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2021 IEEE 14th Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis)最新文献

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Mixed-Initiative Approach to Extract Data from Pictures of Medical Invoice 从医疗发票图片中提取数据的混合主动方法
Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00022
Seokweon Jung, Kiroong Choe, Seokhyeon Park, Hyung-Kwon Ko, Youngtaek Kim, Jinwook Seo
Extracting data from pictures of medical records is a common task in the insurance industry as the patients often send their medical invoices taken by smartphone cameras. However, the overall process is still challenging to be fully automated because of low image quality and variation of templates that exist in the status quo. In this paper, we propose a mixed-initiative pipeline for extracting data from pictures of medical invoices, where deep-learning-based automatic prediction models and task-specific heuristics work together under the mediation of a user. In the user study with 12 participants, we confirmed our mixed-initiative approach can supplement the drawbacks of a fully automated approach within an acceptable completion time. We further discuss the findings, limitations, and future works for designing a mixed-initiative system to extract data from pictures of a complicated table.
从医疗记录图片中提取数据是保险行业的一项常见任务,因为患者经常发送用智能手机摄像头拍摄的医疗发票。然而,由于目前存在的图像质量低、模板多变等问题,整个过程要实现完全自动化仍然是一个挑战。在本文中,我们提出了一个用于从医疗发票图片中提取数据的混合主动管道,其中基于深度学习的自动预测模型和任务特定启发式在用户的中介下协同工作。在有12个参与者的用户研究中,我们证实了我们的混合主动方法可以在可接受的完成时间内补充完全自动化方法的缺点。我们进一步讨论了从复杂表格的图片中提取数据的混合主动系统的发现、局限性和未来的工作。
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引用次数: 1
Louvain-based Multi-level Graph Drawing 基于louvain的多级图形绘制
Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00028
Seok-Hee Hong, P. Eades, Marnijati Torkel, James Wood, Kunsoo Park
The multi-level graph drawing is a popular approach to visualize large and complex graphs. It recursively coarsens a graph and then uncoarsens the drawing using layout refinement. In this paper, we leverage the Louvain community detection algorithm for the multi-level graph drawing paradigm.More specifically, we present the Louvain-based multi-level graph drawing algorithm, and compare with other community detection algorithms such as Label Propagation and Infomap clustering. Experiments show that Louvain-based multi-level algorithm performs best in terms of efficiency (i.e., fastest runtime), while Label Propagation and Infomap-based multi-level algorithms perform better in terms of effectiveness (i.e., better visualization in quality metrics).
多层次图形绘制是一种流行的可视化大型复杂图形的方法。它递归地对图形进行粗化,然后使用布局细化对绘图进行非粗化。在本文中,我们将Louvain社区检测算法用于多级图绘制范式。更具体地说,我们提出了基于louvain的多级图绘制算法,并与其他社区检测算法(如Label Propagation和Infomap clustering)进行了比较。实验表明,基于louvain的多级算法在效率方面表现最好(即最快的运行时间),而基于Label Propagation和infomap的多级算法在有效性方面表现更好(即在质量指标上具有更好的可视化)。
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引用次数: 0
Sublinear-Time Attraction Force Computation for Large Complex Graph Drawing 大型复杂图形绘制的亚线性时间引力计算
Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00027
A. Meidiana, Seok-Hee Hong, Shijun Cai, Marnijati Torkel, P. Eades
Recent works in graph visualization attempt to reduce the runtime of repulsion force computation of force-directed algorithms using sampling, however they fail to reduce the runtime for attraction force computation to sublinear in the number of edges.We present new sublinear-time algorithms for the attraction force computation of force-directed algorithms and integrate them with sublinear-time repulsion force computation.Extensive experiments show that our algorithms, operated as part of a fully sublinear-time force computation framework, compute graph layouts on average 80% faster than existing linear-time force computation algorithm, with surprisingly significantly better quality metrics on edge crossing and shape-based metrics.
