Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.177
Maaz Aziz, Komal Aslam, M. Abbas, H. Kausar, A. Farooq, Hira Faiz, Naseem Sharif
A field study was conducted for assessment five different varieties of pomegranate (Tarnab gulabi, NARC-1, NARC-2, Kandhari and Sultan) under subtropical agro-climatic conditions. The investigation was conducted under RCBD (randomized complete block design) with five treatments and three replications. Various morphological (plant height, leaf area), fruit physical (fruit size, fruit weight, seed%, juice % and peel %) and biochemical (TSS, pH, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid contents, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars, total antioxidants and total phenols) parameters were studied. Findings noted were subjected to variance analysis at 5% probability. Wide morph-biochemical variation was observed for most of the examined traits. Results showed that NARC-I showed highest value for fruit weight (224.07g), juice % (34.33%), non-reducing sugars (4.53%), titratable acidity (1.67%) and total antioxidant contents (4.53 DPPH inhibition %age) in juice. Kandhari had maximum seed % (42.67%), peel % (39.23%) and vitamin C (12.13 mg/100ml) contents. Highest plant height (11.23 feet), leaf area (1031.4mm), juice pH (3.43), TSS (19.20 brix), reducing sugars (11.70%) and total phenols (11.70 µg GAE L-1) was observed in Sultan strain. Based on the outcomes of this investigation, it can be concluded that Sultan performed better in terms of vegetative and fruit physical and bio-chemical attributes under subtropical agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad.
{"title":"Morpho-Biochemical Assessment of Pomegranate Germplasm Under Subtropical Climatic Conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan","authors":"Maaz Aziz, Komal Aslam, M. Abbas, H. Kausar, A. Farooq, Hira Faiz, Naseem Sharif","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.177","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was conducted for assessment five different varieties of pomegranate (Tarnab gulabi, NARC-1, NARC-2, Kandhari and Sultan) under subtropical agro-climatic conditions. The investigation was conducted under RCBD (randomized complete block design) with five treatments and three replications. Various morphological (plant height, leaf area), fruit physical (fruit size, fruit weight, seed%, juice % and peel %) and biochemical (TSS, pH, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid contents, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars, total antioxidants and total phenols) parameters were studied. Findings noted were subjected to variance analysis at 5% probability. Wide morph-biochemical variation was observed for most of the examined traits. Results showed that NARC-I showed highest value for fruit weight (224.07g), juice % (34.33%), non-reducing sugars (4.53%), titratable acidity (1.67%) and total antioxidant contents (4.53 DPPH inhibition %age) in juice. Kandhari had maximum seed % (42.67%), peel % (39.23%) and vitamin C (12.13 mg/100ml) contents. Highest plant height (11.23 feet), leaf area (1031.4mm), juice pH (3.43), TSS (19.20 brix), reducing sugars (11.70%) and total phenols (11.70 µg GAE L-1) was observed in Sultan strain. Based on the outcomes of this investigation, it can be concluded that Sultan performed better in terms of vegetative and fruit physical and bio-chemical attributes under subtropical agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117001495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.186
Waleed Asghar, Naveed Asghar, Farhan Iftikhar, A. Mahmood, A. Latif, J. Nawab, M. Imran, Madeehaa Khan, M. Arsalan, Muhammad Ehsan, R. Ullah, M. Bilal
Bio-organic fertilizers can improve soil health and maintain microbial activity. The application of Aspergillus spp. can degrade organic matter, promote plant growth, and improve soil health by accelerating soil nutrients and biological activity. Previously, Aspergillus spp. has shown potential in phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. Still, a study gap remains, and focus has been placed on clarifying the impact of Aspergillus sp. AS2022 on soil microbial biomass and soil nutrient acceleration. For this purpose, a pot experiment was established with four different treatments: cow compost (CC), cow compost + AS2022 (CA), AS2022 (AS) strain only and control-only soil (CK). The amount of cow compost used was 180 mg N kg-1. Results revealed that inoculation of AS2022 with cow compost stimulated nitrogen mineralization and enhanced available nitrogen and accelerated the soil enzyme activities, which proposed that it could contribute to wheat crop production through the initial and later phases of plant growth. Although a single application of AS2022 enhances plant growth compared to the control, it might be the release of secondary metabolites. However, our short-term findings showed that the combined application of beneficial fungal strain AS2022 along cow compost was suitable culture for wheat crop production and improvement of soil quality through organic matter degradation and accelerating soil nutrients.
