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Exploring The Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review 1,2,4-三唑类衍生物的合成研究综述
Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1263834
R. Omer, Rzgar Farooq Rashid, Khdir A. Othman
The pharmacological activities of triazole derivatives have been studied extensively by researchers. Different derivatives of triazole have showed promise in treating various diseases. Most triazole derivatives have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. The ability of these compounds to modulate various biological processes has made them attractive for pharmaceutical development. Furthermore, the low cost and wide availability of triazoles have made them even more attractive for drug development. In addition to the pharmacological activities, triazole derivatives have also been reported to possess antioxidant properties. Studies have shown that 1,2,3-triazole can protect against oxidative damage and inhibit lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, 1,2,4-triazole has been found to act as an antioxidant and scavenge free radicals. The antioxidant properties of triazoles make them attractive for the development of new drugs. The synthesis of triazole derivatives has also been studied extensively. Various methods have been developed to synthesize triazole derivatives, including chemical and enzymatic methods. Chemical methods involve the formation of cyclic structures by the reaction of alkyl halides with azides. Enzymatic methods involve the use.
三唑类衍生物的药理活性已被研究者广泛研究。三唑的不同衍生物在治疗各种疾病方面显示出希望。大多数三唑衍生物具有抗炎、抗癌、抗菌和抗真菌活性。这些化合物调节各种生物过程的能力使它们对药物开发具有吸引力。此外,三唑的低成本和广泛可用性使它们对药物开发更具吸引力。除了药理活性外,三唑衍生物还具有抗氧化特性。研究表明,1,2,3-三唑具有抗氧化损伤和抑制脂质过氧化的作用。此外,1,2,4-三唑还具有抗氧化和清除自由基的作用。三唑类化合物的抗氧化性能使其成为开发新药的热点。三唑类衍生物的合成也得到了广泛的研究。合成三唑衍生物的方法多种多样,包括化学方法和酶法。化学方法包括通过烷基卤化物与叠氮化物的反应形成环状结构。酶促法涉及使用。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of structural properties of Pr-doped hydroxyapatites synthesized via an ultrasonic-assisted wet chemical method 超声辅助湿化学法制备掺pr羟基磷灰石的结构性质研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1287104
Tankut Ates, N. Bulut, O. Kaygili, S. Keser
In this study, the effects of the duration of ultrasonication for Pr-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses. 0.25at.%Pr-containing HA samples were prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted wet chemical route using different ultrasonication times of 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. The formation of the HA phase was confirmed by the FT-IR and XRD data for each sample. The morphology was significantly affected by the duration of ultrasonication. Compared to the untreated sample, remarkable decreases in both the crystallite size and the crystallinity were observed with the duration of ultrasonication.
采用x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)分析研究了超声对掺pr羟基磷灰石(HA)的影响。0.25。采用超声波辅助湿化学法制备含% pr的HA样品,超声时间分别为0、30、60、90和120 min。每个样品的FT-IR和XRD数据证实了HA相的形成。超声时间对其形态有显著影响。与未经处理的样品相比,随着超声处理时间的延长,晶体大小和结晶度均显著降低。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum Chemical Study of Some Basic Organic Compounds as the Corrosion Inhibitors 一些碱性有机化合物作为缓蚀剂的量子化学研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1263803
Lana Ahmed, N. Bulut, O. Kaygili, R. Omer
The corrosion inhibitor activities of 10 molecules (Benzene (C1), Phenol (C2), Toluene (C3), Benzoic acid (C4), Acetophenone (C5), Chlorobenzene (C6), Bromobenzene (C7), Benzaldehyde (C8), Naphthalene (C9), and Anthracene (C10) were investigated using quantum mechanical methods. The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), the energy of the lowest occupied molecular orbital (ELUMO), the energy bandgap (E = ELUMO - EHOMO), and the dipole moment (μ) were all estimated in this study. The parameters mentioned can provide information about the corrosion efficiency of organic compounds. In addition, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine the geometry of the molecules as well as the electronic properties of the compounds. Physical parameters such as chemical hardness (ɳ), softness (σ), and electronegativity (χ) were determined using B3LYP/6-31G (d, p). As well as the quantum chemistry properties like the fraction of electrons transported (ΔN) between the iron surface and the titled compounds have been calculated. This research also aimed to find which variables have a significant linear relationship with inhibitory performance. According to the results, the behavior of organic-based corrosion inhibitors is related to the effectiveness of good corrosion inhibitors and the quantum chemical parameters measured during this process. As a result, corrosion inhibitor behavior can be predicted without the need for an experiment.
