Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology最新文献

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Biocontrol of Fusarium spp. and plant growth promoting efficacy of Bacillus velezensis strain SS_BR06 isolated from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102595

Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh , Shivannegowda Mahadevakumar , Siddaiah Chandranayaka , Shreedharmurthy Satish

The present study aimed to identify potential endophytic bacteria that can promote the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and have antagonistic activities against the phytopathogen that causes wilt disease. In this study, 53 endophytic bacteria were isolated from eggplant and screened against Fusarium spp. isolated from wilt-affected areas. The pathogenicity of F. oxysporum was confirmed and was inhibited by two bacterial strains, SS_BR06 and SS_BR09. However, a potent bacterial strain, SS_BR06, with various plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and better inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum was selected. Selected strain SS_BR06 was identified using 16S rDNA homologies as Bacillus velezensis. The strain exhibited PGP traits such as phosphate solubilization (61.26 μg ml⁻¹), nitrogen fixation, production of IAA (12.8 μg ml⁻¹), ammonia, ACC deaminase, siderophore, and hydrolytic enzymes. In addition, strain SS_BR06 enhanced the seedling growth parameters, such as the fresh and dry weight, length of the root and shoot, and the photosynthetic pigments (p ≤ 0.05). Fluorescent microscopy showed bacterial colonization in inoculated seedling roots. Surfactin and iturin lipopeptides were found by LC-MS and PCR. Live-dead staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed cell death and deformation in F. oxysporum mycelia treated with lipopeptide extract and bacterial suspension. Finally, reduction in severity of the disease and upregulation of defense-related enzyme production, such as SOD, POD, PPO, and PAL after bacterial treatment, confirmed the biocontrol potential and induction of systemic resistance. In conclusion, the present investigation reveals the potential of strain SS_BR06 in PGP of eggplant and environmentally friendly suppression of F. oxysporum.

{"title":"Biocontrol of Fusarium spp. and plant growth promoting efficacy of Bacillus velezensis strain SS_BR06 isolated from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh , Shivannegowda Mahadevakumar , Siddaiah Chandranayaka , Shreedharmurthy Satish","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to identify potential endophytic bacteria that can promote the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and have antagonistic activities against the phytopathogen that causes wilt disease. In this study, 53 endophytic bacteria were isolated from eggplant and screened against <em>Fusarium</em> spp. isolated from wilt-affected areas. The pathogenicity of <em>F. oxysporum</em> was confirmed and was inhibited by two bacterial strains, SS_BR06 and SS_BR09. However, a potent bacterial strain, SS_BR06, with various plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and better inhibition against <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> was selected. Selected strain SS_BR06 was identified using 16S rDNA homologies as <em>Bacillus velezensis</em>. The strain exhibited PGP traits such as phosphate solubilization (61.26 μg ml⁻<sup>1</sup>), nitrogen fixation, production of IAA (12.8 μg ml⁻<sup>1</sup>), ammonia, ACC deaminase, siderophore, and hydrolytic enzymes. In addition, strain SS_BR06 enhanced the seedling growth parameters, such as the fresh and dry weight, length of the root and shoot, and the photosynthetic pigments (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). Fluorescent microscopy showed bacterial colonization in inoculated seedling roots. Surfactin and iturin lipopeptides were found by LC-MS and PCR. Live-dead staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed cell death and deformation in <em>F. oxysporum</em> mycelia treated with lipopeptide extract and bacterial suspension. Finally, reduction in severity of the disease and upregulation of defense-related enzyme production, such as SOD, POD, PPO, and PAL after bacterial treatment, confirmed the biocontrol potential and induction of systemic resistance. In conclusion, the present investigation reveals the potential of strain SS_BR06 in PGP of eggplant and environmentally friendly suppression of <em>F. oxysporum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variability in the 3′UTR RNA1 of tomato torrado virus: Implications for virus transmission by whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102604

Marta Budziszewska, Patryk Frąckowiak, Arnika Przybylska, Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska

Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) is a whitefly-transmitted pathogen causing tomato necrosis. ToTV's genome consists of two positive single-stranded RNAs, with significant variability observed in RNA1. This study verified the hypothesis that deletions in the 3′untranslated region (UTR) of RNA1 affect virus acquisition and its spreading to healthy plants. We found that ToTV-Kra (wild-type RNA1, referred to as var1) as well as its shortened variants, with different length deletions in 3′UTR RNA1 (referred to as var2Δ6, var3Δ49, var4Δ44, and var5Δ163), along with wild-type RNA2 were acquired and spread by Trialeurodes vaporariorum, leading to necrosis in tomatoes. Analysis of the RNA1 and RNA2 quantities detected in stylets revealed that, in most variants, RNA2 was more abundant than RNA1. The highest viral RNA levels (RNA1 and 2) and the most efficient transmission were observed for the longest ToTV-Kra variants (var1, var2Δ6), whereas var5Δ163, the shortest variant along with the longest one exhibited a higher RNA1 titer in insect stylets. Overall, the longest RNA1 variant enabled the most efficient virus uptake from source plants.

While the mechanisms underlying the emergence of deletion variants remain unexplored, notable differences exist in viral load in whiteflies and subsequent replication in plants. On this basis, we assumed that 3′UTR variability may be an evolutionary adaptation of ToTV to transmission mode.

{"title":"Genetic variability in the 3′UTR RNA1 of tomato torrado virus: Implications for virus transmission by whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)","authors":"Marta Budziszewska, Patryk Frąckowiak, Arnika Przybylska, Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) is a whitefly-transmitted pathogen causing tomato necrosis. ToTV's genome consists of two positive single-stranded RNAs, with significant variability observed in RNA1. This study verified the hypothesis that deletions in the 3′untranslated region (UTR) of RNA1 affect virus acquisition and its spreading to healthy plants. We found that ToTV-Kra (wild-type RNA1, referred to as var1) as well as its shortened variants, with different length deletions in 3′UTR RNA1 (referred to as var2Δ6, var3Δ49, var4Δ44, and var5Δ163), along with wild-type RNA2 were acquired and spread by <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorum</em>, leading to necrosis in tomatoes. Analysis of the RNA1 and RNA2 quantities detected in stylets revealed that, in most variants, RNA2 was more abundant than RNA1. The highest viral RNA levels (RNA1 and 2) and the most efficient transmission were observed for the longest ToTV-Kra variants (var1, var2Δ6), whereas var5Δ163, the shortest variant along with the longest one exhibited a higher RNA1 titer in insect stylets. Overall, the longest RNA1 variant enabled the most efficient virus uptake from source plants.</div><div>While the mechanisms underlying the emergence of deletion variants remain unexplored, notable differences exist in viral load in whiteflies and subsequent replication in plants. On this basis, we assumed that 3′UTR variability may be an evolutionary adaptation of ToTV to transmission mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-time PCR assay for the early detection and relative quantification of the Rubus idaeus pathogen Aculeastrum americanum

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102602

Ana Rita Varela , Melissa Y. Oliveira , Francisco Luz , Cândida Sofia Trindade , Maria José Silva , Teresa Valdiviesso , Pedro Brás de Oliveira , Filomena Nóbrega

Late leaf rust of raspberry (Rubus idaeus), caused by Aculeastrum americanum (Farl.) M. Scholler & U. Braun (syn. Pucciniastrum americanum (Farlow) Arthur and syn. Thekopsora americana (Farl.) Aime McTaggart), is a fungal disease that inflicts significant losses and poses a serious threat to production. The absence of specific tests to detect late leaf rust before symptom onset allows the disease to spread undetected, leading to significant crop losses and complicating management. Thus, our objective was to establish an accurate and easy-to-apply semi-quantitative real-time PCR method to detect plants infected by A. americanum prior to commercialization, and to evaluate resistant cultivars in the breeding program. For this, primers were designed to amplify 272 bp and 119 bp fragments in the partial ITS1 and 5.8S rDNA regions of A. americanum and tested in semi-quantitative real-time PCR assays to screen for the fungus in a panel of cultivars displaying different degrees of symptoms, sourced from the INIAV raspberry germplasm collection. The assays showed consistent linear amplification from genomic DNA with both primer pairs, starting at 24 pg/uL, across all technical replicates. No cross-reactivity was observed with plant DNA. In the samples collected from the field, it was possible to detect A. americanum DNA in asymptomatic leaves, indicating the existence of weak and latent infections.