生物有机肥可以改善土壤健康，保持微生物活性。曲霉的施用可以降解有机质，促进植物生长，并通过加速土壤养分和生物活性来改善土壤健康。此前，曲霉在磷酸盐溶解和铁载体生产方面已显示出潜力。尽管如此，研究仍存在空白，重点是澄清Aspergillus sp. AS2022对土壤微生物生物量和土壤养分加速的影响。为此，建立了4种不同处理的盆栽试验:奶牛堆肥(CC)、奶牛堆肥+ AS2022 (CA)、AS2022 (AS)品系和对照土壤(CK)。奶牛堆肥用量为180 mg N kg-1。结果表明，奶牛堆肥接种AS2022可促进土壤氮素矿化，提高速效氮含量，加快土壤酶活性，表明AS2022可通过植物生长初期和后期促进小麦作物产量。虽然与对照相比，单次施用AS2022能促进植株生长，但这可能是次生代谢产物的释放。然而，我们的短期研究结果表明，有益真菌菌株AS2022与奶牛堆肥联合施用适合小麦作物生产，并通过有机质降解和加速土壤养分来改善土壤质量。
{"title":"Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to combined application of organic compost along with plant growth promoting Aspergillus fungi","authors":"Waleed Asghar, Naveed Asghar, Farhan Iftikhar, A. Mahmood, A. Latif, J. Nawab, M. Imran, Madeehaa Khan, M. Arsalan, Muhammad Ehsan, R. Ullah, M. Bilal","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.186","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-organic fertilizers can improve soil health and maintain microbial activity. The application of Aspergillus spp. can degrade organic matter, promote plant growth, and improve soil health by accelerating soil nutrients and biological activity. Previously, Aspergillus spp. has shown potential in phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. Still, a study gap remains, and focus has been placed on clarifying the impact of Aspergillus sp. AS2022 on soil microbial biomass and soil nutrient acceleration. For this purpose, a pot experiment was established with four different treatments: cow compost (CC), cow compost + AS2022 (CA), AS2022 (AS) strain only and control-only soil (CK). The amount of cow compost used was 180 mg N kg-1. Results revealed that inoculation of AS2022 with cow compost stimulated nitrogen mineralization and enhanced available nitrogen and accelerated the soil enzyme activities, which proposed that it could contribute to wheat crop production through the initial and later phases of plant growth. Although a single application of AS2022 enhances plant growth compared to the control, it might be the release of secondary metabolites. However, our short-term findings showed that the combined application of beneficial fungal strain AS2022 along cow compost was suitable culture for wheat crop production and improvement of soil quality through organic matter degradation and accelerating soil nutrients.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125791125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.101
M. Chohan, R. N. Panhwar, A. F. Soomro, Ghulam Mohyuddin Kaloi, A. H. Mari, I. B. Bhatti, M. A. Gadehi
The heavy rainfall caused biggest ever natural rain flood in River Indus in the history of Pakistan during 2010. The deltaic district Thatta of Sindh Pakistan hit by flood with breach came out at Dyke near Thatta city on right bank of River Indus. The soil sampling was carried out in month July 2010 prior to flood for routine soil analysis. After flood again soil samples from 13 same sites of pre flood spots were collected at two depths, 0-15 and 15-30 cm. Aim was to observe soil physic-chemical properties and nutrient status of pre-flood and post flood conditions. Soil sand pH and SAR were found significantly higher in post-flood conditions whereas clay and OM were found high in pre-flood conditions. The nutrients status of N, P, Ca and Mg were depleted however K remained satisfactory in post-flood conditions. In post flood conditions the pH and SAR were positive and significantly correlated with each other indicated disperse of soil. The information obtained from this study will be helpful to develop flood qualification strategies and proper management of soil.
