biological activities of the petroleum ether extract of Thymus capitatus plant from two different regions of eastern Algeria (Souk ahras and Guelma), as well as to extract volatile oils using a Clevenger device and then analyze by using GC-MS. The results revealed that the total amount of phenolic compounds was better in the phenolic extract of Souk Ahras (3.41 mg GAE g−1), while the amount of flavonoid compounds was higher in the region of Guelma (26.31 mg QE g−1). Following the quantification of phenolic compounds by HPLC, we observed that the phenolic extracts contained most of the standard compounds in variable proportions. Furthermore, we tested the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds electrochemically with the cyclic voltammetry method. We concluded that the highest antioxidant content was recorded in the Guelma region extract (3.17 mg GAE g−1). We have also evaluated the antioxidant activity by a chemical method using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and the results showed that the Guelma extract exhibited a high effectiveness in terms of IC50% values. When extracting the volatile oils, it was found that the highest yield was in the Guelma region
{"title":"Chemical composition and biological properties of Thymus capitatus plants from Algerian high plains: A comparative and analytical study","authors":"Noureddine Tamma, Naima Benchikha, Mohammed Messaoudi, Gianluca Caruso, Talha Bin Emran, Ayomide Victor Atoki, Adekunle Ismahil Adeniyi","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0192","url":null,"abstract":"The <jats:italic>Lamiaceae</jats:italic> family contains bioactive medicinal compounds mostly used as ornamental plants and traditional medicine, as well as in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors. Common uses include treating high cholesterol, diabetes, respiratory diseases, heart disease, and food poisoning. These medicinal uses were linked to their components and numerous biological properties, including antimicrobial and antioxidants. The goal of this study was to investigate the phytochemicals and biological activities of the petroleum ether extract of <jats:italic>Thymus capitatus</jats:italic> plant from two different regions of eastern Algeria (Souk ahras and Guelma), as well as to extract volatile oils using a Clevenger device and then analyze by using GC-MS. The results revealed that the total amount of phenolic compounds was better in the phenolic extract of Souk Ahras (3.41 mg GAE g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), while the amount of flavonoid compounds was higher in the region of Guelma (26.31 mg QE g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). Following the quantification of phenolic compounds by HPLC, we observed that the phenolic extracts contained most of the standard compounds in variable proportions. Furthermore, we tested the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds electrochemically with the cyclic voltammetry method. We concluded that the highest antioxidant content was recorded in the Guelma region extract (3.17 mg GAE g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). We have also evaluated the antioxidant activity by a chemical method using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and the results showed that the Guelma extract exhibited a high effectiveness in terms of IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub>% values. When extracting the volatile oils, it was found that the highest yield was in the Guelma region","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sher Wali Khan, Saira Nayab, Muhammad Naveed Umar, Momin Khan, Anila Iqbal, Nasir Ahmad, Haroon ur Rashid, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah, Naila Gulfam, Muhammad Zahoor, Riaz Ullah, Essam A. Ali
In the present work, several new glycoconjugates (8a–e) were generated from glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates (sugar-OTCA) as glycosyl donors and dimethyl-l-tartrate as an aglycone acceptor in good to excellent yields. In the synthetic protocol, various monosaccharides were transformed into pentaacetylated derivatives and then into glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates. Afterward, the sugar-OTCA was reacted with dimethyl-l-tartrate using Schmidt’s trichloroacetimidate protocol to give the desired products. The newly synthesized glycoconjugates were characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic analytical methods. All the target compounds (8a–e) were tested in vitro against various strains of bacteria and fungi at different concentrations. The results revealed that the target compounds had encouraging antibacterial and antifungal potential. The antileishmanial activity of the target compounds against Leishmania tropica promastigotes was also investigated. The in vitro results were further supported by the in silico docking study that indicated minimum values of the docking scores and binding energies for the resulting complexes obtained by the favorable interactions between the target compounds (8a–e) and the selected strains of bacteria and fungi. The docking results proposed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities of the target compounds (8a–e) against the selected bacterial and fungal species.