The assays designed in the present study represent the first specific test designed for the rapid detection and quantification of A. americanum, serving as a valuable tool for implementation of preventive strategies that mitigate the spread of the disease in Rubus idaeus.

{"title":"Real-time PCR assay for the early detection and relative quantification of the Rubus idaeus pathogen Aculeastrum americanum","authors":"Ana Rita Varela , Melissa Y. Oliveira , Francisco Luz , Cândida Sofia Trindade , Maria José Silva , Teresa Valdiviesso , Pedro Brás de Oliveira , Filomena Nóbrega","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late leaf rust of raspberry (<em>Rubus idaeus</em>), caused by <em>Aculeastrum americanum</em> (Farl.) M. Scholler & U. Braun (syn. <em>Pucciniastrum americanum</em> (Farlow) Arthur and syn. <em>Thekopsora americana</em> (Farl.) Aime McTaggart), is a fungal disease that inflicts significant losses and poses a serious threat to production. The absence of specific tests to detect late leaf rust before symptom onset allows the disease to spread undetected, leading to significant crop losses and complicating management. Thus, our objective was to establish an accurate and easy-to-apply semi-quantitative real-time PCR method to detect plants infected by <em>A</em>. <em>americanum</em> prior to commercialization, and to evaluate resistant cultivars in the breeding program. For this, primers were designed to amplify 272 bp and 119 bp fragments in the partial ITS1 and 5.8S rDNA regions of <em>A. americanum</em> and tested in semi-quantitative real-time PCR assays to screen for the fungus in a panel of cultivars displaying different degrees of symptoms, sourced from the INIAV raspberry germplasm collection. The assays showed consistent linear amplification from genomic DNA with both primer pairs, starting at 24 pg/uL, across all technical replicates. No cross-reactivity was observed with plant DNA. In the samples collected from the field, it was possible to detect <em>A. americanum</em> DNA in asymptomatic leaves, indicating the existence of weak and latent infections.</div><div>The assays designed in the present study represent the first specific test designed for the rapid detection and quantification of <em>A. americanum</em>, serving as a valuable tool for implementation of preventive strategies that mitigate the spread of the disease in <em>Rubus idaeus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First report of leaf spot disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea on Ophiopogon japonicus in China

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102601

Yanru Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Yunfeng Huo , Shuyun Wang

Ophiopogon japonicus has been extensively grown for ornamental and medicinal purpose in China. In October 2023, the leaf spot symptoms of O. japonicus were observed, which appeared as brown lesions and yellow halos on the tip of the leaves, accompanied by the occurrence of pycnidia on more mature lesions. The fungal pathogen was isolated from the infected leaves of O. japonicus, which was identified to be Botryosphaeria dothidea through morphological features and molecular analysis involving tef1-α, ITS, and tub2 genes. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by inoculating O. japonicus leaves with mycelial plugs and conidia suspensions of B. dothidea. Appearing symptoms were similar to those observed in the field. The pathogen was reisolated and identity was reaffirmed based on its morphological and molecular traits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot disease induced by B. dothidea on O. japonicus in China.

引用次数: 0

Pantoea jilinensis D25 promotes tomato growth and induces resistance to tomato gray mold (causative agent Botrytis cinerea)

