Without education, development will not occur, only an educated people can command the skills necessary for sustainable economic growth and for a better quality of life. Recognizing this fact, African governments have placed heavy emphasis on expanding educational opportunities from primary school through university to the past four decades. More over, international organization have put so much emphasis on supporting educational expansion and improvement in Africa. However, education in Africa is in crisis today (and most especially for African universities). Enrollments rise as capacities for government support decline; talented staff are abandoning the campuses; libraries are out dated; research output are dropping, students are protesting overcrowded and inhospitable conditions; staffs are equally protesting poor working conditions (with continues strikes); university graduates are seriously underemployed or unemployed; and general educational quality is deteriorating. The need for action is urgent and thus effective educational policy making is imperative for the eradication of the identified problems.
{"title":"Educational (Work) Performance in African Countries: Problems, Policies and Prospects","authors":"G. Nwaobi","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.960279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.960279","url":null,"abstract":"Without education, development will not occur, only an educated people can command the skills necessary for sustainable economic growth and for a better quality of life. Recognizing this fact, African governments have placed heavy emphasis on expanding educational opportunities from primary school through university to the past four decades. More over, international organization have put so much emphasis on supporting educational expansion and improvement in Africa. However, education in Africa is in crisis today (and most especially for African universities). Enrollments rise as capacities for government support decline; talented staff are abandoning the campuses; libraries are out dated; research output are dropping, students are protesting overcrowded and inhospitable conditions; staffs are equally protesting poor working conditions (with continues strikes); university graduates are seriously underemployed or unemployed; and general educational quality is deteriorating. The need for action is urgent and thus effective educational policy making is imperative for the eradication of the identified problems.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121861959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing empirical schemas of class structure do not specify the capitalist class in an adequate manner. We propose a schema in which the specification of capitalist households is based on wealth thresholds. Individuals in noncapitalist households are assigned class locations based on their position in the labor process. The schema is designed to address the question of the relationship between class structure and overall economic inequality. Our analysis of the U.S. data shows that class divisions among households, especially the large gaps between capitalist households and everyone else, contribute substantially to overall inequality.
{"title":"Class Structure and Economic Inequality","authors":"E. Wolff, Ajit Zacharias","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.956092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.956092","url":null,"abstract":"Existing empirical schemas of class structure do not specify the capitalist class in an adequate manner. We propose a schema in which the specification of capitalist households is based on wealth thresholds. Individuals in noncapitalist households are assigned class locations based on their position in the labor process. The schema is designed to address the question of the relationship between class structure and overall economic inequality. Our analysis of the U.S. data shows that class divisions among households, especially the large gaps between capitalist households and everyone else, contribute substantially to overall inequality.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121869622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cette etude dresse un profil de pauvrete multidimensionnelle non monetaire au Cameroun et en teste la concordance avec le profil de pauvrete monetaire disponible. Elle est structuree autour d’un indicateur composite qui rend compte de la diversite des conditions de vie des menages au Cameroun. La pertinence economique et empirique de cet indicateur est d’abord discutee, avant sa construction par une analyse factorielle multiple. La pauvrete des conditions de vie se traduit par l’exclusion des menages de la consommation de certaines commodites de base, du fait de leur indisponibilite ou leur faible accessibilite. Elle est plus marquee que la pauvrete monetaire, positivement mais imparfaitement correlee a cette derniere et tend a mieux rendre compte de l’etat de pauvrete des menages tel qu’ils le percoivent. En outre, les conditions de vie sont plus inegalitaires dans des contextes de forte pauvrete – par exemple en milieu rural – alors que la distribution des revenus est plus inegalitaire dans des contextes ou le niveau de pauvrete est faible – par exemple en milieu urbain. Ces resultats appellent des strategies mixtes de lutte, particulierement ciblees selon le cycle de vie des individus, la zone agro ecologique et le groupe socioeconomique.
