Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11037
Arya Tjipta, H. Ramadhan, Rahmi Lubis
BACKGROUND: Two-stage palatoplasty involves soft palate closure–6–8 months after birth, followed by hard palate closure at the age of 12–14 years to avoid early surgical intervention of the hard palate. AIM: This study aimed to present the advantages and disadvantages of two-stage cleft repair palatoplasty. METHODS: This study used the literature review method to find articles using the search engine Google Scholar, Ovid, and PubMed. According to the search results, 525 articles were in accordance with the title of the study, but those in accordance with the inclusion criteria amounted to nine articles only. RESULTS: The results of several studies in this study highlight some of the advantages and disadvantages of the two-stage palatoplasty procedure in several countries. CONCLUSIONS: Some advantages of two-stage palatoplasty are good maxillary growth and disadvantages, such as increased velopharyngeal insufficiency.
{"title":"The Advantages and Disadvantages of Two Stages Palatoplasty: A Systematic Review","authors":"Arya Tjipta, H. Ramadhan, Rahmi Lubis","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11037","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Two-stage palatoplasty involves soft palate closure–6–8 months after birth, followed by hard palate closure at the age of 12–14 years to avoid early surgical intervention of the hard palate.\u0000AIM: This study aimed to present the advantages and disadvantages of two-stage cleft repair palatoplasty.\u0000METHODS: This study used the literature review method to find articles using the search engine Google Scholar, Ovid, and PubMed. According to the search results, 525 articles were in accordance with the title of the study, but those in accordance with the inclusion criteria amounted to nine articles only.\u0000RESULTS: The results of several studies in this study highlight some of the advantages and disadvantages of the two-stage palatoplasty procedure in several countries.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: Some advantages of two-stage palatoplasty are good maxillary growth and disadvantages, such as increased velopharyngeal insufficiency.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44801313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11607
Mahmoud Elodemi, A. Siddiqua, Mohaamed Ali Seyed
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fast-growing metabolic disorder, which affect millions around the world mostly people from developing nations. The rise of diabetes is further set to rise more in the coming years in all inhabited continents of the world. DM mainly attributed for food and lifestyle changes, less or no physical activity, obese, overweight, and major socioeconomic changes. In recent years, herbal medicine is incredibly growing because many natural products exhibit less or no side effects. It is well-established that nature-derived products protect β-cells and decrease blood glucose. AIM: We aimed to explain anti-diabetic attributes, traditional uses, and potential chemical constituents of desert plant retama. RESULTS: Numerous previous studies support the use of plant derived bioactive substances for human and animal disease therapy and reinforce their importance as a potential source of novel drug candidates. In this line a flowering bush, belong to the genus “Retama” (Fabaceae) are in use of conventional remedy in the Mediterranean basin for various diseases including DM. This potential plant genus has a great medical and socioeconomic importance and provides crucial evidence for its anti-diabetic therapeutic potential. The present review collected various documented information using the following searching engines such as PubMed, Science direct, and Google scholar. We limit our search only to English written documents for the last few decades until date. For data mining, the following MeSH words used in the databases: Retama, diabetes, phytoconstituents, pharmacological potential, anti-diabetic, insulin, in vivo, and in vitro. CONCLUSION: The outcome of this review may set new prospects for the DM patients, along with other standard medication and provide an overall insight to the well-being at the regional and global level.
