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Estimating minimum required dwell time for the heat sealing of talc containing polypropylene/low‐density polyethylene packaging films 估算含聚丙烯/低密度聚乙烯滑石包装薄膜热封所需的最小停留时间
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2716
I. Ilhan, M. van Drongelen, Roland ten Klooster, I. Gibson
Dwell time is one of the main parameters influencing heat seal quality and process efficiency in flexible packaging. In this study, the rheological behaviour of polypropylene (PP)/low‐density polyethylene (PE‐LD)‐based compound films containing different ratios of talc was examined. The minimum dwell time required to supply a sufficient sealing was estimated based on heat conduction time and reptation time. Reptation is a rheological concept used to described the behaviour of a polymer melt, and the reptation time is the time required for a molecule to escape from its surrounded entangled structure. The results showed that increased levels of talc are associated with elevated complex viscosities, storage and loss modulus as well as an increased seal strength. The estimated minimum required dwell time at the seal initiation temperature (SIT) dropped sharply with the initial introduction of 10 wt% talc. However, increasing the talc ratio to 30 wt% did not create any major change in the estimated time value. Also, observed T‐peel strength values for 0.1 and 0.5 s dwell time at SIT confirmed the predicted minimum required dwell time values. On the other hand, when the seal temperature is increased to the higher end of the operation window, time estimations did not match with the observed seal strengths. Here, the melting already starts and the molecules diffuse up to a certain distance before the interface temperature reaches the desired level. Recalculation of the average diffusion distance by including this pre‐melting situation can present a better approach for the temperatures above SIT. When the molecules diffused around halfway along the sealant thickness observed, seal strengths reached a sufficient level (2.5 N/25 mm) for both SIT and the highest end of the operation window. In conclusion, it has been revealed that knowing the reptation time and the required time for the heat conduction during the sealing process can help to predict the minimum required dwell time to achieve quality sealing, especially at low sealing temperatures. Additional surface characterizations also helped to elaborate on the influence of changing insoluble filler ratio on the seal initiation properties. It has been showed that the added talc increases the surface free energy and supplies easier wetting at the seal interface. Therefore, adding talc or a similar insoluble filler can help to make the heat sealing process more efficient.
停留时间是影响软包装热封质量和工艺效率的主要参数之一。在本研究中,研究了含不同比例滑石粉的聚丙烯(PP)/低密度聚乙烯(PE - LD)基复合薄膜的流变行为。提供充分密封所需的最小停留时间是根据热传导时间和重复时间估计的。重复是一个用于描述聚合物熔体行为的流变学概念,重复时间是分子从其包围的纠缠结构中逃脱所需的时间。结果表明,滑石粉含量的增加与复合粘度、储存和损失模量的增加以及密封强度的增加有关。在密封起始温度(SIT)下估计的最小所需停留时间随着初始引入10 wt%滑石粉而急剧下降。然而,将滑石比例增加到30% wt%并没有对估计的时间值产生任何重大变化。此外,观察到的T -剥离强度值在停留时间为0.1和0.5 s的SIT下证实了预测的最小所需停留时间值。另一方面,当密封温度升高到操作窗口的较高一端时,时间估计与观察到的密封强度不匹配。在这里,熔化已经开始,分子在界面温度达到所需水平之前扩散到一定距离。重新计算平均扩散距离,包括这种预熔化情况,可以为高于SIT的温度提供更好的方法。当分子沿着观察到的密封胶厚度的一半扩散时,密封强度达到了足够的水平(2.5 N/25 mm),可以满足SIT和操作窗口的最高端。综上所述,了解密封过程中热传导的重复时间和所需时间有助于预测实现高质量密封所需的最小停留时间,特别是在低密封温度下。附加的表面表征也有助于阐明改变不溶性填料比例对起封性能的影响。结果表明,滑石的加入增加了表面自由能,使密封界面更容易润湿。因此,添加滑石或类似的不溶性填料有助于提高热封过程的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Moisture ingress in commercial steel drums: Water content determination, diffusion modelling and predicted permeation rates 商业钢桶中的水分侵入。水分含量测定、扩散模型和预测渗透率
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2715
Christian G. Bustillos, M. Bora, Gabriella King, Sarah Matt, C. Haertling, W. D. Du Frane
