Oncology nursing forum最新文献

Each abstract has been indexed according to first author. Abstracts appear as they were submitted and have not undergone editing or the Oncology Nursing Forum's review process. Only abstracts that will be presented appear h.

Each abstract has been indexed according to first author. Abstracts appear as they were submitted and have not undergone editing or the Oncology Nursing Forum's review process. Only abstracts that will be presented appear h.

Objectives: To determine distinct profiles based on symptom severity in patients undergoing surgery for oral cancer and examine whether these profiles differ by participant characteristics.

Sample & setting: 300 patients who underwent surgery for oral cancer at two outpatient clinics between June and December 2021.

Methods & variables: Symptoms were assessed using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck Cancer Module. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Latent profile analysis was performed.

Results: Five distinct dysphagia profiles were identified, which qualitatively differed regarding co-occurrence patterns of dysphagia, mucus-related symptoms, speech disturbances, and psychoneurologic symptoms. Significant differences were reported in interference to function, number of co-occurring symptoms, time since diagnosis and treatment completion, use of symptom management medications, oral cancer stage and site, and treatment completed.

Implications for nursing: Identifying distinct dysphagia profiles can improve patient outcomes and help in planning specific nursing interventions to influence nutritional and functional status in oral cancer survivors. Dysphagia and dry mouth can persist beyond one year post-treatment, so follow-up dysphagia assessments are needed.

Problem identification: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is common and is associated with cancer and its treatments. Evidence suggests that the causes are multifactorial, but the field is lacking a comprehensive conceptual model of CRCI to summarize existing knowledge and provide a way to understand and predict causal links, as well as to generate hypotheses.

Literature search: PubMed® and Google Scholar™ were searched, and 130 articles demonstrated several lacking factors needed for a more comprehensive CRCI model.

Data evaluation: The new multifactorial model of CRCI includes social determinants of health, patient-specific factors, co-occurring symptoms, treatment factors, and biologic mechanisms.

Synthesis: The multifactorial model of CRCI is based on established and emerging evidence. This model is inclusive of all cancer types and associated treatments.

Implications for nursing: Although it would be ideal to evaluate all the concepts and components in this model in a comprehensive fashion, investigators with existing datasets could evaluate portions of the model to determine directionality for some of the proposed relationships. The new model can be used to design preclinical and clinical studies of CRCI. Knowledge of the occurrence of CRCI and factors that contribute to this symptom will allow nurses to perform assessments of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors.

Objectives: To determine the occurrence rate of palpitations in women prior to breast cancer surgery and evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics and menopausal symptoms in patients with and without palpitations.

Sample & setting: Presurgery data on palpitations and menopausal symptoms from 398 patients who underwent breast cancer surgery were analyzed.

Methods & variables: The Menopausal Symptoms Scale was used to evaluate the occurrence, severity, and distress of 46 symptoms, including palpitations. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for differences between patients with and without palpitations.

Results: Women with palpitations had lower annual income, lower functional status, higher comorbidity burden, and higher rates of back pain than women without palpitations. Women with palpitations had twice the number of menopausal symptoms and had higher occurrence rates for 39 of the 45 menopausal symptoms. They reported significantly higher severity scores for difficulty concentrating, dizziness, swollen hands/feet, and wake during the night, and higher distress scores for anxiety, hot flashes, swollen hands/feet, and wake during the night.

Implications for nursing: Clinicians should perform routine assessments of palpitations and make appropriate referrals to a cardiologist.

Each abstract has been indexed according to first author. Abstracts appear as they were submitted and have not undergone editing or the Oncology Nursing Forum's review process. Only abstracts that will be presented appear h.

Problem identification: Systematic reviews in adults with cancer have shown the benefits of combined aerobic and resistance exercise (CE) interventions on physical and psychological fitness. However, data on the efficacy of CE interventions for children and adolescents are limited and discordant.

Literature search: The PubMed®, Embase®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure electronic databases were searched from inception to April 19, 2022.

Data evaluation: Nine randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. A quantitative synthesis method was used to investigate the effects of CE interventions on fatigue, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity levels, and health-related quality of life.

Synthesis: This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that CE interventions have beneficial effects on the fatigue, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity levels of this population.

Implications for practice: Healthcare providers should implement CE interventions during hospital care and recommend home-based CE interventions to patients who have barriers to performing hospital-based sessions.

Objectives: To describe cancer screening characteristics and better understand individual-, environmental-, and organizational-level barriers of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. .

Sample & setting: This study was conducted using a combined sample from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) national dataset from 2014 and 2016.

Methods & variables: Chi-square tests for independence and logistic regression analysis tests were performed to determine whether relationships existed between SGM status and demographics.

Results: Black respondents or those who reported their race as other, were female, had some college or technical school or more, and had healthcare coverage were less likely to present for cancer screening. SGM respondents who were in good or better health; were unmarried; were aged 18-44 years or 45-55 years; or were Asian, Native American, or Hawaiian, or reported their race as other, had higher odds of screening for cancer.

Implications for nursing: Disparities in cancer screening among SGM populations are not well documented. These findings will inform structured education and preventative interventions to improve screening participation among SGM populations.

Problem identification: This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of various types of educational interventions on increasing breast cancer screening uptake among Asian American women.

Literature search: Web of Science, MEDLINE®, PubMed®, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials published from 2010 to 2020 of interventions developed to promote mammography uptake among Asian American women.

Data evaluation: A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled effect sizes using relative risk measures. A funnel plot was used to assess publication bias.

Synthesis: Seven studies were included in this review. Educational interventions identified were primarily culturally sensitive approaches combined with access-enhancing, individually tailored, or group-based approaches. The interventions were effective at increasing the receipt of mammography.

Implications for nursing: This review provides insight into the importance of combining other approaches with educational interventions to increase their effectiveness for Asian American women. Future interventions can incorporate various approaches to enhance the ability of Asian American women to overcome barriers to breast cancer screening.

Objectives: To determine if subgroups of individuals with prostate cancer and their partners could be identified based on their distinct symptom profiles and to identify and characterize subgroups based on sociodemographic and cancer characteristics.

Sample & setting: 263 individuals with prostate cancer and 263 partners recruited from three academic cancer centers in the Midwest.

Methods & variables: Latent class analysis was applied to divide individuals into subgroups based on symptom prevalence. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of each symptom, predict subgroup membership, and adjust for direct or indirect effects of covariates on the symptoms.

Results: Three distinct subgroups (low, moderate, and high symptoms) were identified among individuals with prostate cancer and partners, respectively. Education and household income of individuals with prostate cancer were associated with different symptom burdens. Partners' household income differentiated among the subgroups.

Implications for nursing: Understanding the influence of sociodemographic and cancer characteristics can inform risk stratification and tailored symptom management interventions.