Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428484
C. Dune, Christophe Leroux, Éric Marchand
Assistance to disabled people is still a domain in which a lot of progress needs to be done. The more severe the handicap is, more complex are the devices, implying increased efforts to simplify the interactions between man and these devices. In this document we propose a solution to reduce the interaction between a user and a robotic arm. The system is equipped with two cameras. One is fixed on the top of the wheelchair (eye-to-hand) and the other one is mounted on the end effector of the robotic arm (eye-in-hand). The two cameras cooperate to reduce the grasping task to "one click". The method is generic, it does not require marks on the object, geometrical model or the database. It thus provides a tool applicable to any kind of graspable object. The paper first gives an overview of the existing grasping tools for disabled people and proposes a novel approach toward an intuitive human machine interaction.
{"title":"Intuitive human interaction with an arm robot for severely handicapped people - A One Click Approach","authors":"C. Dune, Christophe Leroux, Éric Marchand","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428484","url":null,"abstract":"Assistance to disabled people is still a domain in which a lot of progress needs to be done. The more severe the handicap is, more complex are the devices, implying increased efforts to simplify the interactions between man and these devices. In this document we propose a solution to reduce the interaction between a user and a robotic arm. The system is equipped with two cameras. One is fixed on the top of the wheelchair (eye-to-hand) and the other one is mounted on the end effector of the robotic arm (eye-in-hand). The two cameras cooperate to reduce the grasping task to \"one click\". The method is generic, it does not require marks on the object, geometrical model or the database. It thus provides a tool applicable to any kind of graspable object. The paper first gives an overview of the existing grasping tools for disabled people and proposes a novel approach toward an intuitive human machine interaction.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116581258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428481
Sarah J. Housman, V. Le, Tariq Rahman, R. Sanchez, D. Reinkensmeyer
This study presents preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial comparing a novel passive arm orthosis training system, the Therapy Wilmington Robotic Exoskeleton (T-WREX), with conventional self-directed upper extremity exercises. Chronic stroke survivors (n = 23) with moderate to severe upper limb hemiparesis trained three times per week for eight weeks with minimal supervision from an occupational therapist. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in arm movement ability according to the Fugl-Meyer (3.7 point mean improvement in T-WREX group, p = 0.001, and 2.7 point improvement in control group, p = 0.003). Individuals who completed T-WREX training also demonstrated significant gains in self-rated quality of arm movement on the Motor Activity Log (p=0.05), and showed a trend towards greater gains on all clinical measures, although this trend was not significant at the current study size. Post-treatment surveys revealed a subjective preference for T-WREX training over conventional gravity-supported exercises. These preliminary results suggest that the T-WREX is a safe device feasible for clinical use, and effective in enhancing upper extremity motor recovery and patient motivation. Next steps are discussed.
{"title":"Arm-Training with T-WREX After Chronic Stroke: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Sarah J. Housman, V. Le, Tariq Rahman, R. Sanchez, D. Reinkensmeyer","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428481","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial comparing a novel passive arm orthosis training system, the Therapy Wilmington Robotic Exoskeleton (T-WREX), with conventional self-directed upper extremity exercises. Chronic stroke survivors (n = 23) with moderate to severe upper limb hemiparesis trained three times per week for eight weeks with minimal supervision from an occupational therapist. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in arm movement ability according to the Fugl-Meyer (3.7 point mean improvement in T-WREX group, p = 0.001, and 2.7 point improvement in control group, p = 0.003). Individuals who completed T-WREX training also demonstrated significant gains in self-rated quality of arm movement on the Motor Activity Log (p=0.05), and showed a trend towards greater gains on all clinical measures, although this trend was not significant at the current study size. Post-treatment surveys revealed a subjective preference for T-WREX training over conventional gravity-supported exercises. These preliminary results suggest that the T-WREX is a safe device feasible for clinical use, and effective in enhancing upper extremity motor recovery and patient motivation. Next steps are discussed.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123115982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428371
K. Dautenhahn