Commercial steel drums underpin the global economy, playing a pivotal role in the storage and transportation of critical materials. Transported and stored materials, such as food, chemical and nuclear waste, can be sensitive to ambient conditions, particularly moisture that can enhance negative effects such as corrosion and material degradation. Although international standards and regulations are in place for the qualification of steel drums, there are no current testing requirements, established limits or boundaries for the permeation of moisture into the drums during transportation or storage. This work aims to provide insights into the moisture ingress over time into properly sealed steel drums and provides estimated moisture ingress rates over time through extrapolation. Water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) measurements through the gasket material at 10–40°C were 0.11–2.1 g/m2/day resulting in a permeation activation energy of 30.2 kJ/mol. Water sorption measurements and Karl Fischer titration (KFT) on ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) gasket material revealed a decrease in equilibrium moisture saturation with increasing temperature. KFT measurements also revealed the presence of moisture within the adhesive and drum wall after exposure to ambient conditions. KFT and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) show that moisture will desorb from the EPDM and drum wall after exposure to desiccating conditions, although a minimal amount of moisture will remain present. When sealed to the manufacturer's recommendations, the steel drums are effective in minimizing moisture ingress. In sealed empty drums, moisture ingress rates for 19‐L drums were 0.4–1.5 mg/day at 25°C 15% relative humidity (RH) and increased to 7.1–8.8 mg/day at 40°C 90% RH, and moisture ingress rates for 210‐L drums were 2.5 and 3.5 mg/day at field deployment conditions of 15.5°C 51.5% RH and 23°C 40% RH, respectively.
商用钢桶支撑着全球经济,在关键材料的储存和运输中发挥着关键作用。运输和储存的材料,如食品、化学和核废料,可能对环境条件很敏感,特别是湿度,会增强腐蚀和材料降解等负面影响。虽然国际标准和法规对钢桶的鉴定已经到位,但目前还没有测试要求,也没有在运输或储存过程中水分渗透到桶中的限制或边界。这项工作旨在深入了解随着时间的推移,水分进入适当密封的钢桶,并通过外推法提供估计的水分进入率。在10-40℃时,通过衬垫材料的水蒸气透过率(WVTR)测量值为0.11-2.1 g/m2/day,其渗透活化能为30.2 kJ/mol。对乙丙二烯单体(EPDM)垫片材料的吸水性测量和卡尔费休滴定(KFT)表明,随着温度的升高,平衡水分饱和度降低。KFT测量还显示,暴露于环境条件后,粘合剂和鼓壁内存在水分。KFT和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)显示,暴露于干燥条件后,水分将从EPDM和鼓壁上解吸,尽管仍有少量水分存在。当按照制造商的建议密封时,钢桶可以有效地减少水分进入。在密封的空桶中,19‐L桶在25°C 15%相对湿度(RH)下的吸湿率为0.4-1.5 mg/天,在40°C 90% RH下增加到7.1-8.8 mg/天,210‐L桶在15.5°C 51.5% RH和23°C 40% RH的现场部署条件下的吸湿率分别为2.5和3.5 mg/天。
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引用次数: 0
Application of biodegradable film as modified atmosphere packaging for red chili (Capsicum annuum cv. Jinda) 可生物降解薄膜在红辣椒气调包装中的应用。Jinda)
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2714
Dane Archibald G. Balanon, Amporn Sane, Piyawanee Jariyasakoolroj, Pattarin Leelaphiwat
Biodegradable blend films containing thermoplastic starch (TPS), polylactic acid (PLA), and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) were assessed for red chili storage under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 10°C. Performances of biodegradable blend films were compared to polypropylene (PP) film and the control (unpacked). Gas permeabilities and permeability ratios were determined to measure the ability of the films to create an optimal atmosphere for red chili storage. PP film attained values close to the recommended MAP gas concentrations and maintained desirable chili quality parameters up to the 15th day. Biodegradable films did not achieve the recommended MAP gas concentrations, but high water vapor permeability prevented moisture loss and maintained firmness and overall quality. No discoloration was recorded in all MAP treatments, while biochemical parameters showed a decreasing trend, with measured levels significantly higher in MAP samples than unpacked samples. MAP for red chili was achieved using a packaging system, with similar gas permeabilities to PP film but with significantly higher water vapor permeability.
