Tomato production and quality are of great economic importance, but farmers face significant losses due to root rot infection, which affects tomato yield. Globally, a wide range of chemical pesticides are used to control plant diseases that have an impact on the environmental and nutritional content of the crop. In this scenario, plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) are safe and effective substitutes for the control of root infections. In this study, we have investigated the effect of different plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) on the suppression of root rot disease in tomato plants. In field plot experiments, conducted in the season I and repeated in season II, the application of PGPMs improved the systemic resistance of plants against root rot pathogens via improving the functioning of antioxidant molecules. They considerably reduced the infection caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum compared to untreated control plants . Isolates of PGPMs significantly ( p<0.05 ) enhanced the amount of total phenol, and salicylic acid with an improvement in crop yield and quality of fruit (dry matter, soluble solids, fruit acidity, and lycopene content). In season I, Penicillium (Pen1-R) whereas in season II, Trichoderma (ET-6) treated plants produced the highest quality of tomato fruit with better plant growth and suppression of root rot disease. In both seasons, Penicillium and Trichoderma were found to be effective as compared to untreated control plants and plants treated with carbendazim, a commercial fungicide. This research will help to make an impact on the production of tomatoes in a sustainable way.
{"title":"Efficacy of plant growth promoting microbes in inducing systemic resistance to root rot and physiochemical properties of tomato fruit","authors":"Rawish Zehra, Shumaila Moin, Hafiza Asma Shafique, Sara Zaidi, Syed Ehteshamul-Haque","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-3(8)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-3(8)","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato production and quality are of great economic importance, but farmers face significant losses due to root rot infection, which affects tomato yield. Globally, a wide range of chemical pesticides are used to control plant diseases that have an impact on the environmental and nutritional content of the crop. In this scenario, plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) are safe and effective substitutes for the control of root infections. In this study, we have investigated the effect of different plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) on the suppression of root rot disease in tomato plants. In field plot experiments, conducted in the season I and repeated in season II, the application of PGPMs improved the systemic resistance of plants against root rot pathogens via improving the functioning of antioxidant molecules. They considerably reduced the infection caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum compared to untreated control plants . Isolates of PGPMs significantly ( p<0.05 ) enhanced the amount of total phenol, and salicylic acid with an improvement in crop yield and quality of fruit (dry matter, soluble solids, fruit acidity, and lycopene content). In season I, Penicillium (Pen1-R) whereas in season II, Trichoderma (ET-6) treated plants produced the highest quality of tomato fruit with better plant growth and suppression of root rot disease. In both seasons, Penicillium and Trichoderma were found to be effective as compared to untreated control plants and plants treated with carbendazim, a commercial fungicide. This research will help to make an impact on the production of tomatoes in a sustainable way.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tahira Nawaz, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad, Mansoor Hameed, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid
{"title":"Re-colonization potential of native vegetation in habitats fragmented for construction of motorways","authors":"Tahira Nawaz, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad, Mansoor Hameed, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-3(4)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-3(4)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iqra Naseer, Sumera Javed, Anis Ali Shah, Amina Tariq, Asma Ahmad
The agricultural sector is being affected by environmental extremes nowadays and causing issues to food security globally. To resolve these issues, researchers are taking much interest in nanofertilizers and related products nowadays. Maize is known to be an important cereal crop after wheat and rice worldwide. Lack of micronutrients especially zinc in cereal crops is a problem in today’s agriculture. The use of plant-based zinc nanoparticles in the form of nano-fertilizers can reduce this problem. The current study mainly focuses on the green synthesis of zinc nanoparticles and their effects on Zea mays growth. The formation of Zinc oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and particle size analysis. The effect of concentration of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (0.2-1000 mgL -1 ) was studied on germination, seedling parameters (root and shoot length, fresh, and dry seedling weight), and biochemical parameters (Chlorophyll, sugar, proline, phenolic, and protein content) of Z. mays seeds under lab conditions. The pot experiment was then conducted with the selected concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles from the petriplate experiment and zinc sulfate salt as a control. Growth and yield parameters were studied for grown maize plants. Results indicated that spherical-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 68-89nm were obtained, where phenolics were the main chemicals present at the surface of NPs. Zinc oxide nanoparticles improved seed germination significantly (92%) as compared to the control treatment (68%). Root length (26.6cm±0.9) and shoot length (12.1cm ±1) were also enhanced in pots of nanoparticle treatment as compared to control i.e., 23.4±0.9 and 7±1 respectively. Zinc oxide nanoparticles also enhanced sugar content (455ug/g±9.08), protein content (17.1µg/g±0.2), proline content (343.71µg/g±1), and chlorophyll content (682.96ug/g±44) of maize seedlings as compared to control 155, 10.3, 206, 252ug/g of plant material respectively. Results of the pot experiment showed that Zinc oxide nanoparticles treatment significantly increased the germination percentage (25%), shoot length (50%), root length (22.2%), leaf area (34.3%), cobs per plant (33%), chlorophyll content (18.4%), Sugar content (2.5%), Phenolic content (3.4%), proline content (36.3), MDA content (20%), starch content (33%), and zinc content (110%) significantly as compared to control. Hence our results indicated that zinc oxide nanoparticles can be utilized as nanofertilizers to induce early germination in plants and to enhance seedling growth and biochemical processes for Zea mays .
