Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11618
Melati Sudiro, Arif Dermawan, Alfira Ulfa
AIM: This study aims to determine serum 25(OH)D levels in children with chronic tonsillitis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung General Hospital. METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with chronic tonsillitis aged 3–15 years from August 26, 2021, to April 26, 2022. The exclusion criteria include children who consumed Vitamin D for the past month, are in ongoing treatment for chronic tonsillitis, and have comorbidities that affect Vitamin D serum. Characteristics were taken from anamnesis, while Vitamin D serum was analyzed using the ELISA method, then data were presented in numbers and percentages. RESULTS: The average serum level of 25(OH)D was 16.43 ± 3.5 ng/mL. All 44 subjects suffered from a lack of Vitamin D, categorized as deficiency, insufficiency, and severe deficiency, at 72.7%, 22.7%, and 4.6%, respectively. The majority of the cases were boys compared to girls, with 70.5% and 29.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: All children with chronic tonsillitis were found to have 25(OH)D serum below the normal level, with an average of 16.43 ± 3.5 ng/mL, especially in boys aged 3–10 years.
{"title":"The Average of Serum 25(OH)D in Children with Chronic Tonsillitis","authors":"Melati Sudiro, Arif Dermawan, Alfira Ulfa","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11618","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: This study aims to determine serum 25(OH)D levels in children with chronic tonsillitis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung General Hospital.\u0000METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with chronic tonsillitis aged\u00003–15 years from August 26, 2021, to April 26, 2022. The exclusion criteria include children who consumed Vitamin D for the past month, are in ongoing treatment for chronic tonsillitis, and have comorbidities that affect Vitamin D serum. Characteristics were taken from anamnesis, while Vitamin D serum was analyzed using the ELISA method, then data were presented in numbers and percentages.\u0000RESULTS: The average serum level of 25(OH)D was 16.43 ± 3.5 ng/mL. All 44 subjects suffered from a lack of Vitamin D, categorized as deficiency, insufficiency, and severe deficiency, at 72.7%, 22.7%, and 4.6%, respectively. The majority of the cases were boys compared to girls, with 70.5% and 29.5%, respectively.\u0000CONCLUSION: All children with chronic tonsillitis were found to have 25(OH)D serum below the normal level, with an average of 16.43 ± 3.5 ng/mL, especially in boys aged 3–10 years.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42570729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11617
Christiyan Naydenov, Ivan Stanchev Mindov
AIM: Epilepsy is a socially significant neurological disease spread all over the world. Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the most used antiepileptic drug (AED) for treatment which has some side effects on hematology field. A nowadays update to the adult safety information is needed. The current aim is to conduct a cross-sectional study and to describe the hematology profile of adults with epilepsy treated by VPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data collection was done retrospectively and includes characteristics of the subjects such as age, gender, electroencephalography (EEG) finding, duration of VPA treatment, type of treatment, and hematology profile. We report 50 subjects treated by VPA at least 1 year. RESULTS: The mean age is 46, 4 years, 50% male and 50% female. About 92% were generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Seven percent were partial complex epilepsy. Twenty-four EEG results were abnormal (48%). We found 4 cases (7%) of thrombocytopenia at therapeutic dose and 8 cases (16%) of mild anemia. DISCUSSION: Gender differences were eliminated by having the same number of participants of each gender. The EEG findings were almost equally normal and abnormal. Reported drug reactions due to VPA were thrombocytopenia and anemia. Thrombocytopenia requires discontinuation of VPA.