{"title":"Evaluation of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Pre and Post Flood Conditions at Thatta Sindh Pakistan","authors":"M. Chohan, R. N. Panhwar, A. F. Soomro, Ghulam Mohyuddin Kaloi, A. H. Mari, I. B. Bhatti, M. A. Gadehi","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.101","url":null,"abstract":"The heavy rainfall caused biggest ever natural rain flood in River Indus in the history of Pakistan during 2010. The deltaic district Thatta of Sindh Pakistan hit by flood with breach came out at Dyke near Thatta city on right bank of River Indus. The soil sampling was carried out in month July 2010 prior to flood for routine soil analysis. After flood again soil samples from 13 same sites of pre flood spots were collected at two depths, 0-15 and 15-30 cm. Aim was to observe soil physic-chemical properties and nutrient status of pre-flood and post flood conditions. Soil sand pH and SAR were found significantly higher in post-flood conditions whereas clay and OM were found high in pre-flood conditions. The nutrients status of N, P, Ca and Mg were depleted however K remained satisfactory in post-flood conditions. In post flood conditions the pH and SAR were positive and significantly correlated with each other indicated disperse of soil. The information obtained from this study will be helpful to develop flood qualification strategies and proper management of soil. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131026973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.145
W. A. Panhwar, Ishwar Khatri, F. Soomro
The current study aimed to compile comprehensive records of Orthoptera fauna with a focus on British India. For the first time, efforts were made to represent a record in a specific order for the areas falling under Pakistani jurisdiction. The British Indian fauna consists of 28 records from 12 different sub-families that are widely distributed in Pakistan. In addition, the current status of the species in these areas is described in this paper.
{"title":"Records of Orthoptera in Fauna of British India within present bounderies of Pakistan","authors":"W. A. Panhwar, Ishwar Khatri, F. Soomro","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.145","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to compile comprehensive records of Orthoptera fauna with a focus on British India. For the first time, efforts were made to represent a record in a specific order for the areas falling under Pakistani jurisdiction. The British Indian fauna consists of 28 records from 12 different sub-families that are widely distributed in Pakistan. In addition, the current status of the species in these areas is described in this paper.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115743422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.111
Shehnaz Pathan, A. W. Solangi, Jan Muhammad Marri, Sajjad Ali Khuhro, A. G. Lanjar
Chilli crop is drastically damaged by chilli thrip due to cryptic in nature and difficult to monitor the population till damge symptoms become visible. Simultaneously, this noxious pest mainly controlled by the use of chemicals, which lead to several problems. The main purpose of the present research is to monitor, manage and keep thrip population below economic thresh hold level (ETL) by using various colour (Yellow, Blue, Green & Whitesheets) sticky traps on various trap heights (30, 60,90 & 120 centimeters) were instlled in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at fazal stop,Tandoallahyar during March, 2018 for the management of chilli thrip population efficiently. As a results of scouting experiment, it was confirmend that the yellow color sticky trap was significantly attracted highest number of Scirtothrips dorsalis than other sticky traps with significant differences (F=11.58; df=259, P<0.001), also the maximum thrips were captured on traps which were installed at 90cm height as compared to other heights. During management trial, the significant reduction in thrip population was recorded in IPM plots, t-test showed a significant difference (t=6.11, F=0.75; df=114, P<0.0001) in IPM and conventional plots. Since, the yellow color sticky trap attracted much more number of thrips at the height of 90cm. Thus, it is recommended as important components of IPM for the management of thrip in chilli agri-eco system