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102599

Lining Zheng , Xuehu Gu , Ping Chen , Hongyu Pan , Hao Zhang , Jingyuan Chen

Pantoea jilinensis D25, a strain isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil, was used to treat tomato gray mold. To elucidate the mechanisms behind strain D25's antifungal and growth-promoting effects, we assessed its performance both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that strain D25 exhibited the ability to solubilize phosphorus and potassium and fix nitrogen. Moreover, the application of strain D25 significantly enhanced various growth parameters of tomato plants, including plant height, root length, fresh and dry weights, and total chlorophyll content. Specifically, plant height increased by 22.83 %, root length by 33.76 %, fresh weight by 77.75 %, dry weight by 52.36 %, and total chlorophyll content by 26.76 %. Upon application of strain D25, the activities of biocontrol-related soil enzymes were enhanced. Furthermore, strain D25 successfully colonized both tomato roots and soil. Notably, it exhibited substantial efficacy in preventing tomato plants from Botrytis cinerea, as evidenced by a 77.95 % reduction in the lesion area on tomato leaves after 5 days of inoculation. Root and soil colonization by P. jilinensis D25 likely explains the observed plant growth-promoting effects, which were evident in vitro and in vivo. The reduction in disease symptoms appears to be primarily driven by the induction of defense-related gene expression. Through enzyme activity assays and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR), strain D25 was found to promote the activities of defense-related enzymes while decreasing malondialdehyde levels. In addition, strain D25 exhibited a preventive effect against tomato gray mold by enhancing the expression of systemically acquired resistance-related genes, including SIPR-a, SIPR3, SlPAL5, SlEIN2, SlMYC-2, and SlPDF1.2. Notably, the expression of SlEIN2 was significantly up-regulated, indicating activation of the ethylene signaling pathway. Therefore, strain D25 could be used as a biocontrol agent and has great potential to control tomato gray mold.

{"title":"Pantoea jilinensis D25 promotes tomato growth and induces resistance to tomato gray mold (causative agent Botrytis cinerea)","authors":"Lining Zheng , Xuehu Gu , Ping Chen , Hongyu Pan , Hao Zhang , Jingyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pantoea jilinensis</em> D25, a strain isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil, was used to treat tomato gray mold. To elucidate the mechanisms behind strain D25's antifungal and growth-promoting effects, we assessed its performance both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The results showed that strain D25 exhibited the ability to solubilize phosphorus and potassium and fix nitrogen. Moreover, the application of strain D25 significantly enhanced various growth parameters of tomato plants, including plant height, root length, fresh and dry weights, and total chlorophyll content. Specifically, plant height increased by 22.83 %, root length by 33.76 %, fresh weight by 77.75 %, dry weight by 52.36 %, and total chlorophyll content by 26.76 %. Upon application of strain D25, the activities of biocontrol-related soil enzymes were enhanced. Furthermore, strain D25 successfully colonized both tomato roots and soil. Notably, it exhibited substantial efficacy in preventing tomato plants from <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, as evidenced by a 77.95 % reduction in the lesion area on tomato leaves after 5 days of inoculation. Root and soil colonization by <em>P</em>. <em>jilinensis</em> D25 likely explains the observed plant growth-promoting effects, which were evident <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The reduction in disease symptoms appears to be primarily driven by the induction of defense-related gene expression. Through enzyme activity assays and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR), strain D25 was found to promote the activities of defense-related enzymes while decreasing malondialdehyde levels. In addition, strain D25 exhibited a preventive effect against tomato gray mold by enhancing the expression of systemically acquired resistance-related genes, including <em>SIPR-a</em>, <em>SIPR3</em>, <em>SlPAL5</em>, <em>SlEIN2</em>, <em>SlMYC-2</em>, and <em>SlPDF1.2</em>. Notably, the expression of <em>SlEIN2</em> was significantly up-regulated, indicating activation of the ethylene signaling pathway. Therefore, strain D25 could be used as a biocontrol agent and has great potential to control tomato gray mold.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alternaria brassicicola-induced postharvest head blight of cabbage: Insights into its pathogenicity and host range potential on crucifer crops