{"title":"The Hematology Profiles of Adults Affiliated with Epilepsy after Receiving Valproic Acid Therapy","authors":"Christiyan Naydenov, Ivan Stanchev Mindov","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11617","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: Epilepsy is a socially significant neurological disease spread all over the world. Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the most used antiepileptic drug (AED) for treatment which has some side effects on hematology field. A nowadays update to the adult safety information is needed. The current aim is to conduct a cross-sectional study and to describe the hematology profile of adults with epilepsy treated by VPA.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data collection was done retrospectively and includes characteristics of the subjects such as age, gender, electroencephalography (EEG) finding, duration of VPA treatment, type of treatment, and hematology profile. We report 50 subjects treated by VPA at least 1 year.\u0000RESULTS: The mean age is 46, 4 years, 50% male and 50% female. About 92% were generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Seven percent were partial complex epilepsy. Twenty-four EEG results were abnormal (48%). We found 4 cases (7%) of thrombocytopenia at therapeutic dose and 8 cases (16%) of mild anemia.\u0000DISCUSSION: Gender differences were eliminated by having the same number of participants of each gender. The EEG findings were almost equally normal and abnormal. Reported drug reactions due to VPA were thrombocytopenia and anemia. Thrombocytopenia requires discontinuation of VPA.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43777493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11672
Edwin Adhi Darmawan Batubara, Angela Bonita, Umar Abdul Hamid, Aditya Sembiring
BACKGROUND: Univentricular congenital heart disease (CHD) is an anatomical heart defect where one of the ventricles does not develop. Management of univentricular defects is performed gradually; bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) is one of the surgical approaches conducted before the definite treatment in the Fontan procedure. Therefore, the average rate of pulmonary artery pressure and vasculature resistance is critical factors in determining good post-surgical outcomes. However, studies exploring the evidence that sildenafil administration can reduce pulmonary pressure in patients with univentricular defects are currently limited. AIM: This evidence-based case report aims to investigate whether sildenafil administration toward post-BCPS patients reduces mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) before undergoing the Fontan procedure. METHODS: Available evidence was screened through four databases in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ProQuest on October 9, 2022. The keywords used were (((((single Ventricle) OR univentricular heart) AND BCPS) OR Glenn) AND sildenafil) AND hemodynamic. A result of three cohorts and one clinical trial was identified and critically appraised. RESULTS: Analytical testing of the two studies by Park I and Jeremiasen et al. shows that sildenafil significantly reduces mPAP from 19.5 ± 5.5 mmHg to 14.3 ± 3.0 mmHg (p = 0.023) and from 19 mmHg (SD = 3) to 14 mmHg (SD = 2) (p < 0.01). The studies from Hill KD and Mori et al. illustrate that sildenafil significantly reduces the PVR index by as much as 24% (p < 0.01) and from 3.2 ± 0.5 wood unit to 1.6 ± 0.6 wood unit (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The administration of sildenafil decreases pulmonary artery pressure and vasculature resistance in post-BCPS pediatric patients, allowing patients to undergo the Fontan procedure.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Sildenafil in Children with Uni-Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease Post Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Shunt: An Evidence-Based Case Report","authors":"Edwin Adhi Darmawan Batubara, Angela Bonita, Umar Abdul Hamid, Aditya Sembiring","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11672","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Univentricular congenital heart disease (CHD) is an anatomical heart defect where one of the ventricles does not develop. Management of univentricular defects is performed gradually; bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) is one of the surgical approaches conducted before the definite treatment in the Fontan procedure. Therefore, the average rate of pulmonary artery pressure and vasculature resistance is critical factors in determining good post-surgical outcomes. However, studies exploring the evidence that sildenafil administration can reduce pulmonary pressure in patients with univentricular defects are currently limited. AIM: This evidence-based case report aims to investigate whether sildenafil administration toward post-BCPS patients reduces mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) before undergoing the Fontan procedure. METHODS: Available evidence was screened through four databases in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ProQuest on October 9, 2022. The keywords used were (((((single Ventricle) OR univentricular heart) AND BCPS) OR Glenn) AND sildenafil) AND hemodynamic. A result of three cohorts and one clinical trial was identified and critically appraised. RESULTS: Analytical testing of the two studies by Park I and Jeremiasen et al. shows that sildenafil significantly reduces mPAP from 19.5 ± 5.5 mmHg to 14.3 ± 3.0 mmHg (p = 0.023) and from 19 mmHg (SD = 3) to 14 mmHg (SD = 2) (p < 0.01). The studies from Hill KD and Mori et al. illustrate that sildenafil significantly reduces the PVR index by as much as 24% (p < 0.01) and from 3.2 ± 0.5 wood unit to 1.6 ± 0.6 wood unit (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The administration of sildenafil decreases pulmonary artery pressure and vasculature resistance in post-BCPS pediatric patients, allowing patients to undergo the Fontan procedure.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135675215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11616
Christiyan Naydenov, Chavdar Kovachev, Selin Durgud, Ivan Mindov, Vesela Chengeliyska, Anna Tolekova
BACKGROUND: Our study discusses the use of hypnosis as a tool to regulate the subconscious mind, with some researchers viewing it as a form of top-down cognition. The aim of the study was to prove the connection between the subconscious mind and body weight by measuring weight loss caused by hypnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: The study involved a 25-year-old woman with a BMI of 48.8 kg/m2, who underwent two sessions of guided meditation and was monitored with EEG. Results showed a significant reduction in body weight after 2 weeks, and changes in EEG activity were observed, indicating better vigilance, self-esteem, and a positive state of mind. CONCLUSION: The study supports the hypothesis that the subconscious mind has materializing power, and the results suggest that turning bad habits into healthy activities and food preferences is related to subconscious productivity. The study could have a positive impact on the patient’s lifestyle.
