Pub Date : 2022-10-27DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.38
R. Khan, Robina Ilyas, Saqib Saleem, Shahnaz Bibi, M. R. Khan, M. Younas, Matee ur Rehman Hafiz, S. Ullah, Basharat Mahmood
An efficient in-vitro regeneration and multiplication protocol was developed to check the effects of different hormonal concentrations through somatic embryogenesis of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.). The explants (seeds) of P. glaucum were surface sterilized with different concentrations (30, 50 and 70%) of Sodium hypochlorite to ensure the removal of surface contamination. For the regeneration the explants were inoculated on MS media supplemented with varying concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA 2 mg/L, 0.75 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L and 0.3 mg/L) and kinetin (KIN 1.5 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L and 1.5mg/L) respectively. The maximum germination (87.5 %) of explants was obtained by using 70 % Chlorox and minimum germination (62.5 %) of explants was obtained by using 30% Chlorox. The maximum stem length (15.5 cm), roots number (12), roots length (3.96 cm) and leaves length (6.76 cm) was observed on MS medium containing (IAA 2 mg/L and KIN 1.5 mg/L). The maximum leaves number (7) was observed on MS medium containing (IAA 0.75 mg/L and KIN 0.5 mg/L). The minimum stem length (3 cm), roots number (1), roots length (1 cm), leaves number (1) and leaves length (3 cm) was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 0.2 mg/L and KIN 1 mg/L). The maximum Stem length (15.5cm), Roots number (12), Roots length (3.96 cm) and Leaves length (6.76 cm) was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 2 mg/L and KIN 1.5 mg/L) although maximum leaves number was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 0.75 mg/L and KIN 0.5 mg/L). The study revealed an easy and reproducible in-vitro regeneration protocol of pearl millet that can provide an efficient plant regeneration which can be further exploited for transgenic applications
{"title":"Effects of Different Hormonal Concentrations on In vitro Regeneration and Multiplication of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)","authors":"R. Khan, Robina Ilyas, Saqib Saleem, Shahnaz Bibi, M. R. Khan, M. Younas, Matee ur Rehman Hafiz, S. Ullah, Basharat Mahmood","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.38","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient in-vitro regeneration and multiplication protocol was developed to check the effects of different hormonal concentrations through somatic embryogenesis of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.). The explants (seeds) of P. glaucum were surface sterilized with different concentrations (30, 50 and 70%) of Sodium hypochlorite to ensure the removal of surface contamination. For the regeneration the explants were inoculated on MS media supplemented with varying concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA 2 mg/L, 0.75 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L and 0.3 mg/L) and kinetin (KIN 1.5 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L and 1.5mg/L) respectively. The maximum germination (87.5 %) of explants was obtained by using 70 % Chlorox and minimum germination (62.5 %) of explants was obtained by using 30% Chlorox. The maximum stem length (15.5 cm), roots number (12), roots length (3.96 cm) and leaves length (6.76 cm) was observed on MS medium containing (IAA 2 mg/L and KIN 1.5 mg/L). The maximum leaves number (7) was observed on MS medium containing (IAA 0.75 mg/L and KIN 0.5 mg/L). The minimum stem length (3 cm), roots number (1), roots length (1 cm), leaves number (1) and leaves length (3 cm) was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 0.2 mg/L and KIN 1 mg/L). The maximum Stem length (15.5cm), Roots number (12), Roots length (3.96 cm) and Leaves length (6.76 cm) was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 2 mg/L and KIN 1.5 mg/L) although maximum leaves number was observed on MS medium supplemented with (IAA 0.75 mg/L and KIN 0.5 mg/L). The study revealed an easy and reproducible in-vitro regeneration protocol of pearl millet that can provide an efficient plant regeneration which can be further exploited for transgenic applications","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114945179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.36
M. Manzoor, H. El-Shafie, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq, A. Hamza, Abdur Rehman, J. N. Ahmad, Muhammad Amjad Ali, Shahbaz Ahmad, M. Tariq, M. S. Haider
