Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.208218
Yugo Susanto, Liza Pristianty, Andi Hermansyah
Background: The mobile health (mHealth) application has been used for treating hypertension. However, its effectiveness in enhancing adherence and clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of mHealth apps on medication adherence and reduced blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Method: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials published in Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect from 2008 to 2022 was conducted. Bibliographies of eligible articles were further reviewed. Result: A total of 289 articles were identified, and 24 articles were qualified for inclusion. The mHealth apps improved either medication adherence or reduced blood pressure in seven studies (29%). Eleven studies (46%) showed that it could both increase medication adherence and lower blood pressure significantly. Six studies (25%) reported no improvement in both outcomes. Conclusion: There is a piece of evidence that mHealth apps can improve medication adherence and accordingly reduce blood pressure.
{"title":"The impact of mHealth application on improving medication adherence and hypertension management: A systematic review of randomised trials","authors":"Yugo Susanto, Liza Pristianty, Andi Hermansyah","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.208218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.208218","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The mobile health (mHealth) application has been used for treating hypertension. However, its effectiveness in enhancing adherence and clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of mHealth apps on medication adherence and reduced blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Method: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials published in Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect from 2008 to 2022 was conducted. Bibliographies of eligible articles were further reviewed. Result: A total of 289 articles were identified, and 24 articles were qualified for inclusion. The mHealth apps improved either medication adherence or reduced blood pressure in seven studies (29%). Eleven studies (46%) showed that it could both increase medication adherence and lower blood pressure significantly. Six studies (25%) reported no improvement in both outcomes. Conclusion: There is a piece of evidence that mHealth apps can improve medication adherence and accordingly reduce blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative, slowly progressive disease common in women with multiple aetiology. Osteoarthritis occurs simultaneously with the reduction in bone mineral density (BMD)while a high bone mass index (BMI) value is one of the risk factors for OA. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women. Method: The study was conducted in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic in 2021. This is a quantitative descriptive study with accidental cross-sectional samplings. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyse the data. Result: Subjects included in the inclusion criteria obtained 74 OA and 49 control groups. The largest subjects in the OA group were aged 56-65 years old (32, 43.24%), obese (51, 68.92%), and post-menopause (49, 66.22%). At the same time, the T score category was normal (14, 18.91%), osteopenia (22, 29.73%), and osteoporosis (38, 51.35%). Statistical analysis found a significant relationship between BMI and BMD (p = 0.002, p = 0.001) in controls and OA groups. Conclusion: Disorders of BMI and BMD are indicators of risk for OA. High BMI and low BMD values occur in women with knee OA. There is a relationship between BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women.
背景:骨关节炎(OA)是一种慢性、退行性、缓慢进展的疾病，常见于多种病因的女性。骨性关节炎与骨密度(BMD)降低同时发生，骨量指数(BMI)过高是骨性关节炎的危险因素之一。目的:本研究的目的是确定BMI和BMD对健康和膝关节OA女性的影响。方法:研究于2021年在某骨科门诊进行。这是一项随机横截面抽样的定量描述性研究。使用曼-惠特尼检验来分析数据。结果:纳入标准的受试者获得OA 74例，对照组49例。OA组患者以56 ~ 65岁(32例，43.24%)、肥胖(51例，68.92%)、绝经后(49例，66.22%)居多。同时，T评分类别为正常(14,18.91%)、骨质减少(22,29.73%)、骨质疏松(38,51.35%)。统计分析发现，对照组和OA组BMI和BMD之间存在显著相关性(p = 0.002, p = 0.001)。结论:BMI和BMD紊乱是骨性关节炎的危险指标。高BMI值和低BMD值出现在患有膝关节OA的女性中。在健康和膝关节炎女性中BMI和BMD之间存在关系。
{"title":"The relationship of body mass index and T score in healthy and knee osteoarthritis women","authors":"Anisyah Achmad, None Suharjono, Joewono Soeroso, Budi Suprapti, None Siswandono, Liza Pristianty, Mahardian Rahmadi, Jusak Nugraha, Yoki Surya, Satria Pandu Persada Isma, Erreza Rahadiansyah, Ilmia Fahmi, Catur Saptaning Wilujeng","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.321324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.321324","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative, slowly progressive disease common in women with multiple aetiology. Osteoarthritis occurs simultaneously with the reduction in bone mineral density (BMD)while a high bone mass index (BMI) value is one of the risk factors for OA. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women. Method: The study was conducted in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic in 2021. This is a quantitative descriptive study with accidental cross-sectional samplings. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyse the data. Result: Subjects included in the inclusion criteria obtained 74 OA and 49 control groups. The largest subjects in the OA group were aged 56-65 years old (32, 43.24%), obese (51, 68.92%), and post-menopause (49, 66.22%). At the same time, the T score category was normal (14, 18.91%), osteopenia (22, 29.73%), and osteoporosis (38, 51.35%). Statistical analysis found a significant relationship between BMI and BMD (p = 0.002, p = 0.001) in controls and OA groups. Conclusion: Disorders of BMI and BMD are indicators of risk for OA. High BMI and low BMD values occur in women with knee OA. There is a relationship between BMI and BMD in healthy and knee OA women.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: HIV testing for pregnant women is an important test during pregnancy. HIV testing for pregnant women is a way to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the characteristics and communication skills of health professionals while conducting provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) for pregnant women. Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at 23 public health centres with 80 health professionals who conduct PITC. The data was analysed using the Chi-Square test. Results: There was a correlation between the characteristics and communication skills of respondents. Relationships were observed between respondents trained on PITC and communication with patients during PITC sessions (p=0.002); work experience and non-verbal communication skills (p=0.047), and type of profession of respondents and non-verbal communication skills (p=0.029). Conclusions: Communication skills had a relationship with experienced training on PITC, work experience, and type of profession. Increasing the communication skill of health professionals through work experience and training or education to improve the ability of health professionals in PITC services.
