Since the beginning of Korean migration to Argentina in the 1960s, Korean immigrants in Argentina have been intensively involved in the garment industry. Due to the substantial upward mobility of the Korean business community, Korean workshop owners, out of necessity, started recruiting workers outside of their co-ethnic networks. Based on ethnographic research in Argentina, this research aims to explore why and how Korean employers have created labor relationships exclusively with Bolivian immigrants in their workshops in the Argentine garment industry. The research demonstrates that Bolivian seamstresses prefer to work for Korean workshop owners as Korean employers are deemed more dependable, pay on time and in full, and provide relatively better working conditions, in comparison to Bolivian employers. For Korean workshop owners who are managing their businesses extremely informally, it is strategic to turn to the group deemed most reliable, most “submissive and diligent,” when they can’t hire co-ethnic workers. The findings further suggest that it is particularly crucial to establish linkages of bounded solidarity and tacit trust that have been generated beyond co-ethnics when employment and business practices are managed in a highly informal environment, such as the case of Bolivian seamstresses in Korean workshops in the Argentine garment industry.
{"title":"Informal and Reliable: Bolivian Immigrants in Korean Sewing Workshops in the Argentine Garment Industry*","authors":"Jihye Kim","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12189","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of Korean migration to Argentina in the 1960s, Korean immigrants in Argentina have been intensively involved in the garment industry. Due to the substantial upward mobility of the Korean business community, Korean workshop owners, out of necessity, started recruiting workers outside of their co-ethnic networks. Based on ethnographic research in Argentina, this research aims to explore why and how Korean employers have created labor relationships exclusively with Bolivian immigrants in their workshops in the Argentine garment industry. The research demonstrates that Bolivian seamstresses prefer to work for Korean workshop owners as Korean employers are deemed more dependable, pay on time and in full, and provide relatively better working conditions, in comparison to Bolivian employers. For Korean workshop owners who are managing their businesses extremely informally, it is strategic to turn to the group deemed most reliable, most “submissive and diligent,” when they can’t hire co-ethnic workers. The findings further suggest that it is particularly crucial to establish linkages of bounded solidarity and tacit trust that have been generated beyond co-ethnics when employment and business practices are managed in a highly informal environment, such as the case of Bolivian seamstresses in Korean workshops in the Argentine garment industry.","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/pafo.12189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42034422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Courting Foreign Direct Investment from Diasporas: Are Diaspora Engagement Policies Effective? Under What Conditions?","authors":"Seungbin Park","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/pafo.12188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47948375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A King Stifling Voices of Dissent? Popular Protests and State Responses in Xi's China","authors":"Hsin-Hsien Wang, Wei-Feng Tzeng, Shinn-Shyr Wang, Wei-Chi Chiu","doi":"10.1111/PAFO.12177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAFO.12177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"36 1","pages":"92-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAFO.12177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implications of the Premodern Chinese–Korean Tributary Relationship for the South Korean Perception of ROK–PRC Ties: A South Korean Perspective*","authors":"Jinwung Kim","doi":"10.1111/PAFO.12181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAFO.12181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"36 1","pages":"116-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAFO.12181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44544315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"India's Indo‐Pacific Strategy: A Pragmatic Balancing between the United States and China","authors":"Hongsong Liu, Ahmed Bux Jamali","doi":"10.1111/PAFO.12178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAFO.12178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"36 1","pages":"5-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAFO.12178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44789915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smaller Ally Matters: Civil‐Military Relations and Military Effectiveness in the Fighter eXperimental (FX) III Project of the ROK–US Alliance","authors":"Haneol Lee","doi":"10.1111/PAFO.12182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAFO.12182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"36 1","pages":"144-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAFO.12182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43859895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Offensive Realism and the Future of China's Rise*","authors":"Stanislav Myšička","doi":"10.1111/PAFO.12179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PAFO.12179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"36 1","pages":"63-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/PAFO.12179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Humanitarian Relief to Democracy Aid: US Foreign Assistance Towards North Korea, 1996–2016*","authors":"Taekyoon Kim, J. Mok, Changbin Woo, Bo Kyung Kim","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19923,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"35 1","pages":"585-612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/pafo.12173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49207720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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