{"title":"Management of Scriptothrip Dorsalis (Thysanoptera; Thripidae) in Chilli Crop","authors":"Shehnaz Pathan, A. W. Solangi, Jan Muhammad Marri, Sajjad Ali Khuhro, A. G. Lanjar","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.111","url":null,"abstract":"Chilli crop is drastically damaged by chilli thrip due to cryptic in nature and difficult to monitor the population till damge symptoms become visible. Simultaneously, this noxious pest mainly controlled by the use of chemicals, which lead to several problems. The main purpose of the present research is to monitor, manage and keep thrip population below economic thresh hold level (ETL) by using various colour (Yellow, Blue, Green & Whitesheets) sticky traps on various trap heights (30, 60,90 & 120 centimeters) were instlled in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at fazal stop,Tandoallahyar during March, 2018 for the management of chilli thrip population efficiently. As a results of scouting experiment, it was confirmend that the yellow color sticky trap was significantly attracted highest number of Scirtothrips dorsalis than other sticky traps with significant differences (F=11.58; df=259, P<0.001), also the maximum thrips were captured on traps which were installed at 90cm height as compared to other heights. During management trial, the significant reduction in thrip population was recorded in IPM plots, t-test showed a significant difference (t=6.11, F=0.75; df=114, P<0.0001) in IPM and conventional plots. Since, the yellow color sticky trap attracted much more number of thrips at the height of 90cm. Thus, it is recommended as important components of IPM for the management of thrip in chilli agri-eco system","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122113491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.170
A. H. Mastoi, W. M. Mangrio, H. A. Sahito, F. I. Sahito, F. A. Jatoi, S. Solangi
The research studies were carried out at Key Laboratory of Entomology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi under 60±5% Relative Humidity, light: dark photoperiod at 14h: 10h to assess different range temperature effects on the population of Acyrthosiphon pisum on different pea cultivars during, 2018. The results indicated that the shortest pea aphid nymph development period up to (5.75±0.31 days) were lasted on cv. Feizai-3 at 36oC and longest (9.38±0.34 days) were noted on cv. Nenzao at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum adult development period (4.16±0.20 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 39oC and the longest (5.72±0.33 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum longevity period (5.43±0.72 days) were recorded on cv. Feizai-3 at 39oC and longest (11.83±0.72 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum oviposition period (3.61±0.32 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 33oC and longest (4.41±0.35 days) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC. The minimum nymph survival period was counted (0.23±0.07) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC and maximum on cv. Hanyi-401 (0.73±0.08) at 30oC. According to the DMRT, Test, non-significant difference was reported in all the above parameters between the cultivars in all temperature regimes. The present study suggests that temperature fluctuations also affect on the life expectancy of A. pisum. In future endeavors more work should be carried out to restrict the pest population of sap-sucking insects to secure the legumes varieties
{"title":"Effects of Different Temperatures on the Biology of Acyrthosiphon pisum on Different Pea Cultivars","authors":"A. H. Mastoi, W. M. Mangrio, H. A. Sahito, F. I. Sahito, F. A. Jatoi, S. Solangi","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.170","url":null,"abstract":"The research studies were carried out at Key Laboratory of Entomology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi under 60±5% Relative Humidity, light: dark photoperiod at 14h: 10h to assess different range temperature effects on the population of Acyrthosiphon pisum on different pea cultivars during, 2018. The results indicated that the shortest pea aphid nymph development period up to (5.75±0.31 days) were lasted on cv. Feizai-3 at 36oC and longest (9.38±0.34 days) were noted on cv. Nenzao at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum adult development period (4.16±0.20 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 39oC and the longest (5.72±0.33 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum longevity period (5.43±0.72 days) were recorded on cv. Feizai-3 at 39oC and longest (11.83±0.72 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum oviposition period (3.61±0.32 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 33oC and longest (4.41±0.35 days) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC. The minimum nymph survival period was counted (0.23±0.07) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC and maximum on cv. Hanyi-401 (0.73±0.08) at 30oC. According to the DMRT, Test, non-significant difference was reported in all the above parameters between the cultivars in all temperature regimes. The present study suggests that temperature fluctuations also affect on the life expectancy of A. pisum. In future endeavors more work should be carried out to restrict the pest population of sap-sucking insects to secure the legumes varieties","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129996813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.188