Date palms (P. dactylifera L.) are prominent in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Iran, UAE, Iraq as well as Algeria, Egypt and Pakistan. However, in Pakistan, the commercially grown cultivarsare Aseel, Dhaki, Falsi, Karbalai, Mozawati, Jan Swore, Kohra, Hillawi, Kohra and Begum Jhangi. R. ferrugineus considered as the chief and hazardous insect pest responsible for damage in palm orchards. this work probe the predilection of RPW in 11 divergent palm cultivars (Hillawi, Mozawati, Kechanr, Aseel, Shamrani, Khudravi, Dhaki, Zeri, Kobra, Zaidi, Denda) which frequently grown in different regions of Pakistan associated by way of impulsive expulsion from tissues of palm leaf using Y-shaped olfactometer for research. In addition, level of both antixenosis and antibiosis was spotted by examining the various parameters such as %age lure of weevils of mature female, general count of laid eggs in addition to their activeness. Furthermore, obtained results depicted that a positive contact was establish with minimum antixenotic consequence revealed by a cultivar, “Hillawi” among most hold of RPW adults (22.32%), number of eggs laid (16.66%) and egg hatching (84.66%). While other cultivars including Mozawati, Aseel, Kechanr, Shamrani, Khudravi, Dhaki, Zeri and Zaidi exhibited level of antixenosis with percent weevils attracted (18.13, 17.25, 14.67, 6.17, 5.88, 5.59, 3.5 and1.5%), no. of eggs laid (15, 14, 12.66, 10, 5.66, 4.33, 2.33 and 1.33) along with egg hatching percentages (82, 72.66, 68.33, 53.66, 37.66, 31, 13.33 and 5.66%) respectively. Moreover, “Hillawi” documented the maximum number of eggs similar with strains like Kechanr, Mozawati as well as Aseel while Kobra and Denda showed minimum attraction by RPW. Maximum RPW (6) were attracted in an olfactometer assay of sugarcane varieties.
{"title":"Olfactometer response of red palm weevil (RPW) (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its biology for the evaluation of resistance in the commercially grown date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars in Pakistan","authors":"M. Manzoor, H. El-Shafie, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq, A. Hamza, Abdur Rehman, J. N. Ahmad, Muhammad Amjad Ali, Shahbaz Ahmad, M. Tariq, M. S. Haider","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Date palms (P. dactylifera L.) are prominent in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Iran, UAE, Iraq as well as Algeria, Egypt and Pakistan. However, in Pakistan, the commercially grown cultivarsare Aseel, Dhaki, Falsi, Karbalai, Mozawati, Jan Swore, Kohra, Hillawi, Kohra and Begum Jhangi. R. ferrugineus considered as the chief and hazardous insect pest responsible for damage in palm orchards. this work probe the predilection of RPW in 11 divergent palm cultivars (Hillawi, Mozawati, Kechanr, Aseel, Shamrani, Khudravi, Dhaki, Zeri, Kobra, Zaidi, Denda) which frequently grown in different regions of Pakistan associated by way of impulsive expulsion from tissues of palm leaf using Y-shaped olfactometer for research. In addition, level of both antixenosis and antibiosis was spotted by examining the various parameters such as %age lure of weevils of mature female, general count of laid eggs in addition to their activeness. Furthermore, obtained results depicted that a positive contact was establish with minimum antixenotic consequence revealed by a cultivar, “Hillawi” among most hold of RPW adults (22.32%), number of eggs laid (16.66%) and egg hatching (84.66%). While other cultivars including Mozawati, Aseel, Kechanr, Shamrani, Khudravi, Dhaki, Zeri and Zaidi exhibited level of antixenosis with percent weevils attracted (18.13, 17.25, 14.67, 6.17, 5.88, 5.59, 3.5 and1.5%), no. of eggs laid (15, 14, 12.66, 10, 5.66, 4.33, 2.33 and 1.33) along with egg hatching percentages (82, 72.66, 68.33, 53.66, 37.66, 31, 13.33 and 5.66%) respectively. Moreover, “Hillawi” documented the maximum number of eggs similar with strains like Kechanr, Mozawati as well as Aseel while Kobra and Denda showed minimum attraction by RPW. Maximum RPW (6) were attracted in an olfactometer assay of sugarcane varieties.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122770231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.34
N. Ahmad, M. Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar, M. Afzal, A. Khaliq, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad, Salma Niaz, Mubashra Yasin, W. Muzaffar
