Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11739
Bernadet Maria Sanjaya, Achmad Soefyani, Nanang Miftah Fajari, Wiwit Agung Sri Nur Cahyawati, M. Rudiansyah
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease can affect the digestive system and cause gastrointestinal manifestations. The increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) correlates with the severity of the disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful prognostic factor in the early screening of patients with COVID-19. A low lymphocyte count can also predict gastrointestinal involvement. AIM: This study aims to determine the correlation between TLC, CRP, and NLR levels on gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients treated at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design. Data were taken consecutively using the medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal manifestations. The number of subjects in this study was 88 patients. RESULTS: A decrease in TLC levels (<1740 g/dL) was not proven to have a significant correlation with gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients (p = 0.176). Increased levels of CRP (>48 mg/L) had a significant correlation by 5.71 times compared to subjects who did not experience increased CRP (p < 0.00001). Increased levels of the NLR (>6 mg/L) had a significant correlation by 2.82 times compared to subjects who did not experience an increase in NLR (p = 0.032). CONCLISION: An increase in CRP levels >48 mg/L and levels of NLR >6, respectively, allowed the subject to experience gastrointestinal symptoms by 5.71 times and 2.82 times when infected with COVID-19, while a decrease in total lymphocyte count <1740 was not proven to have a significant correlation with gastrointestinal manifestations.
{"title":"Correlation between Total Lymphocyte Count, C Reactive Protein, and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio Levels with Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Covid-19 Patients Treated at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin","authors":"Bernadet Maria Sanjaya, Achmad Soefyani, Nanang Miftah Fajari, Wiwit Agung Sri Nur Cahyawati, M. Rudiansyah","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11739","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease can affect the digestive system and cause gastrointestinal manifestations. The increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) correlates with the severity of the disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful prognostic factor in the early screening of patients with COVID-19. A low lymphocyte count can also predict gastrointestinal involvement. AIM: This study aims to determine the correlation between TLC, CRP, and NLR levels on gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients treated at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design. Data were taken consecutively using the medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal manifestations. The number of subjects in this study was 88 patients. RESULTS: A decrease in TLC levels (<1740 g/dL) was not proven to have a significant correlation with gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients (p = 0.176). Increased levels of CRP (>48 mg/L) had a significant correlation by 5.71 times compared to subjects who did not experience increased CRP (p < 0.00001). Increased levels of the NLR (>6 mg/L) had a significant correlation by 2.82 times compared to subjects who did not experience an increase in NLR (p = 0.032). CONCLISION: An increase in CRP levels >48 mg/L and levels of NLR >6, respectively, allowed the subject to experience gastrointestinal symptoms by 5.71 times and 2.82 times when infected with COVID-19, while a decrease in total lymphocyte count <1740 was not proven to have a significant correlation with gastrointestinal manifestations.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139355369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-22DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11733
S. Radeva
BACKGROUND: Communication is an art, a complex of methods of speaking, transmitting, perceiving information, and intentions. The elements of communication have an impact on the subjects and the processes taking place. Obstetric care has its specifics and is sensitive to the content of information, the participants in the process of communication, and the way of perception. AIM: The aim of this study is to differentiate the communication relationships of healthcare professionals in obstetric structures with patients, improving the safety of obstetric care. The subject of the study is medical specialists and patients from three obstetric structures in Sofia. Varna. Sociological methods of survey and observation are used. METHODS: The data are processed using sociological methods that are used in survey. The data are processed with Microsoft Word and Excel. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A survey was conducted among 206 respondents-healthcare professionals and patients. About 38.09% of healthcare professionals rated communication as very good and 36.07% of patients as good. The problems in communication for the medics are as follows: large administrative activity; workload; incompleteness of the information received; and lack of time for communication. In patients, problems refer to misunderstanding of the information received, insufficient time to communicate with doctors, lack of empathy, and poor attitude. According to pregnant women, the leading factors for good obstetric care are personal attention, good communication with specialists, detailed information, and support. CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals must be able to conduct proper and patient-centered communication to provide them with the care that they want and need. Using the right communication strategies can help patients feel heard, and encourage them to provide accurate and relevant information so they can assist during the healing process.