My talk will address research in child-robot interactions in the particular context of autism therapy. As part of the Aurora project (http://www.auroraproject.com/), we have been using since 1997 different robot designs, ranging from mobile platforms to humanoids, in order to encourage children with autism to play. I will argue that play is an important part of every child’s life, and has at least three key aspects: a) enjoyment, which in itself can contribute to the quality of life of children with special needs, b) learning, where children learn in a constructive manner through play, ranging from object manipulation to pretend and imaginative play, and, last but not least c) social interaction and communication whereby robots can take the role of mediators helping a child to make contact to other children or adults. The role of the robot as a social mediator between the child and other people has been one particular focus of recent work in the Aurora project and also plays a key element in the European project IROMEC. My talk will discuss different types of children’s play and how this may be addressed in scenarios involving children and robots. I will survey our research in the Aurora project with children with autism and emphasize how the robot may encourage social interaction skills, imitation and joint attention in children with autism. The talk will highlight achievements, challenges and limitations of the work that need to be addressed in future work. Biography
{"title":"Just Child's Play? - Applications of Robot Assisted Play in Autism Therapy","authors":"K. Dautenhahn","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428371","url":null,"abstract":"My talk will address research in child-robot interactions in the particular context of autism therapy. As part of the Aurora project (http://www.auroraproject.com/), we have been using since 1997 different robot designs, ranging from mobile platforms to humanoids, in order to encourage children with autism to play. I will argue that play is an important part of every child’s life, and has at least three key aspects: a) enjoyment, which in itself can contribute to the quality of life of children with special needs, b) learning, where children learn in a constructive manner through play, ranging from object manipulation to pretend and imaginative play, and, last but not least c) social interaction and communication whereby robots can take the role of mediators helping a child to make contact to other children or adults. The role of the robot as a social mediator between the child and other people has been one particular focus of recent work in the Aurora project and also plays a key element in the European project IROMEC. My talk will discuss different types of children’s play and how this may be addressed in scenarios involving children and robots. I will survey our research in the Aurora project with children with autism and emphasize how the robot may encourage social interaction skills, imitation and joint attention in children with autism. The talk will highlight achievements, challenges and limitations of the work that need to be addressed in future work. Biography","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123150534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428542
A. Dollar, R. Howe
In this paper we discuss the potential of applying our concept for a robotic hand fabricated via Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM) as a prosthetic terminal device. Experimental results with the hand have shown a level of robustness, adaptability, and other performance properties as yet unseen in a robotic hand. Besides reliable performance, the hand is durable, is produced using a molding process that allows both for inexpensive mass production as well as a realistic appearance without the need for a cosmetic glove, and incorporates a simple design that requires only a single actuator for the eight active degrees of freedom. All of these factors make it a good candidate as a basis for either a body-powered or externally-powered prosthetic terminal device that is realistic, functional, robust, and inexpensive.
{"title":"The SDM Hand as a Prosthetic Terminal Device: A Feasibility Study","authors":"A. Dollar, R. Howe","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428542","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss the potential of applying our concept for a robotic hand fabricated via Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM) as a prosthetic terminal device. Experimental results with the hand have shown a level of robustness, adaptability, and other performance properties as yet unseen in a robotic hand. Besides reliable performance, the hand is durable, is produced using a molding process that allows both for inexpensive mass production as well as a realistic appearance without the need for a cosmetic glove, and incorporates a simple design that requires only a single actuator for the eight active degrees of freedom. All of these factors make it a good candidate as a basis for either a body-powered or externally-powered prosthetic terminal device that is realistic, functional, robust, and inexpensive.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129718363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428464
E. Pohlmeyer, E. Perreault, M. Slutzky, K. Kilgore, R. Kirsch, D. Taylor, L. Miller
The purpose of this study was to develop an animal model to evaluate the efficacy of a brain machine interface (BMI) to control a neuroprosthesis intended to restore hand function via functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS). We have implemented the system in a single primate, whose limb could be temporarily paralyzed by a reversible peripheral nerve block Recordings from the primary motor cortex were obtained from a 100-electrode array in the intact monkey, and used to predict the activity of a variety of wrist and hand muscles. These predictions were calculated in real-time, and used as inputs to a 4 channel neuromuscular stimulator for electrically activating the paralyzed muscles. Here we demonstrate that the BMI can be used to restore voluntary control of wrist flexion following muscle paralysis.