Abstract Delayed planting of sugarcane crop after harvesting of seed is a common farming practice in all cane growing areas of Pakistan. This study was conducted to find out comparative effect of sugarcane seed having different harvesting or stalling period on productivity of sugarcane. The experiment was planted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement for two consecutive years. Three commercial sugarcane varieties viz. CPF 248, CPF 247 and CPF 246 were kept in main plots whereas cane setts staling; fresh, 3 days, 6 days & 9 days old stale cane setts were placed in sub-plots. The data revealed that sugarcane clones were differed significantly for most of biometric traits under study except cane yield whereas impact of cane setts stalling was also significant excluding for sugar contents. While, interactive effect of all treatment combinations for sugarcane clones and cane setts stalling was found significant except for CCS%. It was found that clone CPF 247 exhibited highest cane and sugar yield by planting fresh cane setts as against lowest for CPF 248 when planted with 9 days old stale cane setts during both years of experimentation. Better growth and yield related traits were predominantly attributed to planting of fresh cane seed having better germination, tillering and cane density.
{"title":"Influence of Stale Cane Seed on Productivity of Sugarcane in Semi-arid Climate","authors":"N. Ahmad, M. Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar, M. Afzal, A. Khaliq, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad, Salma Niaz, Mubashra Yasin, W. Muzaffar","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.34","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Delayed planting of sugarcane crop after harvesting of seed is a common farming practice in all cane growing areas of Pakistan. This study was conducted to find out comparative effect of sugarcane seed having different harvesting or stalling period on productivity of sugarcane. The experiment was planted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement for two consecutive years. Three commercial sugarcane varieties viz. CPF 248, CPF 247 and CPF 246 were kept in main plots whereas cane setts staling; fresh, 3 days, 6 days & 9 days old stale cane setts were placed in sub-plots. The data revealed that sugarcane clones were differed significantly for most of biometric traits under study except cane yield whereas impact of cane setts stalling was also significant excluding for sugar contents. While, interactive effect of all treatment combinations for sugarcane clones and cane setts stalling was found significant except for CCS%. It was found that clone CPF 247 exhibited highest cane and sugar yield by planting fresh cane setts as against lowest for CPF 248 when planted with 9 days old stale cane setts during both years of experimentation. Better growth and yield related traits were predominantly attributed to planting of fresh cane seed having better germination, tillering and cane density.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132618662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.33
F. Abbasi, N. Memon, N. A. Wahocho, Naseem Sharif, Muzamil Farooque, Mudassar Naseer, M. Raza, N. Iftikhar
The poor seedling rootstock is a key factor in mango yield reduction. Container-based study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming and growing media on seedling rootstocks of mango. Hydropriming of seed was performed by using distilled water, while gibberellic acid (GA3) and NPK fertilizer (Solo plant) were used for hormonal and nutripriming, respectively. In second part, the primed and unprimed seeds were planted in four different growing media (GM) including GM1, GM2, GM3 and GM4. Data showed that seed germination (%), germination index (GI), seedling vigor index (SVI), height of seedling, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage of leaf, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) contents in leaf tissue was significantly altered by both seed priming and growing media respectively. In case of priming treatments, hormonal primed seeds had the best seed germination (77.01%), stem diameter (9.65 mm) and electrolyte leakage of leaf (13.01%); while N (1.13%), P (0.14%), K (0.87%), Ca (2.40%) and Mg (0.34%) content of leaf tissue was observed maximum in nutripriming treatment. Whereas, seed germination (71.96%), germination index (11.15) and stem diameter (9.41 mm) had greater values in response to the GM2 treatment. While GM4 grown seedlings had higher seeding height (33.81 cm), N (1.17%), P (0.15%), K (0.98%), Ca (2.64%) and Mg (0.38%) content of leaf tissue. It is concluded that seed germination and seedling growth attributes had a greater influence of GA3, while mineral nutrient contents of leaf had a significant effect on nutripriming. Among growing media, GM2 was observed better for growth parameters while GM4 for mineral nutrient contents of leaf..