研究了含有热塑性淀粉(TPS)、聚乳酸(PLA)和聚己二酸丁二烯-对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PBAT)的可生物降解共混薄膜在10℃下的改性气氛包装(MAP)下的红辣椒储存性能。将生物可降解共混膜与聚丙烯(PP)膜及对照(未包装)膜的性能进行了比较。测定了薄膜的透气性和透气性比,以衡量薄膜为红辣椒储存创造最佳气氛的能力。PP薄膜达到了接近推荐MAP气体浓度的值,并保持了理想的辣椒品质参数,直到第15天。生物可降解薄膜没有达到推荐的MAP气体浓度,但高水蒸气渗透性防止了水分流失,保持了硬度和整体质量。所有MAP处理均未发生变色,但生化参数呈下降趋势,MAP样品的测量水平显著高于未包装样品。MAP为红辣椒是实现使用包装系统,具有类似的气体透气性PP薄膜,但具有显著更高的水蒸气透气性。
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引用次数: 3
Aligning sustainable development goals with Industry 4.0 for the design of business model for printing and packaging companies 将可持续发展目标与工业4.0相结合,设计印刷包装企业的商业模式
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2713
A. Kluczek, B. Gladysz, A. Buczacki, K. Krystosiak, Krzysztof Ejsmont, E. Palmer
Growing concern for Industry 4.0 (I4.0) motivates to examine I4.0 technologies under the lens of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the context of digital technologies. The goal of the paper is to align SDGs with selected I4.0 technologies to conceptualize a digital business model for printing and packaging companies. In this perspective, a comprehensive literature review, quantitative survey and qualitative individual in‐depth interviews were conducted as a research approach. Findings revealed that printing and packaging companies achieved SDGs (8, 9 and 12) mostly through their value proposition by supporting I4.0 components (cybersecurity, system integration, cloud computing, big data and Internet of things [IoT]). The business model affirms a digital‐oriented transition towards sustainability, fostering further development of I4.0. It also highlights the importance of redesigning traditional business models to embrace digitalization. Despite the study limitations, the business model can be adapted to other companies of various sectors, improving their ‘profit centres’.
对工业4.0 (I4.0)日益增长的关注促使人们在数字技术背景下,在可持续发展目标(sdg)的视角下审视工业4.0技术。本文的目标是将可持续发展目标与选定的工业4.0技术结合起来,为印刷和包装公司概念化数字商业模式。在这一视角下,本研究采用了全面的文献综述、定量调查和定性的个体深度访谈作为研究方法。调查结果显示,印刷和包装公司主要通过支持工业4.0组件(网络安全、系统集成、云计算、大数据和物联网)的价值主张来实现可持续发展目标(8、9和12)。该商业模式肯定了向可持续发展的数字化转型,促进了工业4.0的进一步发展。它还强调了重新设计传统商业模式以接受数字化的重要性。尽管研究存在局限性,但这种商业模式可以适用于不同行业的其他公司,从而改善它们的“利润中心”。
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引用次数: 3
Mapping class learning outcomes of the core curriculum to university learning goals at Michigan State University's School of Packaging 密歇根州立大学包装学院将核心课程的课堂学习成果映射到大学学习目标
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2712
R. Auras, Laura Bix, Dian Xu, Cimberly Weir, Matthew Daum, E. Almenar, Angela Brann, Ronald Iwaszkiewicz, D. Kamdem, M. Mahmoudi, John Marshall, Mohammad Mohiuddin, Muhammad Rabnawaz, A. Joodaky, Euihark Lee
Class learning outcomes (CLOs) supporting the interdisciplinary curriculum of the School of Packaging (SoP) at Michigan State University (MSU) were mapped to competency‐based, programmatic learning outcomes (CPLOs) undergirded by broad learning goals of the University (MSU‐LGs). Six CPLOs related to the core curriculum, including the ability to design and evaluate packaging systems, as well as students' professionalism and teamwork skills, were developed using consensus building with all teaching faculty. Relationships, from specific to broad (i.e., CLOs to CPLOs to MSU‐LGs), were mapped with the SoP faculty. This mapping scheme (class‐specific CLOs supporting broader program CPLOs and, ultimately, MSU‐LGs) was developed to guarantee alignment of expectations for learning from the course to the packaging program to the MSU‐LGs. From Fall 2018 until Fall 2019, assessment tools, including rubrics and assignments intended to evaluate learning, were developed to assess core and elective courses offered by the SoP. Data collection of each student's performance was conducted utilizing Watermark's VIA software from Fall 2018 until Fall 2021 and continuous. Assessment of student performance provided evidence of learning across the SoP curriculum as well as how CLOs, delivered and assessed at the individual student level, translate into competence achieved at the programmatic and university levels.
