Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548678
M. Kazimierczuk, R. Cravens
The feasibility of the use of a super capacitor and a DC-DC power converter to improve the regulation of the bus voltage of an aircraft is studied in this paper. A PWM boost DC-DC power converter is used to transfer the energy from the capacitor to the DC bus. A PWM buck DC-DC power converter is used to transfer the energy from the DC bus to the super capacitor. Experimental results indicate that a super capacitor and a DC-DC power converter can he used to improve the regulation of the DC bus voltage of distributed power systems.
{"title":"Application of super capacitors for voltage regulation in aircraft distributed power systems","authors":"M. Kazimierczuk, R. Cravens","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548678","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of the use of a super capacitor and a DC-DC power converter to improve the regulation of the bus voltage of an aircraft is studied in this paper. A PWM boost DC-DC power converter is used to transfer the energy from the capacitor to the DC bus. A PWM buck DC-DC power converter is used to transfer the energy from the DC bus to the super capacitor. Experimental results indicate that a super capacitor and a DC-DC power converter can he used to improve the regulation of the DC bus voltage of distributed power systems.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"835-841 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86102944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548825
J. Wale, C. Pollock
This paper presents a description and experimental results of a drive which employs a novel two phase switched reluctance motor with two fully pitched windings, based on a principle originally proposed for three phase machines. This differs from a conventional short pitched machine in that the fully pitched machine develops torque as a result of interactions between the two windings, as opposed to changes in self inductance of the individual windings. This form of winding gives rise to some unusual drive requirements, in particular continuous direct current in one winding, which offer potential benefits in the component count and ratings of the drive electronics. An experimental motor has been constructed along with a number of power converters. Experimental results for the different converters are presented and their relative merits discussed.
{"title":"Novel converter topologies for a two-phase switched reluctance motor with fully pitched windings","authors":"J. Wale, C. Pollock","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548825","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a description and experimental results of a drive which employs a novel two phase switched reluctance motor with two fully pitched windings, based on a principle originally proposed for three phase machines. This differs from a conventional short pitched machine in that the fully pitched machine develops torque as a result of interactions between the two windings, as opposed to changes in self inductance of the individual windings. This form of winding gives rise to some unusual drive requirements, in particular continuous direct current in one winding, which offer potential benefits in the component count and ratings of the drive electronics. An experimental motor has been constructed along with a number of power converters. Experimental results for the different converters are presented and their relative merits discussed.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"1798-1803 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86880901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548648
Ó. García, J. Sebastian, J. Cobos, R. Prieto, J. Uceda
The output filters play a very important role in DC/DC converters. Important aspects of converters such as dynamic response, size and cost are closely related to the components of the filter. Small values for the filter components improve the performance of the converters and increase the power density, whereas minimum values should be provided to guarantee the filtering objective. A comparison of the typical LC configuration as output filter for several DC/DC converters, taking into account switching frequency issues and soft switching techniques, is described in this paper. Results show that some converters have advantages from the point of view of the output filter.
{"title":"A comparison of output filter size in DC/DC converters","authors":"Ó. García, J. Sebastian, J. Cobos, R. Prieto, J. Uceda","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548648","url":null,"abstract":"The output filters play a very important role in DC/DC converters. Important aspects of converters such as dynamic response, size and cost are closely related to the components of the filter. Small values for the filter components improve the performance of the converters and increase the power density, whereas minimum values should be provided to guarantee the filtering objective. A comparison of the typical LC configuration as output filter for several DC/DC converters, taking into account switching frequency issues and soft switching techniques, is described in this paper. Results show that some converters have advantages from the point of view of the output filter.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"638-644 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85829684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548776
J.L. Rodriguez Marrero, J. Font, G. Verghese
The possibility of chaotic behavior in DC-DC power converters under current-mode control has been well established by prior work. Although the spectral modifications that are associated with chaotic operation may provide an important motivation for actual operation in this regime, the literature on chaos in power electronics has tended to treat it more as an exotic effect than as a feasible mode of operation. This may explain why no prior work has attempted-for the chaotic regime-to characterize even the most basic property of DC-DC power converters, namely the input-output gain (which is the ratio of the average output voltage to the DC input voltage). The present paper shows how to compute this gain, and other averages of interest, for the chaotic regime of buck, boost, and buck-boost power converters under constant-frequency current-mode control and in continuous conduction. The authors' approach invokes the fact that the chaotic sampled inductor current is ergodic, hence governed by a "probability" density, which permits time averages to be replaced by ensemble averages. Although the density can be computed in detail, it turns out that approximating it (quite crudely) as a uniform density still yields very good results. In contrast, traditional computations based on the nominal (and unstable) periodic solution can be considerably in error.