{"title":"Real-Time Control of the Hand by Intracortically Controlled Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation","authors":"E. Pohlmeyer, E. Perreault, M. Slutzky, K. Kilgore, R. Kirsch, D. Taylor, L. Miller","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428464","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop an animal model to evaluate the efficacy of a brain machine interface (BMI) to control a neuroprosthesis intended to restore hand function via functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS). We have implemented the system in a single primate, whose limb could be temporarily paralyzed by a reversible peripheral nerve block Recordings from the primary motor cortex were obtained from a 100-electrode array in the intact monkey, and used to predict the activity of a variety of wrist and hand muscles. These predictions were calculated in real-time, and used as inputs to a 4 channel neuromuscular stimulator for electrically activating the paralyzed muscles. Here we demonstrate that the BMI can be used to restore voluntary control of wrist flexion following muscle paralysis.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129741561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428452
M. Hillman, C. Gibbs, N.M. Evans
This paper describes the design and development of an omni-directional wheelchair. A fully functional hardware system has been built with novel mechanical and electrical features. The omni-directional capability is provided by orienting the rear (driven) wheels. Suspension is incorporated to ensure all wheels keep good contact with the ground even outdoors. A defining feature of the electrical system is that it should use commercially available control electronics; this has posed notable design constraints. In parallel with the hardware system a virtual reality simulator has been programmed to aid in the development of the human/machine interface. Both systems have been evaluated by a potential user.
{"title":"Omni-directional wheelchair in reality and virtuality","authors":"M. Hillman, C. Gibbs, N.M. Evans","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428452","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and development of an omni-directional wheelchair. A fully functional hardware system has been built with novel mechanical and electrical features. The omni-directional capability is provided by orienting the rear (driven) wheels. Suspension is incorporated to ensure all wheels keep good contact with the ground even outdoors. A defining feature of the electrical system is that it should use commercially available control electronics; this has posed notable design constraints. In parallel with the hardware system a virtual reality simulator has been programmed to aid in the development of the human/machine interface. Both systems have been evaluated by a potential user.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130876172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428416
K. Hollander, T. Sugar
Previously we have developed lightweight and efficient, spring based actuators. The Robotic Tendon actuator is one such device. Testing of the earlier devices have shown good results both theoretically and experimentally in their implementation to human gait assistance. The current development is focused on a robust control methodology to support the Robotic Tendon device. This study has concluded that the stance phase of gait can be broken into five distinct zones in order to dictate controller behavior. Simulated control of these five zones have shown that simple velocity control and stiffness control meet the requirements necessary for robust gait assistance.
{"title":"A Robust Control Concept for Robotic Ankle Gait Assistance","authors":"K. Hollander, T. Sugar","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428416","url":null,"abstract":"Previously we have developed lightweight and efficient, spring based actuators. The Robotic Tendon actuator is one such device. Testing of the earlier devices have shown good results both theoretically and experimentally in their implementation to human gait assistance. The current development is focused on a robust control methodology to support the Robotic Tendon device. This study has concluded that the stance phase of gait can be broken into five distinct zones in order to dictate controller behavior. Simulated control of these five zones have shown that simple velocity control and stiffness control meet the requirements necessary for robust gait assistance.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133552553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428428
K. Fite, T. Withrow, Xiangrong Shen, K. W. Wait, J. Mitchell, M. Goldfarb
This paper presents progress towards the development of a gas-actuated anthropomorphic arm prosthesis with 21 degrees of freedom and nine independent actuators. The system is designed to utilize the monopropellant hydrogen peroxide as a gas generator in order to power the nine pneumatic-type actuators. The design incorporates four actuators to provide direct-drive actuation of the elbow joint and three wrist degrees-of-freedom, while the remaining five actuate an underactuated 17 degree-of-freedom hand. This paper describes the prosthesis design, including the design of small-scale high-performance servovalves that enable implementation of the monopropellant concept in a transhumeral prosthesis. Video frame sequences of the prosthesis under closed loop control demonstrate its functionality in performing tasks representative of activities of daily living.