采用量子力学方法研究了苯(C1)、苯酚(C2)、甲苯(C3)、苯甲酸(C4)、苯乙酮(C5)、氯苯(C6)、溴苯(C7)、苯甲醛(C8)、萘(C9)、蒽(C10)等10种分子的缓蚀剂活性。本文还计算了其最高已占据轨道(EHOMO)的能量、最低已占据轨道(ELUMO)的能量、能带隙(E = ELUMO - EHOMO)和偶极矩(μ)。上述参数可以提供有关有机化合物腐蚀效率的信息。此外,密度泛函理论(DFT)用于确定分子的几何形状以及化合物的电子性质。利用B3LYP/6-31G (d, p)测定了化学硬度(%)、柔软度(σ)和电负性(χ)等物理参数,并计算了铁表面与化合物之间的电子传递率(ΔN)等量子化学性质。本研究还旨在发现哪些变量与抑制表现有显著的线性关系。结果表明,有机基缓蚀剂的行为与良好缓蚀剂的有效性和在此过程中测量的量子化学参数有关。因此,不需要实验就可以预测缓蚀剂的行为。
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引用次数: 0
Solvents Effect on 4-Phenyl-5-(2-Thienyl)-2,4-Dihydro-3H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-Thion Molecule: Experimental And Theoretical Study 溶剂对4-苯基-5-(2-噻吩基)-2,4-二氢- 3h -1,2,4-三唑-3-硫离子分子的影响:实验和理论研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1285639
M. Temüz, P. Koparir, M. Yildirim
In this study 4-phenyl-5-(2-thienyl)-2, 4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thion was synthesized using experimental method and later characterized using spectroscopic methods. The titled molecule is then designed, optimized and charaterized with theoretical first principle method. The result compared and the titled molecule is solvated with polar and non-polar solvent to see the effect of their interaction and changes that occurs in the spectroscopic results.
本研究采用实验方法合成了4-苯基-5-(2-噻吩基)- 2,4-二氢- 3h -1,2,4-三唑-3-硫离子,并用光谱方法对其进行了表征。然后用理论第一性原理法对标题分子进行了设计、优化和表征。将结果进行比较,并将标题分子与极性溶剂和非极性溶剂溶剂化,观察它们相互作用的影响和光谱结果的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Density Function Theory Study of the Physicochemical Characteristics of 2-nitrophenol 2-硝基苯酚理化性质的密度函数理论研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1273771
Othman Hamad, Rebaz OBAID KAREEM, O. Kaygili
2-Nitrophenol (2-NP) is utilized in the production of bio-refractory organic compounds, and petrochemicals, and in the synthesis of many drugs and weed killers. The chemical structure of 2-NP is C6H5NO3. The structure of 2-NP is important as the nitro group (NO2. In this present investigation, the Gaussian 5.0 program was used to compute the difference in energy level that exists between the HOMO and LUMO states of the BGs.This information was then used to optimize the shape of the 2-NP structures using DFT methods. The 3-21G/B3LYP base set has a minimum value for the BG energy of 3.48 eV. This is the minimum value that can be achieved. The DOS for 2-NP was measured to have its maximum possible value of 2.23 ev/atom. According to the results of the IR, and Raman spectrum, the C-H stretching vibration peak for 2-NP was found to be between 3208.96 cm-1 and 3243.76 cm-1. The maximum excitation energy was analyzed at a wavelength of 382.1 nm, and the oscillator strength was determined at 0.0537 UV Spectroscopy. In the potential energy map (PE), the colors are changed from blue to red in the range of -4.442e-2 to 4.442e-2.