背景：传播是一门艺术，是说话、传递、感知信息和意图的综合方法。交流的要素对交流的主体和过程都有影响。产科护理有其特殊性，对信息内容、交流过程的参与者和感知方式都很敏感。目的：本研究旨在区分产科机构中医护人员与患者的沟通关系，提高产科护理的安全性。研究对象是索非亚三个产科机构的医疗专家和患者。瓦尔纳。研究采用了调查和观察的社会学方法。方法：使用调查中使用的社会学方法处理数据。数据使用 Microsoft Word 和 Excel 进行处理。结果与讨论：对 206 名受访者（医疗保健专业人员和患者）进行了调查。约 38.09% 的医护人员将沟通评为 "非常好"，36.07% 的患者将沟通评为 "好"。医护人员在沟通方面存在的问题如下：行政活动多；工作量大；收到的信息不完整；缺乏沟通时间。在患者方面，问题主要是对所获信息的误解、与医生沟通的时间不足、缺乏同情心和态度差。孕妇认为，良好产科护理的主要因素是个人关注、与专家的良好沟通、详细的信息和支持。结论：医护人员必须能够进行适当的、以患者为中心的沟通，为患者提供他们想要和需要的护理。使用正确的沟通策略可以让患者感觉自己的意见被倾听，并鼓励他们提供准确和相关的信息，从而在治疗过程中提供帮助。
{"title":"Importance of Communication in Obstetric Practice","authors":"S. Radeva","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11733","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Communication is an art, a complex of methods of speaking, transmitting, perceiving information, and intentions. The elements of communication have an impact on the subjects and the processes taking place. Obstetric care has its specifics and is sensitive to the content of information, the participants in the process of communication, and the way of perception. AIM: The aim of this study is to differentiate the communication relationships of healthcare professionals in obstetric structures with patients, improving the safety of obstetric care. The subject of the study is medical specialists and patients from three obstetric structures in Sofia. Varna. Sociological methods of survey and observation are used. METHODS: The data are processed using sociological methods that are used in survey. The data are processed with Microsoft Word and Excel. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A survey was conducted among 206 respondents-healthcare professionals and patients. About 38.09% of healthcare professionals rated communication as very good and 36.07% of patients as good. The problems in communication for the medics are as follows: large administrative activity; workload; incompleteness of the information received; and lack of time for communication. In patients, problems refer to misunderstanding of the information received, insufficient time to communicate with doctors, lack of empathy, and poor attitude. According to pregnant women, the leading factors for good obstetric care are personal attention, good communication with specialists, detailed information, and support. CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals must be able to conduct proper and patient-centered communication to provide them with the care that they want and need. Using the right communication strategies can help patients feel heard, and encourage them to provide accurate and relevant information so they can assist during the healing process.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139356560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-21DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11214
Wayan Artana Putra
Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and can affect fetal conditions such as inhibition of intrauterine growth, premature labor, placental abruption, fetal distress, and, worst of all, intrauterine fetal death. In contrast to the decreasing incidence of pregnancies with infection, preeclampsia did not decrease significantly during the past two decades. Prevention of preeclampsia is an effort that is currently being intensively carried out to reduce morbidity and mortality of pregnant women. Prophylactic administration of low-dose aspirin (81 mg/day) is recommended in women with a high risk of preeclampsia. It should be started between 12 weeks of gestation to 18 weeks (optimal before 16 weeks). Aspirin has been shown to be safe for the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. Treatment with aspirin also did not increase the risk of developing congenital malformations and had no adverse effect on fetal development or bleeding complications during the neonatal period.