{"title":"EEG Monitored Guided Meditation for Weight Loss Proving the Materializing Power of Subconscious Mind – Case Report","authors":"Christiyan Naydenov, Chavdar Kovachev, Selin Durgud, Ivan Mindov, Vesela Chengeliyska, Anna Tolekova","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11616","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Our study discusses the use of hypnosis as a tool to regulate the subconscious mind, with some researchers viewing it as a form of top-down cognition. The aim of the study was to prove the connection between the subconscious mind and body weight by measuring weight loss caused by hypnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: The study involved a 25-year-old woman with a BMI of 48.8 kg/m2, who underwent two sessions of guided meditation and was monitored with EEG. Results showed a significant reduction in body weight after 2 weeks, and changes in EEG activity were observed, indicating better vigilance, self-esteem, and a positive state of mind. CONCLUSION: The study supports the hypothesis that the subconscious mind has materializing power, and the results suggest that turning bad habits into healthy activities and food preferences is related to subconscious productivity. The study could have a positive impact on the patient’s lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136216345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-14DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11658
Ivana Gusar, Emila Peroš, Sonja Šare, Marija Ljubičić
BACKGROUND: The process of transitioning from the role of a student to the role of a professional in nursing is a very stressful and can cause job dissatisfaction and the intent to leave the profession. AIM: This study aimed to examine the incidence of transition shock among newly employed nurses. METHODS: A total of 43 newly employed nurses fill out the questionnaire Environmental Reality Shock-Related Issues and Concerns to assess transition experience, stress self-assessment, support, and job satisfaction. The Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied to determine the difference in the level of transition shock according to the sociodemographic variables, stress-self-assessment, and job satisfaction and support. RESULTS: A significant difference in the level of transition shock was recorded in the length of waiting for employment in the expectation (p = 0.020), and private life factor (p = 0.026), the intention to leave the profession in the relationship (p = 0.016), and expectation factor (p = 0.044). The level of transition shock was different with regard to dealing with stress (p = 0.047), job satisfaction (p = 0.027), and the level of support from colleagues (p = 0.012), and superiors (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: The lower job satisfaction, lower support, and weaker coping with stress of newly employed nurses increase the transition shock during the 1st year. These results can be useful for managers of health institutions to plan specific activities aimed at reducing the level of transition shock, especially at this time of pronounced shortages of nurses worldwide.
{"title":"Transition Shock of Newly Employed Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Ivana Gusar, Emila Peroš, Sonja Šare, Marija Ljubičić","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11658","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The process of transitioning from the role of a student to the role of a professional in nursing is a very stressful and can cause job dissatisfaction and the intent to leave the profession. AIM: This study aimed to examine the incidence of transition shock among newly employed nurses. METHODS: A total of 43 newly employed nurses fill out the questionnaire Environmental Reality Shock-Related Issues and Concerns to assess transition experience, stress self-assessment, support, and job satisfaction. The Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied to determine the difference in the level of transition shock according to the sociodemographic variables, stress-self-assessment, and job satisfaction and support. RESULTS: A significant difference in the level of transition shock was recorded in the length of waiting for employment in the expectation (p = 0.020), and private life factor (p = 0.026), the intention to leave the profession in the relationship (p = 0.016), and expectation factor (p = 0.044). The level of transition shock was different with regard to dealing with stress (p = 0.047), job satisfaction (p = 0.027), and the level of support from colleagues (p = 0.012), and superiors (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: The lower job satisfaction, lower support, and weaker coping with stress of newly employed nurses increase the transition shock during the 1st year. These results can be useful for managers of health institutions to plan specific activities aimed at reducing the level of transition shock, especially at this time of pronounced shortages of nurses worldwide.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135189664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11643
Pola Bekheit, Mohamed Rabie, Hayam Y. Hassan
AIM: This study aimed to calculate the percentage of touched surfaces and changes in the cross-sectional area of oval-shaped root canals after preparation using (XP-endo Shaper, IRace, and HyFlex CM) rotary systems using AutoCAD software. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were collected and divided into three main groups according to the rotary system used (n = 20). Each tooth was impeded in a resin block, coded, sectioned, and photographed under a stereomicroscope, before and after instrumentation. Microphotographs were analyzed using AutoCAD software. Two-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the mean percentage of the touched surface and mean cross- sectional area between the groups and tooth segments, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for pair-wise comparisons. RESULTS: The percentage of touched canal walls was significantly different between IRace group and each of XP-endo Shaper and HyFlex CM groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was recorded for the mean change in the cross-sectional areas of the root canal between IRace group and both HyFlex CM and XP-endo Shaper groups, respectively (p < 0.001). For all groups, there was a significant difference in the change in the cross- sectional area between all segments (coronal, middle, and apical). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the XP-endo Shaper and HyFlex CM files had a higher cutting efficiency and maintained better root stability than the IRaCe system by preserving the dentin of the oval root canal. This was observed at all the canal levels in the coronal, middle, and apical segments.