{"title":"Anti-diabetic Attributes of Desert Plant Retama: A Mini Review on its Traditional Uses and Potential Chemical Constituents","authors":"Mahmoud Elodemi, A. Siddiqua, Mohaamed Ali Seyed","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11607","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fast-growing metabolic disorder, which affect millions around the world mostly people from developing nations. The rise of diabetes is further set to rise more in the coming years in all inhabited continents of the world. DM mainly attributed for food and lifestyle changes, less or no physical activity, obese, overweight, and major socioeconomic changes. In recent years, herbal medicine is incredibly growing because many natural products exhibit less or no side effects. It is well-established that nature-derived products protect β-cells and decrease blood glucose.\u0000AIM: We aimed to explain anti-diabetic attributes, traditional uses, and potential chemical constituents of desert plant retama.\u0000RESULTS: Numerous previous studies support the use of plant derived bioactive substances for human and animal disease therapy and reinforce their importance as a potential source of novel drug candidates. In this line a flowering bush, belong to the genus “Retama” (Fabaceae) are in use of conventional remedy in the Mediterranean basin for various diseases including DM. This potential plant genus has a great medical and socioeconomic importance and provides crucial evidence for its anti-diabetic therapeutic potential. The present review collected various documented information using the following searching engines such as PubMed, Science direct, and Google scholar. We limit our search only to English written documents for the last few decades until date. For data mining, the following MeSH words used in the databases: Retama, diabetes, phytoconstituents, pharmacological potential, anti-diabetic, insulin, in vivo, and in vitro.\u0000CONCLUSION: The outcome of this review may set new prospects for the DM patients, along with other standard medication and provide an overall insight to the well-being at the regional and global level.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44154000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11604
Mohammed Saud, Mahmoud Alafandy, Ahmed Mohamed Osama, Omar Abbas El-Sadat
AIM: The study aimed to compare two different methods for occlusal analysis and adjustment of implant-supported prostheses (computerized T-scan and articulating papers) regarding the stresses transmitted to the implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients with completely edentulous mandible opposing dentate maxilla have been selected and four implants have been inserted. Two identical mandibular zirconia implant supported prostheses have been constructed for each patient. Occlusal analysis and adjustments have been done using T-scan for one prosthesis and using articulating papers for the other prosthesis. Two identical acrylic casts for the mandibular arch (with four implant analogs on each cast) have been constructed for each patient. The prostheses on their acrylic casts were applied to cyclic loading using chewing simulator of 250,000 cycle (1 year loading). Strain gauges have been installed mesial and distal to each implant (28 implants of T-scan group and 28 implants of articulating paper group) and strain gauge analysis was conducted using the universal testing machine upon the application of bilateral and unilateral load after cyclic loading. Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Higher micro strain values were found around implants among articulating paper group than T-scan group and that difference was statistically insignificant under bilateral loading and statistically significant under unilateral loading. CONCLUSION: T-scan allows better occlusal stresses distribution as it brings additional information regarding force intensity and occlusal timing resulting in less stresses transmitted around implants.
{"title":"Effect of T-scan Occlusal Analysis and Adjustment Versus Articulating Paper on Stresses Transmitted to Single Mandibular Implant Supported Prosthesis","authors":"Mohammed Saud, Mahmoud Alafandy, Ahmed Mohamed Osama, Omar Abbas El-Sadat","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11604","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: The study aimed to compare two different methods for occlusal analysis and adjustment of implant-supported prostheses (computerized T-scan and articulating papers) regarding the stresses transmitted to the implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients with completely edentulous mandible opposing dentate maxilla have been selected and four implants have been inserted. Two identical mandibular zirconia implant supported prostheses have been constructed for each patient. Occlusal analysis and adjustments have been done using T-scan for one prosthesis and using articulating papers for the other prosthesis. Two identical acrylic casts for the mandibular arch (with four implant analogs on each cast) have been constructed for each patient. The prostheses on their acrylic casts were applied to cyclic loading using chewing simulator of 250,000 cycle (1 year loading). Strain gauges have been installed mesial and distal to each implant (28 implants of T-scan group and 28 implants of articulating paper group) and strain gauge analysis was conducted using the universal testing machine upon the application of bilateral and unilateral load after cyclic loading. Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Higher micro strain values were found around implants among articulating paper group than T-scan group and that difference was statistically insignificant under bilateral loading and statistically significant under unilateral loading. CONCLUSION: T-scan allows better occlusal stresses distribution as it brings additional information regarding force intensity and occlusal timing resulting in less stresses transmitted around implants.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135593650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-09DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11605
M. S. Eldin, A. Yehia, Randa A Abdallah, Gehan Sobhy, M. Abdelaziz
BACKGROUND: The link between obstructive sleep apnea and difficult intubation needs to be fully investigated and made clear. If a compromised airway can be anticipated and managed; it can lessen the likelihood of adverse consequences. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, severity, and possible association of obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with unexpected difficult endotracheal intubation and their associated clinical and polysomnographic findings. METHODS: Thirty patients referred for examination after difficult endotracheal intubation were enrolled in the study group, while 30 cases from the sleep laboratory unit database with a history of surgical intervention without difficult intubation were randomly selected for the control group. Documentation was obtained for the office clinical examination and fiber-optic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy assessment by Muller maneuver. The inspected upper airway was graded clinically using the Modified Mallampati technique. A comprehensive polysomnographic assessment was done overnight. The available data from the anesthetic record, as well as those derived from clinical and polysomnographic examination, such as age, sex, Body mass index, M Mallampati score, clinical positive findings, Cormack and Lehane grade, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), desaturation index, and average O2%, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The mean ± SD of the AHI of the study group was (29.7 ± 16.1) while in the control group, it was (13.1 ± 9.9), and the difference was of statistical significance (p < 0.001). The grading of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was significantly different between both groups, with 53.3% of the studied cases having severe OSA and the rest having moderate (26.7%) or mild OSA (13.3%). The desaturation index was significantly higher in the study group (28.9 ± 17.4) than the control group (10.2 ± 7.4), while the average O2% saturation was significantly lower among cases (91.8 ± 6.2). The mean modified Mallampati score was significantly higher among cases with grade III-CL, and the significance was also noticed in class IV. CONCLUSION: OSA is a major risk factor for difficult airway management and OSA patients are more likely to have difficult intubations. Patients who underwent a difficult intubation had a higher incidence and severity of OSA compared to the control group. OSA severity and higher modified Mallampati scores were independently related.
