Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L) is an important grain crop cultivated worldwide. Phosphorous is an essential macronutrient element that greatly contributed to the growth and yield of wheat crops. Proper phosphorous concentration and suitable sowing methods are involved in increased growth, yield, and nutrient profiling of the wheat crop. An experiment was performed at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, to evaluate the application of phosphorous and different sowing methods on three different wheat cultivars i.e. Gandum-1, Sehar-2006 and Faisalabad-2008. The experiment was performed to study the impact of four different phosphorous levels (control, 60kg ha -1 , 120 kg ha -1 , 180kg ha -1 ) on three different wheat cultivars by using three different sowing methods i.e. flat, drill and bed sowing. A randomized complete block design was used to perform the experiment. Present results indicated that leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate; plant height, spike length, number of spikelets, fertile tillers, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, phosphorous content, protein content, oil content and chlorophyll content were significantly increased in cultivar Faisalabad-2008, phosphorous 180 kg ha -1 and bed sowing method. From present results, it has been concluded that Faisalabad-2008 is a higher yielding cultivar grown on bed sowing method with the application of phosphorous 180 kg ha -1 and this combination is more suitable to attain higher yield in the future.
小麦是世界范围内重要的粮食作物。磷是一种重要的常量营养元素，对小麦的生长和产量起着重要作用。适当的磷浓度和适宜的播种法对小麦的生长、产量和养分分布都有重要影响。在木尔坦市中央棉花研究所进行了试验，评价了磷和不同播种方法在甘姆-1号、塞哈尔-2006和费萨拉巴德-2008三个不同小麦品种上的应用。本试验采用平播、钻播和床播三种不同的播法，研究了4种不同磷水平(对照、60kg ha -1、120 kg ha -1和180kg ha -1)对3个小麦品种的影响。采用随机完全区组设计进行实验。结果表明:叶面积指数、叶面积持续时间、作物生长率、净同化率;“费萨拉巴德-2008”品种在施磷180 kg ha -1和床播方式下，株高、穗长、颖花数、可育分蘖数、穗粒数、千粒重、籽粒产量、生物产量、收获指数、磷含量、蛋白质含量、含油量和叶绿素含量均显著提高。综上所述，费萨拉巴德-2008是一种施用磷180 kg ha -1的床播高产品种，该组合更适合在未来获得更高的产量。
{"title":"Performance of wheat cultivars under different phosphorus levels and sowing methods","authors":"H. Ali, S. Hussain, Hafiz Shakeel Ahmad","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(4)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(4)","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L) is an important grain crop cultivated worldwide. Phosphorous is an essential macronutrient element that greatly contributed to the growth and yield of wheat crops. Proper phosphorous concentration and suitable sowing methods are involved in increased growth, yield, and nutrient profiling of the wheat crop. An experiment was performed at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, to evaluate the application of phosphorous and different sowing methods on three different wheat cultivars i.e. Gandum-1, Sehar-2006 and Faisalabad-2008. The experiment was performed to study the impact of four different phosphorous levels (control, 60kg ha -1 , 120 kg ha -1 , 180kg ha -1 ) on three different wheat cultivars by using three different sowing methods i.e. flat, drill and bed sowing. A randomized complete block design was used to perform the experiment. Present results indicated that leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate; plant height, spike length, number of spikelets, fertile tillers, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, phosphorous content, protein content, oil content and chlorophyll content were significantly increased in cultivar Faisalabad-2008, phosphorous 180 kg ha -1 and bed sowing method. From present results, it has been concluded that Faisalabad-2008 is a higher yielding cultivar grown on bed sowing method with the application of phosphorous 180 kg ha -1 and this combination is more suitable to attain higher yield in the future.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48924913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saira Qadir, Afsheen Khan, Muhammad Asad, Muhammad Fahad Khan, I. Salam
Physiological and metabolic actions are the key elements of plant growth and these activities are consistently effected by many environmental factors including allelopathy. Present study describes the allelopathic effect of Euphorbia hirta L. on physical and physiological aspects of Cicer arietinum L. Weed powder have significantly affected plant height, fresh and dry mass whereas, chlorophyll (a and b), carotene and protein contents are gradually decreased as the amount of weed increased up to a maximal of 20g of weed powder. Highest inhibition has observed in 20g. Protein contents have been greatly disrupted by allelopathic influence as well as chlorophyll contents while carotenes have been synthesized in greater amount with the increase in manure concentration. PAGE analysis has produced highest bands of proteins in control sample whereas, 20 gram weed powder showed lowest number of bands. MANOVA computation released highly significant ( p <0.001) differences among the samples. The soil samples show significant ( p <0.01) effectiveness of pH that can be a factor for allelopathic response from soil and plant growth. It can be concluded that E. hirta has produced inhibitory effects on plant growth, specifically responsible for protein damage and deactivation of chlorophyll content.
