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2021 6th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID)最新文献

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Impact of Grid Forming Power Converters on the Provision of Grid Services through VSC-HVdc Systems 电网形成电源变流器对通过VSC-HVdc系统提供电网服务的影响
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662147
Anuradha Mudalige, M. Langwasser, M. Liserre
High Voltage dc (HVdc) transmission systems have gained increased popularity as a flexible and efficient power transmission option with higher grid controllability. Widespread adoption of HVdc systems for interconnecting power systems and integrating large renewable energy generation facilities such as wind farms, has forced the power system to undergo a transition from a predominantly ac system into a hybrid ac-dc system, specially in the high voltage transmission grid. This paper attempts to provide an overview on the role of Voltage Source Converter based HVdc(VSC-HVdc) systems within the evolving power system as a grid services provider. Special attention is paid to discuss the impact of Grid Forming converter control approach on the provision of such services through VSC-HVdc systems.
高压直流(HVdc)输电系统作为一种灵活、高效、电网可控性强的输电选择,越来越受到人们的欢迎。高压直流输电系统被广泛应用于互联电力系统和整合风力发电场等大型可再生能源发电设施,迫使电力系统从主要的交流系统过渡到交直流混合系统,特别是在高压输电网中。本文试图概述基于电压源变换器的HVdc(vdc -HVdc)系统作为电网服务提供商在不断发展的电力系统中的作用。特别注意讨论了电网形成变流器控制方法对通过VSC-HVdc系统提供此类服务的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Versatile Control Functions of Hybrid Solid-State Transformers in Distribution Systems 配电系统中混合固态变压器的多功能控制功能
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662162
Lizhi Ding, Xiaonan Lu, A. Huang
Solid-state transformers (SSTs) can provide various advanced functions to support the stable, flexible, and resilient operation of modern power grids. To enhance the power rating and the controllability of SSTs at the distribution substation level, a hybrid SST (HSST) is proposed recently where the line-frequency transformer (LFT) is combined with the SST to process the major power flow while the SST section supports advanced grid control functions. In this paper, the voltage regulation and the power flow regulation control functions of HSST are developed by using discrete-set model predictive control (MPC). Various test cases are designed and validated in the PLECS environment.
固态变压器(SSTs)可以提供各种先进功能,以支持现代电网的稳定、灵活和弹性运行。为了提高配电所级SST的额定功率和可控性,最近提出了一种混合SST (HSST),将线频变压器(LFT)与SST结合处理主要潮流,而SST部分支持先进的电网控制功能。本文利用离散集模型预测控制(MPC)实现了HSST的电压调节和潮流调节控制功能。在PLECS环境中设计和验证了各种测试用例。
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引用次数: 3
Ransomware Security Threat Modeling for Photovoltaic Systems 光伏系统勒索软件安全威胁建模
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662163
Yingzhai Su, Bohyun Ahn, Syed. R. B. Alvee, Taesic Kim, Jinchun Choi, Scott C. Smith
Ransomware attacks are one of the most dangerous cyber-attacks which can disrupt the operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems and incur an enormous economic loss. This paper introduces a ransomware security threat modeling method that identifies potential vulnerabilities, threats, and impacts of ransomware attacks targeting a PV system. The security threat modeling consists of three steps: 1) system identification, 2) threat modeling that finds existing vulnerabilities, 3) attack modeling that designs attack profiles to succeed ransomware attacks, and 4) penetration testing that performs authorized cyber-attacks and analyzes impacts of the ransomware attack profiles using a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) PV system security testbed.
