Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131223
Shakrajit Sahu, J. Christopher Clement
A large body of research has recently examined the estimation of the quality of transmission (QoT) in optical networks with deep learning. This paper discusses a lightpath’s quality of transmission to design fiber-optic communication and networks using deep learning algorithms. We need different major estimation parameters for advanced optical fiber communication and networks, i.e., modulation formats, baud rate, and code rate. Currently, the quality of transmission for unspecified optical paths depends on different estimation techniques i.e., (1) analytical models estimating physical layer impairments (PLIs) and (2) margined formulas. This paper focuses on deep-learning techniques that can be applied to optimization and complex systems. The deep learning algorithms contain different classifiers that can simulate results and estimate the bit-error rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of unspecified optical paths with threshold values, traffic volume, and modulation format. We must train and test the datasets for various classifiers, and classification features using Korean network topology. The classifier accuracy and Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) simulation results are carried out using MATLAB.
{"title":"Deep learning techniques for quality of transmission estimation in optical networks","authors":"Shakrajit Sahu, J. Christopher Clement","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large body of research has recently examined the estimation of the quality of transmission (QoT) in optical networks with deep learning. This paper discusses a lightpath’s quality of transmission to design fiber-optic communication and networks using deep learning algorithms. We need different major estimation parameters for advanced optical fiber communication and networks, i.e., modulation formats, baud rate, and code rate. Currently, the quality of transmission for unspecified optical paths depends on different estimation techniques i.e., (1) analytical models estimating physical layer impairments (PLIs) and (2) margined formulas. This paper focuses on deep-learning techniques that can be applied to optimization and complex systems. The deep learning algorithms contain different classifiers that can simulate results and estimate the bit-error rate, and signal-to-noise ratio of unspecified optical paths with threshold values, traffic volume, and modulation format. We must train and test the datasets for various classifiers, and classification features using Korean network topology. The classifier accuracy and Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) simulation results are carried out using MATLAB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131224
Zhenming Yang, Chenyu Yuan, Akhtar Munir, Siyuan Ge, Chunfang Wang
Ghost imaging requires a large amount of sampling data, which limits its applications in the study of dynamic objects. Here, we propose an imaging technique based on deep convolutional neural networks (SaDunet) that can be used to examine the dynamics of target objects. By replacing the traditional correlation imaging reconstruction approach with SaDunet, the ability to recover high-quality images at low sampling rates is enhanced. The motion process of the target object is decomposed into multiple motion frames, and then each frame is imaged separately. Experiments show that the reconstructed image of the target object obtained by this scheme is of high quality, contains almost no noise, and accurately reflects the motion behavior of the target object.
{"title":"Enhancing dynamic target reconstruction and tracking based on ghost imaging and deep convolutional neural networks","authors":"Zhenming Yang, Chenyu Yuan, Akhtar Munir, Siyuan Ge, Chunfang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ghost imaging requires a large amount of sampling data, which limits its applications in the study of dynamic objects. Here, we propose an imaging technique based on deep convolutional neural networks (SaDunet) that can be used to examine the dynamics of target objects. By replacing the traditional correlation imaging reconstruction approach with SaDunet, the ability to recover high-quality images at low sampling rates is enhanced. The motion process of the target object is decomposed into multiple motion frames, and then each frame is imaged separately. Experiments show that the reconstructed image of the target object obtained by this scheme is of high quality, contains almost no noise, and accurately reflects the motion behavior of the target object.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131217
Fernando Torres-Leal , Naveed Abbas , Claude Aguergaray , Neil G.R. Broderick
This paper investigates the generation and characterization of soliton molecules (SM) in a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser with a linear cavity. By adjusting the pump power, both single-pulsing (SP) and double-pulsing (DP) states can be achieved. The observed soliton molecules are highly stable, with minimal temporal jitter despite being separated by . While SM have been observed in many different cavities this is one of the few reports in a Fabry–Perot cavity rather than a ring cavity and again most previous observations of soliton molecules having been in the anomalous dispersion regime. This configuration thus provides detailed and valuable insights into the behavior of SM, shedding light on their formation, stability, and dynamics. This study contributes to understanding long range soliton interactions in fiber lasers, with potential implications for applications such as multi-bit transmission, bit storage, and pump–probe experiments to study the dynamics of chemical reactions.