{"title":"Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Difficult Intubation: Looking for Evidence?","authors":"M. S. Eldin, A. Yehia, Randa A Abdallah, Gehan Sobhy, M. Abdelaziz","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11605","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The link between obstructive sleep apnea and difficult intubation needs to be fully investigated and made clear. If a compromised airway can be anticipated and managed; it can lessen the likelihood of adverse consequences. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, severity, and possible association of obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with unexpected difficult endotracheal intubation and their associated clinical and polysomnographic findings. METHODS: Thirty patients referred for examination after difficult endotracheal intubation were enrolled in the study group, while 30 cases from the sleep laboratory unit database with a history of surgical intervention without difficult intubation were randomly selected for the control group. Documentation was obtained for the office clinical examination and fiber-optic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy assessment by Muller maneuver. The inspected upper airway was graded clinically using the Modified Mallampati technique. A comprehensive polysomnographic assessment was done overnight. The available data from the anesthetic record, as well as those derived from clinical and polysomnographic examination, such as age, sex, Body mass index, M Mallampati score, clinical positive findings, Cormack and Lehane grade, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), desaturation index, and average O2%, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The mean ± SD of the AHI of the study group was (29.7 ± 16.1) while in the control group, it was (13.1 ± 9.9), and the difference was of statistical significance (p < 0.001). The grading of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was significantly different between both groups, with 53.3% of the studied cases having severe OSA and the rest having moderate (26.7%) or mild OSA (13.3%). The desaturation index was significantly higher in the study group (28.9 ± 17.4) than the control group (10.2 ± 7.4), while the average O2% saturation was significantly lower among cases (91.8 ± 6.2). The mean modified Mallampati score was significantly higher among cases with grade III-CL, and the significance was also noticed in class IV. CONCLUSION: OSA is a major risk factor for difficult airway management and OSA patients are more likely to have difficult intubations. Patients who underwent a difficult intubation had a higher incidence and severity of OSA compared to the control group. OSA severity and higher modified Mallampati scores were independently related.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48658310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11603
Ali Y. Elgendy, Aya A. Salama, Ahmed N. Elsherbini
AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of obturation techniques on the stresses induced on the abutment teeth and the supported prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A unilateral bounded edentulous space case design was chosen for this study, with telescopic retained partial dentures (TRPDs) selected as the treatment of choice. Two TRPDs were fabricated, the first pre-molar and second molar were used as abutments for the partial dentures. In the first group, the pre-molar was treated with the lateral compaction obturation technique. In the second group, the first pre-molar was treated with a vertical compaction obturation technique. The second molar was a common abutment in both groups and was left untreated. 50 Newtons were applied on the prostheses, with a strain gauge attached, and data were collected. RESULTS: t-test showed the mean values of microstrain (με) induced in pre-molars treated with lateral compaction was 159.64 ± 10.46 με, whereas with vertical compaction was 12.14 ± 2.57 με, with statistical significance of p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: Vertical obturation of endodontically treated teeth propagates less stress to the abutment teeth and to the supporting prostheses.