{"title":"A bioassay of proteins and evaluation of physiological activity of Cicer arietinum L. seedlings under the influence of allelopathic weed Euphorbia hirta L.","authors":"Saira Qadir, Afsheen Khan, Muhammad Asad, Muhammad Fahad Khan, I. Salam","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(1)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(1)","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological and metabolic actions are the key elements of plant growth and these activities are consistently effected by many environmental factors including allelopathy. Present study describes the allelopathic effect of Euphorbia hirta L. on physical and physiological aspects of Cicer arietinum L. Weed powder have significantly affected plant height, fresh and dry mass whereas, chlorophyll (a and b), carotene and protein contents are gradually decreased as the amount of weed increased up to a maximal of 20g of weed powder. Highest inhibition has observed in 20g. Protein contents have been greatly disrupted by allelopathic influence as well as chlorophyll contents while carotenes have been synthesized in greater amount with the increase in manure concentration. PAGE analysis has produced highest bands of proteins in control sample whereas, 20 gram weed powder showed lowest number of bands. MANOVA computation released highly significant ( p <0.001) differences among the samples. The soil samples show significant ( p <0.01) effectiveness of pH that can be a factor for allelopathic response from soil and plant growth. It can be concluded that E. hirta has produced inhibitory effects on plant growth, specifically responsible for protein damage and deactivation of chlorophyll content.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42708161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vigna radiate L. (Mung bean) is an edible leguminous plant that has adapted to different environmental conditions and possesses many varieties and local formas. Agronomic traits and nutrient compositions change depending on genotype and environmental conditions. In the present study, changes in agronomic properties, qualitative properties, and nutrient composition of 7 mung bean genotypes grown at different altitudes (L1: 1050 m, L2: 314 m) in two different locations [Isparta (L1) and Mersin (L2)] were investigated. It was found that there were significant differences between genotypes in both locations in terms of all characteristics examined in the study. In the study, it was found that the L2 location was superior in terms of agronomic characteristics. Water absorption capacity and swelling index were higher in the L2 location, while fat content, protein ratio, ash content, and carbohydrate content were higher in the L1 location. In terms of mineral element content, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron were higher in the L1 location, whereas calcium, copper, and zinc were higher in the L2 location, and potassium and manganese were not affected by locations. Examining both locations, the G2 genotype was superior in terms of agronomic characteristics, the G6 genotype was superior in terms of quality characteristics, and the G5 genotype was superior in terms of mineral content characteristics compared to other genotypes. Also, it was found that growing mung beans at low altitudes was more advantageous in terms of yield and yield components. However, it was found that the quality and nutrient composition of mung beans grown at higher altitudes were higher.
绿豆(Vigna辐射L.)是一种适应不同环境条件的可食用豆科植物，具有许多品种和地方形态。农艺性状和营养成分的变化取决于基因型和环境条件。本研究以不同海拔(L1: 1050 m, L2: 314 m)生长的7个基因型绿豆为材料，研究了两个不同地点[Isparta (L1)和Mersin (L2)]的农艺性状、品质性状和营养成分的变化。研究发现，就研究中所检查的所有特征而言，两个地点的基因型之间存在显著差异。研究发现，L2位置在农艺性状方面具有优势。L2位置的吸水能力和膨胀指数较高，L1位置的脂肪含量、蛋白质比、灰分含量和碳水化合物含量较高。矿质元素含量方面，磷、镁、铁在L1位置较高，钙、铜、锌在L2位置较高，钾、锰不受位置的影响。结果表明，G2基因型在农艺性状上优于其他基因型，G6基因型在品质性状上优于其他基因型，G5基因型在矿物质含量性状上优于其他基因型。此外，在低海拔地区种植绿豆在产量和产量组成方面都更有利。然而，海拔越高的绿豆品质和营养成分越高。
{"title":"Agronomic and quality properties and mineral contents of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes grown at different altitudes","authors":"R. Karaman, Cengiz Turkay","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(2)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(2)","url":null,"abstract":"Vigna radiate L. (Mung bean) is an edible leguminous plant that has adapted to different environmental conditions and possesses many varieties and local formas. Agronomic traits and nutrient compositions change depending on genotype and environmental conditions. In the present study, changes in agronomic properties, qualitative properties, and nutrient composition of 7 mung bean genotypes grown at different altitudes (L1: 1050 m, L2: 314 m) in two different locations [Isparta (L1) and Mersin (L2)] were investigated. It was found that there were significant differences between genotypes in both locations in terms of all characteristics examined in the study. In the study, it was found that the L2 location was superior in terms of agronomic characteristics. Water absorption capacity and swelling index were higher in the L2 location, while fat content, protein ratio, ash content, and carbohydrate content were higher in the L1 location. In terms of mineral element content, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron were higher in the L1 location, whereas calcium, copper, and zinc were higher in the L2 location, and potassium and manganese were not affected by locations. Examining both locations, the G2 genotype was superior in terms of agronomic characteristics, the G6 genotype was superior in terms of quality characteristics, and the G5 genotype was superior in terms of mineral content characteristics compared to other genotypes. Also, it was found that growing mung beans at low altitudes was more advantageous in terms of yield and yield components. However, it was found that the quality and nutrient composition of mung beans grown at higher altitudes were higher.