Disruptive technologies have been defined as "new technologies" capable of significant changes in a certain field. Among all, additive manufacturing describes those technologies that build 3D objects by adding layer upon layer of material. Regardless of what a laboratory specializes in, there are chances that 3D printing will improve its processes and performance. 3D printing has also benefited microscopy, enabling the manufacture of microscope parts such as lens inserts, mounts, and objects such as microscopy chambers for storing samples. Generally, such applications allow laboratories to be less dependent on external services and suppliers. This article is presenting a review of the literature in the additive manufacturing field applications, mainly focused on the fine mechanics/optics and opto-mechatronics fields, as well as the authors experience in deriving actual examples of opto-mechanical and opto-mechatronics parts of laboratory instruments (mounts, positioning mechanism including compliant ones, etc.).
{"title":"Uses of 3D printing technologies in opto-mechanics and opto-mechatronics for laboratory instruments","authors":"M. L. Comeaga, O. Donţu, Vlad-Andrei Stanescu","doi":"10.1117/12.3021521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021521","url":null,"abstract":"Disruptive technologies have been defined as \"new technologies\" capable of significant changes in a certain field. Among all, additive manufacturing describes those technologies that build 3D objects by adding layer upon layer of material. Regardless of what a laboratory specializes in, there are chances that 3D printing will improve its processes and performance. 3D printing has also benefited microscopy, enabling the manufacture of microscope parts such as lens inserts, mounts, and objects such as microscopy chambers for storing samples. Generally, such applications allow laboratories to be less dependent on external services and suppliers. This article is presenting a review of the literature in the additive manufacturing field applications, mainly focused on the fine mechanics/optics and opto-mechatronics fields, as well as the authors experience in deriving actual examples of opto-mechanical and opto-mechatronics parts of laboratory instruments (mounts, positioning mechanism including compliant ones, etc.).","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper has as a purpose the characterization, simulation (with SCAPS-1D software) and optimization of the performance characteristics of a perovskite solar cell (PSC). The performance of the cell was evaluated by interpreting the results based on the influence of characteristics such as the thickness of the layers, the temperature, the density of defects that may appear inside the absorbing material and at the interfaces, etc. Following the simulations, optimal parameters were determined, which led to a value of 23.49% for the power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is the highest compared to other MAPbI3-based PSCs simulated with SCAPS-1D that we found in recent literature. The performance of the proposed perovskite solar cell could be further improved by choosing other types of perovskites, and by variations of other characteristics and parameters of the layers.
{"title":"Simulation in SCAPS-1D and optimization of a perovskite solar cell","authors":"Andrei Drăgulinescu, Andreea-Georgiana Ulăreanu","doi":"10.1117/12.3021756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021756","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has as a purpose the characterization, simulation (with SCAPS-1D software) and optimization of the performance characteristics of a perovskite solar cell (PSC). The performance of the cell was evaluated by interpreting the results based on the influence of characteristics such as the thickness of the layers, the temperature, the density of defects that may appear inside the absorbing material and at the interfaces, etc. Following the simulations, optimal parameters were determined, which led to a value of 23.49% for the power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is the highest compared to other MAPbI3-based PSCs simulated with SCAPS-1D that we found in recent literature. The performance of the proposed perovskite solar cell could be further improved by choosing other types of perovskites, and by variations of other characteristics and parameters of the layers.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We study the form and shape of the interferometric patterns obtained in a small angle rotationally shearing interferometer (iRSI) and compare them to those obtained in the traditional Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). We concentrate on low order rotationally asymmetric aberrations, tilt, astigmatism, and coma. We find that the iRSI rotates the interferometric pattern by the angle p/(2l), where l is the second summation index of the wavefront polynomial. Thus, the interferometric patterns for the tilt and coma are rotated by 90 degrees, while those for astigmatism by only 45 degrees, relative to those of the MZI. Additionally, when the experimenter wishes to implement a rotation of the interference pattern in the IRSI, he / she needs to incorporate a relative change of the infinitesimal rotation (dj) from some (δφ)min to (δφ)max. However, the true derivative function is accomplished only for an infinitesimal shear angle.