2-硝基苯酚(2-NP)被用于生产生物难降解有机化合物、石油化工产品,以及许多药物和除草剂的合成。2-NP的化学结构为C6H5NO3。2-NP的结构与硝基(NO2)一样重要。在本研究中,采用高斯5.0程序计算了BGs的HOMO态和LUMO态之间存在的能级差。然后使用DFT方法将这些信息用于优化2-NP结构的形状。3-21G/B3LYP基组的BG能量最小值为3.48 eV。这是可以达到的最小值。测量了2-NP的DOS,其最大可能值为2.23 ev/原子。根据红外光谱和拉曼光谱结果,发现2-NP的C-H拉伸振动峰在3208.96 cm-1 ~ 3243.76 cm-1之间。在382.1 nm波长处分析了最大激发能,在0.0537紫外光谱处测定了振荡强度。在势能图(PE)中,在- 4.4422 e-2到4.4422 e-2的范围内,颜色由蓝色变为红色。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of K- Serotonin Structure Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance by Quantum Chemical Methods 核磁共振量子化学方法研究K- 5 -羟色胺结构
Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1201785
Mücahit Yilmaz, Hanifi Kebiroglu
In this study, the K- Serotonin structure formed by adding potassium to Serotonin (5-HT) was investigated by quantum chemical methods. 5-hydroxytryptamine is a neurotransmitter that affects mood, making people feel happy and energetic. 5-HT and 5-HT-potassium were optimized with some base sets to find the optimal band gap using the density function theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) method. The most suitable DFT/LanL2DZ was selected for the structure with and without additives. By calculating the values for 5-HT and K-5-HT, the effects of potassium on 5-HT binding were compared.
本研究采用量子化学方法研究了在5-羟色胺(5-HT)中加入钾后形成的K- 5-羟色胺结构。5-羟色胺是一种影响情绪的神经递质,使人感到快乐和精力充沛。利用密度泛函理论(DFT)和Hartree-Fock (HF)方法对5-HT和5-HT-钾离子进行了基集优化,找到了最优带隙。在添加和不添加添加剂的情况下,选择了最合适的DFT/LanL2DZ。通过计算5-HT和K-5-HT的值,比较钾对5-HT结合的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Inhibition of Aluminium Alloy Corrosion by Thiourea and Lithium Ion in 3.5 % NaCl Solution Using Gravimetric, Adsorption and Theoretical Studies. 硫脲和锂离子在3.5% NaCl溶液中缓蚀铝合金的重量、吸附和理论研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-27 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1198578
Emmanel Nleonu
The adsorption and inhibition performance of thiourea and lithium ion on aluminium corrosion in 3.5% NaCl were investigated using gravimetric measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and quantum chemical computational techniques respectively. Gravimetric analysis revealed that thiourea has a good inhibitory efficacy of 82% at 1 mM concentration of thiourea on the corrosion inhibition of aluminum under the conditions studied. Also, poor inhibitory effects were recorded with an increase in the concentration of inhibitor, and improvement in inhibition efficiency was observed with the addition of lithium ion. In addition, the effects of temperature (303–333K) on corrosion inhibition was investigated. The findings showed that the effectiveness of the inhibition rises with temperature. The adsorption of thiourea molecules onto an aluminium surface followed the Temkin adsorption isotherm, while the mixed inhibitor of thiourea and lithium ion followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. SEM results confirmed that the inhibition mechanism is due to the formation of a protective thin film on the aluminium surfaces that prevents corrosion. Quantum chemical calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) revealed that the presence of sulphur and nitrogen in the structure of thiourea molecules is responsible for the strong inhibitory performance due to possible adsorption with Al atoms on the metal surface. The computed experimental and theoretical parameters in this investigation are in good agreement.
采用重量法、扫描电镜(SEM)和量子化学计算技术分别研究了硫脲和锂离子在3.5% NaCl溶液中对铝腐蚀的吸附和缓蚀性能。重量分析表明,在所研究条件下,硫脲浓度为1mm时对铝的缓蚀效果为82%。随着抑制剂浓度的增加,抑制效果较差,而随着锂离子的加入,抑制效果有所提高。此外,还研究了温度(303 ~ 333k)对缓蚀性能的影响。结果表明,抑制效果随温度升高而升高。硫脲分子在铝表面的吸附遵循Temkin吸附等温线,硫脲与锂离子混合抑制剂的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温线模型。扫描电镜结果证实,抑制机制是由于在铝表面形成保护薄膜,防止腐蚀。基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的量子化学计算表明,硫脲分子结构中的硫和氮的存在是由于金属表面可能与Al原子吸附而具有强抑制性能的原因。计算得到的实验参数与理论参数吻合较好。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of Propyphenazone Molecule by Quantum Chemical Methods 用量子化学方法研究丙苯那酮分子
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1184174
Hanifi Kebiroglu, Öznur Büyük, N. Bulut
Computational chemistry approaches were used to manage the phenazone molecule. The phenazone molecule was optimized at the 3-21G (d) level. The structural parameters were investigated. IR and NMR techniques, which are spectroscopic approaches, were used to determine the structure. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy, hardness (η), softness (σ), chemical potential (μ), electronegativity (χ), electrophilicity index (ω), nucleophilicity index (ε), the electron accepting power (ω+), electron-donating power (ω-), and polarizability of the propyphenazone molecule were investigated. NMR spectra for 1H and 13C, as well as UV-Vis spectra, were obtained. HOMO-LUMO and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses were carried out. The theoretical calculations for the molecular structure and spectroscopy were done using the Gaussian 09 software with HF and 3-211G (d) basis set calculations. The GaussSum 3 software was used to compute the density of state (DOS).