{"title":"Screening Preeclampsia and the Role of Low Dose Aspirin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia","authors":"Wayan Artana Putra","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11214","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and can affect fetal conditions such as inhibition of intrauterine growth, premature labor, placental abruption, fetal distress, and, worst of all, intrauterine fetal death. In contrast to the decreasing incidence of pregnancies with infection, preeclampsia did not decrease significantly during the past two decades. Prevention of preeclampsia is an effort that is currently being intensively carried out to reduce morbidity and mortality of pregnant women. Prophylactic administration of low-dose aspirin (81 mg/day) is recommended in women with a high risk of preeclampsia. It should be started between 12 weeks of gestation to 18 weeks (optimal before 16 weeks). Aspirin has been shown to be safe for the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. Treatment with aspirin also did not increase the risk of developing congenital malformations and had no adverse effect on fetal development or bleeding complications during the neonatal period.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139356738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11630
Sri Mulyani, A. Saifullah, Kadek Dewi Cahyani, Anastasia Suci Sukmawati, Salsabilla Rohadatul Aisy
BACKGROUND: The population of persons with dementia (PwD) in Indonesia is increasing. As future nurses, it is important to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students because they can affect the quality of health services for PwD. However, no instrument is available in the Indonesian language through a good, valid, and reliable translation process. AIM: The aim is to report the translational process and determine the validity and reliability of the Indonesian dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS) and dementia attitude scale (DAS) questionnaires in nursing students. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 486 nursing students from two universities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Brislin method was used to translate DKAS and DAS, then continued with content (involved four experts using items-content validity index [I-CVI]), face, and construct validity tests, as well as reliability tests using Cronbach’s alpha. RESULTS: The I-CVI results were 1.00 for DKAS and 0.98 for DAS, demonstrating a good construct validity index. In addition, the reliability testing had good results, whereas Cronbach’s alpha of the DKAS was 0.713, while DAS was 0.779. CONCLUSION: DKAS and DAS in the Indonesian language are considered valid and reliable to measure nursing student’s knowledge and attitudes toward PwD.
{"title":"Validity and Reliability of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale and Dementia Attitude Scale in the Indonesian Language among Nursing Students","authors":"Sri Mulyani, A. Saifullah, Kadek Dewi Cahyani, Anastasia Suci Sukmawati, Salsabilla Rohadatul Aisy","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11630","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The population of persons with dementia (PwD) in Indonesia is increasing. As future nurses, it is important to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students because they can affect the quality of health services for PwD. However, no instrument is available in the Indonesian language through a good, valid, and reliable translation process. AIM: The aim is to report the translational process and determine the validity and reliability of the Indonesian dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS) and dementia attitude scale (DAS) questionnaires in nursing students. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 486 nursing students from two universities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Brislin method was used to translate DKAS and DAS, then continued with content (involved four experts using items-content validity index [I-CVI]), face, and construct validity tests, as well as reliability tests using Cronbach’s alpha. RESULTS: The I-CVI results were 1.00 for DKAS and 0.98 for DAS, demonstrating a good construct validity index. In addition, the reliability testing had good results, whereas Cronbach’s alpha of the DKAS was 0.713, while DAS was 0.779. CONCLUSION: DKAS and DAS in the Indonesian language are considered valid and reliable to measure nursing student’s knowledge and attitudes toward PwD.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139357273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11657
A. Quarshie, A. Anno, R. Djagbletey, Pokua Sarpong, Daniel Sottie, Brenda J. Phillips, Phyllis Demi Lassey, George Aryee, Raymond Essuman, Ebenezer Owusu Darkwa
BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia is the recommended technique for cesarean section. It is easy to perform and provides a reliable, safe, effective, and fast sensory and motor block of high quality. Hypotension, which can be deleterious to both mother and baby, is however a common side effect. Preloading has not been shown to consistently prevent spinal-induced hypotension. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare coloading with preloading using crystalloids for preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in parturients undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-blinded, randomized, and controlled study was conducted on 88 patients at term scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Parturients were randomly assigned to receive a preload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate (Group P) before the spinal anesthetic or a coload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringers Lactate (Group C) at the time of the spinal procedure. Blood pressure, heart rate, incidence and timing of nausea and vomiting, and amount and frequency of vasopressor used were recorded for the first 10 minutes post-spinal anesthesia. Neonatal Apgar scores were determined at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. RESULTS: The two groups were comparable with respect to age, weight, height, gestational age, ASA classification, baseline hemodynamic measurements, time to onset of hypotension, and time to delivery of baby post-spinal anesthesia. Post-spinal anesthesia changes in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were also comparable between the two groups. None of the patients in both groups experienced nausea or vomiting without hypotension. Although the cumulative dose of ephedrine to treat hypotension in the preload group was higher compared to the coload group, the difference was not statistically significant (16.3 vs. 12.4; p-value = 0.110). CONCLUSION: Preloading and coloading with 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate are comparable but neither is effective alone for preventing spinal-induced hypotension in the obstetric population. A vasopressor regimen is required to improve efficacy of the fluid load for preventing spinal-induced hypotension.