{"title":"Poverty and Inequality of Living Standards in Cameroon: A Micro-Multidimensional Approach (Pauvreté Et Inégalités Des Conditions De Vie Au Cameroun: Une Approche Micro Multidimensionnelle)","authors":"Borel Anicet Foko Tagne, F. Ndém, Rosine Tchakoté","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.958996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.958996","url":null,"abstract":"Cette etude dresse un profil de pauvrete multidimensionnelle non monetaire au Cameroun et en teste la concordance avec le profil de pauvrete monetaire disponible. Elle est structuree autour d’un indicateur composite qui rend compte de la diversite des conditions de vie des menages au Cameroun. La pertinence economique et empirique de cet indicateur est d’abord discutee, avant sa construction par une analyse factorielle multiple. La pauvrete des conditions de vie se traduit par l’exclusion des menages de la consommation de certaines commodites de base, du fait de leur indisponibilite ou leur faible accessibilite. Elle est plus marquee que la pauvrete monetaire, positivement mais imparfaitement correlee a cette derniere et tend a mieux rendre compte de l’etat de pauvrete des menages tel qu’ils le percoivent. En outre, les conditions de vie sont plus inegalitaires dans des contextes de forte pauvrete – par exemple en milieu rural – alors que la distribution des revenus est plus inegalitaire dans des contextes ou le niveau de pauvrete est faible – par exemple en milieu urbain. Ces resultats appellent des strategies mixtes de lutte, particulierement ciblees selon le cycle de vie des individus, la zone agro ecologique et le groupe socioeconomique.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116130078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policymakers often prescribe that microfinance institutions increase interest rates to eliminate their reliance on subsidies. This strategy makes sense if the poor are rate insensitive: then microlenders increase profitability (or achieve sustainability) without reducing the poor's access to credit. We test the assumption of price inelastic demand using randomized trials conducted by a consumer lender in South Africa. The demand curves are downward sloping, and steeper for price increases relative to the lender's standard rates. We also find that loan size is far more responsive to changes in loan maturity than to changes in interest rates, which is consistent with binding liquidity constraints.
{"title":"Credit Elasticities in Less-Developed Economies: Implications for Microfinance","authors":"Dean S. Karlan, Jonathan Zinman","doi":"10.1257/AER.98.3.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/AER.98.3.1040","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers often prescribe that microfinance institutions increase interest rates to eliminate their reliance on subsidies. This strategy makes sense if the poor are rate insensitive: then microlenders increase profitability (or achieve sustainability) without reducing the poor's access to credit. We test the assumption of price inelastic demand using randomized trials conducted by a consumer lender in South Africa. The demand curves are downward sloping, and steeper for price increases relative to the lender's standard rates. We also find that loan size is far more responsive to changes in loan maturity than to changes in interest rates, which is consistent with binding liquidity constraints.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127469102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present a procedure to apply the social labeling technique as a social marketing tool. Four studies indicate that communicating a social label, following an environmentally friendly behavior that is not motivated by pro-environmental concerns, leads consumers to re-attribute that behavior as representing their own environmental concern. Subsequently, they are likely to act upon their resulting self-perception as an environmentally friendly person. Social labeling is more successful when cognitive resources are distracted, either at the moment of processing the label or at the moment of making decisions related to the content of the label. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Whatever People Say I Am That's What I Am: Social Labeling as a Social Marketing Tool","authors":"G. Cornelissen, S. Dewitte, L. Warlop, V. Yzerbyt","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.955285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.955285","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a procedure to apply the social labeling technique as a social marketing tool. Four studies indicate that communicating a social label, following an environmentally friendly behavior that is not motivated by pro-environmental concerns, leads consumers to re-attribute that behavior as representing their own environmental concern. Subsequently, they are likely to act upon their resulting self-perception as an environmentally friendly person. Social labeling is more successful when cognitive resources are distracted, either at the moment of processing the label or at the moment of making decisions related to the content of the label. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132009419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Notions of democracy, human rights, justice and peace have lost its identity and Nepal is facing ever-increasing violence, unrest and conflict. The Maoist insurgency, the royal family massacre, political instability, and the gradual collapse of the economy have been the major setbacks Nepal has faced in the last decade. Failures to contain a nearly decade old insurgency have destroyed infrastructure and resulted in the loss of thousands of lives. In the present situation of aggression and violence reigning in the country, there was a pressing need to make the civil society aware of the urgency in ensuring peace and working towards it. It provided an opportunity to Ashoka Fellow Rita Thapa to initiate citizen-based activities. The year was 2001, when Nagarik Aawaz was born. Earlier, Rita Thapa had conceptualized and spearheaded TEWA, the first indigenous fund raising organization in Nepal. Nagarik Aawaz or 'voice of the citizen', started as an attempt to garner support amongst concerned citizens to combat the dramatic effect the Maoist insurgency was having on the everyday lives of people of Nepal. Nagarik Aawaz started with 5 members who facilitated informal interactions and brain storming between individuals, in borrowed premises on possible ways of conflict resolution and peace building within the country. Today it is a formal registered NGO, having an executive board of 11 people, with programs designed to sensitize and create awareness in conflict resolution and peace-building efforts through networking and advocacy.