目的:评价不同的封闭技术对基牙和义齿所受应力的影响。材料与方法:本研究选择单侧有界无牙空间病例设计，选择套筒固位局部义齿(trpd)作为治疗选择。制作两个trpd，第一前磨牙和第二磨牙作为局部义齿的基牙。第一组采用侧压实封闭技术处理前磨牙。在第二组中，第一前磨牙采用垂直压实封闭技术进行治疗。第二磨牙是两组常见的基牙，未进行治疗。在假体上施加50牛顿，并附有应变计，收集数据。结果:t检验显示，侧压实处理前磨牙诱导的微应变(με)平均值为159.64±10.46 με，垂直压实处理前磨牙诱导的微应变(με)平均值为12.14±2.57 με， p <差异有统计学意义;0.05. 结论:根管治疗后的牙体垂直封闭对基牙和支撑体的压力较小。
{"title":"Effect of Obturation Technique on Stresses Induced in Telescopic Retained Partial Denture (In vitro Study)","authors":"Ali Y. Elgendy, Aya A. Salama, Ahmed N. Elsherbini","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11603","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of obturation techniques on the stresses induced on the abutment teeth and the supported prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A unilateral bounded edentulous space case design was chosen for this study, with telescopic retained partial dentures (TRPDs) selected as the treatment of choice. Two TRPDs were fabricated, the first pre-molar and second molar were used as abutments for the partial dentures. In the first group, the pre-molar was treated with the lateral compaction obturation technique. In the second group, the first pre-molar was treated with a vertical compaction obturation technique. The second molar was a common abutment in both groups and was left untreated. 50 Newtons were applied on the prostheses, with a strain gauge attached, and data were collected. RESULTS: t-test showed the mean values of microstrain (με) induced in pre-molars treated with lateral compaction was 159.64 ± 10.46 με, whereas with vertical compaction was 12.14 ± 2.57 με, with statistical significance of p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: Vertical obturation of endodontically treated teeth propagates less stress to the abutment teeth and to the supporting prostheses.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135792058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11490
H. Lalić
BACKGROUND: This paper shows the role of occupational medicine in assessing the justification for seeking compensation for a sports injury. CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-year-old female candidate applied for admission to the Police. Starting in 2022, the Academy tightened the admission criteria and started testing candidates by professional selection. The candidate was injured at the “Marine” training ground, breaking both lower leg bones. She is now seeking compensation from the Ministry of the Interior. Like for other jobs with special working condition, it is known that before hiring future police officers, they have to pass the preliminary occupational medicine examination. The same applies to enrolment in sports clubs, for practicing sports and before entering competitions. The candidate asks whether she should have had a medical examination before applying for training as a police officer, that is, before psychophysical testing. Only candidates who pass the tests can be admitted to the Police Academy at the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which are followed by a medical examination and the signing of an employment contract. The state cannot be expected to pay trainers for potential candidates and their training, for only about a quarter of candidates pass the selection. CONCLUSION: The candidates themselves must be aware of their psychophysical capabilities, and it is to be expected that sportswomen, even amateurs, skilled and at least moderately fit, will apply for the above mentioned position of policewoman, bearing in mind the complexity of the future profession.