{"title":"Characteristics and communication skills of health professionals in implementing provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) for Indonesian pregnant women","authors":"Faiqatul Hikmah, Hari Basuki Notobroto, Shrimarti Rukmini Devy, Erwin Astha Triyono","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.2226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.2226","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV testing for pregnant women is an important test during pregnancy. HIV testing for pregnant women is a way to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the characteristics and communication skills of health professionals while conducting provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) for pregnant women. Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at 23 public health centres with 80 health professionals who conduct PITC. The data was analysed using the Chi-Square test. Results: There was a correlation between the characteristics and communication skills of respondents. Relationships were observed between respondents trained on PITC and communication with patients during PITC sessions (p=0.002); work experience and non-verbal communication skills (p=0.047), and type of profession of respondents and non-verbal communication skills (p=0.029). Conclusions: Communication skills had a relationship with experienced training on PITC, work experience, and type of profession. Increasing the communication skill of health professionals through work experience and training or education to improve the ability of health professionals in PITC services.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Saussure lappa is a plant of the Asteraceae family that has been known as a medicinal plant to treat cancer. However, there is still a lack of data about the metabolite profiling of this extract and target activity in the cancer signaling pathway. Objective: This study aimed to identify metabolites and evaluate the anticancer activity of Saussure lappa active ingredients. Method: The root sample was extracted using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) with 96% ethanol solvent. Evaluation of the anticancer activity of the compounds was carried out using the PASS SERVER tools. Result: About 17 metabolites have been characterised. Interestingly, Saussureamine B, C, D, costunolide, and dehydrocostus lactone showed highly antineoplastic potential properties with several possible activities such as apoptosis agonists, MMP9 expression inhibitors, and Transcription factor NF-kappa B inhibitors. Conclusion: The root extract of Saussure lappa is highly recommended to be developed as an anticancer drug candidate.
{"title":"Metabolite profiling of anticancer compounds in Saussure lappa based on UPLC-QToFMS/MS","authors":"Roihatul Mutiah, Ermin Rachmawati, Avin Ainur Fitrianingsih, Syayida Roisatus Zahiro","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.3742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.3742","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Saussure lappa is a plant of the Asteraceae family that has been known as a medicinal plant to treat cancer. However, there is still a lack of data about the metabolite profiling of this extract and target activity in the cancer signaling pathway. Objective: This study aimed to identify metabolites and evaluate the anticancer activity of Saussure lappa active ingredients. Method: The root sample was extracted using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) with 96% ethanol solvent. Evaluation of the anticancer activity of the compounds was carried out using the PASS SERVER tools. Result: About 17 metabolites have been characterised. Interestingly, Saussureamine B, C, D, costunolide, and dehydrocostus lactone showed highly antineoplastic potential properties with several possible activities such as apoptosis agonists, MMP9 expression inhibitors, and Transcription factor NF-kappa B inhibitors. Conclusion: The root extract of Saussure lappa is highly recommended to be developed as an anticancer drug candidate.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.203207
Emanuel Gerald Alan Rahmat, None Yunita Nita, None Yuni Priyandani
Background: Vaccine quality is strongly influenced by the cold chain application in vaccine storage and distribution at the Primary Healthcare Center. Objective: This study aimed to describe the cold chain management in storing and distributing vaccines at the Primary Healthcare Centre in the Kupang City area. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study. The data collection instrument used a checklist sheet containing 27 vaccine storage parameters and 8 (eight) vaccine distribution parameters. The research look at the vaccine storage and distribution. The sample uses the entire population, namely 11 Primary Healthcare Centre in the City of Kupang. Result: It was found that 19 vaccine storage criteria had been implemented in all Primary Healthcare Centre. Eight storage criteria had not been implemented in all Primary Healthcare Centre. Furthermore, in the distribution practice category of eight criteria, five of them had been implemented by all Primary Healthcare Center, while three criteria had not been met. Practice that need to be improved were in thermometer calibration, availability of storage and distribution SOPs, validation of delivery equipment, availability of storage room air circulation equipment. Conclusion: To conclude, the implementation of cold chain in vaccine storage and distribution practices in 11 sub-district healthcare centers was not optimal, therefore it needs to be improved.