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44303126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermophilic bacteria are always being attracted for their thermostable products including enzymes. In the present work, isolation and screening of thermophilic lipolytic bacterial strains were performed from hot spring environments of Azad Jammu, Kashmir, and Manghopir, Karachi. Forty-eight bacterial strains were isolated using serial dilution method. Phenol red agar medium was used to screen hyper producers for lipases production through agar well diffusion technique. Fifteen strains were found lipolytic positive. Six were selected as lipases hyper producers based on zone hydrolysis. Their compatibility was checked with all other strains for the formulation of bacterial consortium for maximum lipolytic activity. By fermentation process, the highest lipases production was observed by consortium of Bacillus toyonensis (L2AKh) and Bacillus thuringiensis (L2AKo), which was selected for subsequent lipases synthesis. Various physiological variables, including pH, incubation temperature and incubation time, were optimized for maximum lipases synthesis. Lipases produced by thermophilic bacteria had optimum pH of 6, incubation temperature of 60 o C, and an optimum incubation period was found to be 24h. The thermostable lipases produced in the present study are suitable for exothermic reactions on an industrial scale.
{"title":"Isolation and screening of thermophillic bacteria and its subsequent evaluation for lipases production","authors":"Tehmina Bashir, Hammad Majeed, T. Iftikhar","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(3)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(3)","url":null,"abstract":"Thermophilic bacteria are always being attracted for their thermostable products including enzymes. In the present work, isolation and screening of thermophilic lipolytic bacterial strains were performed from hot spring environments of Azad Jammu, Kashmir, and Manghopir, Karachi. Forty-eight bacterial strains were isolated using serial dilution method. Phenol red agar medium was used to screen hyper producers for lipases production through agar well diffusion technique. Fifteen strains were found lipolytic positive. Six were selected as lipases hyper producers based on zone hydrolysis. Their compatibility was checked with all other strains for the formulation of bacterial consortium for maximum lipolytic activity. By fermentation process, the highest lipases production was observed by consortium of Bacillus toyonensis (L2AKh) and Bacillus thuringiensis (L2AKo), which was selected for subsequent lipases synthesis. Various physiological variables, including pH, incubation temperature and incubation time, were optimized for maximum lipases synthesis. Lipases produced by thermophilic bacteria had optimum pH of 6, incubation temperature of 60 o C, and an optimum incubation period was found to be 24h. The thermostable lipases produced in the present study are suitable for exothermic reactions on an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43342792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jihen Hamdi, Narjes Kmeli, Inchirah Bettaieb, D. Bouktila
{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of bZIP family genes identifies their structural diversity, evolutionary patterns and expression profiles in response to salt stress in sugar beet","authors":"Jihen Hamdi, Narjes Kmeli, Inchirah Bettaieb, D. Bouktila","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(41)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(41)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using genetic and CRISPR/Cas9 methods to achieve quadruple mutant in trichome trimeric complex for future study in fiber initiation mechanism","authors":"Trinh Ngoc Ai, Nghi Khac Nhu, Anh Phu Nam Bui","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(7)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(7)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive study of the main biologically active compounds in Arctium lappa plants growing in Kazakhstan","authors":"Meruyert Abdikerim, Gulbayra Azimbaeva, Bakshat Izteleu, Kenzhegul Smailova","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(8)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(8)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foziya Altaf, Shazia Parveen, Mohammad Lateef Lone, Aehsan Ul Haq, Sumira Farooq, Inayatullah Tahir, Sheikh Mansoor, Mohammad Nasser Alyemeni
{"title":"Modulation of leaf senescence in Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. through the supplementation of kinetin and Methyl jasmonate","authors":"Foziya Altaf, Shazia Parveen, Mohammad Lateef Lone, Aehsan Ul Haq, Sumira Farooq, Inayatullah Tahir, Sheikh Mansoor, Mohammad Nasser Alyemeni","doi":"10.30848/pjb2024-2(6)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30848/pjb2024-2(6)","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19962,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Botany","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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