本文研究了带有线性腔的半导体可饱和吸收镜（SESAM）模式锁定掺镱光纤激光器中孤子分子（SM）的产生和特性。通过调节泵浦功率，可以实现单脉冲（SP）和双脉冲（DP）状态。观测到的孤子分子高度稳定，尽管相隔 1.56ns 却具有最小的时间抖动。虽然在许多不同的空腔中都观测到了孤子分子，但这是在法布里-珀罗空腔而不是环形空腔中观测到的为数不多的报告之一。因此，这种构型提供了对 SM 行为的详细而有价值的见解，揭示了它们的形成、稳定性和动力学。这项研究有助于理解光纤激光器中的长距离孤子相互作用，对多比特传输、比特存储以及研究化学反应动力学的泵浦探针实验等应用具有潜在影响。
{"title":"Observation of widely separated soliton molecules in a mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser operating with net anomalous dispersion","authors":"Fernando Torres-Leal , Naveed Abbas , Claude Aguergaray , Neil G.R. Broderick","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the generation and characterization of soliton molecules (SM) in a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser with a linear cavity. By adjusting the pump power, both single-pulsing (SP) and double-pulsing (DP) states can be achieved. The observed soliton molecules are highly stable, with minimal temporal jitter despite being separated by <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>56</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>ns</mi></mrow></math></span>. While SM have been observed in many different cavities this is one of the few reports in a Fabry–Perot cavity rather than a ring cavity and again most previous observations of soliton molecules having been in the anomalous dispersion regime. This configuration thus provides detailed and valuable insights into the behavior of SM, shedding light on their formation, stability, and dynamics. This study contributes to understanding long range soliton interactions in fiber lasers, with potential implications for applications such as multi-bit transmission, bit storage, and pump–probe experiments to study the dynamics of chemical reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131226
Huiqin Wang , Zhen Wang , Qihan Tang , Qingbin Peng , Dan Chen , Yue Zhang , Minghua Cao
This paper proposes a differential index modulation (DIM) scheme to address the complex channel estimation challenges in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OOFDM-IM). The main idea of the DIM scheme is to design a time-frequency dispersive matrix with unitary characteristics and perform index mapping based on the Lemer code principles. By applying differential operations, the DIM scheme enables decoding at the receiver without requiring channel estimation. The paper provides a detailed explanation of the design principles and theoretical bit error rate (BER) of the proposed scheme. Simulations based on the exponential Weibull atmospheric turbulence channel model are conducted to compare the DIM scheme with the existing OOFDM-IM scheme. Additionally, a carefully designed proof-of-concept experiment is performed to further validate the scheme’s effectiveness and feasibility. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, compared to OOFDM-IM, the proposed scheme can entirely avoid complex channel estimation with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss of no more than 4 dB, even under various turbulence intensities and higher-order modulation scenarios. This provides a valuable reference for OOFDM-IM in complex environments or where channel estimation is challenging.
{"title":"Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with differential index modulation","authors":"Huiqin Wang , Zhen Wang , Qihan Tang , Qingbin Peng , Dan Chen , Yue Zhang , Minghua Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a differential index modulation (DIM) scheme to address the complex channel estimation challenges in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OOFDM-IM). The main idea of the DIM scheme is to design a time-frequency dispersive matrix with unitary characteristics and perform index mapping based on the Lemer code principles. By applying differential operations, the DIM scheme enables decoding at the receiver without requiring channel estimation. The paper provides a detailed explanation of the design principles and theoretical bit error rate (BER) of the proposed scheme. Simulations based on the exponential Weibull atmospheric turbulence channel model are conducted to compare the DIM scheme with the existing OOFDM-IM scheme. Additionally, a carefully designed proof-of-concept experiment is performed to further validate the scheme’s effectiveness and feasibility. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, compared to OOFDM-IM, the proposed scheme can entirely avoid complex channel estimation with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss of no more than 4 dB, even under various turbulence intensities and higher-order modulation scenarios. This provides a valuable reference for OOFDM-IM in complex environments or where channel estimation is challenging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose a model of a dual cavity magnomechanical system with two levitated yttrium iron garnet spheres to investigate nonreciprocal transmission of a microwave field. We use an external Coulomb force to bias the steady-state position of the sphere levitated in each microwave cavity, thereby establishing an independent and controllable effective couplings between the cavity modes and the magnon modes. This can break the symmetry of the system and serve as the basis for nonreciprocal transmission in this system. We demonstrated how to achieve the system nonreciprocity with an extremely high isolation ratio and flexible controllability by appropriately selecting the suspended positions of the levitated spheres, which are related to the external bias forces. We also analyze in detail the influence of the cavity detunings and the driving power on the bias-force-induced nonreciprocity. Our study provides an effective approach to manipulating flexibly nonreciprocal transmission of a microwave field and may have potential implications for the development of future nonreciprocal transmission devices.