{"title":"Peace-Building - A Powerful Deterrent to Conflict","authors":"R. Shrestha, Sadhana Shrestha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.981502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.981502","url":null,"abstract":"Notions of democracy, human rights, justice and peace have lost its identity and Nepal is facing ever-increasing violence, unrest and conflict. The Maoist insurgency, the royal family massacre, political instability, and the gradual collapse of the economy have been the major setbacks Nepal has faced in the last decade. Failures to contain a nearly decade old insurgency have destroyed infrastructure and resulted in the loss of thousands of lives. In the present situation of aggression and violence reigning in the country, there was a pressing need to make the civil society aware of the urgency in ensuring peace and working towards it. It provided an opportunity to Ashoka Fellow Rita Thapa to initiate citizen-based activities. The year was 2001, when Nagarik Aawaz was born. Earlier, Rita Thapa had conceptualized and spearheaded TEWA, the first indigenous fund raising organization in Nepal. Nagarik Aawaz or 'voice of the citizen', started as an attempt to garner support amongst concerned citizens to combat the dramatic effect the Maoist insurgency was having on the everyday lives of people of Nepal. Nagarik Aawaz started with 5 members who facilitated informal interactions and brain storming between individuals, in borrowed premises on possible ways of conflict resolution and peace building within the country. Today it is a formal registered NGO, having an executive board of 11 people, with programs designed to sensitize and create awareness in conflict resolution and peace-building efforts through networking and advocacy.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124956512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of the paper are to show how the sustainability of urban settlements can be improved by treating as a variable the design of: (a) property rights to realty, corporations and currencies and: (b) their communication and control governance architecture. System science provides the basis for showing that the governance of complexity is improved by increasing the richness and variety of communication and control channels. The new variables introduced also provide a way to integrate the design of the built environment into the design of its governance architecture. The scope of orthodox economic analysis is extended to include the value of assets and liabilities to provide additional feedback signals. This more holistic economic framework increases the richness of the "semiotic" channel of social communication and control that complements those based on senses, words and prices. The analysis reveals self-reinforcing feed forward and feedback channels between the use and maintenance of the built environment and its governance architecture not available in less holistic design frameworks. This identifies the need for urban planners to extend their discipline to become governance architects and how the knowledge of system scientists can be applied to improve the design of capitalism. The analysis indicates how a design paradigm that does not accept the nature of property rights as a given, but a design variable, can enhance the ability towns or suburbs to become self-financing, self-governing political units. It also shows how capitalism can be made more efficient, equitable, responsive and democratic.
{"title":"A Framework for Designing Sustainable Urban Communities","authors":"S. Turnbull","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.960193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.960193","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the paper are to show how the sustainability of urban settlements can be improved by treating as a variable the design of: (a) property rights to realty, corporations and currencies and: (b) their communication and control governance architecture. System science provides the basis for showing that the governance of complexity is improved by increasing the richness and variety of communication and control channels. The new variables introduced also provide a way to integrate the design of the built environment into the design of its governance architecture. The scope of orthodox economic analysis is extended to include the value of assets and liabilities to provide additional feedback signals. This more holistic economic framework increases the richness of the \"semiotic\" channel of social communication and control that complements those based on senses, words and prices. The analysis reveals self-reinforcing feed forward and feedback channels between the use and maintenance of the built environment and its governance architecture not available in less holistic design frameworks. This identifies the need for urban planners to extend their discipline to become governance architects and how the knowledge of system scientists can be applied to improve the design of capitalism. The analysis indicates how a design paradigm that does not accept the nature of property rights as a given, but a design variable, can enhance the ability towns or suburbs to become self-financing, self-governing political units. It also shows how capitalism can be made more efficient, equitable, responsive and democratic.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today's young people will be our community and corporate leaders tomorrow. They'll not only occupy future workplaces, they'll be the very fabric of social order through government, church, and most importantly, the family. It is in the most basic of all social institutions, the family, that the community faces dynamic challenges. Torn by abuse, divorce, violence, addictions and a host of other distorted values and practices, the traditional Judeo-Christian family structure is being challenged. Today's response will dictate the quality of tomorrow's life. The attack on the traditional family has vast implications for the corporate world. Employees embroiled in dysfunctional families are more likely to experience productivity problems, suffer injuries from workplace accidents, have counter-productive absentee records and be the object or perpetrator of workplace violence. Today's corporate world is not simply the victim of the breakdown of social and personal values, it has in some cases contributed its own poison. Corporate and financial scandals, stemming from a distorted sense of morality, responsibility and accountability, have rocked the Boardroom and shattered public confidence. Professional standards, once reflecting the absolutes of the Creator, have surrendered to personal greed and creative relativism. Those who once depended on God for guidance in the office have traded prayer for blind ambition. The results have been devastating, to corporate confidence, personal priorities and family moral foundations. So how best can Today's Seed be guided into a Future Crop that returns our families and communities to the fortress of integrity and values that once ruled this land? Do we let them mature with a come what may attitude? - with an inclination to respond to the loudest voice regardless of the message? Or, do we impact lives at their point of need to reap a harvest of young people instilled with the crucial values society needs? When Family Isn't Enough: Non-profit organizations play an important role in Tomorrow's Crop. They offer services and programs that provide the moral compass to point families and youth in the right direction. When families are incapable of providing the proper love and nurturing, these organizations put young lives back on track. Whether the need is for preventive action or intervention when moral patterns have deteriorated, parachurch and other nonprofit organizations are there. The Role of Philanthropy: The direct impact of non-profits on the lives of those who struggle is immeasurable. But an indirect benefit also crowns their efforts. Every non-profit must be involved in fund raising in order to meet the challenge of ever increasing expenses. This fund development task has great value for the community. When people learn to give, the giving binds the community together. The discipline of giving raises the individual and the community from ego-centric thought Rev.5 patterns to actions imparting the greater good
