Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.200098
Chao Zeng, Hua Lu, D. Mao, Yueqing Du, He Hua, Wei Zhao, Jianlin Zhao
Metasurfaces, with extremely exotic capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves, have derived a plethora of advanced metadevices with intriguing functionalities. Tremendous endeavors have been mainly devoted to the static metasurfaces and metadevices, where the functionalities cannot be actively tuned in situ post-fabrication. Due to the intrinsic advantage of active tunability by external stimulus, graphene has been successively demonstrated as a favorable candidate to empower metasurfaces with remarkably dynamic tunability, and their recent advances are propelling the EM wave manipulations to a new height: from static to dynamic. Here, we review the recent progress on dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices enabled by graphene with the focus on electrically-controlled dynamic manipulation of the EM waves covering the mid-infrared, terahertz, and microwave regimes. The fundamentals of graphene, including basic material properties and plasmons, are first discussed. Then, graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices are divided into two categories, i.e., metasurfaces with building blocks of structured graphene and hybrid metasurfaces integrated with graphene, and their recent advances in dynamic spectrum manipulation, wavefront shaping, polarization control, and frequency conversion in near/far fields and global/local ways are elaborated. In the end, we summarize the progress, outline the remaining challenges, and prospect the potential future developments.
{"title":"Graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices","authors":"Chao Zeng, Hua Lu, D. Mao, Yueqing Du, He Hua, Wei Zhao, Jianlin Zhao","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.200098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.200098","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurfaces, with extremely exotic capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves, have derived a plethora of advanced metadevices with intriguing functionalities. Tremendous endeavors have been mainly devoted to the static metasurfaces and metadevices, where the functionalities cannot be actively tuned in situ post-fabrication. Due to the intrinsic advantage of active tunability by external stimulus, graphene has been successively demonstrated as a favorable candidate to empower metasurfaces with remarkably dynamic tunability, and their recent advances are propelling the EM wave manipulations to a new height: from static to dynamic. Here, we review the recent progress on dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices enabled by graphene with the focus on electrically-controlled dynamic manipulation of the EM waves covering the mid-infrared, terahertz, and microwave regimes. The fundamentals of graphene, including basic material properties and plasmons, are first discussed. Then, graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices are divided into two categories, i.e., metasurfaces with building blocks of structured graphene and hybrid metasurfaces integrated with graphene, and their recent advances in dynamic spectrum manipulation, wavefront shaping, polarization control, and frequency conversion in near/far fields and global/local ways are elaborated. In the end, we summarize the progress, outline the remaining challenges, and prospect the potential future developments.","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69515718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.210055
Alexey Wolf, A. Dostovalov, Kirill Bronnikov, M. Skvortsov, Stefan Wabnitz, S. Babin
In this article, we review recent advances in the technology of writing fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in selected cores of multicore fibers (MCFs) by using femtosecond laser pulses. The writing technology of such a key element as the FBG opens up wide opportunities for the creation of next generation fiber lasers and sensors based on MCFs. The advantages of the technology are shown by using the examples of 3D shape sensors, acoustic emission sensors with spatially multiplexed channels, as well as multicore fiber Raman lasers. et al. Advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers: technology, sensor and laser applications. Opto-Electron Adv 5 , 210055 (2022).
