Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520376
A. Sharaf, E. Elbakush, I. Altas
This paper presents a novel PID dual loop controller for a solar photovoltaic (PV) powered industrial type permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor drive, which is modeled to include existing nonlinearities in motor plus load inertia (J) and viscous friction (B). The proposed dual loop includes a speed control as the dominant control loop and a supplementary motor current limiting loop as an auxiliary regulating loop to limit excessive high current and sudden current excursions. Alternative control approaches are used to ensure energy efficiency, stability and system reliability while maintaining operation flexibility. A type B DC-DC chopper is employed to control the power transferred from photovoltaic PV array to the PMDC motor. The performance of different dynamic controllers are simulated and validated in Matlab/Simulink GUI environment. All simulation models of PV array, DC-DC chopper, PMDC motor, interface filters, and the controllers are modelled using Matlab/Simulink/Sim-Power model block library.
{"title":"Novel Control Strategies For Photovoltaic Powered PMDC Motor Drives","authors":"A. Sharaf, E. Elbakush, I. Altas","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520376","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel PID dual loop controller for a solar photovoltaic (PV) powered industrial type permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor drive, which is modeled to include existing nonlinearities in motor plus load inertia (J) and viscous friction (B). The proposed dual loop includes a speed control as the dominant control loop and a supplementary motor current limiting loop as an auxiliary regulating loop to limit excessive high current and sudden current excursions. Alternative control approaches are used to ensure energy efficiency, stability and system reliability while maintaining operation flexibility. A type B DC-DC chopper is employed to control the power transferred from photovoltaic PV array to the PMDC motor. The performance of different dynamic controllers are simulated and validated in Matlab/Simulink GUI environment. All simulation models of PV array, DC-DC chopper, PMDC motor, interface filters, and the controllers are modelled using Matlab/Simulink/Sim-Power model block library.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131025347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520351
C.H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, H.L. Lai, J. Han
This article describes China's present energy situation and China will be facing the challenges in the future as well as the strategic actions are to be taken. In order to promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, improve the energy structure, diversify energy supplies, safeguard energy security, protect the environment, and realize the sustainable development of the economy and society, some renewable energy policies is hereby prepared by the government. China has become the top investor in renewable energy in the world.
{"title":"Renewable Energy in China: A Strategic Imperative","authors":"C.H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, H.L. Lai, J. Han","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520351","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes China's present energy situation and China will be facing the challenges in the future as well as the strategic actions are to be taken. In order to promote the development and utilization of renewable energy, improve the energy structure, diversify energy supplies, safeguard energy security, protect the environment, and realize the sustainable development of the economy and society, some renewable energy policies is hereby prepared by the government. China has become the top investor in renewable energy in the world.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130961420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520335
J. Gordon
Over the past decade, there have been several instances where the performance of new hydro developments has been compromised by unsatisfactory operation of some component associated with the hydraulic design of the facility. This paper will outline the types of deficiencies encountered, and suggest some remedies. The incidents include - gravel entrainment at intakes; "burping" intakes; design of surge tanks; high head penstock friction; design of relief valves; turbine runner blade-wicket gate interaction; turbine draft tube rope-pipeline interaction; isolated system operation and draft tube water column rupture. Unfortunately, the author is unable to name the projects, nor provide more adequate details which could facilitate identification of the project. Owners do not appreciate information on "incidents" being divulged, and the author has signed confidentiality agreements on most of the facilities being discussed. Hence, the "incidents" have to be taken as anecdotal, but the author can vouch for their authenticity.
{"title":"Hydro Hydraulics - a disappearing art?","authors":"J. Gordon","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520335","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, there have been several instances where the performance of new hydro developments has been compromised by unsatisfactory operation of some component associated with the hydraulic design of the facility. This paper will outline the types of deficiencies encountered, and suggest some remedies. The incidents include - gravel entrainment at intakes; \"burping\" intakes; design of surge tanks; high head penstock friction; design of relief valves; turbine runner blade-wicket gate interaction; turbine draft tube rope-pipeline interaction; isolated system operation and draft tube water column rupture. Unfortunately, the author is unable to name the projects, nor provide more adequate details which could facilitate identification of the project. Owners do not appreciate information on \"incidents\" being divulged, and the author has signed confidentiality agreements on most of the facilities being discussed. Hence, the \"incidents\" have to be taken as anecdotal, but the author can vouch for their authenticity.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130280516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520307
K. Gogas, G. Joós, B. Ooi, Y. Z. Zhang, B. Mwinyiwiwa
This paper proposes an implementation of a decoupled P-Q control of a DFIG that does not rely on mechanical sensors and a speed and position sensorless algorithm that is robust to variations of the values of the machine parameters. In this paper, the sensorless control is based on a modified phase-locked loop with an improved positioning algorithm. This eliminates the need to estimate the speed based on the machine parameters, which results in a significant improvement in speed control robustness to parameter variations. In addition, the algorithm avoids using differentiation which can lead to significant inaccuracy due to the noise inherent in measured signals. Theoretical and simulation results were validated on an experimental setup, using a laboratory 5 hp DFIG.