计算化学方法用于管理非那酮分子。在3-21G (d)水平对非那酮分子进行优化。对结构参数进行了研究。红外和核磁共振技术,这是光谱方法,被用来确定结构。研究了丙基苯那酮分子的最高已占据分子轨道能(HOMO)、最低未占据分子轨道能(LUMO)、硬度(η)、柔软度(σ)、化学势(μ)、电负性(χ)、亲电性指数(ω)、亲核性指数(ε)、接受电子能力(ω+)、给电子能力(ω-)和极化率。得到了1H、13C的核磁共振谱和紫外可见光谱。进行了HOMO-LUMO和分子静电势(MEP)分析。采用Gaussian 09软件,采用HF和3-211G (d)基集计算,进行了分子结构和光谱的理论计算。使用GaussSum 3软件计算状态密度(DOS)。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of duration of ultrasonication on the morphology and structural properties of Ni-doped hydroxyapatite structure 超声时间对掺镍羟基磷灰石结构形貌和结构性能的影响
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1193117
Tankut Ates, S. Keser, N. Bulut, O. Kaygili
This work aims to explain the effects of sonication periods, ranging from 0 to 4 h with a step of 1 h, on the morphology and structural properties of Ni-doped hydroxyapatites at a constant amount of 0.4 at.%. The lattice parameters, crystallinity, and crystallite size were affected by the sonication time. Among the sonicated samples, it was observed that the increasing sonication period reduced the c/a ratio. It was also found that the morphology was affected by the ultrasonication duration.
本工作旨在解释超声周期(从0到4小时,步长为1小时)在0.4 at.%恒定量下对ni掺杂羟基磷灰石形貌和结构性质的影响。超声时间对晶格参数、结晶度和晶粒尺寸均有影响。在超声处理的样品中,观察到超声周期的增加降低了c/a比。超声处理时间对其形貌也有影响。
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引用次数: 2
In vitro anticancer, antimicrobial and antiradical properties and bioactive compounds of endemic Wiedemannia orientalis Fisch. & Mey. flowers 地方性野地魏德曼草的体外抗癌、抑菌、抗自由基特性及生物活性化合物研究。和最大经济产量。花
Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.54565/jphcfum.1192938
S. Keser, Fatma Keser, S. Tekin, I. Türkoǧlu, O. Kaygili, Ersin Demir, Prof. Dr. Ökkeş Yilmaz, S. Sandal, S. Kırbağ, M. Karatepe
W. orientalis is a one-year herbaceous plant, located in the Lamiaceae family, and is called Ballıbaba in Turkish. In the presented study, the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of flowers extracts of endemic W. orientalis were investigated for the first time. Also, it was investigated the antiradical activity and phytochemical contents of this plant extracts. According to our study results, endemic W. orientalis flowers extract show very high anticancer activity against MCF-7, HCT-116 and LNCaP cancer cell lines, high antiradical activity against ABTS radicals, and effective antimicrobial activity against some microorganism caused infection in humans. In conclusion, endemic W. orientalis can be used as an anticancer and antimicrobial agent and this plant can be the subject of further studies in the field of herbal medicine.
东方花是一年生草本植物,属Lamiaceae科,土耳其语为Ballıbaba。本文首次研究了特有植物东方花提取物的抑菌和抗癌作用。并对其抗自由基活性和植物化学成分进行了研究。结果表明,东华特有花提取物对MCF-7、HCT-116、LNCaP等癌细胞具有很强的抗肿瘤活性,对ABTS自由基具有很强的抗自由基活性,对某些微生物引起的人体感染具有有效的抑菌活性。综上所述,该植物具有良好的抗肿瘤和抗菌作用,值得在中草药领域进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials
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