勒索软件攻击是最危险的网络攻击之一,它可以破坏光伏系统的运行并造成巨大的经济损失。本文介绍了一种勒索软件安全威胁建模方法,该方法可以识别针对光伏系统的勒索软件攻击的潜在漏洞、威胁和影响。安全威胁建模包括三个步骤:1)系统识别,2)发现现有漏洞的威胁建模,3)设计攻击配置文件以成功攻击勒索软件的攻击建模,以及4)使用实时硬件在环(HIL)光伏系统安全测试平台执行授权网络攻击并分析勒索软件攻击配置文件的影响的渗透测试。
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引用次数: 2
A SOC-feedback Control Scheme for Fast Frequency Support with Hybrid Battery/Supercapacitor Storage System 一种基于soc反馈的电池/超级电容器混合存储系统快速频率支持控制方案
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662149
S. Bruno, Giovanni de Carne, Cosimo Iurlaro, Carmine Rodio, Mino Specchio
Providing fast frequency regulation by means of energy storage systems is currently considered as a viable solution to low-inertia issues, caused by power electronics-interfaced generators. In particular, hybrid energy storage systems, composed by more energy storage technologies having different power and energy ratings, can optimally support the frequency regulation. A supercapacitor/battery storage system, for example, can exploit the supercapacitor dynamic active power response for synthetic inertia control, while the battery can provide primary and secondary frequency regulation. However, the optimal energy management of hybrid energy storage systems during transients needs to be addressed further in literature. In this paper, a State of Charge (SOC) feedback control scheme is proposed, that adjusts the active power output reference depending on the state of charge, avoiding excessive stress on the components and limiting the state of charge excursions. Control system parameters are optimally tuned minimizing a weighted multi-objective function in the solution of an optimal control problem. Test results adopting different weights are presented and discussed.
目前,通过储能系统提供快速频率调节被认为是解决电力电子接口发电机引起的低惯性问题的可行方案。特别是混合储能系统,由更多具有不同功率和能量额定值的储能技术组成,可以最佳地支持频率调节。例如,超级电容器/电池存储系统可以利用超级电容器动态有功功率响应进行综合惯性控制,而电池可以提供一次和二次频率调节。然而,混合储能系统在瞬态时的最佳能量管理问题需要在文献中进一步研究。提出了一种荷电状态反馈控制方案,根据荷电状态调整有功输出基准功率,避免元件承受过大应力,限制荷电状态漂移。在最优控制问题中,控制系统参数的最优调整是最小化一个加权多目标函数。给出并讨论了采用不同权重的试验结果。
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引用次数: 5
Architecture and Topology Overview of Modular Smart Solid-State Transformer 模块化智能固态变压器的结构和拓扑概述
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662131
Rongwu Zhu, M. Liserre
Smart solid-state Transformer (ST) is an emerging technology that targets to modernize the electricity grids and to facilitate the integration of low carbon technologies (PV, EV charging station and storage). The ST performances in terms of services provision, reliability, cost and efficiency, are depended on its architecture and topology, besides the advanced control strategies. The modular architecture has the advantages in reliability, maintenance and scalability in the medium voltage grid applications. This paper comprehensively analyzes and compares the modular multilevel converter solutions for ST, based on the literature and industry survey, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages for each topology. Based on the position of dc/dc stage, the ST topology is classified into two different types. Particular focus has been given to the dc connectivity provision at different voltage level, the required number of building blocks, scalability and fault tolerance.
智能固态变压器(ST)是一项新兴技术,旨在实现电网现代化,促进低碳技术(光伏、电动汽车充电站和储能)的整合。ST在服务提供、可靠性、成本和效率方面的性能取决于其结构和拓扑,以及先进的控制策略。模块化结构在中压电网应用中具有可靠性、可维护性和可扩展性等优点。本文在文献和行业调查的基础上,全面分析和比较了ST的模块化多电平转换器解决方案,突出了每种拓扑的优缺点。根据dc/dc级的位置,ST拓扑分为两种不同的类型。特别关注的是不同电压水平下的直流连接性、所需的构建块数量、可扩展性和容错性。
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引用次数: 0
EMI Investigation of Power Electronics Interfaces in Modern Electricity Grids 现代电网中电力电子接口的电磁干扰研究
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662137
Yi Liu, Rongwu Zhu, Yang Lin, Q. Geng, Taowen Huang, Lin Fu
With the increasing penetration of power converters-interfaced resources in the modern networks, the electricity grids may suffer from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues, which result in the voltage surges and transients, threatening the reliable operation of the adjacent sensitive devices. In this paper, the EMI performances of the back-to-back converters, taken into account the impacts of switching frequency, operation modes (uni-direction and bi-direction), and passive filter (common mode filter and decoupling filter), are investigated and analyzed. The common mode equivalent circuit of the power converter is presented in this paper to explain the propagation path of the EMI between the inverter and rectifier. The field measured results are presented to clearly show the EMI performances of the commercial power converters.