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, in silico and in vitro studies of novel glycoconjugates as potential antibacterial, antifungal, and antileishmanial agents","authors":"Sher Wali Khan, Saira Nayab, Muhammad Naveed Umar, Momin Khan, Anila Iqbal, Nasir Ahmad, Haroon ur Rashid, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah, Naila Gulfam, Muhammad Zahoor, Riaz Ullah, Essam A. Ali","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0195","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, several new glycoconjugates (8a–e) were generated from glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates (sugar-OTCA) as glycosyl donors and dimethyl-<jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-tartrate as an aglycone acceptor in good to excellent yields. In the synthetic protocol, various monosaccharides were transformed into pentaacetylated derivatives and then into glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates. Afterward, the sugar-OTCA was reacted with dimethyl-<jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-tartrate using Schmidt’s trichloroacetimidate protocol to give the desired products. The newly synthesized glycoconjugates were characterized by FT-IR, <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H, and <jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C-NMR spectroscopic analytical methods. All the target compounds (8a–e) were tested <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> against various strains of bacteria and fungi at different concentrations. The results revealed that the target compounds had encouraging antibacterial and antifungal potential. The antileishmanial activity of the target compounds against Leishmania tropica promastigotes was also investigated. The <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> results were further supported by the <jats:italic>in silico</jats:italic> docking study that indicated minimum values of the docking scores and binding energies for the resulting complexes obtained by the favorable interactions between the target compounds (8a–e) and the selected strains of bacteria and fungi. The docking results proposed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities of the target compounds (8a–e) against the selected bacterial and fungal species.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139752296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingwei Liu, Xiaolei Xue, Bikash Karmakar, Waleed Eltantawy, Attalla F. El-kott, Emam M. El. Nashar, Eman M. Abd-Ella
Economically viable and eco-friendly potato starch (PS) was employed to synthesize Au NPs under ultrasound irradiation. PS phytochemicals have the function of a green reductant as well as an efficient stabilizer template to cap and synthesize gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were applied to investigate the structure of the synthesized PS-Au NPs nanocomposite. FESEM results showed that the obtained Au NPs were spherical and ∼30 nm in diameter; their crystalline nature was detected by XRD and TEM data. PS-Au NP nanocomposite shows high antioxidant effects against DPPH. The colorimetric MTT investigation was followed in the determination of anti-esophageal cancer properties of the PS-Au NP nanocomposite against KYSE-30 and FLO-1 cell lines. The findings indicate that in 3 days, the cancer cell survival percentage in various dilations reduced as much as the PS-Au NP nanocomposite concentration increased. The best anti-cancer effect of the PS-Au NP nanocomposite was reported at 1,000 μg/mL dilation. Through MTT cytotoxicity analysis the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of PS-Au nanocomposite or IC50 values against the KYSE-30 and FLO-1 esophageal carcinoma cells were found as 125 and 176 μg/mL, respectively. The data indicated that these PS-Au NP nanocomposites inhibited esophageal cancer cells more strongly than normal cells.
{"title":"Sonochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles mediated by potato starch: Its performance in the treatment of esophageal cancer","authors":"Mingwei Liu, Xiaolei Xue, Bikash Karmakar, Waleed Eltantawy, Attalla F. El-kott, Emam M. El. Nashar, Eman M. Abd-Ella","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0193","url":null,"abstract":"Economically viable and eco-friendly potato starch (PS) was employed to synthesize Au NPs under ultrasound irradiation. PS phytochemicals have the function of a green reductant as well as an efficient stabilizer template to cap and synthesize gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were applied to investigate the structure of the synthesized PS-Au NPs nanocomposite. FESEM results showed that the obtained Au NPs were spherical and ∼30 nm in diameter; their crystalline nature was detected by XRD and TEM data. PS-Au NP nanocomposite shows high antioxidant effects against DPPH. The colorimetric MTT investigation was followed in the determination of anti-esophageal cancer properties of the PS-Au NP nanocomposite against KYSE-30 and FLO-1 cell lines. The findings indicate that in 3 days, the cancer cell survival percentage in various dilations reduced as much as the PS-Au NP nanocomposite concentration increased. The best anti-cancer effect of the PS-Au NP nanocomposite was reported at 1,000 μg/mL dilation. Through MTT cytotoxicity analysis the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of PS-Au nanocomposite or IC50 values against the KYSE-30 and FLO-1 esophageal carcinoma cells were found as 125 and 176 μg/mL, respectively. The data indicated that these PS-Au NP nanocomposites inhibited esophageal cancer cells more strongly than normal cells.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139752247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed S. Hodhod, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Bandar M. AlMunqedhi, Abdalla Elzein, Abdelmalik M. Abdelmalik