{"title":"Modulating nonreciprocal transmission in levitated magnomechanical systems","authors":"Wenjie Nie , Huiya Zhan , Xianxin Shang , Haoqi Zhang , Aixi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a model of a dual cavity magnomechanical system with two levitated yttrium iron garnet spheres to investigate nonreciprocal transmission of a microwave field. We use an external Coulomb force to bias the steady-state position of the sphere levitated in each microwave cavity, thereby establishing an independent and controllable effective couplings between the cavity modes and the magnon modes. This can break the symmetry of the system and serve as the basis for nonreciprocal transmission in this system. We demonstrated how to achieve the system nonreciprocity with an extremely high isolation ratio and flexible controllability by appropriately selecting the suspended positions of the levitated spheres, which are related to the external bias forces. We also analyze in detail the influence of the cavity detunings and the driving power on the bias-force-induced nonreciprocity. Our study provides an effective approach to manipulating flexibly nonreciprocal transmission of a microwave field and may have potential implications for the development of future nonreciprocal transmission devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a power allocation scheme for ultraviolet communication (UVC) with simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT) is proposed. Based on the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) single scattering channel model, the path loss and bit error rate (BER) performance of the UVC system with different geometrical parameters are analyzed. The effects of three types of weather, light rain, fine weather and severe fog conditions are considered. It is proved that the path loss is minimized on foggy days with minimum BER, followed by sunny days. The proposed SLIPT approach that the receiving energy is in turn divided into two parts, one for energy harvesting (EH) and the other for information decoding (ID). The system is designed to optimize energy harvesting for autonomous power supply, while ensuring a specified BER threshold and maintaining spectral efficiency. The effects of three types of weather on the SLIPT system are further investigated. It is demonstrated that under shorter communication distance(r), smaller elevation angle of receiving terminal (βR), larger field of view (FoV) and lower spectral efficiency(η) conditions, a higher percentage of energy is allocated for EH, with foggy days being the most favorable. The extreme geometric parameters of rainy condition can lead to the inability of communication, which needs to be limited to r ≤ 10 m, elevation angle of Rx ≤ 6°, FOV ≥100°, spectral efficiency ≤3, under the preset parameters in this paper.
