Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia最新文献

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IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2405-5255(25)00008-1

引用次数: 0

Dental panoramic radiographs by dental students versus artificial intelligence

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.02.002

Yoon-Sok Chung

引用次数: 0

Comparing mortality rates, risk, and trends of hip fracture and common cancers in Hong Kong, 2010–2020: A population-based study 比较 2010-2020 年香港髋部骨折和常见癌症的死亡率、风险和趋势：以人口为基础的研究

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2024.12.001

Xiaowen Zhang , Chor-Wing Sing , Philip CM Au , Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan , Ian Chi-Kei Wong , Ching-Lung Cheung

Objectives

Hip fracture is a global public concern exhibiting high mortality rates but often underrecognized. We compared the mortality rates, risk, and secular trend of hip fractures with common cancers in females and males, aiming to call attention to hip fractures.

Methods

In 2010–2020, 193,767 patients with the first diagnosed hip fractures and the top 5 prevalent cancers in each sex and aged 50 years and above were included. Age-standardized mortality rates were adjusted to the WHO Standard Population and the sex-specific relative risk of mortality was computed using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders. The trend analyses used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent changes in age-standardized mortality rates.

Results

The 1-year and 5-year age-standardized mortality rates and sex-specific mortality risk of hip fracture are greater than those of breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90 to 0.97) and thyroid cancer (HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.64) in females and prostate cancer (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.58) in males. Moreover, mortality rates in lung cancer, male liver cancer, female breast cancer, and male prostate cancer have decreased in the past decade. For hip fracture, the mortality rates have significantly decreased in females, while in males, we observed only a decreasing trend in 1-year hip fracture mortality, not in 5-year

Conclusions

Hip fractures exhibit higher mortality compared to female breast and thyroid cancers and male prostate cancer. More attention is needed to enhance the management and prevention of hip fractures.

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引用次数: 0

Reply on “Dental panoramic radiographs by dental students versus artificial intelligence”

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.02.003

Akira Taguchi

引用次数: 0

A predictive nomogram for selective screening of asymptomatic vertebral fractures: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2024.12.002

Hoa T. Nguyen , Bao T. Nguyen , An V. Tran , Tan T. Nguyen , Long H. Ngo , Tam Vo , Thi H. Nhung Thai , Linh D. Mai , Thach S. Tran , Tuan V. Nguyen , Lan T. Ho-Pham

Objectives

Vertebral fractures are associated with disability and mortality, but most vertebral fractures are asymptomatic. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of and develop a predictive nomogram for asymptomatic vertebral fractures in Vietnamese adults.

Methods

This cohort study as a part of the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study involved 168 men and 287 women aged 50 years and older without a clinically diagnosed vertebral fracture. Their spine x-rays were taken at the recruitment and subsequent 2-year visit. Vertebral fractures were ascertained using the Genant's semi-quantitative method. We employed the Bayesian Model Averaging method to search for the optimal model for predicting asymptomatic vertebral fractures. A predictive nomogram was also developed to facilitate risk prediction.

Results

During a median of 2.38 years of follow-up, 13 men and 16 women developed an asymptomatic vertebral fracture, yielding the overall incidence rate of 28 fractures per 1000 person-years, or 33 fractures/1000 person-years in men and 24 fractures/1000 person-years in women, respectively. Most asymptomatic vertebral fractures were moderate, almost 1.5 times more common than mild fractures. The optimal model for predicting incident asymptomatic vertebral fractures included age, male sex and lower femoral neck T-score. The area under the receiver's operating characteristic curve was 0.91, with 95% CI ranging from 0.86 to 0.96.

Conclusions

Asymptomatic vertebral fractures were relatively common among adults in Vietnam. A simple model with sex, age and femoral neck T-score is helpful for selective screening of asymptomatic vertebral fractures in Vietnamese individuals.