{"title":"Fringe pattern distribution in small angle rotationally shearing interferometer","authors":"Marija Strojnik","doi":"10.1117/12.3036953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3036953","url":null,"abstract":"We study the form and shape of the interferometric patterns obtained in a small angle rotationally shearing interferometer (iRSI) and compare them to those obtained in the traditional Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). We concentrate on low order rotationally asymmetric aberrations, tilt, astigmatism, and coma. We find that the iRSI rotates the interferometric pattern by the angle p/(2l), where l is the second summation index of the wavefront polynomial. Thus, the interferometric patterns for the tilt and coma are rotated by 90 degrees, while those for astigmatism by only 45 degrees, relative to those of the MZI. Additionally, when the experimenter wishes to implement a rotation of the interference pattern in the IRSI, he / she needs to incorporate a relative change of the infinitesimal rotation (dj) from some (δφ)min to (δφ)max. However, the true derivative function is accomplished only for an infinitesimal shear angle.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
children, especially those with neuro-motor impairments, as they have difficulty in following a form of education. In this paper, i will present the steps taken and the results obtained in the project I coordinated, Micro mobile garden 2.0 - Sensory nature, a project that offers a teaching model based on individual-centered education. This project uses playbased activities and elements of nature (water, earth, herbs) to improve sensory stimulation of children with disabilities. The project involves teachers from different fields, such as: painting/drawing, engineering, plant science and pedagogy. It is focused on the preparation of didactic material for the improvement of cognitive, motor and sensory skills of children with disabilities in a day center in Timișoara. The work makes the transition to the field of medical electronics in order to design the necessary equipment and to set up sensory environment and school designs necessary for the use of people with disabilities.
{"title":"Improving the way children with disabilities learn using play-based techniques and seasonal activities","authors":"M. Pișleagă","doi":"10.1117/12.3018264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3018264","url":null,"abstract":"children, especially those with neuro-motor impairments, as they have difficulty in following a form of education. In this paper, i will present the steps taken and the results obtained in the project I coordinated, Micro mobile garden 2.0 - Sensory nature, a project that offers a teaching model based on individual-centered education. This project uses playbased activities and elements of nature (water, earth, herbs) to improve sensory stimulation of children with disabilities. The project involves teachers from different fields, such as: painting/drawing, engineering, plant science and pedagogy. It is focused on the preparation of didactic material for the improvement of cognitive, motor and sensory skills of children with disabilities in a day center in Timișoara. The work makes the transition to the field of medical electronics in order to design the necessary equipment and to set up sensory environment and school designs necessary for the use of people with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article proposes the creation of an image processing application dedicated to laser spot detection, along with an experimental setup designed for the scrutiny of laser spot control. In the conclusive phase of testing the optomechatronic device, a specialized setup was intricately crafted for the precise analysis of the laser spot's position. This experimental arrangement involves the device projecting a laser spot onto graph paper positioned 1.5m away. Horizontally positioned on the shaker, controlled vibrations are imparted to the base of the laser scalpel prototype. A high-resolution video camera captures the laser spot's movement at 2160p and 60 frames per second. Following the tests, MATLAB is employed for video processing, revealing the nuances of the laser spot's motion. The initial test introduces a 10 Hz sinusoidal signal to the shaker, inducing oscillations in the laser spot on the graph paper. A brief video, comprising around 660 frames, is recorded, and subsequently processed to validate the optical processing procedure. This comprehensive methodology establishes a robust foundation for assessing the device's performance, ensuring precise compensation for induced vibrations during laser operation. The experimental findings highlight the efficacy of the proposed mechanism in augmenting the precision and stability of laser-based tools, thereby laying the groundwork for advancements in minimally invasive medical interventions.