{"title":"Comparative Effect of Seed Priming and Growing Media on Germination and Seedling Rootstocks of Mango (Mangifera indica)","authors":"F. Abbasi, N. Memon, N. A. Wahocho, Naseem Sharif, Muzamil Farooque, Mudassar Naseer, M. Raza, N. Iftikhar","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"The poor seedling rootstock is a key factor in mango yield reduction. Container-based study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming and growing media on seedling rootstocks of mango. Hydropriming of seed was performed by using distilled water, while gibberellic acid (GA3) and NPK fertilizer (Solo plant) were used for hormonal and nutripriming, respectively. In second part, the primed and unprimed seeds were planted in four different growing media (GM) including GM1, GM2, GM3 and GM4. Data showed that seed germination (%), germination index (GI), seedling vigor index (SVI), height of seedling, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage of leaf, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) contents in leaf tissue was significantly altered by both seed priming and growing media respectively. In case of priming treatments, hormonal primed seeds had the best seed germination (77.01%), stem diameter (9.65 mm) and electrolyte leakage of leaf (13.01%); while N (1.13%), P (0.14%), K (0.87%), Ca (2.40%) and Mg (0.34%) content of leaf tissue was observed maximum in nutripriming treatment. Whereas, seed germination (71.96%), germination index (11.15) and stem diameter (9.41 mm) had greater values in response to the GM2 treatment. While GM4 grown seedlings had higher seeding height (33.81 cm), N (1.17%), P (0.15%), K (0.98%), Ca (2.64%) and Mg (0.38%) content of leaf tissue. It is concluded that seed germination and seedling growth attributes had a greater influence of GA3, while mineral nutrient contents of leaf had a significant effect on nutripriming. Among growing media, GM2 was observed better for growth parameters while GM4 for mineral nutrient contents of leaf..","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.32
Tanveer Ali Soomro, T. F. Abro, W. A. Jatoi, M. A. Sial, A. W. Baloch, K. A. Laghari, Kiran Soomro, Marina Kanwal Soomro, Muhammad Mustafa Soomro, Ali Bakhsh Soomro, Muhammad Daniyal Memon
Climate change is one of the major threats to wheat cultivation globally. Among abiotic stress, imposed by climate change, drought stress causes a drastic effect on yield and productivity of wheat. Based on this context, research was carried out on eight genotypes including WS-I (Water stress), WS-II, WS-III, WS-IV, WS-V, WS-VI, WS-VII and Khirman (check variety) to check the effect of water stress at the experimental field of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam. The experiment was laid-out in a split-plot design (SPD) with factorial arrangement having four treatments i.e., T1 (normal six irrigations), T2 (one irrigation), T3 (two irrigations) and T4 (three irrigations) and three replications during Rabi season, 2019-2020 in order to assess the response of wheat genotypes under different water regimes conditions for vegetative, yield and yield-related traits. The results of analysis of variance results showed that genotypes were significantly different for all traits except spike length (cm). Similarly, a significant difference was observed among the treatments for all the traits except harvest index (%). While genotype x treatments interaction showed a significance level for most of the yield associated traits except few characters such as days to 75% heading, grain filling period, plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), spikelets spike-1 and grains spike-1 indicating that genotypes perform similarly over the treatment. Maximum mean performance for all the traits was recorded under T3 treatment compared to the T2 and T1. Among the genotypes, WS-1V perform best for grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1 (g), 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield plot-1 and harvest index (%) under all treatments. However, WS-III also performed consistently under T2 and T3 treatment. Thus, genotypes like WS-III and WS-IV could be preferred for growing in those areas where growers face the problem of water shortage. Also, WS-III and WS-IV can be used as donor genotypes for developing drought tolerant varieties.