{"title":"A predictive nomogram for selective screening of asymptomatic vertebral fractures: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study","authors":"Hoa T. Nguyen , Bao T. Nguyen , An V. Tran , Tan T. Nguyen , Long H. Ngo , Tam Vo , Thi H. Nhung Thai , Linh D. Mai , Thach S. Tran , Tuan V. Nguyen , Lan T. Ho-Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Vertebral fractures are associated with disability and mortality, but most vertebral fractures are asymptomatic. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of and develop a predictive nomogram for asymptomatic vertebral fractures in Vietnamese adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study as a part of the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study involved 168 men and 287 women aged 50 years and older without a clinically diagnosed vertebral fracture. Their spine x-rays were taken at the recruitment and subsequent 2-year visit. Vertebral fractures were ascertained using the Genant's semi-quantitative method. We employed the Bayesian Model Averaging method to search for the optimal model for predicting asymptomatic vertebral fractures. A predictive nomogram was also developed to facilitate risk prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a median of 2.38 years of follow-up, 13 men and 16 women developed an asymptomatic vertebral fracture, yielding the overall incidence rate of 28 fractures per 1000 person-years, or 33 fractures/1000 person-years in men and 24 fractures/1000 person-years in women, respectively. Most asymptomatic vertebral fractures were moderate, almost 1.5 times more common than mild fractures. The optimal model for predicting incident asymptomatic vertebral fractures included age, male sex and lower femoral neck T-score. The area under the receiver's operating characteristic curve was 0.91, with 95% CI ranging from 0.86 to 0.96.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Asymptomatic vertebral fractures were relatively common among adults in Vietnam. A simple model with sex, age and femoral neck T-score is helpful for selective screening of asymptomatic vertebral fractures in Vietnamese individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two novel rare variants in the PTH gene found in patients with hypoparathyroidism

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.02.001

Yue Jiang , An Song , Jiajia Wang , Xinqi Cheng , Jing Yang , Yan Jiang , Mei Li , Weibo Xia , Xiaoping Xing , Min Nie , Ou Wang

Objectives

Hypoparathyroidism (HP) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency. The PTH is a candidate gene for familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH). This study aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of two novel rare variants (RVs) of PTH through in vitro functional study.

Methods

Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to identify candidate gene mutations. Clinical data were retrospectively collected. Wild-type (WT) PTH was used as a template for site-directed mutagenesis to create mutant eukaryotic expression plasmids, which were transfected into cells. Treated with or without 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), the levels of intact PTH (iPTH) and PTH (1-84) were measured by chemiluminescence, and protein expression was assessed using Western blotting.

Results

Two patients carrying PTH mutations (c.154G > A: p.Val52Ile, c.270G > T: p.Leu90Phe) were identified. Patient 1, a 45-year-old male, presented with carpal and pedal numbness, muscle cramps, and low serum calcium (1.29 mmol/L). Patient 2, a 12-year-old female, had muscle twitches, convulsions, low calcium (1.50 mmol/L), and iPTH of 4 pg/mL. The iPTH or PTH (1-84) levels in the medium transfected with mutant Val52Ile and Leu90Phe PTH decreased by 31%–38%, and 51%–96% compared to WT (allP < 0.05), which were not rescued by 4-PBA. No significant changes in intracellular PTH expression were observed.

Conclusions

In this study, two novel RVs of PTH (Val52Ile and Leu90Phe) were identified that may impair hormone synthesis and secretion. Our study has broadened the mutation spectrum of the PTH and shed light on potential mechanisms underlying FIH.

{"title":"Two novel rare variants in the PTH gene found in patients with hypoparathyroidism","authors":"Yue Jiang , An Song , Jiajia Wang , Xinqi Cheng , Jing Yang , Yan Jiang , Mei Li , Weibo Xia , Xiaoping Xing , Min Nie , Ou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Hypoparathyroidism (HP) is a rare endocrine disorder caused by parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency. The <em>PTH</em> is a candidate gene for familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH). This study aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of two novel rare variants (RVs) of <em>PTH</em> through <em>in vitro</em> functional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to identify candidate gene mutations. Clinical data were retrospectively collected. Wild-type (WT) <em>PTH</em> was used as a template for site-directed mutagenesis to create mutant eukaryotic expression plasmids, which were transfected into cells. Treated with or without 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), the levels of intact PTH (iPTH) and PTH (1-84) were measured by chemiluminescence, and protein expression was assessed using Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two patients carrying <em>PTH</em> mutations (c.154G > A: p.Val52Ile, c.270G > T: p.Leu90Phe) were identified. Patient 1, a 45-year-old male, presented with carpal and pedal numbness, muscle cramps, and low serum calcium (1.29 mmol/L). Patient 2, a 12-year-old female, had muscle twitches, convulsions, low calcium (1.50 mmol/L), and iPTH of 4 pg/mL. The iPTH or PTH (1-84) levels in the medium transfected with mutant Val52Ile and Leu90Phe PTH decreased by 31%–38%, and 51%–96% compared to WT (allP < 0.05), which were not rescued by 4-PBA. No significant changes in intracellular PTH expression were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this study, two novel RVs of <em>PTH (</em>Val52Ile and Leu90Phe) were identified that may impair hormone synthesis and secretion. Our study has broadened the mutation spectrum of the <em>PTH</em> and shed light on potential mechanisms underlying FIH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disorders of bone and mineral metabolism in pregnancy and lactation: A case based clinical review