{"title":"Precision evaluation of a laser scalpel prototype: comprehensive testing and compensation analysis for laser spot control","authors":"E. Niță, D. Comeagă, Mihai Avram","doi":"10.1117/12.3021517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021517","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes the creation of an image processing application dedicated to laser spot detection, along with an experimental setup designed for the scrutiny of laser spot control. In the conclusive phase of testing the optomechatronic device, a specialized setup was intricately crafted for the precise analysis of the laser spot's position. This experimental arrangement involves the device projecting a laser spot onto graph paper positioned 1.5m away. Horizontally positioned on the shaker, controlled vibrations are imparted to the base of the laser scalpel prototype. A high-resolution video camera captures the laser spot's movement at 2160p and 60 frames per second. Following the tests, MATLAB is employed for video processing, revealing the nuances of the laser spot's motion. The initial test introduces a 10 Hz sinusoidal signal to the shaker, inducing oscillations in the laser spot on the graph paper. A brief video, comprising around 660 frames, is recorded, and subsequently processed to validate the optical processing procedure. This comprehensive methodology establishes a robust foundation for assessing the device's performance, ensuring precise compensation for induced vibrations during laser operation. The experimental findings highlight the efficacy of the proposed mechanism in augmenting the precision and stability of laser-based tools, thereby laying the groundwork for advancements in minimally invasive medical interventions.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam Władziński, Grzegorz Orlicki, Michał Barczak, Małogrzata Szczerska, Jacek Łubiński, Filip Janiak
Machine learning algorithms traditionally rely on large datasets for high accuracy. However, advances in the field are now enabling the exploration of solutions in niche engineering areas with smaller datasets. This article reviews the challenges and solutions in working with small datasets, particularly in optoelectronics and biomedical engineering. In optoelectronics, small datasets are key for designing and validating photonic systems, as experiments with living tissues can be costly and complex. The article discusses optimizing photonic response simulations and system calibration using machine learning models that are effective with smaller datasets. In biomedical engineering, the focus is on 3D-printed tissue phantoms, which mimic living tissue properties for non-invasive validation of photonic devices in diagnostics. The study explores how small data techniques like transfer learning, bootstrapping, regularization, and K-fold cross-validation can improve interpretations from small datasets, enhance predictive capabilities, and address data scarcity issues.
机器学习算法传统上依赖大型数据集来实现高准确性。然而，现在该领域的进步使得人们能够利用较小的数据集探索利基工程领域的解决方案。本文回顾了使用小型数据集的挑战和解决方案，尤其是在光电子学和生物医学工程领域。在光电子学领域，小型数据集是设计和验证光子系统的关键，因为使用活体组织进行实验可能成本高昂且十分复杂。文章讨论了利用机器学习模型优化光子响应模拟和系统校准，这些模型对较小的数据集非常有效。在生物医学工程领域，重点是三维打印组织模型，它可以模拟活体组织的特性，对诊断中的光子设备进行无创验证。该研究探讨了转移学习、引导、正则化和 K 倍交叉验证等小数据技术如何改善小数据集的解释、增强预测能力并解决数据稀缺问题。
{"title":"Small data in model calibration for optical tissue phantom validation","authors":"Adam Władziński, Grzegorz Orlicki, Michał Barczak, Małogrzata Szczerska, Jacek Łubiński, Filip Janiak","doi":"10.1117/12.3021367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021367","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning algorithms traditionally rely on large datasets for high accuracy. However, advances in the field are now enabling the exploration of solutions in niche engineering areas with smaller datasets. This article reviews the challenges and solutions in working with small datasets, particularly in optoelectronics and biomedical engineering. In optoelectronics, small datasets are key for designing and validating photonic systems, as experiments with living tissues can be costly and complex. The article discusses optimizing photonic response simulations and system calibration using machine learning models that are effective with smaller datasets. In biomedical engineering, the focus is on 3D-printed tissue phantoms, which mimic living tissue properties for non-invasive validation of photonic devices in diagnostics. The study explores how small data techniques like transfer learning, bootstrapping, regularization, and K-fold cross-validation can improve interpretations from small datasets, enhance predictive capabilities, and address data scarcity issues.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, multi-junction (MJ) solar cells have been researched extensively, due to their potential of achieving improved performance and a higher efficiency as compared to single-junction cells. Various architectures were proposed, and different simulation programs were employed in their analysis. In this paper, we characterized and simulated a high-efficiency GaInP/InGaAs/Ge solar cell, using the software Solcore, a Python-based library. We obtained the I-V characteristics of the cell, at illumination and dark conditions, respectively, and at different temperatures, the carrier density characteristics, and the external quantum efficiency as a function of the wavelength. We estimated the electrical parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit intensity, fill factor and power conversion efficiency) as a function of the temperature (from 0 to 90°C) and of the base layer thickness, comparatively, for several single-junction cells, two alternatives of two-junction cells and the three-junction solar cell. As compared to previous research attempts in the field, we used a different software approach, we evaluated different parameter variations and obtained improved results for the efficiency of the cell. The proposed solar cell can be further improved by the optimization of the junction thickness and modification of doping levels in the layers.