{"title":"Today's Seed ... Tomorrow's Crop: Community Excellence Through Philanthropy","authors":"Frank K. Simon, G. Markon","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.936156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.936156","url":null,"abstract":"Today's young people will be our community and corporate leaders tomorrow. They'll not only occupy future workplaces, they'll be the very fabric of social order through government, church, and most importantly, the family. It is in the most basic of all social institutions, the family, that the community faces dynamic challenges. Torn by abuse, divorce, violence, addictions and a host of other distorted values and practices, the traditional Judeo-Christian family structure is being challenged. Today's response will dictate the quality of tomorrow's life. The attack on the traditional family has vast implications for the corporate world. Employees embroiled in dysfunctional families are more likely to experience productivity problems, suffer injuries from workplace accidents, have counter-productive absentee records and be the object or perpetrator of workplace violence. Today's corporate world is not simply the victim of the breakdown of social and personal values, it has in some cases contributed its own poison. Corporate and financial scandals, stemming from a distorted sense of morality, responsibility and accountability, have rocked the Boardroom and shattered public confidence. Professional standards, once reflecting the absolutes of the Creator, have surrendered to personal greed and creative relativism. Those who once depended on God for guidance in the office have traded prayer for blind ambition. The results have been devastating, to corporate confidence, personal priorities and family moral foundations. So how best can Today's Seed be guided into a Future Crop that returns our families and communities to the fortress of integrity and values that once ruled this land? Do we let them mature with a come what may attitude? - with an inclination to respond to the loudest voice regardless of the message? Or, do we impact lives at their point of need to reap a harvest of young people instilled with the crucial values society needs? When Family Isn't Enough: Non-profit organizations play an important role in Tomorrow's Crop. They offer services and programs that provide the moral compass to point families and youth in the right direction. When families are incapable of providing the proper love and nurturing, these organizations put young lives back on track. Whether the need is for preventive action or intervention when moral patterns have deteriorated, parachurch and other nonprofit organizations are there. The Role of Philanthropy: The direct impact of non-profits on the lives of those who struggle is immeasurable. But an indirect benefit also crowns their efforts. Every non-profit must be involved in fund raising in order to meet the challenge of ever increasing expenses. This fund development task has great value for the community. When people learn to give, the giving binds the community together. The discipline of giving raises the individual and the community from ego-centric thought Rev.5 patterns to actions imparting the greater good ","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128773143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents experimental evidence about how individuals learn from information that comes from inside versus outside their ethnic group. In the experiment, Thai subjects observed information that came from Americans and other Thais that they could use to help them answer a series of questions. Consistent with previous research, the subjects display overconfidence in their own opinions and place too low a value on all the information that they observe. Subjects achieve optimality, however, in how they weigh observed American information relative to observed Thai information. The data indicates that subjects understand that outside information has extra value because people from different groups know different things and so have an opportunity to learn from each other. The results demonstrate the importance of forming diverse groups to solve problems.
{"title":"Do People Appreciate the Value of Listening to a Variety Of Different Opinions?","authors":"A. Healy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.870517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.870517","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents experimental evidence about how individuals learn from information that comes from inside versus outside their ethnic group. In the experiment, Thai subjects observed information that came from Americans and other Thais that they could use to help them answer a series of questions. Consistent with previous research, the subjects display overconfidence in their own opinions and place too low a value on all the information that they observe. Subjects achieve optimality, however, in how they weigh observed American information relative to observed Thai information. The data indicates that subjects understand that outside information has extra value because people from different groups know different things and so have an opportunity to learn from each other. The results demonstrate the importance of forming diverse groups to solve problems.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133849077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a simple mechanism for quantifying the superadditivity which a network creates by virtue of the way in which it is connected. The mechanism is grounded in a process of information sharing by nodes and is, in a sense, an extension of Bonacich's (1972) centrality measure. The paper develops the mechanism and examines its characteristics.
{"title":"Quantifying Social Capital","authors":"N. Wills-Johnson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1002250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1002250","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a simple mechanism for quantifying the superadditivity which a network creates by virtue of the way in which it is connected. The mechanism is grounded in a process of information sharing by nodes and is, in a sense, an extension of Bonacich's (1972) centrality measure. The paper develops the mechanism and examines its characteristics.","PeriodicalId":199069,"journal":{"name":"SEIN Social Impacts of Business eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127903305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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