{"title":"Advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers: technology, sensor and laser applications","authors":"Alexey Wolf, A. Dostovalov, Kirill Bronnikov, M. Skvortsov, Stefan Wabnitz, S. Babin","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.210055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.210055","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we review recent advances in the technology of writing fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in selected cores of multicore fibers (MCFs) by using femtosecond laser pulses. The writing technology of such a key element as the FBG opens up wide opportunities for the creation of next generation fiber lasers and sensors based on MCFs. The advantages of the technology are shown by using the examples of 3D shape sensors, acoustic emission sensors with spatially multiplexed channels, as well as multicore fiber Raman lasers. et al. Advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers: technology, sensor and laser applications. Opto-Electron Adv 5 , 210055 (2022).","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69517411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.210123
Xiao Yang, Yue Lin, Tingzhu Wu, Zijun Yan, Zhong Chen, H. Kuo, Rong Zhang
{"title":"An overview on the principle of inkjet printing technique and its application in micro-display for augmented/virtual realities","authors":"Xiao Yang, Yue Lin, Tingzhu Wu, Zijun Yan, Zhong Chen, H. Kuo, Rong Zhang","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.210123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.210123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69519363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2023.220016
Yuanqing Wang, Jinghao Zhang, Yongchao Zheng, Yangrui Xu, Jiaqi Xu, Jiao Jiao, Yun Su, Hai-feng Lü, K. Liang
The Brillouin scattering spectrum has been used to investigate the properties of a liquid medium. Here, we propose an improved method based on the double-edge technique to obtain the Brillouin spectrum of a liquid. We calculated the transmission ratios and deduced the Brillouin shift and linewidth to construct the Brillouin spectrum by extracting the Brillouin edge signal through filtered double-edge data. We built a detection system to test the performance of this method and measured the Brillouin spectrum for distilled water at different temperatures and compared it with the theoretical pre-diction. The observed difference between the experimental and theoretical values for Brillouin shift and linewidth is less than 4.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz, respectively. Moreover, based on the double-edge technique, the accuracy of the extracted temperatures and salinity is approximately 0.1 °C and 0.5%, respectively, indicating significant potential for application in water detection and oceanography.
{"title":"Brillouin scattering spectrum for liquid detection and applications in oceanography","authors":"Yuanqing Wang, Jinghao Zhang, Yongchao Zheng, Yangrui Xu, Jiaqi Xu, Jiao Jiao, Yun Su, Hai-feng Lü, K. Liang","doi":"10.29026/oea.2023.220016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2023.220016","url":null,"abstract":"The Brillouin scattering spectrum has been used to investigate the properties of a liquid medium. Here, we propose an improved method based on the double-edge technique to obtain the Brillouin spectrum of a liquid. We calculated the transmission ratios and deduced the Brillouin shift and linewidth to construct the Brillouin spectrum by extracting the Brillouin edge signal through filtered double-edge data. We built a detection system to test the performance of this method and measured the Brillouin spectrum for distilled water at different temperatures and compared it with the theoretical pre-diction. The observed difference between the experimental and theoretical values for Brillouin shift and linewidth is less than 4.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz, respectively. Moreover, based on the double-edge technique, the accuracy of the extracted temperatures and salinity is approximately 0.1 °C and 0.5%, respectively, indicating significant potential for application in water detection and oceanography.","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69520807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.200046
Leiming Wu, Taojian Fan, Songrui Wei, Yijun Xu, Ye Zhang, Dingtao Ma, Yiqing Shu, Y. Xiang, Jun Liu, Jianqing Li, K. Panajotov, Yu Qin, Han Zhang
The Kerr nonlinearity in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials is emerging as an appealing and intriguing research area due to their prominent light processing, modulation, and manipulation abilities. In this contribution, 2D black arsenicphosphorus (B-AsP) nanosheets (NSs) were applied in nonlinear photonic devices based on spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) method. By applying the Kerr nonlinearity in 2D B-AsP, an all-optical phase-modulated system is proposed to realize the functions of “on” and “off” in all-optical switching. By using the same all-optical phase-modulated system, another optical logic gate is proposed, and the logical “or” function is obtained based on the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions. Moreover, by using the SSPM method, a 2D B-AsP/SnS2 hybrid structure is fabricated, and the result illustrates that the hybrid structure possesses the ability of the unidirectional nonlinear excitation, which helps in obtaining the function of spatial asymmetric light propagation. This function is considered an important prerequisite for the realization of diode functionalization, which is believed to be a factor in important basis for the design of isolators as well. The initial investigations indicate that 2D B-AsP is applicable for designing optical logical devices, which can be considered as an important development in all-optical information processing.