{"title":"Solcore simulation of a GaInP/InGaAs/Ge solar cell","authors":"Ana-Maria Petcu, Andrei Drăgulinescu","doi":"10.1117/12.3021753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021753","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, multi-junction (MJ) solar cells have been researched extensively, due to their potential of achieving improved performance and a higher efficiency as compared to single-junction cells. Various architectures were proposed, and different simulation programs were employed in their analysis. In this paper, we characterized and simulated a high-efficiency GaInP/InGaAs/Ge solar cell, using the software Solcore, a Python-based library. We obtained the I-V characteristics of the cell, at illumination and dark conditions, respectively, and at different temperatures, the carrier density characteristics, and the external quantum efficiency as a function of the wavelength. We estimated the electrical parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit intensity, fill factor and power conversion efficiency) as a function of the temperature (from 0 to 90°C) and of the base layer thickness, comparatively, for several single-junction cells, two alternatives of two-junction cells and the three-junction solar cell. As compared to previous research attempts in the field, we used a different software approach, we evaluated different parameter variations and obtained improved results for the efficiency of the cell. The proposed solar cell can be further improved by the optimization of the junction thickness and modification of doping levels in the layers.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to characterize, simulate and optimize the performance characteristics of an organic solar cell. The software resource SCAPS-1D was used to evaluate the characteristics of this organic solar cell, for different values of the most representative device performance parameters (such as the thickness of the organic layer and of the other layers that make up the solar cell, the intensity of light incident on the surface of the device, the electron affinity, etc.) and of the parameters that model the factors that diminish its performance (the density of defects that can appear inside the absorber material, and the effects of increasing the working temperature). The structure of the photovoltaic device was modeled, and characteristics and quantities such as I-V (intensity vs. voltage) characteristic in light and dark conditions, respectively, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit intensity, fill factor, power conversion efficiency and others were simulated and interpreted. By a careful choice of parameters, an improvement of the efficiency of the cell was obtained, from 10.17% to 16.93%. The proposed solar cell can be further optimized by modifying other parameters and properties of the cell layers, while maintaining a good stability performance of the solar cell.
{"title":"SCAPS-1D simulation and optimization of an organic solar cell","authors":"Andreea-Georgiana Ulăreanu, Andrei Drăgulinescu","doi":"10.1117/12.3021754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021754","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to characterize, simulate and optimize the performance characteristics of an organic solar cell. The software resource SCAPS-1D was used to evaluate the characteristics of this organic solar cell, for different values of the most representative device performance parameters (such as the thickness of the organic layer and of the other layers that make up the solar cell, the intensity of light incident on the surface of the device, the electron affinity, etc.) and of the parameters that model the factors that diminish its performance (the density of defects that can appear inside the absorber material, and the effects of increasing the working temperature). The structure of the photovoltaic device was modeled, and characteristics and quantities such as I-V (intensity vs. voltage) characteristic in light and dark conditions, respectively, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit intensity, fill factor, power conversion efficiency and others were simulated and interpreted. By a careful choice of parameters, an improvement of the efficiency of the cell was obtained, from 10.17% to 16.93%. The proposed solar cell can be further optimized by modifying other parameters and properties of the cell layers, while maintaining a good stability performance of the solar cell.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical images have often unfocused zones that present a challenge for interpretation, as medical diagnosis is given through the optical inspection of the affected region. An algorithm that can adjust the contrast has been developed and presented in this paper. We inspired us from predatory birds, which can focus on the sole region of interest and chose wavelets as a useful mathematical tool. To prevent errors, due to under-exposed real-life images (which can mask medical features) we aimed to develop a reliable algorithm: we tried to improve the optical detection of Computed Tomograph - lung images. We combined a Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization with a bihrink filter applied in the wavelet domain. Same as the tactics chosen by predatory birds, wavelets are adjustable devices with can zoom on the region we want to focus, adjusting accordingly the mother wavelet and the iterations level. The results obtained after filtering are accurate, the physiological features are better outlined, and have been graphically displayed for interpretation. As a conclusion, the study focuses on making the optical characteristics of the image better and to limit thus the necessity of contrast substances, which can lead to unnecessary complications (especially in elders and children).