Kanwal Jamali, Farman Sahito, Z. Shah, Naheed Akhter Talpur, I. Rajpar, S. K. Babar, K. H. Talpur, J. Afzal, Zoya Leghari
Spatial variability mapping of soil properties is essential to understand the differences among soils found in a geographical region for their better management. This study aimed at spatial variability mapping of selected soil properties of district Tando Allahyar, Sindh which is one of the most important districts of Sindh province. The results revealed that majority of soils (35.6%) had loamy slightly medium-textured type, including 30.8% silt loam, 3.8% loam and 1.0% silt, followed by clayey, fine-textured heavy type (27.9%), including 18.3% clay, 6.7% silty clay and 2.9% sandy clay. Soils with sandy, coarse-textured light type were 20.2%, including 16.3% sandy loam and 1.9% loamy sand and sand each. Soils with loamy, moderately medium-textured type were 16.3%, including 9.6% clay loam and 6.7% sandy clay loam, while silty clay loam soil texture was total missing. The EC ranged from 0.14 to 4.44 dS m-1 (mean: 0.69 dS m-1, mode: 0.42 dS m-1). Majority (91%) of soils had low (46%) to medium (45) level of salinity. Soil pH ranged from 6.2 to 8.6 (mean: 7.7, mode: 8.3). Majority of soils (84%) had either slightly (24%), medium (22%) or strongly alkaline (38%) soil pH. Interestingly, some soils (13%) had slightly acidic pH. Organic matter ranged from 0.10 to 1.6% (mean: 0.64%, mode: 0.17%). Majority (84%) of soils were deficient in organic matter. Soil ABDTPA-P ranged from 1.2 to 18.8 mg kg-1 (mean: 5.38 mg kg-1, mode: 2.4 mg kg-1). More than half (55%) of the soils had low P, while soils with marginal (14%) or adequate (31%) P were also present. Soil ABDTPA-K ranged from 31 to 376 mg kg-1 (mean: 154 mg kg-1, mode: 230 mg kg-1). Majority of soils (62%) had adequate K, while soils with marginal (28%) or low (11%) K were also found. Spatial variability mapping revealed the dominance of loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, silty clay and clay loam textures, medium > low and high > salinity, slightly to medium alkaline soils > strongly alkaline soils, low organic matter content, medium to adequate > low soil P, and adequate soil K. The spatial variation found in various soil properties of district Tando Allahyar, Sindh must be taken in mind while deciding about their site-specific management, using the recently developed maps.
{"title":"Spatial Variability Mapping of Selected Soil Properties of District Tando Allahyar, Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"Kanwal Jamali, Farman Sahito, Z. Shah, Naheed Akhter Talpur, I. Rajpar, S. K. Babar, K. H. Talpur, J. Afzal, Zoya Leghari","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.188","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial variability mapping of soil properties is essential to understand the differences among soils found in a geographical region for their better management. This study aimed at spatial variability mapping of selected soil properties of district Tando Allahyar, Sindh which is one of the most important districts of Sindh province. The results revealed that majority of soils (35.6%) had loamy slightly medium-textured type, including 30.8% silt loam, 3.8% loam and 1.0% silt, followed by clayey, fine-textured heavy type (27.9%), including 18.3% clay, 6.7% silty clay and 2.9% sandy clay. Soils with sandy, coarse-textured light type were 20.2%, including 16.3% sandy loam and 1.9% loamy sand and sand each. Soils with loamy, moderately medium-textured type were 16.3%, including 9.6% clay loam and 6.7% sandy clay loam, while silty clay loam soil texture was total missing. The EC ranged from 0.14 to 4.44 dS m-1 (mean: 0.69 dS m-1, mode: 0.42 dS m-1). Majority (91%) of soils had low (46%) to medium (45) level of salinity. Soil pH ranged from 6.2 to 8.6 (mean: 7.7, mode: 8.3). Majority of soils (84%) had either slightly (24%), medium (22%) or strongly alkaline (38%) soil pH. Interestingly, some soils (13%) had slightly acidic pH. Organic matter ranged from 0.10 to 1.6% (mean: 0.64%, mode: 0.17%). Majority (84%) of soils were deficient in organic matter. Soil ABDTPA-P ranged from 1.2 to 18.8 mg kg-1 (mean: 5.38 mg kg-1, mode: 2.4 mg kg-1). More than half (55%) of the soils had low P, while soils with marginal (14%) or adequate (31%) P were also present. Soil ABDTPA-K ranged from 31 to 376 mg kg-1 (mean: 154 mg kg-1, mode: 230 mg kg-1). Majority of soils (62%) had adequate K, while soils with marginal (28%) or low (11%) K were also found. Spatial variability mapping revealed the dominance of loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, silty clay and clay loam textures, medium > low and high > salinity, slightly to medium alkaline soils > strongly alkaline soils, low organic matter content, medium to adequate > low soil P, and adequate soil K. The spatial variation found in various soil properties of district Tando Allahyar, Sindh must be taken in mind while deciding about their site-specific management, using the recently developed maps. ","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134197206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.175
