Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.06.004
Hamzah Shahid , Vivek Kumar Morya , Kyu-Cheol Noh
This review examines sclerostin, a critical regulator of Wnt signaling, focusing on its role in bone homeostasis and its emerging involvement in muscle–bone crosstalk. It examines the regulatory influence of hormones, mechanical stress, and myokines on sclerostin expression under both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent advances underscore sclerostin's role in osteoporosis pathogenesis and its involvement in bone remodeling, while also revealing its emerging significance in muscle–bone communication. Despite these insights, the underlying mechanisms of its regulation remain incompletely understood. By consolidating recent research, this review provides a comprehensive perspective on sclerostin's multifaceted roles and their implications for bone and muscle health.
{"title":"Sclerostin's role in bone–muscle crosstalk and osteoporosis pathogenesis","authors":"Hamzah Shahid , Vivek Kumar Morya , Kyu-Cheol Noh","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines sclerostin, a critical regulator of Wnt signaling, focusing on its role in bone homeostasis and its emerging involvement in muscle–bone crosstalk. It examines the regulatory influence of hormones, mechanical stress, and myokines on sclerostin expression under both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent advances underscore sclerostin's role in osteoporosis pathogenesis and its involvement in bone remodeling, while also revealing its emerging significance in muscle–bone communication. Despite these insights, the underlying mechanisms of its regulation remain incompletely understood. By consolidating recent research, this review provides a comprehensive perspective on sclerostin's multifaceted roles and their implications for bone and muscle health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 69-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.09.001
Shu-Ying Su , Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli , Li-Fen Chao
Objectives
Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), significantly increasing fall and disability risks. While the Questionnaire composed of “Strength, Assistance in walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls” (SARC-F) is commonly used for sarcopenia screening, its diagnostic accuracy in T2DM patients remains unclear. SARC-CalF, an extended version incorporating calf circumference, may enhance screening effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in older T2DM adults.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 157 T2DM patients aged 60 years and above. Sarcopenia was assessed using both SARC-F and SARC-CalF, with the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria serving as the reference standard. Collected data included demographics, muscle mass (via bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength (handgrip and five-time sit-to-stand tests), and physical performance (timed up-and-go test). Reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy were analyzed using validated statistical techniques.
Results
SARC-F demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.80) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.89), moderate diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.565–0.743) with an optimal cut-off score of 2.5 (sensitivity = 51.4%, specificity = 78.2%). SARC-CalF shows superior diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.956–1.000 with higher sensitivity (92%) and specificity (94%).
Conclusions
While the SARC-F is a reliable and valid screening tool for T2DM patients, its diagnostic accuracy is limited. SARC-CalF significantly improves screening performance and is preferable for chronic care monitoring.
{"title":"Optimizing sarcopenia screening in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A ROC curve evaluation of the SARC-F and the SARC-CalF","authors":"Shu-Ying Su , Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli , Li-Fen Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), significantly increasing fall and disability risks. While the Questionnaire composed of “Strength, Assistance in walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls” (SARC-F) is commonly used for sarcopenia screening, its diagnostic accuracy in T2DM patients remains unclear. SARC-CalF, an extended version incorporating calf circumference, may enhance screening effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in older T2DM adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 157 T2DM patients aged 60 years and above. Sarcopenia was assessed using both SARC-F and SARC-CalF, with the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria serving as the reference standard. Collected data included demographics, muscle mass (via bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength (handgrip and five-time sit-to-stand tests), and physical performance (timed up-and-go test). Reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy were analyzed using validated statistical techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SARC-F demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.80) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.89), moderate diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.565–0.743) with an optimal cut-off score of 2.5 (sensitivity = 51.4%, specificity = 78.2%). SARC-CalF shows superior diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.956–1.000 with higher sensitivity (92%) and specificity (94%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While the SARC-F is a reliable and valid screening tool for T2DM patients, its diagnostic accuracy is limited. SARC-CalF significantly improves screening performance and is preferable for chronic care monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 92-97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.045
Nicholas Ken Yoong Hee , Ying Guat Ooi , Terence Ong , Hui Min Khor , Jeyakantha Ratnasingam
{"title":"Atypical femur fractures in Malaysia: Preliminary report from a Malaysian academic centre","authors":"Nicholas Ken Yoong Hee , Ying Guat Ooi , Terence Ong , Hui Min Khor , Jeyakantha Ratnasingam","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Page 15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.032
Artist Suebpanich
{"title":"The association between chronic kidney disease and bone mineral density","authors":"Artist Suebpanich","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Page 11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.039
Yi-Chieh Huang , Yi-Chou Chen , Ming-Te Cheng
{"title":"Deep-learning chest X-ray model for osteoporosis detection in a super-aged Hakka population","authors":"Yi-Chieh Huang , Yi-Chou Chen , Ming-Te Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Page 13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors associated with fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults","authors":"Kazuma Nishii , Masakazu Imaoka , Misa Nakamura , Takanari Kubo , Tatsunori Murakami , Risa Ito , Yoshiki Matsumoto , Hayato Kondo","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 9-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.041
Nick Tran , Dinh T. Nguyen , Thach S. Tran , Tuan V. Nguyen
{"title":"Reversible impact of cigarette smoking on fragility fractures","authors":"Nick Tran , Dinh T. Nguyen , Thach S. Tran , Tuan V. Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.08.041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 13-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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