支持密歇根州立大学(MSU)包装学院(SoP)跨学科课程的课堂学习成果(CLOs)被映射为基于能力的计划性学习成果(CPLOs),该成果以大学(MSU - LGs)的广泛学习目标为基础。六个与核心课程相关的CPLOs,包括设计和评估包装系统的能力,以及学生的专业精神和团队合作技能,是通过与所有教师建立共识而开发的。关系,从特定到广泛(即,clo到CPLOs到MSU - LGs),与SoP教员进行了映射。这种映射方案(类特定clo支持更广泛的程序CPLOs,最终,MSU - LGs)的开发是为了保证从课程到包装程序到MSU - LGs的学习期望的一致性。从2018年秋季到2019年秋季,开发了评估工具,包括用于评估学习的标准和作业,以评估SoP提供的核心课程和选修课程。从2018年秋季到2021年秋季,使用Watermark的VIA软件对每个学生的表现进行数据收集,并持续进行。对学生表现的评估提供了学习SoP课程的证据,以及CLOs如何在学生个人水平上交付和评估,转化为项目和大学水平上取得的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Interactions of fast‐moving consumer goods in cooking: Insights from a quantitative ethnographic study 快速消费品在烹饪中的相互作用:来自定量民族志研究的见解
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2710
G. Berumen, J. Fischer, M. Baumers
Fast‐moving consumer goods (FMCGs) are increasingly equipped with enhanced packaging that incorporates novel functionalities. Providing FMCGs with this technology is challenging due to their unique characteristics, such as their low cost and short lifespan. Knowledge derived from a comprehension of their interactions in practice can help develop FMCGs that better cater to consumer needs and are well‐integrated into real‐world contexts. To help develop a method for the formation of such practical insights, 20 households were visited where participants were then observed as they cooked a meal. The sessions were captured on video, and a detailed record of the interactions between individuals, FMCGs and other items was made. A quantitative ethnographic approach was applied to analyse and build an understanding of different aspects of these interactions including their frequential, sequential and correlational features. The findings are discussed through the lens of how an appreciation of the interactions of FMCGs can serve as a valuable guidance for the design and development of their enhanced counterparts. The discovery that FMCGs are linked to the use of other items, for instance, is proposed as an opportunity to make use of the unique properties of the other items that a given FMCG commonly interacts with as a resource to create functionalities. As an exploratory reflection of how FMCGs are utilised in practice, the methods and knowledge presented in this study can be valuable in creating enhanced FMCGs by advocating for a product development process in which decisions are firmly grounded in empirical insights.