最近在图形可视化方面的工作试图使用采样来减少力导向算法的排斥力计算的运行时间,但是他们未能将引力计算的运行时间减少到边缘数量的次线性。我们提出了力导向算法中新的亚线性时间引力计算算法,并将其与亚线性时间排斥力计算相结合。大量实验表明,作为完全亚线性时间力计算框架的一部分,我们的算法计算图形布局的速度比现有的线性时间力计算算法平均快80%,并且在边缘交叉和基于形状的度量上具有惊人的显著提高的质量指标。
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引用次数: 1
Papers101: Supporting the Discovery Process in the Literature Review Workflow for Novice Researchers 论文101:支持新手研究人员在文献综述工作流程中的发现过程
Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00037
Kiroong Choe, Seokweon Jung, Seokhyeon Park, Hwajung Hong, Jinwook Seo
A literature review is a critical task in performing research. However, even browsing an academic database and choosing must-read items can be daunting for novice researchers. In this paper, we introduce Papers101, an interactive system that supports novice researchers’ discovery of papers relevant to their research topics. Prior to system design, we performed a formative study to investigate what difficul-ties novice researchers often face and how experienced researchers address them. We found that novice researchers have difficulty in identifying appropriate search terms, choosing which papers to read first, and ensuring whether they have examined enough candidates. In this work, we identified key requirements for the system dedicated to novices: prioritizing search results, unifying the contexts of multiple search results, and refining and validating the search queries. Accordingly, Papers101 provides an opinionated perspective on selecting important metadata among papers. It also visualizes how the priority among papers is developed along with the users’ knowledge discovery process. Finally, we demonstrate the potential usefulness of our system with the case study on the metadata collection of papers in visualization and HCI community.
文献综述是进行研究的一项关键任务。然而,即使是浏览学术数据库和选择必读的文章,也会让研究新手望而生畏。在本文中,我们介绍Papers101,这是一个交互式系统,支持新手研究人员发现与他们的研究课题相关的论文。在系统设计之前,我们进行了一项形成性研究,以调查新手研究人员经常面临的困难以及经验丰富的研究人员如何解决这些困难。我们发现,研究新手在确定合适的搜索词、选择首先阅读哪些论文以及确保他们是否审查了足够多的候选论文方面存在困难。在这项工作中,我们确定了专门针对新手的系统的关键需求:搜索结果的优先级,统一多个搜索结果的上下文,以及精炼和验证搜索查询。因此,Papers101提供了一个在论文中选择重要元数据的观点。它还可视化了论文之间的优先级是如何随着用户的知识发现过程而发展的。最后,我们以可视化和人机交互社区的论文元数据收集为例,展示了我们的系统的潜在用途。
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引用次数: 10
A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Human Preference for Graph Layouts* 一种预测人类对图形布局偏好的机器学习方法*
Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00009
Shijun Cai, Seok-Hee Hong, Jialiang Shen, Tongliang Liu
Understanding what graph layout human prefer and why they prefer such graph layout is significant and challenging due to the highly complex visual perception and cognition system in human brain. In this paper, we present the first machine learning approach for predicting human preference for graph layouts.In general, the data sets with human preference labels are limited and insufficient for training deep networks. To address this, we train our deep learning model by employing the transfer learning method, e.g., exploiting the quality metrics, such as shape-based metrics, edge crossing and stress, which are shown to be correlated to human preference on graph layouts. Experimental results using the ground truth human preference data sets show that our model can successfully predict human preference for graph layouts. To our best knowledge, this is the first approach for predicting qualitative evaluation of graph layouts using human preference experiment data.
由于人类大脑中高度复杂的视觉感知和认知系统,理解人类喜欢什么样的图形布局以及为什么喜欢这样的图形布局是非常重要和具有挑战性的。在本文中,我们提出了第一种用于预测人类对图形布局偏好的机器学习方法。一般来说,具有人类偏好标签的数据集是有限的,不足以用于训练深度网络。为了解决这个问题,我们采用迁移学习方法来训练我们的深度学习模型,例如,利用质量指标,如基于形状的指标,边缘交叉和应力,这些指标被证明与人类对图形布局的偏好相关。使用真实人类偏好数据集的实验结果表明,我们的模型可以成功地预测人类对图形布局的偏好。据我们所知,这是第一个使用人类偏好实验数据预测图形布局定性评价的方法。
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引用次数: 2
Context-Responsive Labeling in Augmented Reality 增强现实中的上下文响应标签
Pub Date : 2021-02-15 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00020
Thomas Köppel, E. Gröller, Hsiang-Yun Wu
Route planning and navigation are common tasks that often require additional information on points of interest. Augmented Reality (AR) enables mobile users to utilize text labels, in order to provide a composite view associated with additional information in a real-world environment. Nonetheless, displaying all labels for points of interest on a mobile device will lead to unwanted overlaps between information, and thus a context-responsive strategy to properly arrange labels is expected. The technique should remove overlaps, show the right level-of-detail, and maintain label coherence. This is necessary as the viewing angle in an AR system may change rapidly due to users’ behaviors. Coherence plays an essential role in retaining user experience and knowledge, as well as avoiding motion sickness. In this paper, we develop an approach that systematically manages label visibility and levels-of-detail, as well as eliminates unexpected incoherent movement. We introduce three label management strategies, including (1) occlusion management, (2) level-of-detail management, and (3) coherence management by balancing the usage of the mobile phone screen. A greedy approach is developed for fast occlusion handling in AR. A level-of-detail scheme is adopted to arrange various types of labels. A 3D scene manipulation is then built to simultaneously suppress the incoherent behaviors induced by viewing angle changes. Finally, we present the feasibility and applicability of our approach through one synthetic and two real-world scenarios, followed by a qualitative user study.