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102597

Alexander Balamurugan, Shivani Gajbhiye, Sivasubramanian Rajarammohan

Alternaria brassicicola, a prevalent necrotrophic fungal pathogen of Brassica species, infects above-ground plant parts in fields and postharvest. We observed an unusual case of head blight disease in cabbage from a market in Mohali, India. Symptomatic samples were collected and subjected to etiological and molecular investigations. Ten morphologically similar fungal isolates were isolated, and one isolate, CAbc, was comprehensively characterized. Radial growth assays on nutrient-rich media indicated that the isolate CAbc thrived and sporulated at 5–30 °C and pH 3.0–10, indicating potential for survival and re-emergence. In vitro assays demonstrated that the isolate CAbc induced typical head blight symptoms, leading to complete cabbage head decay. Pathogenicity tests on detached and intact cabbage leaves and foliar inoculation confirmed characteristic leaf blight symptoms, accelerated senescence, and leaf withering, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Multilocus sequence analysis confirmed A. brassicicola as the causative pathogen. Phylogenetic analysis using five marker genes of A. brassicicola isolates revealed that the isolate CAbc clustered with the type strain ATCC 96836 (EG Simmons). Host range assays demonstrated consistent virulence on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and oilseed mustard (B. juncea subsp. juncea). The pathogen caused severe leaf blight under various in vitro and in planta inoculation trials. These findings suggested that the isolate CAbc, originally isolated from cabbage, exhibits a broad host range among other cruciferous crops. Collectively, our findings provided insights into the pathogen's identity, growth tolerance, pathogenicity, genetic relationships, infection-related histopathology, and host range, which might help guide pre- and postharvest disease management strategies.

{"title":"Alternaria brassicicola-induced postharvest head blight of cabbage: Insights into its pathogenicity and host range potential on crucifer crops","authors":"Alexander Balamurugan, Shivani Gajbhiye, Sivasubramanian Rajarammohan","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Alternaria brassicicola</em>, a prevalent necrotrophic fungal pathogen of <em>Brassica</em> species, infects above-ground plant parts in fields and postharvest. We observed an unusual case of head blight disease in cabbage from a market in Mohali, India. Symptomatic samples were collected and subjected to etiological and molecular investigations. Ten morphologically similar fungal isolates were isolated, and one isolate, CAbc, was comprehensively characterized. Radial growth assays on nutrient-rich media indicated that the isolate CAbc thrived and sporulated at 5–30 °C and pH 3.0–10, indicating potential for survival and re-emergence. <em>In vitro</em> assays demonstrated that the isolate CAbc induced typical head blight symptoms, leading to complete cabbage head decay. Pathogenicity tests on detached and intact cabbage leaves and foliar inoculation confirmed characteristic leaf blight symptoms, accelerated senescence, and leaf withering, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Multilocus sequence analysis confirmed <em>A. brassicicola</em> as the causative pathogen. Phylogenetic analysis using five marker genes of <em>A. brassicicola</em> isolates revealed that the isolate CAbc clustered with the type strain ATCC 96836 (EG Simmons). Host range assays demonstrated consistent virulence on cauliflower (<em>B</em><em>rassica oleracea</em> var. <em>botrytis</em>) and oilseed mustard (<em>B. juncea</em> subsp. <em>juncea</em>). The pathogen caused severe leaf blight under various <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in planta</em> inoculation trials. These findings suggested that the isolate CAbc, originally isolated from cabbage, exhibits a broad host range among other cruciferous crops. Collectively, our findings provided insights into the pathogen's identity, growth tolerance, pathogenicity, genetic relationships, infection-related histopathology, and host range, which might help guide pre- and postharvest disease management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143286665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploiting pipazethate HCL as a plant defense activator targeting salicylic acid pathway in rice against blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102598

Elgaly K. Salman , Kamal E. Ghoniem , Elsayedalaa S. Badr , Ramadan A. Arafa , Kallol Das , Amero A. Emeran

Globally, blast disease in rice is one of the most important challenges limiting affected on rice crop productivity. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) has been broadly investigated in a variety of plant species for enhancing inner resistance to various phytopathogens. The present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of pipazethate HCL as a substance of SAR against Pyricularia oryzae in rice. The results indicated that pipazethate HCl has no effect on the linear growth of P. oryzae at various concentrations in vitro. However, it significantly enhanced the level of resistance to rice blast fungus at different concentrations under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, pipazethate HCL, salicylic acid, and tricyclazole 75 % WP are significantly decreasing the number of spores produced on infected rice lesions. Additionally, pipazethate HCL activates some salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway indicators such as OsWRKY45 and OsNPR1, but jasmonic acid (JA) pathways such as AOS2, JAMYB, and PBZ1 (OsPR10) are not clear. The results suggested that pipazethate HCL is a salicylic acid analog against blast disease in rice inducing SAR that might be interrelated with the defense pathways of SA.