{"title":"Comparison of Crystalloid Preloading and Coloading for Prevention of Spinal-induced Hypotension in Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial at a Tertiary Facility in Ghana","authors":"A. Quarshie, A. Anno, R. Djagbletey, Pokua Sarpong, Daniel Sottie, Brenda J. Phillips, Phyllis Demi Lassey, George Aryee, Raymond Essuman, Ebenezer Owusu Darkwa","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11657","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia is the recommended technique for cesarean section. It is easy to perform and provides a reliable, safe, effective, and fast sensory and motor block of high quality. Hypotension, which can be deleterious to both mother and baby, is however a common side effect. Preloading has not been shown to consistently prevent spinal-induced hypotension. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare coloading with preloading using crystalloids for preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in parturients undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-blinded, randomized, and controlled study was conducted on 88 patients at term scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Parturients were randomly assigned to receive a preload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate (Group P) before the spinal anesthetic or a coload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringers Lactate (Group C) at the time of the spinal procedure. Blood pressure, heart rate, incidence and timing of nausea and vomiting, and amount and frequency of vasopressor used were recorded for the first 10 minutes post-spinal anesthesia. Neonatal Apgar scores were determined at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. RESULTS: The two groups were comparable with respect to age, weight, height, gestational age, ASA classification, baseline hemodynamic measurements, time to onset of hypotension, and time to delivery of baby post-spinal anesthesia. Post-spinal anesthesia changes in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were also comparable between the two groups. None of the patients in both groups experienced nausea or vomiting without hypotension. Although the cumulative dose of ephedrine to treat hypotension in the preload group was higher compared to the coload group, the difference was not statistically significant (16.3 vs. 12.4; p-value = 0.110). CONCLUSION: Preloading and coloading with 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate are comparable but neither is effective alone for preventing spinal-induced hypotension in the obstetric population. A vasopressor regimen is required to improve efficacy of the fluid load for preventing spinal-induced hypotension.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139358481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11224
Andi Asadul Islam, Juliani Ibrahim, Venansius R. Kurniawan
AIM: Clinical trials using hemostatic T-Hemovine derived from bovine gelatin, to stop bleeding during surgery was performed. METHODS: Twenty (20) patients (aged 8 months–70 years) who underwent neurosurgery at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital, from September 16, to December 13, 2019, are willing to receive T-Hemovine to control bleeding. RESULTS: This approach was successfully used in twenty patients. Four patients stopped bleeding at the 3rd min (20%), nineteen patients stopped bleeding at the 5th min or less (95%) and twenty patients stopped bleeding before the 10th min (100%). There were no post-operative bleeding events, no infection, and no other post-operative complications. CONCLUSION: Therefore, there is no effect, and the safety of using T-Hemovine hemostatic is the same as the effect and safety of using surgeon hemostatic and other hemostatic.