{"title":"OM Assessing the Justification in Seeking Compensation for Sports Injury","authors":"H. Lalić","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11490","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: This paper shows the role of occupational medicine in assessing the justification for seeking compensation for a sports injury.\u0000CASE PRESENTATION: A 23-year-old female candidate applied for admission to the Police. Starting in 2022, the Academy tightened the admission criteria and started testing candidates by professional selection. The candidate was injured at the “Marine” training ground, breaking both lower leg bones. She is now seeking compensation from the Ministry of the Interior. Like for other jobs with special working condition, it is known that before hiring future police officers, they have to pass the preliminary occupational medicine examination. The same applies to enrolment in sports clubs, for practicing sports and before entering competitions. The candidate asks whether she should have had a medical examination before applying for training as a police officer, that is, before psychophysical testing. Only candidates who pass the tests can be admitted to the Police Academy at the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which are followed by a medical examination and the signing of an employment contract. The state cannot be expected to pay trainers for potential candidates and their training, for only about a quarter of candidates pass the selection.\u0000CONCLUSION: The candidates themselves must be aware of their psychophysical capabilities, and it is to be expected that sportswomen, even amateurs, skilled and at least moderately fit, will apply for the above mentioned position of policewoman, bearing in mind the complexity of the future profession.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49268306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11494
Dinh Dieu Hong, Trinh Dinh Hai, Vu Le Phuong, Tran Thi Ngoc Anh, Truong Thi Mai Anh, Do Thi Thu Huong, Trinh Hai Anh
BACKGROUND: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a short pain when dentin is exposed to external stimuli such as: Thermal, vapor, rubbing, osmotic, or chemical stimuli without pathological or any other dental defect and in normal teeth, that level of stimulation is not sufficient to cause pain. Besides tooth decay and periodontal disease, DH is the top concern of Odonto-Stomatology doctors. AIM: The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of DH in Hanoi, Vietnam, in two groups (workers at Hanvico Company and dental students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, VNU, Hanoi, Vietnam). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 500 subjects which consisted of 288 workers at Hanvico Company and 212 Odonto-Stomatology students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, VNU. The study subjects were examined intraorally and diagnosed with DH to vapor and tactile stimuli using the Yeaple Probe electronic probe. RESULTS: It was found that the prevalence of DH is 20.4% in Hanoi, Vietnam, with no difference between men and women. The highest prevalence of DH is in group 40–49 years of age group. CONCLUSION: It was found that there is a moderate prevalence of DH in Hanoi, Vietnam. The cervical wear, tooth wear, gingival shrinkage, and a diet high in acid showed a high prevalence of DH.
{"title":"Prevalence of Dentin Hypersensitivity in a Target Subjects in Hanoi, Vietnam","authors":"Dinh Dieu Hong, Trinh Dinh Hai, Vu Le Phuong, Tran Thi Ngoc Anh, Truong Thi Mai Anh, Do Thi Thu Huong, Trinh Hai Anh","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11494","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a short pain when dentin is exposed to external stimuli such as: Thermal, vapor, rubbing, osmotic, or chemical stimuli without pathological or any other dental defect and in normal teeth, that level of stimulation is not sufficient to cause pain. Besides tooth decay and periodontal disease, DH is the top concern of Odonto-Stomatology doctors. AIM: The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of DH in Hanoi, Vietnam, in two groups (workers at Hanvico Company and dental students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, VNU, Hanoi, Vietnam). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 500 subjects which consisted of 288 workers at Hanvico Company and 212 Odonto-Stomatology students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, VNU. The study subjects were examined intraorally and diagnosed with DH to vapor and tactile stimuli using the Yeaple Probe electronic probe. RESULTS: It was found that the prevalence of DH is 20.4% in Hanoi, Vietnam, with no difference between men and women. The highest prevalence of DH is in group 40–49 years of age group. CONCLUSION: It was found that there is a moderate prevalence of DH in Hanoi, Vietnam. The cervical wear, tooth wear, gingival shrinkage, and a diet high in acid showed a high prevalence of DH.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.9939
P. Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta, K. A. Bethania
BACKGROUND: Lymph-node metastasis (LNM) is the most frequent complication of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). AIM: Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), this study aims to determine the role of membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) expression as a biomarker for LNM in IBC of no special type (IBC-NST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary tumors from individuals with IBC-NST were preserved in paraffin and then categorized as having LNM or not. Tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor grade, MT1-MMP expression, and other factors were evaluated across a range of ages. MT1-MMP expression was assessed by IHC, with supplemental data acquired from archives. Collecting and analyzing the data required the use of both bivariate and multivariate techniques. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for LNM was 5.003 (95% CI: 1.68–20.61) for MT1-MMP expression, while the OR for LVI was 4.71 (95% CI: 1.57–18.8). These associations were found using the Firth penalized likelihood Logit analysis method. At an H-score cutoff of 202.22 (70.8% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity), an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.9130.038 (95% CI: 0.838–0.989) was found for MT1-MMP expression in diagnosing LNM. CONCLUSION: In conjunction with LVI, MT1-MMP expression may serve as a predictor of LNM. To further assist data separation in future research, the MT1-MMP expression H-score cutoff of 202.22 could be used.