随着电源变换器接口资源在现代电网中的渗透,电网可能会受到电磁干扰问题的影响,导致电压浪涌和瞬变,威胁到相邻敏感器件的可靠运行。本文在考虑开关频率、工作模式(单向和双向)和无源滤波器(共模滤波器和去耦滤波器)的影响下,对背靠背变换器的电磁干扰性能进行了研究和分析。本文提出了功率变换器的共模等效电路,以解释逆变器与整流器之间电磁干扰的传播路径。给出了现场测量结果,清晰地显示了商用电源变换器的电磁干扰性能。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Control of Smart Transformer-fed Grid 智能变压器电网的鲁棒控制
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662128
Zhixiang Zou, Jian Tang, Yi Zhang, Xingqi Liu, Z. Wang, Mingke Cheng
The Smart Transformer (ST) is a solid-state transformer with control and communication functionalities, interfacing medium voltage and low voltage (LV) grids. The ST-fed grid has high potential to optimize power system and avoid or postpone the reinforcement of distribution networks. However, with the increasing utilization of power converters, the challenges in terms of system stability are encountered. To better understand the problems, this paper firstly develops the models of ST LV converter and grid-forming as well as grid-following converters used in the LV grid. Then, the stability of a ST-fed grid with different types of converters is studied by considering the effect of line impedance. To address the stability issues, a robust control strategy is proposed for the ST LV converter. Simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
智能变压器(ST)是一种具有控制和通信功能的固态变压器,可连接中压和低压(LV)电网。st馈电电网在优化电力系统、避免或推迟配电网加固方面具有很大的潜力。然而,随着功率变换器的日益普及,系统的稳定性也面临着挑战。为了更好地理解这些问题,本文首先建立了低压电网中使用的ST低压变流器和成网以及随网变流器的模型。然后,考虑线路阻抗的影响,研究了不同变流器类型的st馈电电网的稳定性。为了解决稳定性问题,提出了一种鲁棒控制策略。仿真结果验证了所提控制方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Design and Implementation of Model Predictive Control for Parallel Distributed Energy Resource in Islanded AC Microgrids 孤岛交流微电网并联分布式能源模型预测控制的设计与实现
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662156
Hussain Sarwar Khan, J. Kumar, K. Kauhaniemi
This study proposes the voltage control strategy for distributed energy resource (DER) in islanded AC microgrids (MG). Typically, AC MG can maintain a constant voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) as well as perform power-sharing among the DERs. However, linear controllers have several restrictions such as slow transient response, poor disturbance rejection capability etc. Therefore, this study presents an FCS-MPC for a DER with effective voltage regulation capability. The investigated work demonstrates excellent steady-state performance, a low computational burden, better response under transients and have low switching frequency as compared to linear control. First, the benefits of FCS-MPVC for single DER has been studied, then the same topology along with droop control is employed for multiple DERs in AC MG to serve the load. Droop control shows improved power-sharing among the DERs. The performance of the proposed control technique is demonstrated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations for single DG and AC MG under linear, non-linear loading conditions.