{"title":"The profile of cold chain management of vaccines in primary healthcare centre in Kupang, Indonesia","authors":"Emanuel Gerald Alan Rahmat, None Yunita Nita, None Yuni Priyandani","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.203207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.203207","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaccine quality is strongly influenced by the cold chain application in vaccine storage and distribution at the Primary Healthcare Center. Objective: This study aimed to describe the cold chain management in storing and distributing vaccines at the Primary Healthcare Centre in the Kupang City area. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study. The data collection instrument used a checklist sheet containing 27 vaccine storage parameters and 8 (eight) vaccine distribution parameters. The research look at the vaccine storage and distribution. The sample uses the entire population, namely 11 Primary Healthcare Centre in the City of Kupang. Result: It was found that 19 vaccine storage criteria had been implemented in all Primary Healthcare Centre. Eight storage criteria had not been implemented in all Primary Healthcare Centre. Furthermore, in the distribution practice category of eight criteria, five of them had been implemented by all Primary Healthcare Center, while three criteria had not been met. Practice that need to be improved were in thermometer calibration, availability of storage and distribution SOPs, validation of delivery equipment, availability of storage room air circulation equipment. Conclusion: To conclude, the implementation of cold chain in vaccine storage and distribution practices in 11 sub-district healthcare centers was not optimal, therefore it needs to be improved.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) patients has reached almost 30%. Despite the rapid development, treatments for patients with T2D have not succeeded in controlling the neurodegenerative processes that occur in these patients' brains, leading to AD pathology. Several studies have demonstrated that marine sources can inhibit several AD pathogenesis pathways in T2D patients. This review aimed to determine the effect of marine species-sourced compounds at the molecular level in inhibiting and preventing the pathogenesis of AD in T2D patients. Method: Combinations of several terms were used to search for peer-reviewed literature published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Result: Marine organisms-sourced compounds inhibited various target signalling pathways between T2D and AD, such as an inhibitor of β-site-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) also known as β-secretase, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B), insulin degradation enzyme (IDE), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer (NF-κb), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Conclusion: Marine sources can be considered as a potential therapy to prevent or slow AD progression in T2D patients.
{"title":"Alzheimer's disease from a diabetic brain: Exploring the molecular process to determine the potential therapy target from marine sources","authors":"Arina Windri Rivarti, Legis Ocktaviana Saputri, Herpan Syafii Harahap, Lina Permatasari","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.189195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.189195","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) patients has reached almost 30%. Despite the rapid development, treatments for patients with T2D have not succeeded in controlling the neurodegenerative processes that occur in these patients' brains, leading to AD pathology. Several studies have demonstrated that marine sources can inhibit several AD pathogenesis pathways in T2D patients. This review aimed to determine the effect of marine species-sourced compounds at the molecular level in inhibiting and preventing the pathogenesis of AD in T2D patients. Method: Combinations of several terms were used to search for peer-reviewed literature published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Result: Marine organisms-sourced compounds inhibited various target signalling pathways between T2D and AD, such as an inhibitor of β-site-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) also known as β-secretase, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B), insulin degradation enzyme (IDE), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer (NF-κb), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Conclusion: Marine sources can be considered as a potential therapy to prevent or slow AD progression in T2D patients.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.159163
Djoko Agus Purwanto, Betria Dwi Agustin, Juni Ekowati
Background: Green tea contains Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the highest antioxidant activity. EGCG is an unstable compound due to degradation. Vitamin C is thought to be able to regenerate EGCG radicals into normal forms and increase green tea's antioxidant activity. Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding vitamin C in maintaining the stability of the antioxidant activity of green tea. Method: This research was carried out by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the rate of decreasing antioxidant activity at 0 hours, six hours, and 24 hours by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Result: IC50 values of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C were obtained at 147.53 ppm and 97.75 ppm, respectively. The degradation rate of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C was 0.4228 %/hour and 0.3231 %/hour, respectively. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of green tea with vitamin C is greater than without vitamin C addition. The degradation rate of green tea with vitamin C is smaller than green tea only, so the authors suggest the addition of vitamin C to green tea extract powder products to increase the stability of its antioxidant activity.