{"title":"Influence of phyto-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth of (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Iqra Naseer, Sumera Javed, Anis Ali Shah, Amina Tariq, Asma Ahmad","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-3(7)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-3(7)","url":null,"abstract":"The agricultural sector is being affected by environmental extremes nowadays and causing issues to food security globally. To resolve these issues, researchers are taking much interest in nanofertilizers and related products nowadays. Maize is known to be an important cereal crop after wheat and rice worldwide. Lack of micronutrients especially zinc in cereal crops is a problem in today’s agriculture. The use of plant-based zinc nanoparticles in the form of nano-fertilizers can reduce this problem. The current study mainly focuses on the green synthesis of zinc nanoparticles and their effects on Zea mays growth. The formation of Zinc oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and particle size analysis. The effect of concentration of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (0.2-1000 mgL -1 ) was studied on germination, seedling parameters (root and shoot length, fresh, and dry seedling weight), and biochemical parameters (Chlorophyll, sugar, proline, phenolic, and protein content) of Z. mays seeds under lab conditions. The pot experiment was then conducted with the selected concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles from the petriplate experiment and zinc sulfate salt as a control. Growth and yield parameters were studied for grown maize plants. Results indicated that spherical-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 68-89nm were obtained, where phenolics were the main chemicals present at the surface of NPs. Zinc oxide nanoparticles improved seed germination significantly (92%) as compared to the control treatment (68%). Root length (26.6cm±0.9) and shoot length (12.1cm ±1) were also enhanced in pots of nanoparticle treatment as compared to control i.e., 23.4±0.9 and 7±1 respectively. Zinc oxide nanoparticles also enhanced sugar content (455ug/g±9.08), protein content (17.1µg/g±0.2), proline content (343.71µg/g±1), and chlorophyll content (682.96ug/g±44) of maize seedlings as compared to control 155, 10.3, 206, 252ug/g of plant material respectively. Results of the pot experiment showed that Zinc oxide nanoparticles treatment significantly increased the germination percentage (25%), shoot length (50%), root length (22.2%), leaf area (34.3%), cobs per plant (33%), chlorophyll content (18.4%), Sugar content (2.5%), Phenolic content (3.4%), proline content (36.3), MDA content (20%), starch content (33%), and zinc content (110%) significantly as compared to control. Hence our results indicated that zinc oxide nanoparticles can be utilized as nanofertilizers to induce early germination in plants and to enhance seedling growth and biochemical processes for Zea mays .","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of elevated CO2 on rice seedling establishment of MR219 and SRI Malaysia 1 varieties","authors":"Mohammad Sadiq Salihi","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-3(5)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-3(5)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to determine the natural plants used traditionally by the local people for different ethnobotanical purposes in the villages around Esence (Keşiş) Mountains. Within the scope of the study, field trips to the villages were organized in the summer periods between 2010 and 2013. During my investigations face-to-face interviews were conducted with people living in the region and ethnobotanical features of the plants recorded. Our findings revealed that 139 plant taxa belonging to 107 genera and 40 families are distributed in the study area. The families with highest number of taxa were Rosaceae (19), Asteraceae (13), Fabaceae (11) and Lamiaceae (11). The plants collected were mostly used as food (95 taxa), spice (12 taxa) and animal fodder (12 taxa). The most commonly used plant organs were leaves (45 taxa) followed by fruits (27 taxa) and flowers (24 taxa). The most common way of consumption was raw (48 plants), cooked (32 plants), as salads (13 plants), spice (11 plants) and jam (11 plants). Our results also revealed that 9 endemic taxa were traditionally used in the area for a variety of ethnobotanical purposes.
{"title":"Traditional uses of wild plants in the villages around Esence mountains (Eastern Anatolia-Turkiye)","authors":"Mustafa Korkmaz","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(35)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(35)","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the natural plants used traditionally by the local people for different ethnobotanical purposes in the villages around Esence (Keşiş) Mountains. Within the scope of the study, field trips to the villages were organized in the summer periods between 2010 and 2013. During my investigations face-to-face interviews were conducted with people living in the region and ethnobotanical features of the plants recorded. Our findings revealed that 139 plant taxa belonging to 107 genera and 40 families are distributed in the study area. The families with highest number of taxa were Rosaceae (19), Asteraceae (13), Fabaceae (11) and Lamiaceae (11). The plants collected were mostly used as food (95 taxa), spice (12 taxa) and animal fodder (12 taxa). The most commonly used plant organs were leaves (45 taxa) followed by fruits (27 taxa) and flowers (24 taxa). The most common way of consumption was raw (48 plants), cooked (32 plants), as salads (13 plants), spice (11 plants) and jam (11 plants). Our results also revealed that 9 endemic taxa were traditionally used in the area for a variety of ethnobotanical purposes.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saoussen Kouki, Boulbaba L’taief, Rahamh N. Al-Qthanin, Mohammed O. Alshaharni, Bouaziz Sifi
{"title":"Inoculation with rhizobium strains improve common bean Phaseolus vulgaris tolerance of hydrous constraint","authors":"Saoussen Kouki, Boulbaba L’taief, Rahamh N. Al-Qthanin, Mohammed O. Alshaharni, Bouaziz Sifi","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(38)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(38)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Rashid Shaheen, Rashid Hussain, Muhammad Rafay, Sahar Rashid, Muhammad Aurangzaib, Mahiha Butt, Imran Khalid, Hafiz Nazar Faried, Muhammad Ahsan
{"title":"Salicylic acid associated modulation of physiological attributes of heat tolerant and heat sensitive tomato genotypes results in higher yield","authors":"Muhammad Rashid Shaheen, Rashid Hussain, Muhammad Rafay, Sahar Rashid, Muhammad Aurangzaib, Mahiha Butt, Imran Khalid, Hafiz Nazar Faried, Muhammad Ahsan","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(26)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(26)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136102614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unraveling the potential of ACC Deaminase-producing microbes in various agricultural stresses: current status, limitations, and recommendations","authors":"Siti Halimah Larekeng, Ngadiman Ngadiman, Yeni Khairina, Rumella Simarmata, Margaretta Christita","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(34)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(34)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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