{"title":"Simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer for NLOS ultraviolet communications under different weather conditions","authors":"Xinling Liu, Huimin Lu, Yifan Zhu, Jianhua Ma, Rui Hao, Danyang Chen, Jianping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a power allocation scheme for ultraviolet communication (UVC) with simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT) is proposed. Based on the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) single scattering channel model, the path loss and bit error rate (BER) performance of the UVC system with different geometrical parameters are analyzed. The effects of three types of weather, light rain, fine weather and severe fog conditions are considered. It is proved that the path loss is minimized on foggy days with minimum BER, followed by sunny days. The proposed SLIPT approach that the receiving energy is in turn divided into two parts, one for energy harvesting (EH) and the other for information decoding (ID). The system is designed to optimize energy harvesting for autonomous power supply, while ensuring a specified BER threshold and maintaining spectral efficiency. The effects of three types of weather on the SLIPT system are further investigated. It is demonstrated that under shorter communication distance(<em>r</em>), smaller elevation angle of receiving terminal (<em>β</em><sub><em>R</em></sub>), larger field of view (FoV) and lower spectral efficiency(<em>η</em>) conditions, a higher percentage of energy is allocated for EH, with foggy days being the most favorable. The extreme geometric parameters of rainy condition can lead to the inability of communication, which needs to be limited to r ≤ 10 m, elevation angle of Rx ≤ 6°, FOV ≥100°, spectral efficiency ≤3, under the preset parameters in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hybrid radio frequency (RF)/free-space optical (FSO) system can improve communication security by using complimentary characteristics and mitigating the risks of RF links being susceptible to co-channel interference (CCI) and malicious eavesdropping. We investigate the secure and covert communication performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a hybrid RF/FSO system. In terms of secure communication, UAVs employ the strategy of transmitting private data concurrently through RF and FSO links, considering two modes based on active eavesdropping by a malicious user. Closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are derived. With respect to covert communication, the communication strategy is to utilize the RF link to generate interfering signals, thus aiding the FSO signals in accomplishing covert communication. We formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the EST while considering transmit power and user-acceptable detection error probability. A two-stage gradient-based iterative solution algorithm is proposed. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed secure and covert communication strategy based on the hybrid RF/FSO system, which is expected to enhance the communication security of UAVs in the RF-challenged environment.
{"title":"Secure and covert communication strategy of UAV based on hybrid RF/FSO system","authors":"Xinkang Song, Xiang Wang, Shanghong Zhao, Yongjun Li, Xin Li, Xiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hybrid radio frequency (RF)/free-space optical (FSO) system can improve communication security by using complimentary characteristics and mitigating the risks of RF links being susceptible to co-channel interference (CCI) and malicious eavesdropping. We investigate the secure and covert communication performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a hybrid RF/FSO system. In terms of secure communication, UAVs employ the strategy of transmitting private data concurrently through RF and FSO links, considering two modes based on active eavesdropping by a malicious user. Closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are derived. With respect to covert communication, the communication strategy is to utilize the RF link to generate interfering signals, thus aiding the FSO signals in accomplishing covert communication. We formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the EST while considering transmit power and user-acceptable detection error probability. A two-stage gradient-based iterative solution algorithm is proposed. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed secure and covert communication strategy based on the hybrid RF/FSO system, which is expected to enhance the communication security of UAVs in the RF-challenged environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131230
Mengmeng Chen , Zhigang Xiong , Fei Xu
This study innovatively proposes a method of using harmonics to mitigate the influence of fading noise in Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (Φ-OTDR). Numerical modeling was conducted to investigate the behavior of the Φ-OTDR. A section optical fiber is coiled around a PZT (piezoelectric transducer). By applying a signal to the PZT, it emulates an external vibration. The response of the simulated vibration was extracted using phase demodulation algorithm. In the response spectrum of the vibration, the fundamental frequency may be submerged because of the fading noise, causing the useful information to be obscured. However, the region impacted by fading noise in the fundamental frequency is unaffected in certain harmonic components. Thus, information from the harmonics can be used to compensate for the missing information in the fundamental frequency. By analyzing multiple harmonic components, the accuracy of vibration detection and localization can be improved. Experiment was performed to corroborate the findings, and the results demonstrated good consistency with the simulated data. Both the simulation and the experiment proved that considering harmonics can enhance the measurement accuracy of Φ-OTDR. This discovery provides new insights and methods for the application of Φ-OTDR.
