Oncology nursing forum最新文献

Objectives: To determine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy-based psychoeducation applied to women who have undergone breast cancer surgery on body image, quality of sexual life, and dyadic adjustment.

Sample & setting: Women who have undergone breast cancer surgery were included. The research had a single-group quasi-experimental design with pre-/post-test measurements and 31 participants.

Methods & variables: The research was carried out between February and July 2021. Data were collected using a personal information form, a body image perception scale, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and the Sexual Quality of Life-Female.

Results: The post-test mean scores of body image, quality of sexual life, and dyadic adjustment scales were significantly higher than pretest (p < 0.05).

Implications for nursing: To improve the body image, quality of sexual life, and dyadic adjustment of women who have undergone breast cancer surgery, nurses are recommended to include psychoeducation based on acceptance and commitment therapy interventions in the nursing care process and to evaluate the effectiveness.

Objectives: To examine the relationships among family caregiver burden and workplace productivity and activity impairment among home hospice family caregivers of individuals with cancer who worked while providing end-of-life caregiving.

Sample & setting: Baseline data from a longitudinal study of communication between hospice providers and hospice family caregivers were used for this secondary analysis.

Methods & variables: Working family caregivers with complete workplace productivity and activity impairment data were included in this analysis (N = 30). Demographic data, caregiver burden, and workplace productivity and activity impairment were examined with descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical linear regressions.

Results: Hospice family caregivers were primarily White, female, married, and employed full-time. Caregiver burden levels were significantly positively associated with activity impairment, presenteeism, and work productivity loss. These relationships remained statistically significant when controlling for age.

Implications for nursing: Hospice and oncology nurses can support working hospice family caregivers by assessing for burden and associated workplace challenges, as well as by providing referrals for respite and community resources.

Purpose: To explore the formation of stigma toward lung cancer and its social consequences for Chinese patients living with this diagnosis.

Participants & setting: A purposive sample of 19 patients with lung cancer were recruited in the outpatient clinic of a tertiary cancer center in southern China.

Methodologic approach: This is a descriptive qualitative study. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the formation of stigma toward lung cancer and its social consequences. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and coded by the thematic analysis approach.

Findings: The following three themes emerged from interviews: (a) sources of stigma, (b) stigma manifestations, and (c) social consequences of stigma.

Implications for nursing: Considering that the formation of lung cancer stigma is socioculturally specific, existing stereotypes and prejudice in Chinese society should be the focus of antistigma interventions at the population level. At the individual level, cancer concealment, resistance to cancer identity, and feelings of no longer being a normal person were three common manifestations that may be indicators for stigma screening among people with lung cancer. In addition, stigmas profoundly affected patients' social lives and their help-seeking behaviors, and medical staff should use effective strategies to alleviate stigma toward lung cancer and its effects.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between health-illness transition (HIT) experiences and distress among patients with pancreatic cancer.

Sample & setting: 55 patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer center in New York.

Methods & variables: A prospective correlational study was performed to explore the frequency, extent, and management of HITs. HITs were evaluated using the Measurement of Transitions in Cancer Scale, and distress was measured with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer.

Results: All patients experienced at least one HIT. The extent of HITs decreased over time. Patients reported that they managed HITs moderately well. There was a significant correlation between unmanaged HITs and distress. As distress increased, the extent of the physical and emotional HITs increased and management worsened.

Implications for nursing: HITs are ubiquitous among patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Associated distress inhibits management. Nurses are well suited to assess for potential HITs and to support self-management of HITs.

In late July and early August, I had the opportunity to attend the International Academy of Nursing Editors annual conference in Dublin, Ireland. The International Academy of Nursing Editors is an international collaborative.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of pranayama and deep breathing exercises on fatigue and sleep quality in women undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer.

Sample & setting: This randomized controlled study was conducted on the outpatient radiation oncology unit of a hospital with 20 patients each in pranayama, deep breathing, and standard care groups (N = 60).