路线规划和导航是常见的任务,通常需要关于兴趣点的额外信息。增强现实(AR)使移动用户能够利用文本标签,以便在真实环境中提供与附加信息相关联的复合视图。尽管如此,在移动设备上显示所有感兴趣点的标签将导致信息之间不必要的重叠,因此需要一种上下文响应策略来适当地排列标签。该技术应该消除重叠,显示正确的细节水平,并保持标签的一致性。这是必要的,因为AR系统中的视角可能会因用户的行为而迅速变化。连贯性在保留用户体验和知识以及避免晕动病方面起着至关重要的作用。在本文中,我们开发了一种系统地管理标签可见性和细节级别的方法,以及消除意外的不连贯运动。我们介绍了三种标签管理策略,包括(1)遮挡管理,(2)细节级管理,(3)通过平衡手机屏幕的使用来实现一致性管理。提出了一种贪婪的方法来快速处理AR中的遮挡,采用细节级方案来排列各种类型的标签。然后建立三维场景操作,同时抑制视角变化引起的非相干行为。最后,我们通过一个综合和两个现实世界的场景,然后是定性的用户研究,提出了我们的方法的可行性和适用性。
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引用次数: 4
Mapper Interactive: A Scalable, Extendable, and Interactive Toolbox for the Visual Exploration of High-Dimensional Data Mapper Interactive:用于高维数据可视化探索的可伸缩、可扩展和交互式工具箱
Pub Date : 2020-11-06 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00021
Youjia Zhou, N. Chalapathi, Archit Rathore, Yaodong Zhao, Bei Wang
The mapper algorithm is a popular tool from topological data analysis for extracting topological summaries of high-dimensional datasets. In this paper, we present Mapper Interactive, a web-based framework for the interactive analysis and visualization of high-dimensional point cloud data. It implements the mapper algorithm in an interactive, scalable, and easily extendable way, thus supporting practical data analysis. In particular, its command-line API can compute mapper graphs for 1 million points of 256 dimensions in about 3 minutes (4 times faster than the vanilla implementation). Its visual interface allows on-the-fly computation and manipulation of the mapper graph based on user-specified parameters and supports the addition of new analysis modules with a few lines of code. Mapper Interactive makes the mapper algorithm accessible to nonspecialists and accelerates topological analytics workflows.
mapper算法是拓扑数据分析领域的一种常用工具,用于提取高维数据集的拓扑摘要。在本文中,我们提出了Mapper Interactive,一个基于web的框架,用于高维点云数据的交互式分析和可视化。它以交互式、可扩展和易于扩展的方式实现了映射器算法,从而支持实际的数据分析。特别是,它的命令行API可以在大约3分钟内计算一百万个256维点的映射图(比普通实现快4倍)。它的可视化界面允许基于用户指定的参数对映射器图形进行实时计算和操作,并支持通过几行代码添加新的分析模块。Mapper Interactive使非专业人员也可以访问Mapper算法,并加速拓扑分析工作流程。
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引用次数: 17
FiberStars: Visual Comparison of Diffusion Tractography Data between Multiple Subjects FiberStars:多受试者间弥散造影数据的视觉比较
Pub Date : 2020-05-16 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00023
Loraine Franke, D. Weidele, Fan Zhang, Suheyla Cetin Karayumak, Steve Pieper, L. O’Donnell, Y. Rathi, D. Haehn
Tractography from high-dimensional diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data allows brain’s structural connectivity analysis. Recent dMRI studies aim to compare connectivity patterns across subject groups and disease populations to understand subtle abnormalities in the brain’s white matter connectivity and distributions of biologically sensitive dMRI derived metrics. Existing software products focus solely on the anatomy, are not intuitive or restrict the comparison of multiple subjects. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of FiberStars, a visual analysis tool for tractography data that allows the interactive visualization of brain fiber clusters combining existing 3D anatomy with compact 2D visualizations. With FiberStars, researchers can analyze and compare multiple subjects in large collections of brain fibers using different views. To evaluate the usability of our software, we performed a quantitative user study. We asked domain experts and non-experts to find patterns in a tractography dataset with either FiberStars or an existing dMRI exploration tool. Our results show that participants using FiberStars can navigate extensive collections of tractography faster and more accurately. All our research, software, and results are available openly.