{"title":"Design of a Robust Speed and Position Sensorless Decoupled P-Q Controlled Doubly-Fed Induction Generator for Variable-Speed Wind Energy Applications","authors":"K. Gogas, G. Joós, B. Ooi, Y. Z. Zhang, B. Mwinyiwiwa","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520307","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an implementation of a decoupled P-Q control of a DFIG that does not rely on mechanical sensors and a speed and position sensorless algorithm that is robust to variations of the values of the machine parameters. In this paper, the sensorless control is based on a modified phase-locked loop with an improved positioning algorithm. This eliminates the need to estimate the speed based on the machine parameters, which results in a significant improvement in speed control robustness to parameter variations. In addition, the algorithm avoids using differentiation which can lead to significant inaccuracy due to the noise inherent in measured signals. Theoretical and simulation results were validated on an experimental setup, using a laboratory 5 hp DFIG.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129198835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520370
H. V. Haghi, S. Tafreshi
In the competitive electricity markets, accurate price forecasting embody crucial information for producers and consumers when planning bidding strategies in order to maximize their benefits and utilities, respectively. This paper presents a succinct survey of energy price forecasting techniques and models. The two major groups of the models are the stationary and non-stationary time series models according to proposed classification. Using of Wavelet Transform and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) have been recently proposed among these groups respectively. These two time series models have differently upgraded price forecasting. This paper proposes WT- based models and HMMs in detail with a modeling and simulation of the later in the Spanish electricity market.
{"title":"Modeling and Forecasting of Energy Prices using Non-stationary Markov Models versus Stationary Hybrid Models including a Survey of all Methods","authors":"H. V. Haghi, S. Tafreshi","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520370","url":null,"abstract":"In the competitive electricity markets, accurate price forecasting embody crucial information for producers and consumers when planning bidding strategies in order to maximize their benefits and utilities, respectively. This paper presents a succinct survey of energy price forecasting techniques and models. The two major groups of the models are the stationary and non-stationary time series models according to proposed classification. Using of Wavelet Transform and Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) have been recently proposed among these groups respectively. These two time series models have differently upgraded price forecasting. This paper proposes WT- based models and HMMs in detail with a modeling and simulation of the later in the Spanish electricity market.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116649219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520364
H. Ibrahim, A. Ilinca, J. Perron
The continuous increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions and the climb in fuel prices are the main driving forces behind efforts to more effectively utilise various sources of renewable energy (wind and solar energy). However, the large-scale utilisation of this form of energy is possible only if the effective technology for its storage can be developed with acceptable capital and running costs. In the pre-1980 energy context, conversion methods for the "storage of alternate current" were extremely costly, unreliable, or simply were not being used. This, along with the fact that electricity is mass produced, transmitted, and used in AC, has led to the belief that electricity cannot be stored. However, high-performance, inexpensive power electronics able to handle very high power levels have changed all that. It can now be asserted that electricity can be stored, even if it is indirect storage. But this requires that investment and operating costs be kept to an acceptable level, and that the environmental issues be considered. There are various types of storage methods, some of which are already in use, while others are still in development. In this paper, we have taken a look at the main characteristics of the different electricity storage techniques and their field of application (permanent or portable, long-or short-term storage, maximum power required, etc.). These characteristics will serve to make comparisons in order to determine the most appropriate technique for each type of application.
{"title":"Comparison and Analysis of Different Energy Storage Techniques Based on their Performance Index","authors":"H. Ibrahim, A. Ilinca, J. Perron","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520364","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions and the climb in fuel prices are the main driving forces behind efforts to more effectively utilise various sources of renewable energy (wind and solar energy). However, the large-scale utilisation of this form of energy is possible only if the effective technology for its storage can be developed with acceptable capital and running costs. In the pre-1980 energy context, conversion methods for the \"storage of alternate current\" were extremely costly, unreliable, or simply were not being used. This, along with the fact that electricity is mass produced, transmitted, and used in AC, has led to the belief that electricity cannot be stored. However, high-performance, inexpensive power electronics able to handle very high power levels have changed all that. It can now be asserted that electricity can be stored, even if it is indirect storage. But this requires that investment and operating costs be kept to an acceptable level, and that the environmental issues be considered. There are various types of storage methods, some of which are already in use, while others are still in development. In this paper, we have taken a look at the main characteristics of the different electricity storage techniques and their field of application (permanent or portable, long-or short-term storage, maximum power required, etc.). These characteristics will serve to make comparisons in order to determine the most appropriate technique for each type of application.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124995269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520303
A. Sharaf, E. Ozkop, I. Altas
In this study, a hybrid photovoltaic PV array-battery powered PMDC drive scheme is realized. The PID tri loop limited current loop controller with motor current of four-wheel drive electric vehicle is used. Photovoltaic array and DC motor model are obtained in the Simulink. The proposed system control mechanism is digitally simulated by using the MATLAB/ Simulink/Sim-Power Systems software. The dynamic performance of the system is brought into at the constant speed reference and the variable speed reference trajectory.