{"title":"Progress Towards the Development of a Highly Functional Anthropomorphic Transhumeral Prosthesis","authors":"K. Fite, T. Withrow, Xiangrong Shen, K. W. Wait, J. Mitchell, M. Goldfarb","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428428","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents progress towards the development of a gas-actuated anthropomorphic arm prosthesis with 21 degrees of freedom and nine independent actuators. The system is designed to utilize the monopropellant hydrogen peroxide as a gas generator in order to power the nine pneumatic-type actuators. The design incorporates four actuators to provide direct-drive actuation of the elbow joint and three wrist degrees-of-freedom, while the remaining five actuate an underactuated 17 degree-of-freedom hand. This paper describes the prosthesis design, including the design of small-scale high-performance servovalves that enable implementation of the monopropellant concept in a transhumeral prosthesis. Video frame sequences of the prosthesis under closed loop control demonstrate its functionality in performing tasks representative of activities of daily living.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133448030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428558
L. Masia, H. I. Krebs, P. Cappa, N. Hogan
Previous work has expanded the planar MIT-MANUS to include an anti-gravity robot for shoulder-and-elbow and wrist robot. In this paper we present the "missing link": a hand module. We will discuss in detail the design and characterization of this module. It consists of a single degree of freedom mechanism in a novel statorless configuration, which enables rehabilitation of grasping. The system uses the kinematic configuration of a double crank and slider where the members are linked to stator and rotor; a free base motor, i.e., a motor having two rotors that are free to rotate instead of a fixed stator and a single rotatable rotor. A cylindrical structure, made of six panels and driven by the relative rotation of the rotors, is able to increase its radius linearly, moving or guiding the hand of the patients during grasping This module completes our development of robots for the upper-extremity affording for the first time a whole-arm rehabilitation experience.
{"title":"Design, Characterization, and Impedance Limits of a Hand Robot","authors":"L. Masia, H. I. Krebs, P. Cappa, N. Hogan","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428558","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work has expanded the planar MIT-MANUS to include an anti-gravity robot for shoulder-and-elbow and wrist robot. In this paper we present the \"missing link\": a hand module. We will discuss in detail the design and characterization of this module. It consists of a single degree of freedom mechanism in a novel statorless configuration, which enables rehabilitation of grasping. The system uses the kinematic configuration of a double crank and slider where the members are linked to stator and rotor; a free base motor, i.e., a motor having two rotors that are free to rotate instead of a fixed stator and a single rotatable rotor. A cylindrical structure, made of six panels and driven by the relative rotation of the rotors, is able to increase its radius linearly, moving or guiding the hand of the patients during grasping This module completes our development of robots for the upper-extremity affording for the first time a whole-arm rehabilitation experience.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132511686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-13DOI: 10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428520
J. Tang, J. Contreras-Vidal, C. Carignan
A pilot study was conducted to examine sensorimotor adaptations in healthy subjects to visual and dynamic distortions applied by an InMotion2 robot during a series of center-out hand movement tasks. It was discovered that changing distortion type does not differentially affect initial direction error significantly. This suggests that kinematic and dynamic distortion have similar effect on early visuomotor transformations for movement uncorrected by visual feedback. Kinematic distortion affects movement length considerably more than dynamic distortion at only the early stage of learning. No statistically significant interactions were found that were due to learning from previous exposure, however, the tests did indicate learning during each experiment evident in the time course of metrics. The data gathered in this study will also serve as a controls for a clinical trial on subjects with Parkinson's Disease.
{"title":"Comparison of Neurosensorimotor Adaptation Under Kinematic and Dynamic Distortions","authors":"J. Tang, J. Contreras-Vidal, C. Carignan","doi":"10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428520","url":null,"abstract":"A pilot study was conducted to examine sensorimotor adaptations in healthy subjects to visual and dynamic distortions applied by an InMotion2 robot during a series of center-out hand movement tasks. It was discovered that changing distortion type does not differentially affect initial direction error significantly. This suggests that kinematic and dynamic distortion have similar effect on early visuomotor transformations for movement uncorrected by visual feedback. Kinematic distortion affects movement length considerably more than dynamic distortion at only the early stage of learning. No statistically significant interactions were found that were due to learning from previous exposure, however, the tests did indicate learning during each experiment evident in the time course of metrics. The data gathered in this study will also serve as a controls for a clinical trial on subjects with Parkinson's Disease.","PeriodicalId":197465,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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