{"title":"Assessing Percentage of Touched Surfaces and Changes in Cross-sectional Area in Oval Shaped Root Canals after XP-endo Shaper, IRaCe and HyFlex CM Instrumentation Using AutoCAD Software","authors":"Pola Bekheit, Mohamed Rabie, Hayam Y. Hassan","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11643","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: This study aimed to calculate the percentage of touched surfaces and changes in the cross-sectional area of oval-shaped root canals after preparation using (XP-endo Shaper, IRace, and HyFlex CM) rotary systems using AutoCAD software. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were collected and divided into three main groups according to the rotary system used (n = 20). Each tooth was impeded in a resin block, coded, sectioned, and photographed under a stereomicroscope, before and after instrumentation. Microphotographs were analyzed using AutoCAD software. Two-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the mean percentage of the touched surface and mean cross- sectional area between the groups and tooth segments, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for pair-wise comparisons. RESULTS: The percentage of touched canal walls was significantly different between IRace group and each of XP-endo Shaper and HyFlex CM groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was recorded for the mean change in the cross-sectional areas of the root canal between IRace group and both HyFlex CM and XP-endo Shaper groups, respectively (p < 0.001). For all groups, there was a significant difference in the change in the cross- sectional area between all segments (coronal, middle, and apical). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the XP-endo Shaper and HyFlex CM files had a higher cutting efficiency and maintained better root stability than the IRaCe system by preserving the dentin of the oval root canal. This was observed at all the canal levels in the coronal, middle, and apical segments.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135423179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic became a global health problem due to the high number of cases and no specific treatment. Furthermore, the diagnosis was difficult due to limited publication data and diagnostic tests. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the demographics, clinical features, laboratory results, radiological results, and factors related to the severity of COVID-19 at a referral hospital. METHODS: A descriptive analytic study of confirmed COVID-19 patients was conducted during March–October 2020. Data were collected from the medical records to determine the patient demographics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory, chest X-ray, and first illness severity at 24 h of treatment. RESULTS: There were 79 (59%) male and 55 (41%) female patients during the study. The clinical symptoms were fever 103 (77%), cough 100 (75%), shortness of breath 88 (66%), comorbidities of diabetes mellitus 18 (13%), hypertension 24 (18%), and heart disease 20 (15%). The patient’s laboratory profiles were lymphopenia 85 (63%) and increased C-reactive protein 82 (61%). The radiology imaging of the patients was mostly atypical of COVID-19. Factors that influence the severity of COVID-19 are age, comorbid diabetes, and hypertension CONCLUSION: Most cases with severe symptoms are old age, a history of comorbid diabetes mellitus and heart disease, and abnormal laboratory results.