{"title":"Efficacy of T-HEMOVINE as Topical Hemostatic Agent: A Clinical Study","authors":"Andi Asadul Islam, Juliani Ibrahim, Venansius R. Kurniawan","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11224","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: Clinical trials using hemostatic T-Hemovine derived from bovine gelatin, to stop bleeding during surgery was performed. METHODS: Twenty (20) patients (aged 8 months–70 years) who underwent neurosurgery at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital, from September 16, to December 13, 2019, are willing to receive T-Hemovine to control bleeding. RESULTS: This approach was successfully used in twenty patients. Four patients stopped bleeding at the 3rd min (20%), nineteen patients stopped bleeding at the 5th min or less (95%) and twenty patients stopped bleeding before the 10th min (100%). There were no post-operative bleeding events, no infection, and no other post-operative complications. CONCLUSION: Therefore, there is no effect, and the safety of using T-Hemovine hemostatic is the same as the effect and safety of using surgeon hemostatic and other hemostatic.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11650
S. Adekenov, Václav Mareška, Vladimir Ivanov, O. V. Maslova, Aidos Doskaliyev, M. Shaidarov, V. Spiwok, S. Stojanoski
BACKGROUND: Despite the available range of lipid-lowering drugs, mainly of synthetic origin, the problem of atherosclerosis therapy and its manifestations remain unresolved. Bioinformatics methods, in particular molecular docking, are considered as a promising direction in terms of developing effective original lipid-lowering drugs. Today, as a promising source of natural lipid-lowering agents, it is advisable to consider natural terpenoids, namely sesquiterpene lactones, which are distinguished by a wide range of pharmacological activity. This article presents the results of a virtual and biological screening of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their chemically modified derivatives. AIM: The aim is to evaluate the lipid-lowering properties of samples of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives by virtual and biological screening methods. METHODS: Molecular modeling of the binding energy of the “ligand-target” complex (docking). Molecular docking of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives was performed using the Glide program from the developer of the Schrodinger Small-Molecule Drug Discovery package using the Extra Precision algorithm (https://www.schrodinger.com/glide). The effect of sesquiterpene lactones on the expression of genes for key enzymes of lipid metabolism in the liver was studied in an in vivo model of hyperlipidemia caused by an atherogenic diet. CONCLUSION: Virtual screening of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives by molecular docking revealed a number of promising compounds (matricin, matricarin, grossmisin oxime, austricin oxime, 5β (H)-austricin) receptor interactions on the enzyme system cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). New mechanisms of lipid-lowering activity for sesquiterpene γ-lactones were proposed, which were established in the study of gene expression of key enzymes of lipid metabolism in the liver in a model of hyperlipidemia caused by an atherogenic diet in rats under in vivo conditions.
{"title":"Hypolipidemic Activity of Sesquiterpene Lactones and their Derivatives","authors":"S. Adekenov, Václav Mareška, Vladimir Ivanov, O. V. Maslova, Aidos Doskaliyev, M. Shaidarov, V. Spiwok, S. Stojanoski","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11650","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite the available range of lipid-lowering drugs, mainly of synthetic origin, the problem of atherosclerosis therapy and its manifestations remain unresolved. Bioinformatics methods, in particular molecular docking, are considered as a promising direction in terms of developing effective original lipid-lowering drugs. Today, as a promising source of natural lipid-lowering agents, it is advisable to consider natural terpenoids, namely sesquiterpene lactones, which are distinguished by a wide range of pharmacological activity. This article presents the results of a virtual and biological screening of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their chemically modified derivatives.\u0000AIM: The aim is to evaluate the lipid-lowering properties of samples of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives by virtual and biological screening methods.\u0000METHODS: Molecular modeling of the binding energy of the “ligand-target” complex (docking). Molecular docking of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives was performed using the Glide program from the developer of the Schrodinger Small-Molecule Drug Discovery package using the Extra Precision algorithm (https://www.schrodinger.com/glide). The effect of sesquiterpene lactones on the expression of genes for key enzymes of lipid metabolism in the liver was studied in an in vivo model of hyperlipidemia caused by an atherogenic diet.\u0000CONCLUSION: Virtual screening of the lipid-lowering activity of sesquiterpene γ-lactones and their derivatives by molecular docking revealed a number of promising compounds (matricin, matricarin, grossmisin oxime, austricin oxime, 5β (H)-austricin) receptor interactions on the enzyme system cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). New mechanisms of lipid-lowering activity for sesquiterpene γ-lactones were proposed, which were established in the study of gene expression of key enzymes of lipid metabolism in the liver in a model of hyperlipidemia caused by an atherogenic diet in rats under in vivo conditions.