{"title":"Potential for Predicting Lymph-node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type Using MT1-MMP Immunohistochemistry Staining","authors":"P. Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta, K. A. Bethania","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.9939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.9939","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Lymph-node metastasis (LNM) is the most frequent complication of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC).\u0000AIM: Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), this study aims to determine the role of membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) expression as a biomarker for LNM in IBC of no special type (IBC-NST).\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary tumors from individuals with IBC-NST were preserved in paraffin and then categorized as having LNM or not. Tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor grade, MT1-MMP expression, and other factors were evaluated across a range of ages. MT1-MMP expression was assessed by IHC, with supplemental data acquired from archives. Collecting and analyzing the data required the use of both bivariate and multivariate techniques.\u0000RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for LNM was 5.003 (95% CI: 1.68–20.61) for MT1-MMP expression, while the OR for LVI was 4.71 (95% CI: 1.57–18.8). These associations were found using the Firth penalized likelihood Logit analysis method. At an H-score cutoff of 202.22 (70.8% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity), an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.9130.038 (95% CI: 0.838–0.989) was found for MT1-MMP expression in diagnosing LNM.\u0000CONCLUSION: In conjunction with LVI, MT1-MMP expression may serve as a predictor of LNM. To further assist data separation in future research, the MT1-MMP expression H-score cutoff of 202.22 could be used.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46853245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-02DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11470
Sabina Medjedovic, T. Jurca, Milena Kerin Povšič
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common infection in critically ill patients and has the highest mortality. It prolongs ventilation time and length of stay, increases antibiotic consumption, increases the likelihood of death, increases the cost of treatment, and is difficult to diagnose. AIM: At the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, we prospectively monitor risk factors for VAP and its incidence. It is a mixed surgical/internal ICU. METHODS: A centers of disease control and prevention VAP diagnosis criteria and strategies to prevent VAP were used. Registered nurses recorded risk factors in all intubated patients in all three shifts, and the diagnosis protocol was completed by the physician in case of antibiotic administration in suspected VAP. RESULTS: The expected incidence of VAP is around 18/1,000 ventilated days. In 2021, 67 patients were mechanically ventilated in our ICU (patients who completed ventilation in that year). The total time spent on ventilation was 17,143 h or 714.3 days. As the criteria for ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) is >48 h of ventilation, we excluded 19 patients who had been ventilated for 48 h or less. Among 48 patients who were ventilated for > 48 h, the total ventilation was 16,765 h or 698.5 days. We recorded 8 VAP in 714 days, which is 1 VAP per 89 days of ventilation or 11.2/1,000 ventilation days. Healthcare staff, especially registered nurses, play a major role in VAP prevention, providing care every day, all days of the week. Most prevention interventions and strategies are part of routine nursing care. Lack of knowledge about infection prevention and appropriate nursing care among nurses can become a barrier to adherence to evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of VAP. CONCLUSION: This study will help nurses to learn about VAP and its prevention in detail so that they can apply the knowledge in clinical practice. Understanding the pathophysiology of VAP, its risk factors and the nursing care bundle is essential for appropriate prevention and treatment of VAP. Specific protocols, strategies, and active control should be available in each ICU regarding the care bundle.
背景:呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)是危重患者中最常见的感染，死亡率最高。它延长了通气时间和住院时间，增加了抗生素的消耗，增加了死亡的可能性，增加了治疗费用，并且难以诊断。目的:在卢布尔雅那肿瘤研究所重症监护病房(ICU)，我们前瞻性地监测VAP的危险因素及其发病率。这是一个外科/内科混合ICU。方法:采用某疾病预防控制中心制定的VAP诊断标准和VAP预防策略。注册护士在所有三班记录所有插管患者的危险因素，在疑似VAP的情况下，由医生完成诊断方案。结果:VAP的预期发生率约为18/ 1000通气d。2021年，我院ICU机械通气患者67例(当年完成通气患者)。通气总时间为17143 h (714.3 d)。由于呼吸机辅助肺炎(VAP)的诊断标准为通气48 h以上，我们排除了19例通气时间不超过48 h的患者。48例患者通气时间为bbbb48 h，总通气时间为16765 h，共计698.5天。我们在714天记录了8个VAP，即每89天通气1个VAP或11.2/ 1000通气天。医护人员，特别是注册护士，在预防VAP方面发挥着重要作用，每天、每周、每天都提供护理。大多数预防干预措施和策略是常规护理的一部分。护士缺乏关于感染预防和适当护理的知识，可能成为遵守以证据为基础的VAP预防指南的障碍。结论:本研究有助于护士深入了解VAP及其预防知识，并将其应用于临床实践。了解VAP的病理生理、危险因素和护理对VAP的合理预防和治疗至关重要。针对护理包，每个ICU都应提供具体的方案、策略和主动控制。