{"title":"All-optical logic devices based on black arsenic–phosphorus with strong nonlinear optical response and high stability","authors":"Leiming Wu, Taojian Fan, Songrui Wei, Yijun Xu, Ye Zhang, Dingtao Ma, Yiqing Shu, Y. Xiang, Jun Liu, Jianqing Li, K. Panajotov, Yu Qin, Han Zhang","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.200046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.200046","url":null,"abstract":"The Kerr nonlinearity in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials is emerging as an appealing and intriguing research area due to their prominent light processing, modulation, and manipulation abilities. In this contribution, 2D black arsenicphosphorus (B-AsP) nanosheets (NSs) were applied in nonlinear photonic devices based on spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) method. By applying the Kerr nonlinearity in 2D B-AsP, an all-optical phase-modulated system is proposed to realize the functions of “on” and “off” in all-optical switching. By using the same all-optical phase-modulated system, another optical logic gate is proposed, and the logical “or” function is obtained based on the 2D B-AsP NSs dispersions. Moreover, by using the SSPM method, a 2D B-AsP/SnS2 hybrid structure is fabricated, and the result illustrates that the hybrid structure possesses the ability of the unidirectional nonlinear excitation, which helps in obtaining the function of spatial asymmetric light propagation. This function is considered an important prerequisite for the realization of diode functionalization, which is believed to be a factor in important basis for the design of isolators as well. The initial investigations indicate that 2D B-AsP is applicable for designing optical logical devices, which can be considered as an important development in all-optical information processing.","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69515055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.210026
Yanxiang Zhang, Xiaofei Liu, Han Lin, Dan Wang, E. Cao, Shaoding Liu, Zhongquan Nie, B. Jia
The control of ultrafast optical field is of great interest in developing ultrafast optics as well as the investigation on various light-matter interactions with ultrashort pulses. However, conventional spatial encoding approaches have only limited steerable targets usually neglecting the temporal effect, thus hindering their broad applications. Here we present a new concept for realizing ultrafast modulation of multi-target focal fields based on the facile combination of time-dependent vectorial diffraction theory with fast Fourier transform. This is achieved by focusing femtosecond pulsed light carrying vectorial-vortex by a single objective lens under tight focusing condition. It is uncovered that the ultrafast temporal degree of freedom within a configurable temporal duration (~400 fs) plays a pivotal role in determining the rich and exotic features of the focused optical field at one time, namely, bright-dark alternation, periodic rotation, and longitudinal/transverse polarization conversion. The underlying control mechanisms have been unveiled. Besides being of academic interest in diverse ultrafast spectral regimes, these peculiar behaviors of the space-time evolutionary beams may underpin prolific ultrafast-related applications such as multifunctional integrated optical chip, high-efficiency laser trapping, microstructure rotation, super-resolution optical microscopy, precise optical measurement, and liveness tracking.