M. Ijaz, Fraza Ijaz, Muhammad Imran Latif, Muhammad Nadeem, A. Niaz
Crop yields are highly affected due to physiochemical properties of soil and climatic conditions of the region. The yield of the crop is drastically impacted in terms of final economic product due to problems which occurs in life cycle of the plant under the stress conditions like, stunted growth, permanent wilting, and delay in leaf initiation as well as oxidative stresses at molecular level. Maize (Zea mays L.), widely used as staple food has an ample amount of fats and fibres. Salt stress decreases maize yield and in this regard a hydroponic study was carried out to screen maize genotypes against two salinity stress levels i.e., 10 mol m-3 NaCl and 100 mol m-3 NaCl under hydroponic conditions. Nine (09) hybrid genotypes, i.e., Pioneer 3335 (V1), Pioneer 32F10 (V2), Syngenta 8441 (V3), Pioneer: 33H25 (V4), Pioneer: 3233 (V5), Monsanto 6142 (V6), Syngenta 8711 (V7), Monsanto 6528 (V8), Pioneer 31P41 (V9) were selected for experiment. Statistically, the analysis showed the highest root-shoot length, root fresh-dry weight, and shoot fresh-dry weight with V3 (Syngenta 8441) and the minimum with V1 (Pioneer 3335). The results showed that root length increased by 35% shoot length increased by 34% while total length was enhanced by 34% in syngenta 8441. The results clearly depicted that the best suited variety for salt affected areas can be recommended as Syngenta 8441 whereas the least tolerant was Pioneer 3335 in terms of physiological, physical, and growth characteristics.
{"title":"Varietal Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Strains Under Saline Conditions","authors":"M. Ijaz, Fraza Ijaz, Muhammad Imran Latif, Muhammad Nadeem, A. Niaz","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.175","url":null,"abstract":"Crop yields are highly affected due to physiochemical properties of soil and climatic conditions of the region. The yield of the crop is drastically impacted in terms of final economic product due to problems which occurs in life cycle of the plant under the stress conditions like, stunted growth, permanent wilting, and delay in leaf initiation as well as oxidative stresses at molecular level. Maize (Zea mays L.), widely used as staple food has an ample amount of fats and fibres. Salt stress decreases maize yield and in this regard a hydroponic study was carried out to screen maize genotypes against two salinity stress levels i.e., 10 mol m-3 NaCl and 100 mol m-3 NaCl under hydroponic conditions. Nine (09) hybrid genotypes, i.e., Pioneer 3335 (V1), Pioneer 32F10 (V2), Syngenta 8441 (V3), Pioneer: 33H25 (V4), Pioneer: 3233 (V5), Monsanto 6142 (V6), Syngenta 8711 (V7), Monsanto 6528 (V8), Pioneer 31P41 (V9) were selected for experiment. Statistically, the analysis showed the highest root-shoot length, root fresh-dry weight, and shoot fresh-dry weight with V3 (Syngenta 8441) and the minimum with V1 (Pioneer 3335). The results showed that root length increased by 35% shoot length increased by 34% while total length was enhanced by 34% in syngenta 8441. The results clearly depicted that the best suited variety for salt affected areas can be recommended as Syngenta 8441 whereas the least tolerant was Pioneer 3335 in terms of physiological, physical, and growth characteristics.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121989393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.92
I. B. Bhatti, Ishwar Khatri, M. Chohan, Ghulam Moheyddin Kaloi, Adul Fatah Soomro, R. N. Panhwar, A. H. Mari