{"title":"Analysis of the chaotic regime for DC-DC converters under current-mode control","authors":"J.L. Rodriguez Marrero, J. Font, G. Verghese","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548776","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of chaotic behavior in DC-DC power converters under current-mode control has been well established by prior work. Although the spectral modifications that are associated with chaotic operation may provide an important motivation for actual operation in this regime, the literature on chaos in power electronics has tended to treat it more as an exotic effect than as a feasible mode of operation. This may explain why no prior work has attempted-for the chaotic regime-to characterize even the most basic property of DC-DC power converters, namely the input-output gain (which is the ratio of the average output voltage to the DC input voltage). The present paper shows how to compute this gain, and other averages of interest, for the chaotic regime of buck, boost, and buck-boost power converters under constant-frequency current-mode control and in continuous conduction. The authors' approach invokes the fact that the chaotic sampled inductor current is ergodic, hence governed by a \"probability\" density, which permits time averages to be replaced by ensemble averages. Although the density can be computed in detail, it turns out that approximating it (quite crudely) as a uniform density still yields very good results. In contrast, traditional computations based on the nominal (and unstable) periodic solution can be considerably in error.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"83 1","pages":"1477-1483 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84252197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548669
K. Smedley
Many control methods for power convertor switching circuits employ an integrator to realize PWM. Depending how the integrator is used, the dynamic performance differs greatly. This paper presents a systematic evaluation of the function of integrators in some representative integrator related PWM methods, such as ASDTIC control, delta/delta-sigma modulation, modulated integral control and one-cycle control. In general, zero steady-state error is granted for all methods. Further, the variable frequency control methods are able to achieve one-cycle dynamic response. In the constant frequency category, however, only the one-cycle control method achieves one-cycle dynamic response, i.e., it realizes zero dynamic tracking error in the cycle average sense. In this paper, performance enhancement rules were explored for variable frequency control method in order to reduce the frequency variation. For the one-cycle control method, a pulse position modulation effect is identified which deteriorates the perturbation rejection ability of the single-side modulated one-cycle control method in the high frequency range. As a result, a double-side modulation is proposed that effectively reduces this effect. In addition, a fast reset mechanism is suggested that improves the switching error correction. This paper also provides a general approach to use integrators in PWM to realize arbitrary function.
{"title":"Integrators in pulse width modulation [switching circuits]","authors":"K. Smedley","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548669","url":null,"abstract":"Many control methods for power convertor switching circuits employ an integrator to realize PWM. Depending how the integrator is used, the dynamic performance differs greatly. This paper presents a systematic evaluation of the function of integrators in some representative integrator related PWM methods, such as ASDTIC control, delta/delta-sigma modulation, modulated integral control and one-cycle control. In general, zero steady-state error is granted for all methods. Further, the variable frequency control methods are able to achieve one-cycle dynamic response. In the constant frequency category, however, only the one-cycle control method achieves one-cycle dynamic response, i.e., it realizes zero dynamic tracking error in the cycle average sense. In this paper, performance enhancement rules were explored for variable frequency control method in order to reduce the frequency variation. For the one-cycle control method, a pulse position modulation effect is identified which deteriorates the perturbation rejection ability of the single-side modulated one-cycle control method in the high frequency range. As a result, a double-side modulation is proposed that effectively reduces this effect. In addition, a fast reset mechanism is suggested that improves the switching error correction. This paper also provides a general approach to use integrators in PWM to realize arbitrary function.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"773-781 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79449810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548779
T.C.T. Ng, F. Leung, P. Tam
A simple, easy to implement adaptive control strategy for DC-DC power converters based on a grid-point concept is presented in this paper. Multiple control laws are designed previously with respect to some defined operating points (grid-points). A parameter subspace associated with each grid-point can then be derived. The main idea is that the specified operation space is partitioned into small subspaces characterized by the grid-points, so that any disturbances can be localized to be small signals within a particular subspace. By switching the control law based on the associated grid-point best representing the actual operation, the operation range of the regulated converter is widened and the transient behavior is improved. Simulation results have shown its merit when large-signal disturbances are present in output load and input voltage.
{"title":"A simple adaptive control strategy for regulated switching DC-DC converter based on grid-point concept","authors":"T.C.T. Ng, F. Leung, P. Tam","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548779","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, easy to implement adaptive control strategy for DC-DC power converters based on a grid-point concept is presented in this paper. Multiple control laws are designed previously with respect to some defined operating points (grid-points). A parameter subspace associated with each grid-point can then be derived. The main idea is that the specified operation space is partitioned into small subspaces characterized by the grid-points, so that any disturbances can be localized to be small signals within a particular subspace. By switching the control law based on the associated grid-point best representing the actual operation, the operation range of the regulated converter is widened and the transient behavior is improved. Simulation results have shown its merit when large-signal disturbances are present in output load and input voltage.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"63 1","pages":"1494-1498 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84335125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548762
J. Burdío, A. Martinez, J.R. Garcia
In this paper, different classical models for power electronic converters are derived from a general model recently proposed. The obtained modeling methods, which are not themselves related, are the state-space averaging method, the injected-absorbed current method, the existence function theory for matrix-type power converters and some models for resonant power converters.