{"title":"Effect of Water Stress on Growth and Yield Performance of Wheat Genotypes","authors":"Tanveer Ali Soomro, T. F. Abro, W. A. Jatoi, M. A. Sial, A. W. Baloch, K. A. Laghari, Kiran Soomro, Marina Kanwal Soomro, Muhammad Mustafa Soomro, Ali Bakhsh Soomro, Muhammad Daniyal Memon","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.32","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is one of the major threats to wheat cultivation globally. Among abiotic stress, imposed by climate change, drought stress causes a drastic effect on yield and productivity of wheat. Based on this context, research was carried out on eight genotypes including WS-I (Water stress), WS-II, WS-III, WS-IV, WS-V, WS-VI, WS-VII and Khirman (check variety) to check the effect of water stress at the experimental field of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam. The experiment was laid-out in a split-plot design (SPD) with factorial arrangement having four treatments i.e., T1 (normal six irrigations), T2 (one irrigation), T3 (two irrigations) and T4 (three irrigations) and three replications during Rabi season, 2019-2020 in order to assess the response of wheat genotypes under different water regimes conditions for vegetative, yield and yield-related traits. The results of analysis of variance results showed that genotypes were significantly different for all traits except spike length (cm). Similarly, a significant difference was observed among the treatments for all the traits except harvest index (%). While genotype x treatments interaction showed a significance level for most of the yield associated traits except few characters such as days to 75% heading, grain filling period, plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), spikelets spike-1 and grains spike-1 indicating that genotypes perform similarly over the treatment. Maximum mean performance for all the traits was recorded under T3 treatment compared to the T2 and T1. Among the genotypes, WS-1V perform best for grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1 (g), 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield plot-1 and harvest index (%) under all treatments. However, WS-III also performed consistently under T2 and T3 treatment. Thus, genotypes like WS-III and WS-IV could be preferred for growing in those areas where growers face the problem of water shortage. Also, WS-III and WS-IV can be used as donor genotypes for developing drought tolerant varieties.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.31
Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar, M. Ul-Hassan, F. Rasul, T. Khaliq, Abdul Rehman, M. Shaukat, B. Shahzad, Umer Farooq, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad, N. Ahmad
To enhance crop yields, nitrogen is one of essential basic nutritional elements that enable any plant to withstand in stressful conditions. An experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of N rates and its application timings on growth, development and sugarcane yield at farm area of Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan for two consecutive crop seasons (spring 2014 and 2015). Four Nitrogen (N) rates viz.170, 227, 284 and 341 kg ha-1were applied at four different application schedules i.e. T1= 45-75-90 days after planting (DAP); T2= 45-75-90-120 DAP;T3= 45-75-90-120-150 DAP and T4= 45-75-90-120-150-180 DAP, in RCBD having three replications. The results revealed that the treatments significantly affected quantitative traits like tillers plant-1, cane girth, millable count, cane and sugar yield and growth parameters like leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), seasonal total dry matter accumulation (TDM) and seasonal crop growth rate (CGR). Interactive effect of treatments was also significant for cane girth, number of millable canes and LAD. Treatments did not affect cane length significantly during the course of study. Growth traits viz. LAI, LAD and CGR showed improvement by higher N application and the highest values were observed when N was applied late in the season in six splits. A close positive linear relationship was noticed between cane yield and dose & time of N application. It may be concluded from the present study that splitting of nitrogen till 180 days after planting at higher rates (upto 341 kg ha-1) can improve cane and sugar yield of spring planted sugarcane crop under semi-arid climatic conditions