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.03.002

Manju Chandran , Sarah Ying Tse Tan

Bone and mineral metabolism in the human body undergoes significant adaptations during pregnancy and lactation to meet the physiological demands of both the mother and fetus. The growing fetus requires approximately 30 g of calcium, with 80% of this transferred from the mother during the third trimester. These adaptations involve complex hormonal changes, such as increased parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, ensuring the mother maintains calcium balance despite fetal demands. However, these changes can also exacerbate pre-existing metabolic bone disorders, presenting unique challenges during pregnancy. This narrative review, framed around illustrative case examples, focuses on the management of metabolic bone disorders in pregnancy. Relevant case studies of hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder are reviewed to illustrate the biochemical changes, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies available during pregnancy and lactation. We analyze literature from case reports and existing guidelines to provide practical clinical recommendations. The review highlights critical pregnancy-related metabolic adaptations, such as increased intestinal calcium absorption and skeletal resorption. Disorders like primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia present significant maternal and fetal risks, including miscarriage, growth restriction, and neonatal complications. Early identification and tailored treatment, including hydration, parathyroidectomy, and vitamin D supplementation, mitigate these risks, with surgical interventions in PHPT improving pregnancy outcomes compared to conservative management. Management of metabolic bone disorders during pregnancy and lactation requires a nuanced approach to meet the dual needs of the mother and fetus.

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引用次数: 0

Hip fracture and type 2 diabetes mellitus 髋部骨折和2型糖尿病。

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2024.11.003

Ji-Young Seo

引用次数: 0

Effects of bone metabolism on hematopoiesis: A Mendelian randomization study 骨代谢对造血的影响：一项孟德尔随机研究。

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2024.10.001

Shun-Cheong Ho , Gloria Hoi-Yee Li , Anskar Yu-Hung Leung , Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan , Ching-Lung Cheung

Objectives

Osteoblast is known to regulate hematopoiesis according to preclinical studies but the causal relationship in human remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate causal relationships of bone mineral density (BMD) with blood cell traits using genetic data.

Methods

Summary statistics from the largest available genome-wide association study were retrieved for total body BMD (TBBMD), lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD), femoral neck BMD (FNBMD) and 29 blood cell traits including red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet-related traits. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, inverse-variance weighted method was adopted as main univariable MR analysis. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted to evaluate whether the casual effect is independent of confounders.

Results

BMD was positively associated with reticulocyte-related traits, including high light scatter reticulocyte count and percentage, immature reticulocyte fraction, reticulocyte count and percentage, with causal effect estimate (beta) ranging from 0.023 to 0.064. Conversely, inverse association of BMD with hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count was observed, with beta ranging from −0.038 to −0.019. The association remained significant in MVMR analysis after adjustment for confounders. For white blood cells, BMD was inversely associated with neutrophil count (beta: 0.029 to −0.019) and white blood cell count (beta: 0.024 to −0.02). Results across TBBMD, LSBMD, and FNBMD were consistent.

Conclusions

This study suggested bone metabolism had a causal effect on hematopoietic system in humans. Its causal effect on red blood cell traits was independent of confounders. Further studies on how improving bone health can reduce risk of hematological disorders are warranted.

目的：临床前研究表明，成骨细胞调节造血功能，但在人体内的因果关系尚不确定。我们的目的是利用遗传数据评估骨矿物质密度（BMD）与血细胞特征的因果关系。方法：从目前最大的全基因组关联研究中检索总体骨密度（TBBMD）、腰椎骨密度（LSBMD）、股骨颈骨密度（FNBMD）和29种血细胞特征（包括红细胞、白细胞和血小板相关特征）的汇总统计数据。采用双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）方法，采用反方差加权法作为主要的单变量MR分析。采用多变量MR （MVMR）分析来评估随机效应是否独立于混杂因素。结果：骨密度与网织红细胞相关性状呈正相关，包括高光散射网织红细胞计数和百分比、未成熟网织红细胞分数、网织红细胞计数和百分比，因果效应估计（beta）范围为0.023 ~ 0.064。相反，BMD与血细胞比容、血红蛋白和红细胞计数呈负相关，β值在-0.038至-0.019之间。在调整混杂因素后，MVMR分析中相关性仍然显著。对于白细胞，骨密度与中性粒细胞计数（β: 0.029至-0.019）和白细胞计数（β: 0.024至-0.02）呈负相关。TBBMD、LSBMD和FNBMD的结果一致。结论：本研究提示骨代谢对人体造血系统有因果关系。它对红细胞性状的因果影响与混杂因素无关。进一步研究如何改善骨骼健康可以降低血液系统疾病的风险是必要的。

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引用次数: 0

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IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2405-5255(24)00130-4

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