The green synthesis pathway for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) used in bacterial treatment is regarded as crucial because of its cost-effectiveness, nontoxicity, and eco-friendliness. During the present work, the mangliculous marine fungi Amarenographium solium isolated from the Arabian Gulf Coast of Saudi Arabia were utilized for the synthesis of AgNP, through the bio-reduction of aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. The success in AgNP synthesis was visually identified by the development of dark brown color in the cell-free filtrate and was further confirmed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, which showed a peak at 425 nm. The AgNPs produced were further characterized using X-ray diffraction data analysis that proved the bioreduction of silver to 20 nm, and transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of well-dispersed spherical nanoparticles with an average mean size of 12 nm. The optimization reaction parameters of temperature, pH, and metal salt concentration were carried out and resulted in a combination of 30°C, 7 and 1.5 mM, respectively, for rapid and maximum yield production. The antibacterial activity of the produced nanoparticles was evaluated using the two-fold microdilution method and showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 9.375 μg/mL of AgNP against multiple drug-resistant bacterial strains.
{"title":"Exploitation of mangliculous marine fungi, Amarenographium solium, for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against multiple drug-resistant bacteria","authors":"Mohamed S. Hodhod, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Bandar M. AlMunqedhi, Abdalla Elzein, Abdelmalik M. Abdelmalik","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0184","url":null,"abstract":"The green synthesis pathway for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) used in bacterial treatment is regarded as crucial because of its cost-effectiveness, nontoxicity, and eco-friendliness. During the present work, the mangliculous marine fungi <jats:italic>Amarenographium solium</jats:italic> isolated from the Arabian Gulf Coast of Saudi Arabia were utilized for the synthesis of AgNP, through the bio-reduction of aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) solution. The success in AgNP synthesis was visually identified by the development of dark brown color in the cell-free filtrate and was further confirmed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, which showed a peak at 425 nm. The AgNPs produced were further characterized using X-ray diffraction data analysis that proved the bioreduction of silver to 20 nm, and transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of well-dispersed spherical nanoparticles with an average mean size of 12 nm. The optimization reaction parameters of temperature, pH, and metal salt concentration were carried out and resulted in a combination of 30°C, 7 and 1.5 mM, respectively, for rapid and maximum yield production. The antibacterial activity of the produced nanoparticles was evaluated using the two-fold microdilution method and showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 9.375 μg/mL of AgNP against multiple drug-resistant bacterial strains.","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139752240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soufiane Drioua, Otman El-Guourrami, Amine Assouguem, Mouna Ameggouz, Mohammed Kara, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Ahmed Zahidi, Azra Skender, Hanane Benzeid, Anass Doukkali
Chenopodium ambrosioides, a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, is renowned for its toxic properties. Despite its toxicity, it has been traditionally utilized in various communities, particularly in pediatric contexts, for its vermifuge, antispasmodic, and antipyretic attributes. This study aims to unravel the phytochemical composition present in organic fractions and aqueous extracts obtained from the aerial components of C. ambrosioides. Furthermore, our objective is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these extracts and fractions, coupled with a comprehensive examination of their toxicological effects. Polyphenols were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids via the aluminum trichloride reagent AlCl3, and tannins using the vanillin method. Identification of bioactive compounds within the plant specimen was accomplished through GC-MS spectrophotometric analysis. The assessment of antioxidant activity employed DPPH, ferric (Fe3+) ion antioxidant reducing power (FRAP), ABTS, and TAC methods, with quercetin, catechin, and ascorbic acid serving as standards. Dermoprotective activity was studied using the ultraviolet absorption test. The GC-MS analysis conducted on the aqueous extracts (EAI and EAM) and assorted fractions (FCH, FE, FB, and FA) revealed the presence of diverse chemical families encompassing