{"title":"Bio-inspired wavelet algorithm to improve optical contrast of medical images","authors":"B. Arvinti, M. Costache","doi":"10.1117/12.3021481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3021481","url":null,"abstract":"Medical images have often unfocused zones that present a challenge for interpretation, as medical diagnosis is given through the optical inspection of the affected region. An algorithm that can adjust the contrast has been developed and presented in this paper. We inspired us from predatory birds, which can focus on the sole region of interest and chose wavelets as a useful mathematical tool. To prevent errors, due to under-exposed real-life images (which can mask medical features) we aimed to develop a reliable algorithm: we tried to improve the optical detection of Computed Tomograph - lung images. We combined a Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization with a bihrink filter applied in the wavelet domain. Same as the tactics chosen by predatory birds, wavelets are adjustable devices with can zoom on the region we want to focus, adjusting accordingly the mother wavelet and the iterations level. The results obtained after filtering are accurate, the physiological features are better outlined, and have been graphically displayed for interpretation. As a conclusion, the study focuses on making the optical characteristics of the image better and to limit thus the necessity of contrast substances, which can lead to unnecessary complications (especially in elders and children).","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mechanical stimuli are regulators not only in cells but also in the extracellular matrix activity, with special reference to collagen bundles composition, amount and distribution. Collagen, the major protein in human tissues, contributes to the tissues mechanical properties including ductility under tension and also compressive behavior. However, how mechanical forces in these tissues are translated to mechanotransduction pathways - that ultimately drive the biological response - remains unknown. In this context, 3D imaging methods are necessary to capture the increased complexity that can arise due to high levels of anisotropy and out-of-plane motion, particularly in the disorganized, injured states. An interesting method for 3D imaging and quantitative analysis of collagenous tissues has spread in recent years: it is based on the unique characteristics of synchrotron radiation; it overcome the intrinsic limitations of both histology, achieving only a 2D characterization, and conventional tomographic approaches, poorly resolving the collagenous tissues. In this research, the focus has been placed on our recent researches based on the exploitation of synchrotron-based phase-contrast tomography for the investigation human collagenous tissue physio-pathologies, but also to study the outcome of different tissue-engineering strategies. Encouraging results proved that synchrotron-based imaging is suitable to access and quantify human collagenous tissues. Moreover, with the support of neural networks and deep learning, it is possible to quantify structures in synchrotron phase-contrast images that were not distinguishable before. In particular, collagen bundles can be identified by their orientation and not only by their physical densities, as was made possible using conventional thresholding segmentation techniques. Localised changes in fiber orientation, curvature and strain may involve changes in regional strain transfer and mechanical function, with consequent clinical implications. The comprehension of these kinetics can foster the discovery of therapeutic approaches for the maintaining or re-establishment of correct tissue tensions, as a key to successful and regulated tissues remodeling/repairing and wound healing.
{"title":"Soft tissues and force fields: advanced 3D synchrotron-based imaging for diagnostics and regenerative medicine","authors":"Alessandra Giuliani, M. Furlani, Nicole Riberti","doi":"10.1117/12.3016226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3016226","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical stimuli are regulators not only in cells but also in the extracellular matrix activity, with special reference to collagen bundles composition, amount and distribution. Collagen, the major protein in human tissues, contributes to the tissues mechanical properties including ductility under tension and also compressive behavior. However, how mechanical forces in these tissues are translated to mechanotransduction pathways - that ultimately drive the biological response - remains unknown. In this context, 3D imaging methods are necessary to capture the increased complexity that can arise due to high levels of anisotropy and out-of-plane motion, particularly in the disorganized, injured states. An interesting method for 3D imaging and quantitative analysis of collagenous tissues has spread in recent years: it is based on the unique characteristics of synchrotron radiation; it overcome the intrinsic limitations of both histology, achieving only a 2D characterization, and conventional tomographic approaches, poorly resolving the collagenous tissues. In this research, the focus has been placed on our recent researches based on the exploitation of synchrotron-based phase-contrast tomography for the investigation human collagenous tissue physio-pathologies, but also to study the outcome of different tissue-engineering strategies. Encouraging results proved that synchrotron-based imaging is suitable to access and quantify human collagenous tissues. Moreover, with the support of neural networks and deep learning, it is possible to quantify structures in synchrotron phase-contrast images that were not distinguishable before. In particular, collagen bundles can be identified by their orientation and not only by their physical densities, as was made possible using conventional thresholding segmentation techniques. Localised changes in fiber orientation, curvature and strain may involve changes in regional strain transfer and mechanical function, with consequent clinical implications. The comprehension of these kinetics can foster the discovery of therapeutic approaches for the maintaining or re-establishment of correct tissue tensions, as a key to successful and regulated tissues remodeling/repairing and wound healing.","PeriodicalId":198425,"journal":{"name":"Other Conferences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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