Oncology nursing forum最新文献

Objectives: To describe the trajectories of food insecurity and examine their associations with sociodemographic and health-related factors in older adult cancer survivors.

Sample & setting: Data from 2015 to 2021 from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative cohort study of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older, were extracted and analyzed.

Methods & variables: Food insecurity was annually measured based on five self-reported items. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify food insecurity trajectory groups. Data analysis accounted for the complex survey design and analytic weights.

Results: The sample consisted of 1,935 older adult cancer survivors. The weighted prevalence of food insecurity ranged from 2.46% to 4.73% from 2015 to 2021. The following two food insecurity trajectory groups were identified: low-stable (n = 1,796, 93%) and medium-stable (n = 139, 7%). Individuals who were younger, female, not non-Hispanic and White, and physically frail, and those with lower household income and higher levels of anxiety and depression, were more likely to experience persistent food insecurity.

Implications for nursing: Food security in older adult survivors is persistent and distributed inequitably among those who are female, not non-Hispanic and White, and younger, and those with lower household income.

As the new editor of the Forum, I congratulate the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) on 50 years of educating, inspiring, elevating, and supporting thousands of oncology nurses. ONS was created in 1975; today, ONS represents 100.

Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the incidence of palliative care (PC) consultations for older adults with lung cancer who died in the past five years, as well as the impact of social determinants of health (SDOHs) on PC consultations.

Sample & setting: 63 participants aged 65 years or older with a lung cancer diagnosis who died in the past five years. Electronic health records were used to extract data.

Methods & variables: A medical record extraction form was used to collect the following data: (a) lung cancer diagnosis, (b) PC consultations, (c) patient demographic information, and (d) SDOHs factors. All data were entered into a secure research electronic data capture management site.

Results: Older adults who were married, White, and female and lived in a below-average rural or suburban area were more often benefactors of a PC consultation.

Implications for nursing: It is imperative for nurses to support patients from diagnosis to end of life by facilitating PC consultations. This study highlights the importance of collecting SDOHs for all patients admitted to the hospital in the electronic health record. Awareness of SDOHs can help nurses facilitate end-of-life care plans.

Objectives: To determine clinically meaningful cut points for the Herth Hope Index and evaluate for differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as stress, resilience, and coping, between patients with lower versus higher levels of hope.

Sample & setting: Outpatients with cancer receiving chemotherapy (N = 1,295).

Methods & variables: Patients completed the Herth Hope Index, Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Patient Version, and stress, resilience, and coping measures prior to their second or third cycle of chemotherapy.

Results: Optimal cut points for the Herth Hope Index were 40 or less (i.e., lower level of hope) and greater than 40 (i.e., higher level of hope). The Lower Hope group had a higher comorbidity burden and lower functional status.

Implications for nursing: Clinicians can use this information to educate patients about interventions that can decrease stress and improve their coping abilities. Patients with cancer may benefit from having conversations with clinicians that authentically convey prognosis and provide a realistic sense of hope.

Objectives: To describe end-of-life (EOL) preparedness, the quality of advance care planning (ACP) discussions, and their effect on EOL preparedness in patients with metastatic cancer enrolled in a phase 1/2 clinical trial.

Sample & setting: 81 English-speaking adults aged 18 years or older with advanced metastatic cancer who were enrolled in a phase 1/2 clinical trial and hospitalized at a comprehensive cancer center in South Texas.

Methods & variables: A nonexperimental descriptive study was conducted in two parts in 2022. Data were collected using the Quality of Communication Questionnaire and the preparation for EOL subscale of the Quality of Life at the EOL-Cancer questionnaire.

Results: About half of the sample (n = 40) reported being well prepared for EOL and 41 reported being not well prepared for EOL. Patients reported being moderately to completely worried about being a burden to family (n = 36), their family's ability to cope with the future (n = 42), and frightened by thoughts of dying (n = 27). Quality of ACP communication was significantly correlated with EOL preparedness (r = 0.38, p < 0.001).

Implications for nursing: As integral parts of the healthcare team, nurses can communicate with patients with advanced cancer about ACP and initiate EOL discussions, enhance patients' awareness of their EOL stage, and encourage them to plan their EOL care.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of aromatherapy on symptom burden and associated outcomes.

Sample & setting: 92 inpatients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on hematology-oncology units in an academic hospital.

Methods & variables: Participants in this pilot randomized controlled trial received essential oil-infused or blank aromatherapy patches and completed a symptom journal. Mixed-model analysis of variance was used to analyze chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and retching (CINVR) and anxiety symptoms. A t test was used to analyze medications administered for CINVR. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze additional study aims.

Results: There was no significant difference in mean symptom scores or medications administered between the intervention and control groups. On a 1-10 rating scale (10 = extremely satisfied/extremely likely), aromatherapy was rated 8 or higher for satisfaction (n = 50) and likeliness to use again (n = 53).

Implications for nursing: Aromatherapy can be used for holistic symptom management to improve the patient experience.

Objectives: To describe longitudinal oral health symptom patterns of patients receiving concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) and examine associations between phenotypic characteristics, including human papillomavirus (HPV) status and oral health symptoms.

Sample & setting: A pilot retrospective longitudinal chart review (N = 270) of patients with HNC at a northeastern U.S. regional cancer institute.

Methods & variables: HPV status and oral health symptoms (pain, mucositis, taste alteration, xerostomia, dysphagia, and candidiasis) were examined during treatment (six weeks) and survivorship (three months). Latent transition analysis was conducted across each time point.

Results: The latent transition analysis revealed classes with moderate to high symptom expression persisted into survivorship. The HPV-negative phenotype had higher symptom expression across treatment and survivorship.

Implications for nursing: Patients with HPV-negative HNC may require early intervention, while considering social determinants of health to attenuate symptom expression and improve outcomes.

Objectives: To explore the incidence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in breast cancer survivors and potential associations with long-term treatment-related sequelae.

Sample & setting: English-speaking breast cancer survivors three or more years from diagnosis with complete treatment response (N = 120) were recruited prior to scheduled survivorship clinic visits.

Methods & variables: Participants in this cross-sectional observational feasibility study rated anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive issues, resilience, and ACEs (experienced prior to age 18 years). Blood samples were analyzed for inflammatory and epigenetic biomarkers.

Results: ACEs assessment was feasible. Higher ACE scores correlated with greater fatigue, anxiety, and depression, and with lower cognitive function (p < 0.05). Resilience was positively associated with cognitive function and negatively associated with fatigue, anxiety, and depression.

Implications for nursing: There is evidence for the impact of ACEs on long-term treatment-related sequelae in women with breast cancer. Oncology nurses should consider incorporating ACEs assessment into the workflow for women receiving survivorship care.

Objectives: To identify subgroups of patients with distinct psychological profiles at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate for differences.

Sample & setting: Online survey of patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods & variables: Patients completed measures of demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as cancer- and COVID-19-related stress, global stress, social isolation, loneliness, financial toxicity, and common symptoms. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct psychological profiles.

Results: Among 1,145 patients, three subgroups were identified (i.e., no anxiety or depression and normative level of resilience; high depression, high anxiety, and low resilience; and very high depression, very high anxiety, and very low resilience). Patients with the two worst psychological profiles were younger, more likely to be female, more recently diagnosed with cancer, and more likely to have breast cancer.

Implications for nursing: Findings may assist clinicians to identify patients at increased risk for significant psychological morbidity and provide more timely, targeted, and cost-effective interventions.