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45536512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Coagulopathy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients causes a prothrombotic state that increases the risk of thromboembolism. The Padua score and coagulopathy parameter including D-dimer values, fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and platelet counts are very important parameters to determine risk of thrombosis and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. AIM: This study aimed to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with Padua score and coagulopathy parameters. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in tertiary university hospital, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, Indonesia from October 2020 to July 2021. Patients admitted with final diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed with positive reverse transcriptase-polymer chain reaction test were included in the study. The data were refined by excluding the patients under 18 years old and the patients with no blood test results, D-dimer values, fibrinogen values, PT values, aPTT values, and platelet counts. The association of Padua score and coagulopathy parameters with survival of COVID-19 patients was analyzed by multivariate cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis. RESULTS: The probability of survival on day 14 in patients with Padua score <4, D-dimer <0.5 mg/dl, PT ≤16 s, aPTT ≤39 s, and platelets >150,000/μL was 100%, 100%, 84.6%, 81.5%, and 81.4%, respectively. COVID-19 survival was influenced by Padua score ≥4 (heart rate [HR] = 4.199; CI 95% 2.221–7.936), D-dimer ≥0.5 mg/L (HR = 4.772; CI 95% 2.244–10.147), PT >16 s (HR = 2.124; CI 95% 1.608–2.805), aPTT >39 s (HR = 1.449; CI 95% 1.080–1.943), and platelet count <150000/μL (HR = 2.056; CI 95% 1.489–2.840). Padua score has the highest probability of mortality compared to the other coagulopathy parameters (p < 0.001; HR = 3.655; CI 95% 1.927–6.932). CONCLUSION: There was an association of Padua score, D-dimer value, PT value, aPTT value, and platelet count on survival of COVID-19 patients. Padua score being the most influential variable on survivals.
{"title":"Padua Score and Coagulopathy Parameters on Survival of COVID-19 Patients at Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado","authors":"Linda Rotty, Cecilia Hendratta, Viky Damay, Harlinda Haroen, Pearla Lasut, Windy Wariki","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11583","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Coagulopathy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients causes a prothrombotic state that increases the risk of thromboembolism. The Padua score and coagulopathy parameter including D-dimer values, fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and platelet counts are very important parameters to determine risk of thrombosis and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. AIM: This study aimed to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with Padua score and coagulopathy parameters. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in tertiary university hospital, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, Indonesia from October 2020 to July 2021. Patients admitted with final diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed with positive reverse transcriptase-polymer chain reaction test were included in the study. The data were refined by excluding the patients under 18 years old and the patients with no blood test results, D-dimer values, fibrinogen values, PT values, aPTT values, and platelet counts. The association of Padua score and coagulopathy parameters with survival of COVID-19 patients was analyzed by multivariate cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis. RESULTS: The probability of survival on day 14 in patients with Padua score <4, D-dimer <0.5 mg/dl, PT ≤16 s, aPTT ≤39 s, and platelets >150,000/μL was 100%, 100%, 84.6%, 81.5%, and 81.4%, respectively. COVID-19 survival was influenced by Padua score ≥4 (heart rate [HR] = 4.199; CI 95% 2.221–7.936), D-dimer ≥0.5 mg/L (HR = 4.772; CI 95% 2.244–10.147), PT >16 s (HR = 2.124; CI 95% 1.608–2.805), aPTT >39 s (HR = 1.449; CI 95% 1.080–1.943), and platelet count <150000/μL (HR = 2.056; CI 95% 1.489–2.840). Padua score has the highest probability of mortality compared to the other coagulopathy parameters (p < 0.001; HR = 3.655; CI 95% 1.927–6.932). CONCLUSION: There was an association of Padua score, D-dimer value, PT value, aPTT value, and platelet count on survival of COVID-19 patients. Padua score being the most influential variable on survivals.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11699
Djallalluddin Djallalluddin, Muhammad Darwin Prenggono, Nanang Miftah Fajari, Mohammad Rudiansyah, Loudry Elfa
BACKGROUND: QT prolongation in COVID-19 infection may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammation, ischemia, hypoxia, and the administration of drugs related to COVID-19. This condition is associated with a poor prognosis due to an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest. METHODS: This study used an observational case-control design. Data were obtained consecutively using medical records of COVID-19 patients confirmed through RT-PCR swabs who died (case) and survived (control) at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. The number of samples in this study was 138 patients. The independent variables were prolonged QT interval (>430 m/s or QTc >450 m/s) and normal QT interval, while the dependent variable was the mortality of COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: QT prolongation significantly increased the risk of death by 4 times (OR 4.48; 95% CI = 2.162-9.280; p = 0.000) compared to COVID-19 patients with normal QT intervals. DISCUSSION: Prolonged QT intervals increased the risk of death in COVID-19 patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. These findings are in accordance with several other studies where this variable might be used as a prognostic factor in the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Prolonged QT intervals are associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin.