{"title":"A study of the stability of antioxidant activity of green tea extract powder with vitamin C","authors":"Djoko Agus Purwanto, Betria Dwi Agustin, Juni Ekowati","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.159163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.159163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Green tea contains Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the highest antioxidant activity. EGCG is an unstable compound due to degradation. Vitamin C is thought to be able to regenerate EGCG radicals into normal forms and increase green tea's antioxidant activity. Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding vitamin C in maintaining the stability of the antioxidant activity of green tea. Method: This research was carried out by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the rate of decreasing antioxidant activity at 0 hours, six hours, and 24 hours by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Result: IC50 values of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C were obtained at 147.53 ppm and 97.75 ppm, respectively. The degradation rate of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C was 0.4228 %/hour and 0.3231 %/hour, respectively. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of green tea with vitamin C is greater than without vitamin C addition. The degradation rate of green tea with vitamin C is smaller than green tea only, so the authors suggest the addition of vitamin C to green tea extract powder products to increase the stability of its antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.4852
Gusti Noorrizka Veronika Achmad, Lea Nanda Yufria, Abdul Rahem, Liza Pristianty
Background: Diabetes needs to be well controlled so as not to cause acute and chronic complications. Therefore, it is necessary to comply with regimen therapy and control diet and physical exercise. Objective: This study aimed to assess the contribution of medication adherence and nonpharmacological therapy adherence, as well as other factors affecting blood sugar control. Method: This study involved 76 type 2 diabetic patients from a Community Health Center in East Surabaya. Medication adherence was measured with an ARMS questionnaire and pill count, while nonpharmacological therapy was measured with a self-developed questionnaire. Result: The majority of respondents have uncontrolled blood sugar levels, were not compliant with treatment both as measured by ARMS and by the pill count method, and are not compliant with nonpharmacological therapy with the following frequencies: 85.5% (n=65), 92.1% (n=70), 57.9% (n=44), 98.7% (n=75). The results of multiple correlation tests showed that age, duration of treatment, adherence to treatment with the ARMS method and the pill count method, and adherence to nonpharmacological therapy simultaneously affected blood sugar control by 72.7%. Conclusion: Factors that simultaneously determine poor blood sugar control are age, duration of diabetes therapy, non-adherence to treatment, and non-adherence to nonpharmacological therapy.
{"title":"Factors that contribute to blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Gusti Noorrizka Veronika Achmad, Lea Nanda Yufria, Abdul Rahem, Liza Pristianty","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.4852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.4852","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes needs to be well controlled so as not to cause acute and chronic complications. Therefore, it is necessary to comply with regimen therapy and control diet and physical exercise. Objective: This study aimed to assess the contribution of medication adherence and nonpharmacological therapy adherence, as well as other factors affecting blood sugar control. Method: This study involved 76 type 2 diabetic patients from a Community Health Center in East Surabaya. Medication adherence was measured with an ARMS questionnaire and pill count, while nonpharmacological therapy was measured with a self-developed questionnaire. Result: The majority of respondents have uncontrolled blood sugar levels, were not compliant with treatment both as measured by ARMS and by the pill count method, and are not compliant with nonpharmacological therapy with the following frequencies: 85.5% (n=65), 92.1% (n=70), 57.9% (n=44), 98.7% (n=75). The results of multiple correlation tests showed that age, duration of treatment, adherence to treatment with the ARMS method and the pill count method, and adherence to nonpharmacological therapy simultaneously affected blood sugar control by 72.7%. Conclusion: Factors that simultaneously determine poor blood sugar control are age, duration of diabetes therapy, non-adherence to treatment, and non-adherence to nonpharmacological therapy.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.132136
Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty, Juni Ekowati, Steven Guitomo, Imamatin Nufus Melania, Muhammad Ilham Royyan Nafi
Background: Structure modification of organic compounds is needed to increase their bioactivity. Vanillin has been reported to has various therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-invasive and metastatic suppression potential, anti-inflammatory and also antinociceptive activity. To increase the activity of organic compounds, we have to enhance the lipophilic properties by modifications of the structure. Objective: The phenolic OH of vanillin can be modified by adding aromatic ring, carbonyl, and halogen to improve its bioactivity. The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate is a vanillin derivative that has been modified to its phenolic –OH. Method: In this study, the synthesis of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was carried out by microwave irradiation with various power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt. The characterizations of the synthesized compound were carried out using FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectrophotometry. The molecular docking study used Autodock software with at the COX-2 receptor (PDB ID: 6COX) as target receptor. Result: We used the microwave’s power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt to synthesis the target compound and produced 89.09%, 72.78% and 34.49% yield, consecutively. Molecular docking study at the COX-2 receptors was performed to predict the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate. The docking results showed that the binding energy of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was lower on chain A of the receptor (-8.18 kcal/mol) than the starting material, vanillin (-4.96 kcal/mol). It predicted 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate has better activity than vanillin. Conclusion: The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was successfully synthesized and this finding proves that this compound essentials to be developed furthermore as an anti-inflammatory agent.