{"title":"Derivation of some classical modeling methods for power electronic converters from a unified model","authors":"J. Burdío, A. Martinez, J.R. Garcia","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548762","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, different classical models for power electronic converters are derived from a general model recently proposed. The obtained modeling methods, which are not themselves related, are the state-space averaging method, the injected-absorbed current method, the existence function theory for matrix-type power converters and some models for resonant power converters.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"1382-1387 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88199598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548638
Tianwen Wu, Y. Chen
This paper presents a systematic and unified approach to modeling PWM DC/DC power converters using the layer scheme. With the layer scheme, typical PWM power converters, such as buck-boost, Cuk, Zeta and Sepic, can be derived from the two basic power converter trees, buck and boost. The small-signal models of these power converters can, therefore, be readily derived in terms of h-parameter (for buck family) and g-parameter (for boost family). Using the proposed approach can help to yield highly related dynamic models of the power converters in a family. This merit has made the proposed modeling method become uniquely valuable.
{"title":"A systematic and unified approach to modeling PWM DC/DC converters using the layer scheme","authors":"Tianwen Wu, Y. Chen","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548638","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic and unified approach to modeling PWM DC/DC power converters using the layer scheme. With the layer scheme, typical PWM power converters, such as buck-boost, Cuk, Zeta and Sepic, can be derived from the two basic power converter trees, buck and boost. The small-signal models of these power converters can, therefore, be readily derived in terms of h-parameter (for buck family) and g-parameter (for boost family). Using the proposed approach can help to yield highly related dynamic models of the power converters in a family. This merit has made the proposed modeling method become uniquely valuable.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"575-580 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90421670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548618
H. Mao, F. Lee, Xunwei Zhou, H. Dai
This paper proposes new three-phase ZVT topologies. With a split DC link, the auxiliary switch voltage rating is reduced to half DC-link voltage, so the conduction loss and switching loss in the auxiliary circuit are significantly reduced compared to previous ZVT circuit. With the ZVT circuit reducing main switch turn-on loss, the converter can be operated at high switching frequencies efficiently and reliably, achieving higher power density and better control performance. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis.
{"title":"Novel soft switched three-phase voltage source converters with reduced auxiliary switch stresses","authors":"H. Mao, F. Lee, Xunwei Zhou, H. Dai","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes new three-phase ZVT topologies. With a split DC link, the auxiliary switch voltage rating is reduced to half DC-link voltage, so the conduction loss and switching loss in the auxiliary circuit are significantly reduced compared to previous ZVT circuit. With the ZVT circuit reducing main switch turn-on loss, the converter can be operated at high switching frequencies efficiently and reliably, achieving higher power density and better control performance. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"64 1","pages":"443-448 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90433593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-23DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1996.548753
D. Shmilovitz, S. Singer
A conceptual approach for pulsed power generation is described in this paper. This approach is based on the fact that the time of appearance of a voltage pulse traveling on a channel is directly proportional to the electrical length of the channel. Thus, if power pulses are fed into the inputs of a group of transmission lines sequentially, they may reach the end points simultaneously, if certain measures are taken. The first pulse should be applied to the input terminals of the longest transmission line, the second to the next, shorter transmission line and so on, the last pulse in the cycle is fed into the shortest transmission line. If the system is composed of m transmission line segments, the difference in the electrical length from line to line should be T/m, where T denotes the period of the cycle. The output peak power will be m times higher than the input peak power, due to either a rise in voltage, in current, or a combination of both. The current/voltage magnification would be defined by the choice of a suitable connection mode at the end points. The main advantages of the transmission line based topology are: (a) the switching elements the system consists of need to withstand a much lower power than the power experienced by the load, and (b) the system can operate either at extremely high frequencies or with very short rise and decay times of rectangular pulses.
{"title":"Energy compression by means of a switched mode topology of transmission lines","authors":"D. Shmilovitz, S. Singer","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1996.548753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1996.548753","url":null,"abstract":"A conceptual approach for pulsed power generation is described in this paper. This approach is based on the fact that the time of appearance of a voltage pulse traveling on a channel is directly proportional to the electrical length of the channel. Thus, if power pulses are fed into the inputs of a group of transmission lines sequentially, they may reach the end points simultaneously, if certain measures are taken. The first pulse should be applied to the input terminals of the longest transmission line, the second to the next, shorter transmission line and so on, the last pulse in the cycle is fed into the shortest transmission line. If the system is composed of m transmission line segments, the difference in the electrical length from line to line should be T/m, where T denotes the period of the cycle. The output peak power will be m times higher than the input peak power, due to either a rise in voltage, in current, or a combination of both. The current/voltage magnification would be defined by the choice of a suitable connection mode at the end points. The main advantages of the transmission line based topology are: (a) the switching elements the system consists of need to withstand a much lower power than the power experienced by the load, and (b) the system can operate either at extremely high frequencies or with very short rise and decay times of rectangular pulses.","PeriodicalId":19979,"journal":{"name":"PESC Record. 27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference","volume":"85 1","pages":"1323-1328 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80663296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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