{"title":"Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit of the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana in 2021 and the Role of Nurses in its Prevention","authors":"Sabina Medjedovic, T. Jurca, Milena Kerin Povšič","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11470","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common infection in critically ill patients and has the highest mortality. It prolongs ventilation time and length of stay, increases antibiotic consumption, increases the likelihood of death, increases the cost of treatment, and is difficult to diagnose.\u0000AIM: At the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, we prospectively monitor risk factors for VAP and its incidence. It is a mixed surgical/internal ICU.\u0000METHODS: A centers of disease control and prevention VAP diagnosis criteria and strategies to prevent VAP were used. Registered nurses recorded risk factors in all intubated patients in all three shifts, and the diagnosis protocol was completed by the physician in case of antibiotic administration in suspected VAP.\u0000RESULTS: The expected incidence of VAP is around 18/1,000 ventilated days. In 2021, 67 patients were mechanically ventilated in our ICU (patients who completed ventilation in that year). The total time spent on ventilation was 17,143 h or 714.3 days. As the criteria for ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) is >48 h of ventilation, we excluded 19 patients who had been ventilated for 48 h or less. Among 48 patients who were ventilated for > 48 h, the total ventilation was 16,765 h or 698.5 days. We recorded 8 VAP in 714 days, which is 1 VAP per 89 days of ventilation or 11.2/1,000 ventilation days. Healthcare staff, especially registered nurses, play a major role in VAP prevention, providing care every day, all days of the week. Most prevention interventions and strategies are part of routine nursing care. Lack of knowledge about infection prevention and appropriate nursing care among nurses can become a barrier to adherence to evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of VAP.\u0000CONCLUSION: This study will help nurses to learn about VAP and its prevention in detail so that they can apply the knowledge in clinical practice. Understanding the pathophysiology of VAP, its risk factors and the nursing care bundle is essential for appropriate prevention and treatment of VAP. Specific protocols, strategies, and active control should be available in each ICU regarding the care bundle.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43820021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-02DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.10916
Adiet Wahyu Kristian, I.G.N. Bagus Andhika Pramana, A.A. Ngurah Krisna Dwipayana, I Ketut Suyasa, I.G.N. Wien Aryana
BACKGROUND: Neglected femoral neck fractures in young adults (age <60) pose a major challenge in terms of appropriate treatments for each specific condition. AIM: The objective of this case report is to explain the presentation of neglected femoral neck fractures and its clinical consequences and to discuss the management of the disease. CASE PRESENTATION: This case presents a 14-year-old male with neglected displaced fracture of femoral neck, which was successfully managed by closed reduction and internal fixation with two cannulated screws and non- vascularized fibular strut graft. CONCLUSION: Femoral neck fractures in young adults are considered as a rare fracture case, eventually it was associated with serious complications. The management of this type of fractures in children is challenging, particularly that of a neglected fracture. Fibular strut graft with two cannulated hip screws for neglected femoral neck fractures in children considered to be cost-effective and technically less demanding as well as associated with good outcomes.
{"title":"Fibular Strut Graft with Cannulated Hip Screw of Neglected Femoral Neck Fracture in a Young Adult: A Case Report","authors":"Adiet Wahyu Kristian, I.G.N. Bagus Andhika Pramana, A.A. Ngurah Krisna Dwipayana, I Ketut Suyasa, I.G.N. Wien Aryana","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.10916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.10916","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Neglected femoral neck fractures in young adults (age <60) pose a major challenge in terms of appropriate treatments for each specific condition. AIM: The objective of this case report is to explain the presentation of neglected femoral neck fractures and its clinical consequences and to discuss the management of the disease. CASE PRESENTATION: This case presents a 14-year-old male with neglected displaced fracture of femoral neck, which was successfully managed by closed reduction and internal fixation with two cannulated screws and non- vascularized fibular strut graft. CONCLUSION: Femoral neck fractures in young adults are considered as a rare fracture case, eventually it was associated with serious complications. The management of this type of fractures in children is challenging, particularly that of a neglected fracture. Fibular strut graft with two cannulated hip screws for neglected femoral neck fractures in children considered to be cost-effective and technically less demanding as well as associated with good outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135772067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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