Methods & variables: The Piper Fatigue Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to evaluate the participants' fatigue and sleep quality.

Results: The control group showed a significant increase in fatigue levels at the end of radiation therapy compared to the beginning. Sleep quality was improved only in the pranayama group.

Implications for nursing: Pranayama can be learned easily, can be performed anywhere, and does not require any equipment, making it a convenient exercise for patients. Oncology nurses can take the lead in suggesting pranayama for symptom management.

Objectives: To understand taste and smell alterations (TSAs) and their relationship with quality of life among women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy.

Sample & setting: A descriptive correlational study was conducted with 121 women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy, and data were collected through an online survey.

Methods & variables: The Taste and Smell Survey was used to measure TSAs, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast was used to measure quality of life.

Results: More than half of the participants experienced severe TSAs. The longest-lasting taste after the start of chemotherapy was a bitter taste, and participants experienced it more strongly after starting chemotherapy than before. The more severe the TSAs, the lower the overall quality of life, particularly physical well-being and functional well-being.

Implications for nursing: Nurses should be vigilant about whether people with cancer receiving chemotherapy are experiencing TSAs. It is recommended to educate women in this population about avoiding bitter foods and foods with strong smells. Providing information about TSAs before treatment can help people with cancer cope.

Problem identification: Data on the efficacy of physical exercise interventions for individuals with gynecologic cancer are limited and discordant. The purpose of this review was to determine the benefits of exercise interventions in this population.

Literature search: The PubMed®, Web of Science, Embase® (Ovid), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for studies published from January 1, 2010, to November 9, 2022.

Data evaluation: 12 randomized controlled trials were included. A quantitative synthesis method was used to investigate the effects of exercise interventions on individuals with gynecologic cancer.

Synthesis: The findings indicate that physical exercise interventions may have beneficial effects on the fatigue, depression, and health-related quality of life of this patient population. However, because of the small group of studies available, the evidence must be regarded as preliminary.

Implications for practice: Clinicians and oncology nurses should recommend and refer individuals with gynecologic cancer to clinic- or community-based physical exercise programs.

Objectives: To evaluate differences in the severity of global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress, resilience, and common neuropsychological symptoms among four subgroups of patients with distinct chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN) profiles.

Sample & setting: Adult patients with cancer (N = 1,343) receiving chemotherapy.

Methods & variables: Patients completed stress, resilience, and neuropsychological symptom severity measures. The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale was used to assess CIN occurrence six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate differences among subgroups of patients with distinct CIN profiles.

Results: The high class had significantly higher levels of global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress; significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, morning and evening fatigue, and pain; and lower levels of morning and evening energy and cognitive dysfunction.

Implications for nursing: Clinicians need to evaluate CIN occurrence across each cycle of chemotherapy and assess patients for various types of stress and common neuropsychological symptoms.

Objectives: To examine symptoms and symptom clusters in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with or without diabetes at three key periods (0-6 months, 12-18 months, and 24-30 months) post-initial chemotherapy.

Sample & setting: Patients with CRC from a cancer center in the midwestern United States between January 2007 and December 2017.

Methods & variables: Eight of the most common symptoms (fatigue, gastrointestinal issues, depression, anxiety, peripheral neuropathy, physical function, cognition, and sleep disturbance) reported by patients with CRC and patients with diabetes were extracted from electronic health records. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters, which were assessed for patterns and clinical relevance.

Results: Gastrointestinal issues and fatigue were the most prevalent symptoms in patients with CRC at each period. Across the three periods, patients with CRC and diabetes had more symptom clusters (n = 7) compared to patients with CRC without diabetes (n = 4). No stable symptom clusters were identified for either group.

Implications for nursing: Oncology clinicians must recognize that patients with CRC and diabetes may present with exacerbated symptoms or symptom clusters. Ongoing assessment and monitoring of patients with CRC and diabetes for symptoms and symptom clusters is important because they may be at an increased risk for higher symptom burden.