{"title":"Harmonic analysis of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer","authors":"Mengmeng Chen , Zhigang Xiong , Fei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study innovatively proposes a method of using harmonics to mitigate the influence of fading noise in Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (Φ-OTDR). Numerical modeling was conducted to investigate the behavior of the Φ-OTDR. A section optical fiber is coiled around a PZT (piezoelectric transducer). By applying a signal to the PZT, it emulates an external vibration. The response of the simulated vibration was extracted using phase demodulation algorithm. In the response spectrum of the vibration, the fundamental frequency may be submerged because of the fading noise, causing the useful information to be obscured. However, the region impacted by fading noise in the fundamental frequency is unaffected in certain harmonic components. Thus, information from the harmonics can be used to compensate for the missing information in the fundamental frequency. By analyzing multiple harmonic components, the accuracy of vibration detection and localization can be improved. Experiment was performed to corroborate the findings, and the results demonstrated good consistency with the simulated data. Both the simulation and the experiment proved that considering harmonics can enhance the measurement accuracy of Φ-OTDR. This discovery provides new insights and methods for the application of Φ-OTDR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131236
Deqi Li , Peng Lin , Baoqun Li , Qiaochu Yang , Sunde Wang , Silun Du , Jingkai Zhang , Xianzhu Liu , Tianshu Wang , Junda Chen , Chen Liu
We proposes and experimentally demonstrates a RF/FSO fusion transmission system under smoke channel. First, an RF and laser-integrated communications payload is designed for RF/FSO fusion links to achieve mutual information backup for both FSO and RF links. Coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) can generate 10.0 GHz low-jitter optical pulses and 10.0 GHz low-phase noise RF signals simultaneously. The measured RF side-mode rejection ratio is 52.16 dB, and the phase noise at 10 kHz offset is about −117.6 dBc/Hz. The experimental results show that COEO has good compatibility in RF/FSO fusion communication and effectively solves the problem of RF/FSO link compatible sharing. Then, we established a RF/FSO fusion transmission system based on a COEO. Taking the complexity of the smoke channel, the RF/FSO link is not switched to achieve simultaneous transmission communication without interruption. The power jitter, signal-to-noise ratio, and bit error rate of RF/FSO links are investigated for different smoke visibility and is further investigated. The experimental results indicate, the fusion RF/FSO system is more reliable under extremely dense smoke conditions based on a COEO, which is significant for the future development of reliable space high-speed information transmission and networking.
{"title":"A 10 GHz high-frequency coupled optoelectronic oscillator for RF/FSO fusion transmission in smoke channels","authors":"Deqi Li , Peng Lin , Baoqun Li , Qiaochu Yang , Sunde Wang , Silun Du , Jingkai Zhang , Xianzhu Liu , Tianshu Wang , Junda Chen , Chen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We proposes and experimentally demonstrates a RF/FSO fusion transmission system under smoke channel. First, an RF and laser-integrated communications payload is designed for RF/FSO fusion links to achieve mutual information backup for both FSO and RF links. Coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) can generate 10.0 GHz low-jitter optical pulses and 10.0 GHz low-phase noise RF signals simultaneously. The measured RF side-mode rejection ratio is 52.16 dB, and the phase noise at 10 kHz offset is about −117.6 dBc/Hz. The experimental results show that COEO has good compatibility in RF/FSO fusion communication and effectively solves the problem of RF/FSO link compatible sharing. Then, we established a RF/FSO fusion transmission system based on a COEO. Taking the complexity of the smoke channel, the RF/FSO link is not switched to achieve simultaneous transmission communication without interruption. The power jitter, signal-to-noise ratio, and bit error rate of RF/FSO links are investigated for different smoke visibility and is further investigated. The experimental results indicate, the fusion RF/FSO system is more reliable under extremely dense smoke conditions based on a COEO, which is significant for the future development of reliable space high-speed information transmission and networking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142525815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131232
Stotaw Talbachew Hayle , Chia-Peng Wang , Hsiao-Mei Lin , Hai-Han Lu , Xu-Hong Huang , Yu-Chen Chung , Kelper Okram , Jia-Ming Lu
This study presents the transmission of fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) signals over bi-directional single-mode fiber (SMF)-negative dispersion fiber (NDF)-optical/5G NR wireless converged systems, using two cascaded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs). Downstream transmission of 5G NR 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals achieved an aggregate net bit rate of 228.037 Gb/s, comprising 59.813, 74.766, and 93.458 Gb/s at 150, 250, and 325 GHz, respectively. The system achieved a low bit error rate (BER) and clear constellation patterns. However, systems without NDF exceed the forward error correction 7% threshold, indicating the importance of NDF in compensating for fiber dispersion. Moreover, for upstream transmission, two cascaded RSOAs are used to transmit 5G 16-QAM-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals, achieving a total data rate of 40 Gb/s. The use of two cascaded RSOAs in the system significantly improved upstream performance, resulting in low BERs and clear constellation patterns. This system not only achieved high data rates but also extended transmission coverage to support the deployment of advanced 5G NR applications.
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