为了提高作物产量，氮是一种重要的基本营养元素，使任何植物都能承受压力条件。在巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德甘蔗研究所连续两个作物季(2014年春季和2015年春季)的农田，研究了施氮量和施氮时间对甘蔗生长发育和产量的影响。施氮量分别为170、227、284和341 kg ha-1，施氮时间分别为T1= 45-75 ~ 90 d;T2= 45-75-90-120 DAP, T3= 45-75-90-120-150 DAP, T4= 45-75-90-120-150-180 DAP, RCBD有三个重复。结果表明，各处理显著影响了分蘖株数1号、甘蔗周长、可蘖数、甘蔗和糖产量等数量性状以及叶面积指数(LAI)、叶面积持续时间(LAD)、季节总干物质积累(TDM)和作物季节性生长率(CGR)等生长参数。各处理对甘蔗周长、可蔗数和LAD也有显著的交互效应。在研究过程中，处理对甘蔗长度没有显著影响。高施氮改善了LAI、LAD和CGR的生长性状，在6个分季中均以晚施氮最高。甘蔗产量与施氮量、施氮时间呈密切的正线性关系。本研究结果表明，在半干旱气候条件下，播后180 d以较高速率(最高可达341 kg ha-1)分解氮可提高春播甘蔗产量和糖产量
{"title":"Response of Sugarcane to Varying Nitrogen Rate and Application Timings Under Semi-Arid Climate","authors":"Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar, M. Ul-Hassan, F. Rasul, T. Khaliq, Abdul Rehman, M. Shaukat, B. Shahzad, Umer Farooq, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad, N. Ahmad","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance crop yields, nitrogen is one of essential basic nutritional elements that enable any plant to withstand in stressful conditions. An experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of N rates and its application timings on growth, development and sugarcane yield at farm area of Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan for two consecutive crop seasons (spring 2014 and 2015). Four Nitrogen (N) rates viz.170, 227, 284 and 341 kg ha-1were applied at four different application schedules i.e. T1= 45-75-90 days after planting (DAP); T2= 45-75-90-120 DAP;T3= 45-75-90-120-150 DAP and T4= 45-75-90-120-150-180 DAP, in RCBD having three replications. The results revealed that the treatments significantly affected quantitative traits like tillers plant-1, cane girth, millable count, cane and sugar yield and growth parameters like leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), seasonal total dry matter accumulation (TDM) and seasonal crop growth rate (CGR). Interactive effect of treatments was also significant for cane girth, number of millable canes and LAD. Treatments did not affect cane length significantly during the course of study. Growth traits viz. LAI, LAD and CGR showed improvement by higher N application and the highest values were observed when N was applied late in the season in six splits. A close positive linear relationship was noticed between cane yield and dose & time of N application. It may be concluded from the present study that splitting of nitrogen till 180 days after planting at higher rates (upto 341 kg ha-1) can improve cane and sugar yield of spring planted sugarcane crop under semi-arid climatic conditions","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.30
Muhammad Afzal Chhajro, Hongqing Hu, K. A. Kubar, S. Kalhoro, M. Narejo, Qamar Sarfaraz, Naimatullah Koondhar, Sanaullah Magsi
Cadmium (Cd) is considered as phytotoxic in nature, its toxicity on the plant development decrease the antioxidative enzymes activities under stress environment. Castor (Ricinus Communis L.) is a metal tolerant plant and its ability to survive in highly polluted soils. Castor plant exhibited the high level of the Cd stress in the soil and buildup the antioxidants i.e., super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) on the top of the ground parts under Cd stress. Castor plant grown in the treated soil for 30 days in various levels of Cd 0, 10, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 soil treatments. Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment. Our results indicated that castor significantly enhanced the Cd contents in root, stem and leaves. The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control. While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control. According to Pearson’s correlation the our research work exposed strongly positive relationship with root, shoot, proline and malionaldihyde. Although the destructive relationship was demonstrated by PoD and SOD enzyme activities. Hence, this study recommended that castor can grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediation
{"title":"Physiological and Growth Responses of Castor (Ricinus Communis L) Under Cadmium Stressed Environment","authors":"Muhammad Afzal Chhajro, Hongqing Hu, K. A. Kubar, S. Kalhoro, M. Narejo, Qamar Sarfaraz, Naimatullah Koondhar, Sanaullah Magsi","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.30","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium (Cd) is considered as phytotoxic in nature, its toxicity on the plant development decrease the antioxidative enzymes activities under stress environment. Castor (Ricinus Communis L.) is a metal tolerant plant and its ability to survive in highly polluted soils. Castor plant exhibited the high level of the Cd stress in the soil and buildup the antioxidants i.e., super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) on the top of the ground parts under Cd stress. Castor plant grown in the treated soil for 30 days in various levels of Cd 0, 10, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 soil treatments. Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment. Our results indicated that castor significantly enhanced the Cd contents in root, stem and leaves. The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control. While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control. According to Pearson’s correlation the our research work exposed strongly positive relationship with root, shoot, proline and malionaldihyde. Although the destructive relationship was demonstrated by PoD and SOD enzyme activities. Hence, this study recommended that castor can grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediation","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"66-69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131035020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-30DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.29
M. Mekso, T. Feyissa
Transcriptome analysis is a useful method for identification and understanding genes. Finding genes that are differentially expressed between conditions is a crucial aspect of transcriptomics. The discovery of RNA seq has been revolutionized next-generation sequencing technology. The fact that RNA sequencing does not requires gene probes and provides a precise measure of gene expression over a much wider range proved its credibility over other common techniques. The expressed gene profile and transcriptome data are stored in a database and could be accessed freely. During RNA seq short read mapping to the reference transcriptome (the set of all known transcript RNA sequences for a species) or genome in the database, a variety of database search tools and alignment methods become visible. There are a variety of applications that help align short reads generated by fragment sequencing. The study of expressed genes is aided by quantifying reads that align to the reference genome or transcriptome. RNA sequencing gives crucial information regarding alternative splicing and gene isoforms, in addition to differential gene expression.
{"title":"RNA-Seq as an Effective Tool for Modern Transcriptomics, A Review-based Study","authors":"M. Mekso, T. Feyissa","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"Transcriptome analysis is a useful method for identification and understanding genes. Finding genes that are differentially expressed between conditions is a crucial aspect of transcriptomics. The discovery of RNA seq has been revolutionized next-generation sequencing technology. The fact that RNA sequencing does not requires gene probes and provides a precise measure of gene expression over a much wider range proved its credibility over other common techniques. The expressed gene profile and transcriptome data are stored in a database and could be accessed freely. During RNA seq short read mapping to the reference transcriptome (the set of all known transcript RNA sequences for a species) or genome in the database, a variety of database search tools and alignment methods become visible. There are a variety of applications that help align short reads generated by fragment sequencing. The study of expressed genes is aided by quantifying reads that align to the reference genome or transcriptome. RNA sequencing gives crucial information regarding alternative splicing and gene isoforms, in addition to differential gene expression.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121365065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.27
M. Mekso, Tigist Markos Mena
Plant tissue culture techniques have encountered a lot of obstacles and breakthroughs as a life-giving technology in numerous field of biotechnology research. Tissue culture technology has evolved throughout times in the world, from shoot tip culture to variety creation. Plant tissue culture may be thought of as a collection of techniques/methodologies that make uses distinct rooms and essential facilities. The Areka tissue culture research laboratory was established with the aim of conducting comprehensive plant biotechnology researches. However, numerous challenges and opportunities have arisen in the course of attempting to conduct tissue culture experiments in the lab. In fact, the lab highlighted several accomplishments in a few key areas while also tracking improvement over time. Therefore, this walk-through review offers an overall picture of the lab in relation to the research plans, status, and trends. As a result, contribute to the provision of baseline information for future study advancement.