快速消费品(fmcg)越来越多地配备了包含新功能的增强包装。由于其独特的特性,如低成本和短寿命,为快速消费品提供这种技术具有挑战性。从实践中对两者相互作用的理解中获得的知识可以帮助开发出更好地满足消费者需求并与现实世界相结合的快速消费品。为了帮助开发一种形成这种实际见解的方法,我们访问了20个家庭,然后观察参与者做饭的过程。这些过程都被录了下来,并详细记录了个人、快速消费品和其他物品之间的互动。定量人种学方法被应用于分析和建立对这些相互作用的不同方面的理解,包括它们的频率、顺序和相关特征。研究结果通过对快速消费品相互作用的认识如何为其增强型对应产品的设计和开发提供有价值的指导来讨论。例如,快速消费品与其他物品的使用相关联的发现,被认为是利用其他物品的独特属性的机会,而这些属性通常是快速消费品与其他物品相互作用的资源,以创造功能。作为对快速消费品在实践中如何使用的探索性反思,本研究中提出的方法和知识可以通过倡导产品开发过程来创造增强型快速消费品,其中决策牢固地建立在经验见解的基础上。
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引用次数: 0
Buriti oil and natural surfactant improve the properties of cassava starch and carboxymethylcellulose films Buriti油和天然表面活性剂改善了木薯淀粉和羧甲基纤维素薄膜的性能
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2711
Rogério Willian Silva dos Santos, Deocleciano Cassiano de Santana Neto, M. S. Leite, R. M. M. Jorge, T. L. P. Dantas
Due to the environmental problem related to the disposal of non‐biodegradable packaging and its aggravation during the COVID‐19 pandemic, buriti oil (BO) and Yucca schidigera (YS) surfactant were added to the cassava starch and carboxymethylcellulose films to create a new emulsified biofilm with better properties. The influence of BO and YS on mechanical and barrier properties was evaluated. All properties differed significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the base film. Incorporation of BO and YS increased tensile strength by 1.100% and opacity by 375% and reduced elongation. In addition, the two variables generated a reduction in water vapour permeability (~47%) and water solubility (~70%), making the films less hydrophilic. Both attenuated total reflectance (ATR)–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were able to generate important correlations, observing the effects of BO and YS on the uniformity and cohesion of the structures of the emulsified films. Overall, the emulsified films showed great potential for application as primary and/or secondary packaging.
针对新型冠状病毒(COVID - 19)大流行期间不可生物降解包装处理带来的环境问题,在木薯淀粉膜和羧甲基纤维素膜中添加布里提油(BO)和丝兰(YS)表面活性剂,制备了性能更好的新型乳化生物膜。评价了BO和YS对材料力学性能和阻隔性能的影响。与基础膜相比,各项性能均有显著差异(p < 0.05)。BO和YS的掺入使拉伸强度提高1.100%,不透明度提高375%,伸长率降低。此外,这两个变量导致水蒸气渗透性(~47%)和水溶性(~70%)降低,使膜的亲水性降低。衰减全反射(ATR) -傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)都能产生重要的相关性,观察到BO和YS对乳化膜结构均匀性和内聚性的影响。总的来说,乳化膜在初级和/或二次包装方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of needs the production of 5 L pet bottles and cost analysis 确定5l宠物瓶的生产需求和成本分析
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2706
Mustafa Timur
Many parameters are used in bottle production in pet blow moulding machines. These parameters must be well optimized considering the machine‐related elements and theoretical values. In particular, the use of auxiliary elements at the correct values in the production of pet bottles affects the quality of produced bottles and the efficiency of bottle production. The right choice of equipment is important for the correct and precise planning of production. In this article, the equipment necessary for the production of 5 L pet bottles were identified, and the capacity calculations of this equipment were performed. Then, an up‐to‐date cost calculation was made, and appropriate conditions were created for production with the use of the right equipment in this field. This study was carried out in 2021 in Turkey at the Private Plastic Pet production plant, and cost analysis was performed successfully by determining the appropriate needs regarding the production.