{"title":"Clinical Features, Imaging, Laboratory Result, and Severity of COVID-19 Patients in Referral Hospital","authors":"Bekti Safarini, M. Arif, Danis Pertiwi, Santika Puji, Rahayu Wijaya, Suryani Yuliyanti, Ksenija Bogoeva-Kostovska","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.10664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.10664","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic became a global health problem due to the high number of cases and no specific treatment. Furthermore, the diagnosis was difficult due to limited publication data and diagnostic tests.\u0000AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the demographics, clinical features, laboratory results, radiological results, and factors related to the severity of COVID-19 at a referral hospital.\u0000METHODS: A descriptive analytic study of confirmed COVID-19 patients was conducted during March–October 2020. Data were collected from the medical records to determine the patient demographics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory, chest X-ray, and first illness severity at 24 h of treatment.\u0000RESULTS: There were 79 (59%) male and 55 (41%) female patients during the study. The clinical symptoms were fever 103 (77%), cough 100 (75%), shortness of breath 88 (66%), comorbidities of diabetes mellitus 18 (13%), hypertension 24 (18%), and heart disease 20 (15%). The patient’s laboratory profiles were lymphopenia 85 (63%) and increased C-reactive protein 82 (61%). The radiology imaging of the patients was mostly atypical of COVID-19. Factors that influence the severity of COVID-19 are age, comorbid diabetes, and hypertension\u0000CONCLUSION: Most cases with severe symptoms are old age, a history of comorbid diabetes mellitus and heart disease, and abnormal laboratory results.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42998196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.8581
A. Khalil, I. H. Mahmoud, D. Abbas, M. M. Mostafa, A. S. Idris, Khaled Abdel Hamed Mostafa
BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced bladder cancer may suffer severe pelvic pain unresponsive to standard pharmacological therapy. AIM: This study assessed the feasibility, efficacy of ultrasoundguided (USG) versus fluoroscopy-guided (FG) superior hypogastric plexus block (SHPB) in bladder cancer pain management. METHODS: This randomized controlled study included 60 patients undergoing SHPB to manage pain in stages 3 and 4 bladder cancer patients from December 2020 to June 2021. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group Fluoro (n = 30) underwent FG-SHPB, while Group US (n = 30) underwent US-SHPB. The patients were assessed after 1 day and 1 and 3 months regarding pain intensity using visual analog score (VAS), daily morphine consumption, functional capacity, and quality of life (QoL) using the Short Form Health Survey-36. RESULTS: The procedure failed in 2 patients in each group. The procedure was significantly lengthier in the Fluor group than the US group (p < 0.001). VAS scores decreased significantly in the two groups after 1 and 3 months and were significantly in US-SHBP after 3 months. Morphine consumption decreased significantly, and functional capacity and QoL improved significantly in both groups up to 3 months. The two groups were comparable in morphine consumption, functional capacity, and QoL. Position discomfort and back pain were more common in Fluor Group. CONCLUSION: USG SHPB is a feasible, safe, and effective analgesic procedure in patients with advanced bladder cancer suffering from severe pelvic pain. It is superior to the FG transdiscal approach regarding the duration of pain relief and improvement of functional capacity in addition to avoidance of position discomfort and back pain. REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov (ID NCT05083702).
{"title":"Ultrasound versus Fluoroscopic-Guided Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block in Cancer Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"A. Khalil, I. H. Mahmoud, D. Abbas, M. M. Mostafa, A. S. Idris, Khaled Abdel Hamed Mostafa","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.8581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.8581","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced bladder cancer may suffer severe pelvic pain unresponsive to standard pharmacological therapy.\u0000AIM: This study assessed the feasibility, efficacy of ultrasoundguided (USG) versus fluoroscopy-guided (FG) superior hypogastric plexus block (SHPB) in bladder cancer pain management.\u0000METHODS: This randomized controlled study included 60 patients undergoing SHPB to manage pain in stages 3 and 4 bladder cancer patients from December 2020 to June 2021. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group Fluoro (n = 30) underwent FG-SHPB, while Group US (n = 30) underwent US-SHPB. The patients were assessed after 1 day and 1 and 3 months regarding pain intensity using visual analog score (VAS), daily morphine consumption, functional capacity, and quality of life (QoL) using the Short Form Health Survey-36.\u0000RESULTS: The procedure failed in 2 patients in each group. The procedure was significantly lengthier in the Fluor group than the US group (p < 0.001). VAS scores decreased significantly in the two groups after 1 and 3 months and were significantly in US-SHBP after 3 months. Morphine consumption decreased significantly, and functional capacity and QoL improved significantly in both groups up to 3 months. The two groups were comparable in morphine consumption, functional capacity, and QoL. Position discomfort and back pain were more common in Fluor Group.\u0000CONCLUSION: USG SHPB is a feasible, safe, and effective analgesic procedure in patients with advanced bladder cancer suffering from severe pelvic pain. It is superior to the FG transdiscal approach regarding the duration of pain relief and improvement of functional capacity in addition to avoidance of position discomfort and back pain.\u0000REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov (ID NCT05083702).","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43236400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11503