{"title":"An overview of plant tissue culture research trends at Areka Agricultural Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia 2016-2019","authors":"M. Mekso, Tigist Markos Mena","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"Plant tissue culture techniques have encountered a lot of obstacles and breakthroughs as a life-giving technology in numerous field of biotechnology research. Tissue culture technology has evolved throughout times in the world, from shoot tip culture to variety creation. Plant tissue culture may be thought of as a collection of techniques/methodologies that make uses distinct rooms and essential facilities. \u0000The Areka tissue culture research laboratory was established with the aim of conducting comprehensive plant biotechnology researches. However, numerous challenges and opportunities have arisen in the course of attempting to conduct tissue culture experiments in the lab. In fact, the lab highlighted several accomplishments in a few key areas while also tracking improvement over time. Therefore, this walk-through review offers an overall picture of the lab in relation to the research plans, status, and trends. As a result, contribute to the provision of baseline information for future study advancement.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128169447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.28
Bushra Urooj Panhwar, A. Keerio, N. Shah, A. A. Panhwar, R. Panhwar, Wazir Ahmed Magsi, J. Ujjan, Juvaria Afzal Arain
Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuV) is a devastating biotic factor that imposed crop productivity a huge loss. To battle this issue this study was assessed in 2019 for the evaluation of the response of leaf extract of miracle tree (Moringa oleifera L.) and potassium (K) nutrition to mitigate the plague of CLCuV disease in cotton variety CRIS-129. Treatments have consisted of the various K dosses Viz., 0, 100, and 150 kg K2SO4 ha-1, and 3% leaf extract of moringa was sprayed at 30, 60, and 90 days after emergence. Results regarding yield components i-e boll weight (g) and seed index (g) were increased by increasing K application and foliar spray of moringa leaf extract but statistically non-significant (p<0.05). However, seed cotton yield and K contents in cotton leaves were significantly increased with all the treatments. The maximum seed cotton yield (2620 kg ha-1) was achieved with 150 kg K2O ha-1 application and it was increased by about 52% over the control treatment. In the case of incidence % of CLCuV disease, both K nutrition as well as foliar spray played a significant role and CLCuV intensity reduced with increasing rate of K doses and foliar sprays.
棉花卷叶病毒病(CLCuV)是一种给作物生产力造成巨大损失的毁灭性生物因子。为了解决这一问题，本研究于2019年进行了评估，以评估奇迹树(Moringa oleifera L.)叶提取物和钾(K)营养对缓解棉花品种crisi -129的CLCuV病的反应。处理包括不同的钾剂量，即0、100和150 kg K2SO4 ha-1，并在羽化后30、60和90天喷洒3%辣木叶提取物。结果表明，增加施钾量和叶面喷施辣木叶提取物可显著提高单铃重(g)和种子指数(g)，但差异无统计学意义(p<0.05)。但各处理均显著提高了籽棉产量和棉花叶片钾含量。施用150 kg K2O hm -1时，籽棉产量最高(2620 kg hm -1)，比对照提高约52%。在CLCuV发病率%的情况下，钾营养和叶面喷施均起显著作用，CLCuV强度随钾用量和叶面喷施率的增加而降低。
{"title":"Considering Leaf Extract of Miracle Tree (Moringa Oleifera L.) and Potassium Nutrition for Contending Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) Disease of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)","authors":"Bushra Urooj Panhwar, A. Keerio, N. Shah, A. A. Panhwar, R. Panhwar, Wazir Ahmed Magsi, J. Ujjan, Juvaria Afzal Arain","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.28","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuV) is a devastating biotic factor that imposed crop productivity a huge loss. To battle this issue this study was assessed in 2019 for the evaluation of the response of leaf extract of miracle tree (Moringa oleifera L.) and potassium (K) nutrition to mitigate the plague of CLCuV disease in cotton variety CRIS-129. Treatments have consisted of the various K dosses Viz., 0, 100, and 150 kg K2SO4 ha-1, and 3% leaf extract of moringa was sprayed at 30, 60, and 90 days after emergence. Results regarding yield components i-e boll weight (g) and seed index (g) were increased by increasing K application and foliar spray of moringa leaf extract but statistically non-significant (p<0.05). However, seed cotton yield and K contents in cotton leaves were significantly increased with all the treatments. The maximum seed cotton yield (2620 kg ha-1) was achieved with 150 kg K2O ha-1 application and it was increased by about 52% over the control treatment. In the case of incidence % of CLCuV disease, both K nutrition as well as foliar spray played a significant role and CLCuV intensity reduced with increasing rate of K doses and foliar sprays.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122488746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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