在pet吹塑成型机的制瓶过程中,使用了许多参数。考虑到与机器相关的元素和理论值,这些参数必须得到很好的优化。特别是在pet瓶的生产中,辅助元素在正确数值上的使用,影响着所生产瓶的质量和制瓶效率。正确的设备选择对于正确和精确的生产计划非常重要。本文确定了生产5l pet瓶所需的设备,并对该设备的容量进行了计算。然后,进行了最新的成本计算,并在该领域使用合适的设备为生产创造了合适的条件。该研究于2021年在土耳其的私人塑料宠物生产厂进行,并通过确定有关生产的适当需求成功地进行了成本分析。
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引用次数: 1
Increasing the dosing accuracy of a screw dosing device by inline measurement of the product density 通过在线测量产品密度来提高螺杆加药装置的加药精度
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2703
F. Kruppa, Uta Weiß, B. Oberdorfer, B. Wilke
Fine‐powdered bulk materials exhibit high compressibility even under low pressure. The dosing error in volumetric dosing devices increases fundamentally with increasing product compressibility. In order to increase the dosing accuracy of a volumetric dosing of powdered bulk solids, the dosing process must be adapted to the product parameters. The most important parameter is the time‐variable product density. With a pure volumetric dosage, it has a direct influence on the actually filled product quantity. Attempts are often made to obtain feedback by means of a scale in order to continuously adjust the volume. However, this is often associated with a delay. In this article, the approach is to measure the product mass flow directly by means of a microwave sensor and to regulate it to a predetermined mass flow. The experimental investigations were carried out with a screw dosing device FVS 3111. Two scenarios were tested: on the one hand, the integration of the sensor directly at the product delivery point, whereby the difference of the average value of the dosed quantity to the target weight could be improved with the sample product coffee; on the other, the sensor was integrated directly at the beginning of the screw and the remaining product flow was simulated. A reduction of the standard deviation compared with the conventional control could also be achieved, but here, the difference between the average of the dosed quantity and the nominal quantity is greater. The cause is presumed to be the too generalized assumption of product behaviour in the case of vertical conveying by means of a screw. In summary, the dosing accuracy of a screw dosing device could be increased by measuring and regulating the mass flow and thus the costs of a manufactured packaging could be reduced.
细粉状块状材料即使在低压下也表现出高压缩性。体积加药装置的加药误差随着产品压缩性的增加而基本增加。为了提高粉状散装固体体积计量的计量精度,计量过程必须适应产品参数。最重要的参数是随时间变化的产品密度。在纯体积剂量下,它直接影响实际填充的产品数量。为了不断地调节音量,经常尝试用刻度来获得反馈。然而,这通常伴随着延迟。本文的方法是利用微波传感器直接测量产品的质量流量,并将其调节到预定的质量流量。采用螺旋加药装置FVS 3111进行了实验研究。测试了两种场景:一方面,传感器直接集成在产品交付点,通过样品产品咖啡可以改善给药量的平均值与目标重量的差异;另一方面,传感器直接集成在螺杆的开始,并模拟剩余的产品流动。与常规控制相比,也可以实现标准偏差的减小,但在这里,给药量的平均值与标称量之间的差异更大。其原因被认为是产品行为的过于广义的假设,在垂直输送的情况下,通过一个螺旋的手段。总之,螺旋加药装置的加药精度可以通过测量和调节质量流量来提高,从而可以降低制造包装的成本。
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引用次数: 0
Biopolymers for packaging applications: An overview 包装应用的生物聚合物:概述
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/pts.2707
Subodh K. Juikar, S. Warkar
Biopolymers are fourth generation packaging materials. Due to the shortcomings of the petrochemical‐based polymers and their threat to the environment, biopolymers are seen as the sustainable substitute for traditional synthetic polymers and have attracted the researchers towards the development of biopolymer‐based packaging materials. However, biopolymers suffer from flaws like inferior mechanical strength and thermal stability, which poses its inability to use at industrial scale. The recent studies thus highlighted the different modification methods such as reactive or nonreactive compatibilisation to conquer such issues. The present article recapitulates the various biopolymers developed in the recent past, modification methods for their processing and their packaging applications.
生物聚合物是第四代包装材料。由于石油化工基聚合物的缺点及其对环境的威胁,生物聚合物被视为传统合成聚合物的可持续替代品,并吸引了研究人员对生物聚合物基包装材料的开发。然而,生物聚合物存在机械强度和热稳定性较差等缺陷,这使得它无法在工业规模上使用。因此,最近的研究强调了不同的改性方法,如反应性或非反应性相容性来克服这些问题。本文概述了近年来发展起来的各种生物聚合物,它们的加工和包装应用的改性方法。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Packaging Technology and Science
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