背景:COVID-19感染患者QT间期延长可能与SARS-CoV-2感染、炎症、缺血、缺氧以及COVID-19相关药物的使用有关。由于室性心律失常和心脏骤停的风险增加，这种情况与预后不良有关。方法:本研究采用观察性病例-对照设计。利用班贾尔马辛市乌林总医院通过RT-PCR拭子确诊的COVID-19患者的医疗记录连续获得数据，这些患者死亡(病例)和存活(对照组)。本研究样本数量为138例。自变量为QT间期延长(>430 m/s或QTc >450 m/s)和正常QT间期，因变量为COVID-19患者死亡率。结果:QT延长使死亡风险显著增加4倍(OR 4.48;95% ci = 2.162-9.280;p = 0.000)与QT间期正常的COVID-19患者相比。讨论:延长QT间期增加了Banjarmasin乌林总医院COVID-19患者的死亡风险。这些发现与其他几项研究一致，在这些研究中，这一变量可能被用作住院COVID-19患者死亡率的预后因素。结论:延长QT间期与Banjarmasin市Ulin医院COVID-19患者的死亡率相关。
{"title":"Relationship between Prolonged QT Interval and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin","authors":"Djallalluddin Djallalluddin, Muhammad Darwin Prenggono, Nanang Miftah Fajari, Mohammad Rudiansyah, Loudry Elfa","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11699","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: QT prolongation in COVID-19 infection may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammation, ischemia, hypoxia, and the administration of drugs related to COVID-19. This condition is associated with a poor prognosis due to an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest. METHODS: This study used an observational case-control design. Data were obtained consecutively using medical records of COVID-19 patients confirmed through RT-PCR swabs who died (case) and survived (control) at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. The number of samples in this study was 138 patients. The independent variables were prolonged QT interval (>430 m/s or QTc >450 m/s) and normal QT interval, while the dependent variable was the mortality of COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: QT prolongation significantly increased the risk of death by 4 times (OR 4.48; 95% CI = 2.162-9.280; p = 0.000) compared to COVID-19 patients with normal QT intervals. DISCUSSION: Prolonged QT intervals increased the risk of death in COVID-19 patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. These findings are in accordance with several other studies where this variable might be used as a prognostic factor in the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Prolonged QT intervals are associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136300332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11689
I. Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya
Cervical cancer is one of the post-translational modification where the incidence has continued to increase in the past 10 years. Cervical cancer screening using a single visit approach (SVA) model for prevention of cervical cancer through an isovaleric acidemia (IVA) examination followed by cryotherapy treatment or referral to a higher service. The SVA approach model is still not effective for increasing cervical cancer screening coverage. The one shot method is an IVA model development design that is integrated with IUD insertion. Based on experience, an IVA examination can be carried out simultaneously with pre-insertion, installation, and post-insertion IUD services. The one shot method for IUD acceptors can provide two benefits in one service and can be done at first-level health facilities.
{"title":"Integrated Acetic Acid Visual Inspection with Installation or Examination of Intrauterine Contraception Devices: Literature Review","authors":"I. Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11689","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is one of the post-translational modification where the incidence has continued to increase in the past 10 years. Cervical cancer screening using a single visit approach (SVA) model for prevention of cervical cancer through an isovaleric acidemia (IVA) examination followed by cryotherapy treatment or referral to a higher service. The SVA approach model is still not effective for increasing cervical cancer screening coverage. The one shot method is an IVA model development design that is integrated with IUD insertion. Based on experience, an IVA examination can be carried out simultaneously with pre-insertion, installation, and post-insertion IUD services. The one shot method for IUD acceptors can provide two benefits in one service and can be done at first-level health facilities.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136084700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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