Sherif Hassan, Ibraheem Bamaga
AIM: This study aimed to examine the effect of diabetes mellitus on the histology of parotid glands and to give a scientific overview of the distribution and the proliferative activity of myoepithelial cells (MECs) encircling both ducts and acini in parotid gland of both normal and diabetic mongrel dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve male mongrel dogs were used in the experiment and divided into two equal groups, group I, control group, group II, dogs with alloxan-induced diabetes. The dogs of the group II were injected by fresh preparation of a single dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate dissolved in physiological saline. Ten days later, blood glucose level was determined using enzymatic colorimetric test; dogs presented a glucose level at or above 200 mg/dL were included in the diabetic group of the experiment. Three months later, dogs were sacrificed and the parotid glands from all groups were dissected and prepared for histological examination and double immunohistochemical expression of both actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). RESULTS: Histological findings using H and E staining confirmed that the parotid gland parenchyma of the diabetic group had glandular atrophy characterized by loss of normal gland structure, acinar degeneration, and dilatation of the duct system with the presence of duct like structure. Moreover, there was a predominance of the fibrous component with the presence of fat cells within the gland compartments. Immunohistochemical findings of parotid gland of control group revealed positive scattered actin staining of weak to mild quantity in cells embracing some acini and intralobular ducts. Expression of PCNA in actin-positive cells revealed few scattered reactions embracing some acini and small ducts. Parotid gland of diabetic dogs revealed positive actin staining of mild-to-moderate quantity in the cells encircling the acini, intralobular, and some interlobular ducts. Expression of PCNA in actin- positive cells revealed mild-to-moderate positive reaction more concentrated in the cells surrounding both acini and intercalated ducts. CONCLUSION: Routine histological findings of diabetic dogs in our findings showed abundant pathological changes in parenchymal tissue elements, including acinar, ductal, and MECs that had a significant impact on saliva production and secretion resulting in dry mouth. The proliferative activity of MECs in the control group indicated a routine regeneration process, whereas the abundant proliferative activity in the diabetic group might indicate pathological transformation rather than regeneration, especially because no remedial measures were taken during this investigation.
{"title":"Proliferative Activity of Myoepithelial Cells in Normal and Diabetic Parotid Glands Based on Double Immunostaining Labeling","authors":"Sherif Hassan, Ibraheem Bamaga","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11503","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: This study aimed to examine the effect of diabetes mellitus on the histology of parotid glands and to give a scientific overview of the distribution and the proliferative activity of myoepithelial cells (MECs) encircling both ducts and acini in parotid gland of both normal and diabetic mongrel dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve male mongrel dogs were used in the experiment and divided into two equal groups, group I, control group, group II, dogs with alloxan-induced diabetes. The dogs of the group II were injected by fresh preparation of a single dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate dissolved in physiological saline. Ten days later, blood glucose level was determined using enzymatic colorimetric test; dogs presented a glucose level at or above 200 mg/dL were included in the diabetic group of the experiment. Three months later, dogs were sacrificed and the parotid glands from all groups were dissected and prepared for histological examination and double immunohistochemical expression of both actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). RESULTS: Histological findings using H and E staining confirmed that the parotid gland parenchyma of the diabetic group had glandular atrophy characterized by loss of normal gland structure, acinar degeneration, and dilatation of the duct system with the presence of duct like structure. Moreover, there was a predominance of the fibrous component with the presence of fat cells within the gland compartments. Immunohistochemical findings of parotid gland of control group revealed positive scattered actin staining of weak to mild quantity in cells embracing some acini and intralobular ducts. Expression of PCNA in actin-positive cells revealed few scattered reactions embracing some acini and small ducts. Parotid