Oncology nursing forum最新文献

Welcome to a new year! 2024. For those of us born sometime in the mid-former century, it may seem like time is moving faster these days. For others, during the postpandemic years, with ongoing COVID-19 outbreaks and heighte.

Objectives: To identify an empirical typology of social engagement and its association with depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among older cancer survivors.

Sample & setting: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Methods & variables: Latent class analysis was used to categorize social engagement types. Hierarchical regression analysis then investigated the impact of older cancer survivors' social engagement on depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.

Results: Three classes were identified as follows: a religiously centered group, a diverse social participation group, and a passive participation group. Hierarchical regression indicated that the depressive symptoms of the diverse social participation group were significantly lower than those of the passive participation group (β = -0.157, p = 0.002). There was no significant effect on life satisfaction.

Implications for nursing: This study enhances the understanding of engagement patterns and serves as a reference for older cancer survivors who need support.

Problem identification: Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have significant learning needs that nurses must provide. The review question was "What teaching methods and strategies have been examined to deliver education to patients undergoing HSCT?"

Literature search: The review was conducted in November 2022 using the following databases: Scopus®, Embase®, MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, PsycINFO®, and ERIC. The search comprised two main concepts: HSCT and patient education.

Data evaluation: The search yielded 1,458 records after duplicates were removed, and 3 studies were included in this review. The studies were critically appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and deemed to be of moderate quality.

Synthesis: Problem-solving training was the teaching method used in all three studies. Satisfaction was noted among patients and those delivering the intervention. The effect of the training on information retention or application was not measured.

Implications for practice: Additional research is needed to explore how to best educate patients undergoing HSCT while hospitalized. Structured teaching methods may have a sound theoretical basis and warrant additional investigation using more rigorous research methods.

Objectives: To examine how family caregivers' burden and patients' resourcefulness influence each other and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with colorectal cancer.

Sample & setting: This study was conducted in an outpatient clinic at a medical center in Taichung, Taiwan. A total of 84 patient-caregiver dyads were recruited, and 43 patients had advanced-stage cancer. Patients and their caregivers signed consent forms individually. Patients were aged 29-77 years, and caregivers were aged 22-75 years.

Methods & variables: The theory of resourceful-ness and QOL guided this study. An F test and multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among demographic characteristics, family caregivers' burden, patients' resourcefulness, and patients' HRQOL.

Results: Higher-resourcefulness patients tended to have caregivers with higher self-esteem and fewer health impacts. Caregivers with fewer impacts to health and finances and higher self-esteem were predictive of higher resourcefulness in patients. Higher patient resourcefulness, fewer caregiver disruptions to daily schedule and impacts to finances, and higher caregiver self-esteem were predictors of patients' HRQOL.

Implications for nursing: When developing and evaluating education programs about cognitive skills training for patients with cancer, nurses should take family caregivers' burden into consideration to support optimal patient outcomes and HRQOL.

Problem identification: The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lymphoma may be overlooked because patients often experience thrombocytopenia from the disease or chemotherapy. A meta-analysis was conducted to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for VTE in patients with lymphoma.

Literature search: A systematic search of Embase®, Web of Science, PubMed®, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating VTE in patients with lymphoma.

Data evaluation: The methodologic quality of the eligible observational studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Stata, version 12.0, was used to perform the meta-analysis.

Synthesis: Female sex, older age, history of VTE, a diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Ann Arbor stage III-IV disease, a higher performance status score, bulky disease, central nervous system involvement, a white blood cell count greater than 11 × 109/L, a D-dimer level greater than 0.5 mg/L, central venous catheterization, and treatment with doxorubicin were significant risk factors for VTE.

Implications for practice: This meta-analysis identified risk factors for VTE, which may provide a theoretical foundation for clinical staff to conduct early assessment and identification of high-risk VTE groups, allowing for timely intervention.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of social network characteristics of individuals with a family history of cancer on the use of cancer-related services (e.g., screening, genetic counseling/testing).

Sample & setting: 170 family members of individuals with the most common hereditary or familial cancers.

Methods & variables: Data collection occurred between March and September 2021 using an online survey.

Results: Having strong within-immediate family relationships and family members who underwent more screening procedures was associated with increased breast cancer screening, and having more family members with cancer was associated with colorectal cancer screening. Having a large family, having family members who underwent screening for more cancers, and having strong social cohesion among families were associated with an increased rate of genetic testing.

Implications for nursing: Nurses working with families affected by cancer should focus on strategies to strengthen relationships among family members to improve knowledge of cancer screening and available genetic services.

Objectives: To compare the needs and issues faced by breast cancer survivors (BCSs) who received chemotherapy as part of their treatment with those who did not and assess satisfaction with a specialist breast care nurse-led survivorship clinic.

Sample & setting: BCSs who attended a specialist breast care nurse-led survivorship clinic at a Western Australian private, not-for-profit hospital.

Methods & variables: A multimethod evaluation included surveys, quality-of-life assessments, and reviews of wellness plans.

Results: A total of 68 BCSs participated; the majority had received chemotherapy as part of their treatment and were female. BCSs experienced a diverse range of issues. Significant differences were found between chemotherapy and nonchemotherapy groups for financial difficulties (p = 0.002), body image (p = 0.017), future perspective (p = 0.022), and arm symptoms (p = 0.007). Participants indicated that the specialist breast care nurse-led clinic was appropriately timed and highly valued.

Implications for nursing: Specialist breast care nurse-led clinics can identify and address BCSs' ongoing needs.

Purpose: To describe the self-advocacy experiences of women from underrepresented groups who have advanced breast or gynecologic cancer.

Participants & setting: To be eligible for the study, participants had to self-identify as vulnerable, which was defined as a member of a group considered at risk for poor cancer outcomes and underrepresented in clinical research.

Methodologic approach: This descriptive, longitudinal, qualitative study consisted of one-on-one interviews of women within three months of an advanced breast or gynecologic cancer diagnosis.

Findings: 10 participants completed 25 interviews. The average age of participants was 60.2 years (range = 38-75 years). Three major themes emerged: (a) speaking up and speaking out, (b) interacting with the healthcare team, and (c) relying on support from others.

Implications for nursing: Women with advanced cancer who are from underrepresented groups self-advocated in unique ways, learning over time the importance of how to communicate their needs and manage their healthcare team. Future research should incorporate these findings into tailored self-advocacy interventions.

Problem identification: To map key concepts underpinning work-related studies about nurses with cancer and identify knowledge gaps.

Literature review: A search was conducted in the PubMed®, CINAHL®, and PsycINFO® databases for articles about nurses with cancer and work-related topics published through March 2023.

Data evaluation: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist was used to report results, and the JBI critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of studies. Eleven articles were included.

Synthesis: The following four critical concepts were identified: role adjustments at work, cancer impacts on work, organizational support, and translating insights gained from cancer experience into work. Research gaps identified by the scoping review were a lack of theoretical or conceptual frameworks, lack of syntheses of main ideas, and lack of clear data about participants' socioeconomic status across studies.

Implications for research: Minimal research exists to map predictors, outcomes, or intervention targets to guide organizational strategies to support nurses' retention in the nursing workforce. A guiding framework, recruitment of diverse nurses, and focus on the four critical concepts identified in this scoping review are suggested for future research.

Recently, there have been several seemingly contradictory headlines in the national news regarding cancer incidence and intervals for screening practices. Most recently, a major study questioned whether cancer screening saves.