{"title":"Ultrafast multi-target control of tightly focused light fields","authors":"Yanxiang Zhang, Xiaofei Liu, Han Lin, Dan Wang, E. Cao, Shaoding Liu, Zhongquan Nie, B. Jia","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.210026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.210026","url":null,"abstract":"The control of ultrafast optical field is of great interest in developing ultrafast optics as well as the investigation on various light-matter interactions with ultrashort pulses. However, conventional spatial encoding approaches have only limited steerable targets usually neglecting the temporal effect, thus hindering their broad applications. Here we present a new concept for realizing ultrafast modulation of multi-target focal fields based on the facile combination of time-dependent vectorial diffraction theory with fast Fourier transform. This is achieved by focusing femtosecond pulsed light carrying vectorial-vortex by a single objective lens under tight focusing condition. It is uncovered that the ultrafast temporal degree of freedom within a configurable temporal duration (~400 fs) plays a pivotal role in determining the rich and exotic features of the focused optical field at one time, namely, bright-dark alternation, periodic rotation, and longitudinal/transverse polarization conversion. The underlying control mechanisms have been unveiled. Besides being of academic interest in diverse ultrafast spectral regimes, these peculiar behaviors of the space-time evolutionary beams may underpin prolific ultrafast-related applications such as multifunctional integrated optical chip, high-efficiency laser trapping, microstructure rotation, super-resolution optical microscopy, precise optical measurement, and liveness tracking.","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69516923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2022.210053
S. Dittrich, Maximilian Spellauge, S. Barcikowski, H. Huber, Bilal Gökce
{"title":"Time resolved studies reveal the origin of the unparalleled high efficiency of one nanosecond laser ablation in liquids","authors":"S. Dittrich, Maximilian Spellauge, S. Barcikowski, H. Huber, Bilal Gökce","doi":"10.29026/oea.2022.210053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2022.210053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69517323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29026/oea.2023.210149
Laiyang Dang, Ligang Huang, Lei-lei Shi, Fuhui Li, Guolu Yin, L. Gao, Tianyi Lan, Yujia Li, Lidan Jiang, T. Zhu
Ultra-high spectral purity lasers are of considerable research interests in numerous fields such as coherent optical communication, microwave photonics, distributed optical fiber sensing, gravitational wave detection, optical clock, and so on. Herein, to deeply purify laser spectrum with compact size under normal condition, we propose a novel and practical idea to effectively suppress the spontaneous radiation of the laser cavity through weak external distributed perturbation. Sub-sequently, a laser configuration consisting of a main lasing cavity and an external distributed feedback cavity is proposed. The feedback signal with continuous spatio-temporal phase transition controlled by a distributed feedback structure is injected into the main cavity, which can deeply suppress the coupling rate from the spontaneous radiation to the stimulated emission and extremely purify the laser spectrum. Eventually, an ultra-narrow linewidth on-chip laser system with a side mode suppression ratio greater than 80 dB, an output linewidth of 10 Hz, and a relative intensity noise less than -150 dB/Hz is successfully obtained under normal conditions. The proposed concept in this work provides a new perspective for extreme regulation of laser parameters by using weak external distributed perturbation, which can be val-id for various gain-type lasers with wide wavelength bands. Ultra-high from weak external distributed perturbation.
{"title":"Ultra-high spectral purity laser derived from weak external distributed perturbation","authors":"Laiyang Dang, Ligang Huang, Lei-lei Shi, Fuhui Li, Guolu Yin, L. Gao, Tianyi Lan, Yujia Li, Lidan Jiang, T. Zhu","doi":"10.29026/oea.2023.210149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2023.210149","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-high spectral purity lasers are of considerable research interests in numerous fields such as coherent optical communication, microwave photonics, distributed optical fiber sensing, gravitational wave detection, optical clock, and so on. Herein, to deeply purify laser spectrum with compact size under normal condition, we propose a novel and practical idea to effectively suppress the spontaneous radiation of the laser cavity through weak external distributed perturbation. Sub-sequently, a laser configuration consisting of a main lasing cavity and an external distributed feedback cavity is proposed. The feedback signal with continuous spatio-temporal phase transition controlled by a distributed feedback structure is injected into the main cavity, which can deeply suppress the coupling rate from the spontaneous radiation to the stimulated emission and extremely purify the laser spectrum. Eventually, an ultra-narrow linewidth on-chip laser system with a side mode suppression ratio greater than 80 dB, an output linewidth of 10 Hz, and a relative intensity noise less than -150 dB/Hz is successfully obtained under normal conditions. The proposed concept in this work provides a new perspective for extreme regulation of laser parameters by using weak external distributed perturbation, which can be val-id for various gain-type lasers with wide wavelength bands. Ultra-high from weak external distributed perturbation.","PeriodicalId":19611,"journal":{"name":"Opto-Electronic Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69520140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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