{"title":"Computational docking toward cox-2 and synthesis of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate using microwave irradiation","authors":"Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty, Juni Ekowati, Steven Guitomo, Imamatin Nufus Melania, Muhammad Ilham Royyan Nafi","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.132136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.132136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Structure modification of organic compounds is needed to increase their bioactivity. Vanillin has been reported to has various therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-invasive and metastatic suppression potential, anti-inflammatory and also antinociceptive activity. To increase the activity of organic compounds, we have to enhance the lipophilic properties by modifications of the structure. Objective: The phenolic OH of vanillin can be modified by adding aromatic ring, carbonyl, and halogen to improve its bioactivity. The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate is a vanillin derivative that has been modified to its phenolic –OH. Method: In this study, the synthesis of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was carried out by microwave irradiation with various power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt. The characterizations of the synthesized compound were carried out using FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectrophotometry. The molecular docking study used Autodock software with at the COX-2 receptor (PDB ID: 6COX) as target receptor. Result: We used the microwave’s power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt to synthesis the target compound and produced 89.09%, 72.78% and 34.49% yield, consecutively. Molecular docking study at the COX-2 receptors was performed to predict the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate. The docking results showed that the binding energy of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was lower on chain A of the receptor (-8.18 kcal/mol) than the starting material, vanillin (-4.96 kcal/mol). It predicted 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate has better activity than vanillin. Conclusion: The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was successfully synthesized and this finding proves that this compound essentials to be developed furthermore as an anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.46542/pe.2023.234.224227
Samirah Samirah, Toetik Aryani, Arina Dery Puspitasari, Marisa Anggia Ibrahim, Bunga Izzatul Lutfiyah, Alfian Nur Rasyid
Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worsening condition of acute respiratory symptoms caused by microbial infection, increased air pollution, and fatigue. Objective: This study determines the pattern of bronchodilators in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD. Method: This study was observational, using the health medical records of patients with COPD at the Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. It was conducted between January-December 2019 on male patients who received bronchodilator therapy until discharge and were from age 40 and older. Result: A total of 48 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly used bronchodilator therapy for inpatients was the combination of ipratropium bromide/salbutamol sulfate 0.5 mg/2.5 mg through inhalation in 63.64%. The most frequently used bronchodilator for discharge was salbutamol sulfate 2-4 mg orally in 87.50%. Conclusion: Therapy for acute exacerbation of COPD using a combination of ipratropium bromide/salbutamol sulfate as a preventive therapy is in line with the GOLD guidelines.
{"title":"Therapy pattern of bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with acute exacerbations","authors":"Samirah Samirah, Toetik Aryani, Arina Dery Puspitasari, Marisa Anggia Ibrahim, Bunga Izzatul Lutfiyah, Alfian Nur Rasyid","doi":"10.46542/pe.2023.234.224227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.224227","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worsening condition of acute respiratory symptoms caused by microbial infection, increased air pollution, and fatigue. Objective: This study determines the pattern of bronchodilators in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD. Method: This study was observational, using the health medical records of patients with COPD at the Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. It was conducted between January-December 2019 on male patients who received bronchodilator therapy until discharge and were from age 40 and older. Result: A total of 48 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly used bronchodilator therapy for inpatients was the combination of ipratropium bromide/salbutamol sulfate 0.5 mg/2.5 mg through inhalation in 63.64%. The most frequently used bronchodilator for discharge was salbutamol sulfate 2-4 mg orally in 87.50%. Conclusion: Therapy for acute exacerbation of COPD using a combination of ipratropium bromide/salbutamol sulfate as a preventive therapy is in line with the GOLD guidelines.","PeriodicalId":19944,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy Education","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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