gland of diabetic dogs revealed positive actin staining of mild-to-moderate quantity in the cells encircling the acini, intralobular, and some interlobular ducts. Expression of PCNA in actin- positive cells revealed mild-to-moderate positive reaction more concentrated in the cells surrounding both acini and intercalated ducts. CONCLUSION: Routine histological findings of diabetic dogs in our findings showed abundant pathological changes in parenchymal tissue elements, including acinar, ductal, and MECs that had a significant impact on saliva production and secretion resulting in dry mouth. The proliferative activity of MECs in the control group indicated a routine regeneration process, whereas the abundant proliferative activity in the diabetic group might indicate pathological transformation rather than regeneration, especially because no remedial measures were taken during this investigation.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135528610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a condition, especially for students who have just entered the lecture period. Students usually feel anxious, especially medical students. Learning for students is assessed from several aspects, such as affective aspects and emotional intelligence. Efficacy aspects are aspects related to a person’s attitudes and behavior, while emotions are the ability to manage feelings in this case being able to motivate yourself. AIM: The aim of this study is to find out the relationship between efficacy aspects and emotional intelligence with anxiety for 1st-year medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang. METHODS: The design of this study was cross-sectional with a correlation analytic approach. The research population is students of the faculty of medicine with 135 samples using the total sampling technique. Univariate data analysis is presented in the form of frequency distribution and percentage and bivariate analysis using Pearson test and data processing using SPSS version 16.0 computerized program. RESULTS: The results of this study show that there is no relationship between anxiety and efficacy aspects with a positive and no significant value, r = 0.3 p = 0.09 and there is a significant relationship between anxiety and emotional intelligence, and a p-value of (0.04), a positive correlation with a Pearson’s strength value of r = 0.7. In the efficacy aspect, the highest category was 92 people (68.1%), the most emotional intelligence was moderate, namely, 86 people (63.7%), and the most anxiety was in the normal category, namely, 116 people (85.9%). CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between anxiety and emotional intelligence with a strong correlation, and there is no significant relationship between anxiety and efficacy aspect.
背景:焦虑是一种状态，特别是对于刚刚进入课堂的学生。学生们通常会感到焦虑，尤其是医学院的学生。学生的学习从情感方面和情商等几个方面进行评估。效能方面是与一个人的态度和行为有关的方面，而情绪是管理感觉的能力，在这种情况下能够激励自己。目的:本研究旨在了解巴东拜图拉玛大学医学院一年级医学生的效能、情绪智力与焦虑的关系。方法:本研究采用横断面设计，采用相关分析法。研究人群是医学院的学生，使用总抽样技术进行了135个样本。单因素数据分析采用频率分布和百分比形式，双因素分析采用Pearson检验，数据处理采用SPSS 16.0计算机程序。结果:本研究结果显示，焦虑与效能方面不存在正相关关系，r = 0.3 p = 0.09;焦虑与情绪智力存在显著相关关系，p值为(0.04)，Pearson’s strength值为r = 0.7。在效能方面，情绪智力最高的类别为92人(68.1%)，情绪智力最高的类别为中等，即86人(63.7%)，焦虑程度最高的类别为正常类别，即116人(85.9%)。结论:焦虑与情绪智力存在显著相关，且有较强的相关性，而焦虑与效能方面无显著相关。
{"title":"Anxiety in Medical Students: In Terms of the Influence of Efficacy Aspects and Emotional Intelligence","authors":"Resti Rahmadika Akbar, Yovanca Putri Prananda, Debie Anggraini, Insil Pendri Hariyani","doi":"10.3889/oamjms.2023.11452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11452","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a condition, especially for students who have just entered the lecture period. Students usually feel anxious, especially medical students. Learning for students is assessed from several aspects, such as affective aspects and emotional intelligence. Efficacy aspects are aspects related to a person’s attitudes and behavior, while emotions are the ability to manage feelings in this case being able to motivate yourself. AIM: The aim of this study is to find out the relationship between efficacy aspects and emotional intelligence with anxiety for 1st-year medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang. METHODS: The design of this study was cross-sectional with a correlation analytic approach. The research population is students of the faculty of medicine with 135 samples using the total sampling technique. Univariate data analysis is presented in the form of frequency distribution and percentage and bivariate analysis using Pearson test and data processing using SPSS version 16.0 computerized program. RESULTS: The results of this study show that there is no relationship between anxiety and efficacy aspects with a positive and no significant value, r = 0.3 p = 0.09 and there is a significant relationship between anxiety and emotional intelligence, and a p-value of (0.04), a positive correlation with a Pearson’s strength value of r = 0.7. In the efficacy aspect, the highest category was 92 people (68.1%), the most emotional intelligence was moderate, namely, 86 people (63.7%), and the most anxiety was in the normal category, namely, 116 people (85.9%). CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between anxiety and emotional intelligence with a strong correlation, and there is no significant relationship between anxiety and efficacy aspect.","PeriodicalId":19562,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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