从高维扩散磁共振成像(dMRI)数据中获得的神经束图可以分析大脑的结构连通性。最近的dMRI研究旨在比较不同受试者组和疾病人群的连接模式,以了解大脑白质连接的细微异常和dMRI衍生的生物敏感指标的分布。现有的软件产品只关注解剖,不直观或限制多科目的比较。在本文中,我们介绍了FiberStars的设计和实现,这是一种用于神经束造影数据的可视化分析工具,可以将现有的3D解剖与紧凑的2D可视化相结合,实现脑纤维簇的交互式可视化。有了FiberStars,研究人员可以用不同的视角分析和比较大量大脑纤维中的多个受试者。为了评估我们软件的可用性,我们进行了一个定量的用户研究。我们要求领域专家和非专家使用FiberStars或现有的dMRI勘探工具在轨迹图数据集中找到模式。我们的研究结果表明,使用FiberStars的参与者可以更快、更准确地导航广泛的束状图集合。我们所有的研究、软件和结果都是公开的。
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引用次数: 3
Stable Visual Summaries for Trajectory Collections 稳定的视觉总结轨迹集合
Pub Date : 2019-12-02 DOI: 10.1109/PacificVis52677.2021.00016
J. Wulms, J. Buchmüller, Wouter Meulemans, Kevin Verbeek, B. Speckmann
The availability of devices that track moving objects has led to an explosive growth in trajectory data. When exploring the resulting large trajectory collections, visual summaries are a useful tool to identify time intervals of interest. A typical approach is to represent the spatial positions of the tracked objects at each time step via a one-dimensional ordering; visualizations of such orderings can then be placed in temporal order along a time line. There are two main criteria to assess the quality of the resulting visual summary: spatial quality – how well does the ordering capture the structure of the data at each time step, and stability – how coherent are the orderings over consecutive time steps or temporal ranges?In this paper we introduce a new Stable Principal Component (SPC) method to compute such orderings, which is explicitly parameterized for stability, allowing a trade-off between the spatial quality and stability. We conduct extensive computational experiments that quantitatively compare the orderings produced by ours and other stable dimensionality-reduction methods to various state-of-the-art approaches using a set of well-established quality metrics that capture spatial quality and stability. We conclude that stable dimensionality reduction outperforms existing methods on stability, without sacrificing spatial quality or efficiency; in particular, our new SPC method does so at a fraction of the computational costs.
跟踪移动物体的设备的可用性导致了轨迹数据的爆炸式增长。当探索产生的大型轨迹集合时,可视化摘要是识别感兴趣的时间间隔的有用工具。一种典型的方法是通过一维排序来表示跟踪对象在每个时间步长的空间位置;这种排序的可视化可以沿着时间线放置在时间顺序中。评估结果可视化摘要的质量有两个主要标准:空间质量——排序在每个时间步捕获数据结构的程度;稳定性——在连续时间步或时间范围内排序的一致性如何?在本文中,我们引入了一种新的稳定主成分(SPC)方法来计算这种排序,该方法被明确地参数化以保证稳定性,从而在空间质量和稳定性之间进行权衡。我们进行了大量的计算实验,定量地比较了我们和其他稳定降维方法产生的排序与各种最先进的方法,使用一套完善的质量指标来捕获空间质量和稳定性。在不牺牲空间质量和效率的前提下,稳定降维方法在稳定性方面优于现有方法;特别是,我们的新的SPC方法在计算成本的一小部分这样做。
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引用次数: 5
[Copyright notice] (版权)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/ismsit.2018.8567068
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 IEEE 14th Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis)
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