The whiteflies are polyphagous, host, and feed on the sap of sugarcane leaves may cause a loss in yield production. This study was designed to screen out the fifteen sugarcane genotypes to recognize their comparative resistance/susceptibility during 2014-15 and 2015-16. The whitefly attack was first found in June, rapidly increased in August, and reached its maximum population in October. After that, the population gradually declined from November to December. The highest 1.80 per cm2 leaf-1 population of whitefly (nymph + puparia) was recorded on YT-53, followed by 1.56 per cm2 leaf-1 in S-2007-AUS-384, which showed moderate susceptibility. The genotypes Hoth-127, NARC-1, and CP-TJ-349, exhibited less susceptible responses with an average range of 1.01-1.50 per cm2 leaf-1. The other genotypes, i.e., CP-TJ-349, Hoth-326, Th-910, S-2005-CSSG-33, S-2007-AUS-384, Hoth-2109, LAM-76/TJ-803, Th-1201, S-2009-CPSG-06, S-1996-NSG-197, NARC-2, and Th-1210 showed resistance response with an average range of 0.01-1.00 per cm2 leaf-1. The maximum Host Plant Susceptibility Indices (HPSIs) during 2015 (16% and 15%), 2016 (13% and 14%), and cumulative (16% and 14%) were recorded in YT-53 and S-2007-AUS-384, respectively. Based on the cumulative result of HPSIs, these genotypes keep in the moderately susceptible category. Similarly, the genotypes Hoth-127, NARC-1, and CP-TJ-349 showed intermediate HPSIs (12, 11, and 9% respectively, found to be less susceptible. While the genotypes, i.e., Hoth-326, Th-910, S-2005-CSSG-33, LAM-76/TJ-803, Hoth-2109, Th-1201, S-1996-NSG-197, S-2009-CPSG-06, NARC-2, and Th-1210 were recorded minimum HPSIs in the range of 1-8% possibly found to be resistant.
{"title":"Evaluation of Host Plant Susceptibility Indices and Screening of Sugarcane Promising Lines for Resistance Potential Against Whitefly, Aleurolobus barodensis (Maskell) in Sindh, Pakistan.","authors":"I. B. Bhatti, Ishwar Khatri, M. Chohan, Ghulam Moheyddin Kaloi, Adul Fatah Soomro, R. N. Panhwar, A. H. Mari","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.92","url":null,"abstract":"The whiteflies are polyphagous, host, and feed on the sap of sugarcane leaves may cause a loss in yield production. This study was designed to screen out the fifteen sugarcane genotypes to recognize their comparative resistance/susceptibility during 2014-15 and 2015-16. The whitefly attack was first found in June, rapidly increased in August, and reached its maximum population in October. After that, the population gradually declined from November to December. The highest 1.80 per cm2 leaf-1 population of whitefly (nymph + puparia) was recorded on YT-53, followed by 1.56 per cm2 leaf-1 in S-2007-AUS-384, which showed moderate susceptibility. The genotypes Hoth-127, NARC-1, and CP-TJ-349, exhibited less susceptible responses with an average range of 1.01-1.50 per cm2 leaf-1. The other genotypes, i.e., CP-TJ-349, Hoth-326, Th-910, S-2005-CSSG-33, S-2007-AUS-384, Hoth-2109, LAM-76/TJ-803, Th-1201, S-2009-CPSG-06, S-1996-NSG-197, NARC-2, and Th-1210 showed resistance response with an average range of 0.01-1.00 per cm2 leaf-1. The maximum Host Plant Susceptibility Indices (HPSIs) during 2015 (16% and 15%), 2016 (13% and 14%), and cumulative (16% and 14%) were recorded in YT-53 and S-2007-AUS-384, respectively. Based on the cumulative result of HPSIs, these genotypes keep in the moderately susceptible category. Similarly, the genotypes Hoth-127, NARC-1, and CP-TJ-349 showed intermediate HPSIs (12, 11, and 9% respectively, found to be less susceptible. While the genotypes, i.e., Hoth-326, Th-910, S-2005-CSSG-33, LAM-76/TJ-803, Hoth-2109, Th-1201, S-1996-NSG-197, S-2009-CPSG-06, NARC-2, and Th-1210 were recorded minimum HPSIs in the range of 1-8% possibly found to be resistant.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129650858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.194
Sarfraz Ahmed, K. Ahmed, M. Nawaz, Haffezullah Rafa, A. Wakeel, M. Yunas, S. S. Hussain, A. Aulakh, Muhammad Qaiser Nawaz, R. Bibi, M. K. Shaheen
Press mud is a nutrient-rich organic residue and elemental sulfur being a reclamation agent in combination or alone can be used for rehabilitation of salt-affected soils on wheat-pearl millet crops. The results of present study revealed that press mud and sulfur hold excellent potential to reclaim the saline-sodic soil and alleviate the salinity stress in wheat and pearl millet crops. However, integrated use of sulfur (S) and press mud (PM) demonstrated the positive effects on soil health and crop resilience. Application of S @ 50% gypsum requirement (GR) with PM @ 10 t ha-1 showed better results than all other treatments and increased the plant height, number of tillers, spike length, 1000 grain weight, straw yield and grain yield of wheat by 11.16%, 9.87%, 27.93%, 15.65%, 33.54% and 50.26% respectively. Same trend was observed in pearl millet and the plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, grain panicle-1, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield were increased by 16.66%, 22.85%, 13.11%, 9.74%, 13.64%, and19.37% respectively over control. Integrated use of sulfur and press mud also ameliorated the soil properties and reduced the soil pH (4.57%), EC (15.26%), SAR (56.26%), and BD (10.11%) and increased HC (32.5%). Therefore, the integrated sulfur application @ 50% GR and press mud @ 10 t ha-1 are recommended as an effective reclamation strategy to manage the saline-sodic soil for better productivity of wheat and pearl millet crops.