{"title":"A Hybrid Photovoltaic PV Array-Battery Powered EV-PMDC Drive Scheme","authors":"A. Sharaf, E. Ozkop, I. Altas","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520303","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a hybrid photovoltaic PV array-battery powered PMDC drive scheme is realized. The PID tri loop limited current loop controller with motor current of four-wheel drive electric vehicle is used. Photovoltaic array and DC motor model are obtained in the Simulink. The proposed system control mechanism is digitally simulated by using the MATLAB/ Simulink/Sim-Power Systems software. The dynamic performance of the system is brought into at the constant speed reference and the variable speed reference trajectory.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121377499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520347
M. Hamouda, K. Al-haddad, F. Fnaiech, W. Blanchette
In this paper the indirect two-stage matrix converter is used with the aim to convert a high frequency output voltage of a microturbine generator to a low-frequency voltage for utility use. Moreover, in order to allow a unity input power factor operation of the electrical generator, an input-state feedback linearization control-law is implemented to control the current flowing between the generator and the matrix converter's input side. Numerical simulations are carried out using matlab and similink software emphasize the two-stage matrix converter's capability in providing sinusoidal output voltage with low distortion. Moreover, the unity power factor operation of the generator is also verified over a wide variation of the active power.
{"title":"Input-State Feedback Linearization Control of Two-Stage Matrix Converters Interfaced With High-Speed Microturbine Generators","authors":"M. Hamouda, K. Al-haddad, F. Fnaiech, W. Blanchette","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520347","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the indirect two-stage matrix converter is used with the aim to convert a high frequency output voltage of a microturbine generator to a low-frequency voltage for utility use. Moreover, in order to allow a unity input power factor operation of the electrical generator, an input-state feedback linearization control-law is implemented to control the current flowing between the generator and the matrix converter's input side. Numerical simulations are carried out using matlab and similink software emphasize the two-stage matrix converter's capability in providing sinusoidal output voltage with low distortion. Moreover, the unity power factor operation of the generator is also verified over a wide variation of the active power.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125614819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520356
P. Arboleya, C. González-Morán, G. Díaz, J. Gómez-Aleixandre, A. Hidalgo
In this paper, a new topology for dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) has been proposed. The DVR is connected to a solar plant that it is used as a source to supply the DVR which protects a highly sensitive load. During most of the time the DVR does not inject any voltage nor active power to the network so all the disposable power from the solar plant is injected into a network through one of the two inverters. When a voltage sag appears and it is detected, the control algorithm calculates how much the consignment of active power injected needs to be reduced so the difference is used in the DVR.
{"title":"A New Dynamic Voltage Restoration Topology Applied to a Double Connected Solar Plant","authors":"P. Arboleya, C. González-Morán, G. Díaz, J. Gómez-Aleixandre, A. Hidalgo","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520356","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new topology for dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) has been proposed. The DVR is connected to a solar plant that it is used as a source to supply the DVR which protects a highly sensitive load. During most of the time the DVR does not inject any voltage nor active power to the network so all the disposable power from the solar plant is injected into a network through one of the two inverters. When a voltage sag appears and it is detected, the control algorithm calculates how much the consignment of active power injected needs to be reduced so the difference is used in the DVR.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127831148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPC.2007.4520368
A. Hamlyn, H. Cheung, T. Mander, Lin Wang, Cungang Yang, R. Cheung
Distributed generations (DGs) powered by renewable energy resources have become increasingly popular and show benefits, but their connection to distribution systems brings operation challenges that must be carefully monitored. This paper proposes a new network-enabled, real-time monitoring strategy for tracking the operating states of the distribution system connected with DGs. The design of a new network monitoring architecture is presented in this paper. This architecture is fault tolerant and has features from classical cascading, star, and ring architectures. The paper presents the real-time data acquisition and data post-processing strategy, design, and implementation in three levels: Cell units for monitoring feeder-tapped circuits including DG circuits connected on the feeders, Node unit for feeder and substation- level equipment, and Station unit for distribution network. Case studies are provided to demonstrate the proposed monitoring strategy and architecture using IEEE feeder circuits.
{"title":"Network-enabled Real-time Monitoring of Smart Power Distribution Operating States","authors":"A. Hamlyn, H. Cheung, T. Mander, Lin Wang, Cungang Yang, R. Cheung","doi":"10.1109/EPC.2007.4520368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPC.2007.4520368","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed generations (DGs) powered by renewable energy resources have become increasingly popular and show benefits, but their connection to distribution systems brings operation challenges that must be carefully monitored. This paper proposes a new network-enabled, real-time monitoring strategy for tracking the operating states of the distribution system connected with DGs. The design of a new network monitoring architecture is presented in this paper. This architecture is fault tolerant and has features from classical cascading, star, and ring architectures. The paper presents the real-time data acquisition and data post-processing strategy, design, and implementation in three levels: Cell units for monitoring feeder-tapped circuits including DG circuits connected on the feeders, Node unit for feeder and substation- level equipment, and Station unit for distribution network. Case studies are provided to demonstrate the proposed monitoring strategy and architecture using IEEE feeder circuits.","PeriodicalId":196861,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Canada Electrical Power Conference","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132674271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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