alcohols, acids, terpenes, steroids, and phenolic compounds. The components identified in the investigated samples, including trans-ascaridol glycol, palmitic acid, phenol, octadecadienoic acid, isoascaridol, eicosanoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol, mexiletine, and thymol, are postulated as potential contributors to the observed antioxidant activity inherent in the plant extracts and fractions. Our findings highlight the remarkable antioxidant potential of Chenopodium ambrosioides, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest activity (IC50 = 0.54 mg/ml) in the DPPH test. In the FRAP and ABTS tests, the n-butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions demonstrated superior activity (IC50 = 4.43 mg/ml, 12.9 mg/ml and IC50 = 1.6 mg/ml, 4.54 mg/ml, respectively). Conversely, the TAC test revealed that the macerated aqueous extract displayed the highest activity (316.33 mg Eq AG/g), followed closely by the n-butanolic fraction (250.67 mg Eq AG/g). These outcomes can be attributed to the abundant presence of phenolic compounds in the n-butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions, as well as the macerated aqueous extract, playing a pivotal role in the observed antioxidant activity. Additionally, our investigation of the dermoprotective activity demonstrated robust efficacy in the ethyl acetate fraction (FE) and the n-bu
{"title":"Phytochemical study, antioxidant activity, and dermoprotective activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.)","authors":"Soufiane Drioua, Otman El-Guourrami, Amine Assouguem, Mouna Ameggouz, Mohammed Kara, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Ahmed Zahidi, Azra Skender, Hanane Benzeid, Anass Doukkali","doi":"10.1515/chem-2023-0194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2023-0194","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Chenopodium ambrosioides</jats:italic>, a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, is renowned for its toxic properties. Despite its toxicity, it has been traditionally utilized in various communities, particularly in pediatric contexts, for its vermifuge, antispasmodic, and antipyretic attributes. This study aims to unravel the phytochemical composition present in organic fractions and aqueous extracts obtained from the aerial components of <jats:italic>C. ambrosioides</jats:italic>. Furthermore, our objective is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these extracts and fractions, coupled with a comprehensive examination of their toxicological effects. Polyphenols were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoids via the aluminum trichloride reagent AlCl<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, and tannins using the vanillin method. Identification of bioactive compounds within the plant specimen was accomplished through GC-MS spectrophotometric analysis. The assessment of antioxidant activity employed DPPH, ferric (Fe<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>) ion antioxidant reducing power (FRAP), ABTS, and TAC methods, with quercetin, catechin, and ascorbic acid serving as standards. Dermoprotective activity was studied using the ultraviolet absorption test. The GC-MS analysis conducted on the aqueous extracts (EAI and EAM) and assorted fractions (FCH, FE, FB, and FA) revealed the presence of diverse chemical families encompassing alcohols, acids, terpenes, steroids, and phenolic compounds. The components identified in the investigated samples, including <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-ascaridol glycol, palmitic acid, phenol, octadecadienoic acid, isoascaridol, eicosanoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol, mexiletine, and thymol, are postulated as potential contributors to the observed antioxidant activity inherent in the plant extracts and fractions. Our findings highlight the remarkable antioxidant potential of <jats:italic>Chenopodium ambrosioides</jats:italic>, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest activity (IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> = 0.54 mg/ml) in the DPPH test. In the FRAP and ABTS tests, the <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>-butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions demonstrated superior activity (IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> = 4.43 mg/ml, 12.9 mg/ml and IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> = 1.6 mg/ml, 4.54 mg/ml, respectively). Conversely, the TAC test revealed that the macerated aqueous extract displayed the highest activity (316.33 mg Eq AG/g), followed closely by the <jats:italic>n-</jats:italic>butanolic fraction (250.67 mg Eq AG/g). These outcomes can be attributed to the abundant presence of phenolic compounds in the <jats:italic>n-</jats:italic>butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions, as well as the macerated aqueous extract, playing a pivotal role in the observed antioxidant activity. Additionally, our investigation of the dermoprotective activity demonstrated robust efficacy in the ethyl acetate fraction (FE) and the <jats:italic>n-</jats:italic>bu","PeriodicalId":19520,"journal":{"name":"Open Chemistry","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139678727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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