提出了孤岛交流微电网中分布式能源的电压控制策略。通常,交流MG可以在共耦合点(PCC)保持恒定电压,并在der之间进行功率共享。然而,线性控制器存在一些限制,如瞬态响应慢、抗干扰能力差等。因此,本研究提出了一种具有有效电压调节能力的DER的FCS-MPC。与线性控制相比,该系统具有优异的稳态性能、较低的计算量、较好的瞬态响应和较低的开关频率。首先,研究了FCS-MPVC对单个DER的优势,然后在交流MG的多个DER中采用相同的拓扑结构和下垂控制来服务负载。下垂控制改善了der之间的权力共享。通过MATLAB/Simulink对单个DG和交流MG在线性和非线性负载条件下的控制性能进行了仿真验证。
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引用次数: 1
Development of a multi-timescale method for classifying hybrid energy storage systems in grid applications 电网应用中混合储能系统多时间尺度分类方法的发展
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662136
Christina Zugschwert, S. Göschl, F. Ibanez, Karl-Heinz Pettinger
An extended use of renewable energies and a trend towards increasing energy consumption lead to challenges such as temporal and spatial decoupling of energy generation and consumption. This work evaluates the possible applications and advantages of hybrid energy storage systems compared to conventional, single energy storage applications. In a mathematical approach, evaluation criteria such as frequency, probability of power transients, as well as absolute power peaks are combined to identify suitable thresholds for energy management systems on a multi-timescale basis. With experimental load profiles from a municipal application, an airport, and an industrial application, four categories, clustering similar roles of the VRFB and the SC, are developed.
可再生能源的广泛使用和能源消费增加的趋势导致能源生产和消费的时空脱钩等挑战。这项工作评估了混合储能系统与传统的单一储能应用相比的可能应用和优势。在数学方法中,评估标准如频率,功率暂态概率,以及绝对功率峰值相结合,以确定在多时间尺度基础上的能源管理系统的合适阈值。根据市政应用、机场和工业应用的实验负载概况,开发了四个类别,聚集了VRFB和SC的类似作用。
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引用次数: 1
3SSC Inverter Applied to a Photovoltaic System 3SSC逆变器在光伏系统中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1109/eGRID52793.2021.9662154
Matheus Borges Ferreira, Elias Lopes Oliveira, W. H. Maciel, Henrique Antônio Carvalho Braga
The use of renewable sources has attracted large interest in the area of electricity due to environmental issues that have affected the Earth. Brazil has great potential for solar electricity generation, which has been used by some public and private institutions. In this context, the inclusion of photovoltaic energy as an alternative source in the Brazilian mix has gained considerable prominence in recent years. The main purpose of this work is to present studies that aim at providing high power for an isolated load, through the application of a photovoltaic (PV) system connected to an inverter based on the three-state switching cell (typical acronym: 3SSC). This case shows itself as an interesting alternative because of the advantage of reducing the current levels of semiconductor devices by using a mixed multi-port PS-PWM, phase shift and delta-sine modulation control technique. The proposed system will be implemented in the PSIM software and the results and specifications will be discussed throughout next sections. Furthermore, there is a brief evaluation concerning ongrid operation, also considering the implementation of a cascaded boost converter (with Maximum Power Point Tracking - MPPT) to the above mentioned 3SSC inverter.
由于影响地球的环境问题,可再生能源的使用引起了人们对电力领域的极大兴趣。巴西在太阳能发电方面潜力巨大,一些公共和私人机构已经在使用太阳能发电。在这种情况下,近年来,光伏能源作为一种替代能源在巴西的混合中获得了相当大的重视。这项工作的主要目的是通过应用光伏(PV)系统连接到基于三态开关电池(典型缩写:3SSC)的逆变器,为隔离负载提供高功率的研究。这种情况下显示自己是一个有趣的替代方案,因为通过使用混合多端口PS-PWM,相移和δ正弦调制控制技术来降低半导体器件的电流水平。提议的系统将在PSIM软件中实施,结果和规范将在下一节中讨论。此外,还有一个关于电网运行的简短评估,也考虑到对上述3SSC逆变器实施级联升压变换器(具有最大功率点跟踪- MPPT)。
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引用次数: 0
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2021 6th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID)
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