压榨泥是一种营养丰富的有机残留物和单质硫，可作为复垦剂组合或单独用于小麦-珍珠谷子作物盐渍土壤的修复。本研究结果表明，压榨泥和硫磺在改良盐碱地和缓解小麦和珍珠粟作物的盐胁迫方面具有良好的潜力。然而，硫和压浆的综合利用对土壤健康和作物抗逆性有积极的影响。施S @ 50%石膏需要量(GR)和PM @ 10 t hm -1处理效果较好，小麦株高、分蘖数、穗长、千粒重、秸秆产量和籽粒产量分别提高11.16%、9.87%、27.93%、15.65%、33.54%和50.26%。珍珠粟的株高、分蘖数、穗长、穗1粒、千粒重和产量分别比对照提高了16.66%、22.85%、13.11%、9.74%、13.64%和19.37%。硫和压浆的综合使用也改善了土壤的性质，降低了土壤的pH(4.57%)、EC(15.26%)、SAR(56.26%)和BD(10.11%)，增加了HC(32.5%)。因此，建议采用50% GR的综合施硫和10 t hm -1的压榨泥浆作为盐碱地的有效复垦策略，以提高小麦和珍珠粟作物的生产力。
{"title":"Management of Saline-Sodic Soil through Press Mud and Sulfur Application for Wheat-Pearl Millet Cropping System","authors":"Sarfraz Ahmed, K. Ahmed, M. Nawaz, Haffezullah Rafa, A. Wakeel, M. Yunas, S. S. Hussain, A. Aulakh, Muhammad Qaiser Nawaz, R. Bibi, M. K. Shaheen","doi":"10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.194","url":null,"abstract":"Press mud is a nutrient-rich organic residue and elemental sulfur being a reclamation agent in combination or alone can be used for rehabilitation of salt-affected soils on wheat-pearl millet crops. The results of present study revealed that press mud and sulfur hold excellent potential to reclaim the saline-sodic soil and alleviate the salinity stress in wheat and pearl millet crops. However, integrated use of sulfur (S) and press mud (PM) demonstrated the positive effects on soil health and crop resilience. Application of S @ 50% gypsum requirement (GR) with PM @ 10 t ha-1 showed better results than all other treatments and increased the plant height, number of tillers, spike length, 1000 grain weight, straw yield and grain yield of wheat by 11.16%, 9.87%, 27.93%, 15.65%, 33.54% and 50.26% respectively. Same trend was observed in pearl millet and the plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, grain panicle-1, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield were increased by 16.66%, 22.85%, 13.11%, 9.74%, 13.64%, and19.37% respectively over control. Integrated use of sulfur and press mud also ameliorated the soil properties and reduced the soil pH (4.57%), EC (15.26%), SAR (56.26%), and BD (10.11%) and increased HC (32.5%). Therefore, the integrated sulfur application @ 50% GR and press mud @ 10 t ha-1 are recommended as an effective reclamation strategy to manage the saline-sodic soil for better productivity of wheat and pearl millet crops.","PeriodicalId":197597,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130475200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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