{"title":"Exploiting pipazethate HCL as a plant defense activator targeting salicylic acid pathway in rice against blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae","authors":"Elgaly K. Salman , Kamal E. Ghoniem , Elsayedalaa S. Badr , Ramadan A. Arafa , Kallol Das , Amero A. Emeran","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, blast disease in rice is one of the most important challenges limiting affected on rice crop productivity. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) has been broadly investigated in a variety of plant species for enhancing inner resistance to various phytopathogens. The present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of pipazethate HCL as a substance of SAR against <em>Pyricularia oryzae</em> in rice. The results indicated that pipazethate HCl has no effect on the linear growth of <em>P. oryzae</em> at various concentrations <em>in vitro</em>. However, it significantly enhanced the level of resistance to rice blast fungus at different concentrations under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, pipazethate HCL, salicylic acid, and tricyclazole 75 % WP are significantly decreasing the number of spores produced on infected rice lesions. Additionally, pipazethate HCL activates some salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway indicators such as OsWRKY45 and OsNPR1, but jasmonic acid (JA) pathways such as AOS2, JAMYB, and PBZ1 (OsPR10) are not clear. The results suggested that pipazethate HCL is a salicylic acid analog against blast disease in rice inducing SAR that might be interrelated with the defense pathways of SA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition effect of Botrytis cinerea and quality preservation of grape by Bletilla striata polysaccharide

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102594

Da Li , Yanli Zheng , Xuemei Han , Haiyu Ji , Xiaoxiang Su , Zhou Yuan , Kejing Yang , Xiaoyu Jia

This study investigated the effectiveness of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) growth and maintaining postharvest quality of ‘Red Globe’ grapes. The research revealed that BSP at a concentration of 20 mg mL⁻¹ exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth, spore germination, and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. BSP treatments substantially enhanced the activities of key resistance-related enzymes, and led to increased levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, thereby improving the disease resistance of fruit. The application of a BSP coating film proved effective in mitigating decay and maintaining the overall quality of ‘Red Globe’ grapes during storage. These findings collectively demonstrate BSP's potential as a promising agent for suppressing B. cinerea growth, enhancing fruit quality, and managing postharvest diseases in grape.

引用次数: 0

Protective role of Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Trichoderma harzianum to improve growth and physiological immune responses of Olea europaea tolerance against Fusarium solani

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102593

Amer M. Abdelaziz , Amr S. Mohamed , Mohamed S. Attia

Fusarium solani (FS) is a highly virulent fungus that affects Olea europaea (OE) plants, leading to significant physiological stress, reduced yield, and compromised fruit quality. In our study, FS had a disease index of 87.5% and 85% in 2022 and 2023, respectively. C. etunicatum (CE) and T. harzianum (TH) isolates were used to mitigate the harmful effects of the FS, reducing the disease index to 17.5%, 45%, 15%, and 35% in 2023. OE Plants inoculated with these isolates showed the most favorable conditions for the synthesis of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids (15.02, 11.56, and 2.84 mg/g fresh weight), which are essential for photosynthesis and plant health. The highest phenolic and proline concentrations were recorded in the 2023 season in healthy OE plants treated with both treatments. This indicates that this treatment may have provided optimal conditions for phenol synthesis, which is known for its antioxidant properties and role in plant defense mechanisms against FS wilt disease. Furthermore, the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed in the OE plant infected with FS and treated with CE in both seasons, demonstrating the induction of substantial oxidative stress. in conclusion: CE and TH provide a foundation for sustainable agricultural practices that can help safeguard olive production against the virulent pathogen FS.

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引用次数: 0

Effects of different fertilization treatments on Verticillium wilt of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiformme) and rhizosphere soil microbial communities

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102591

Pengyu Zhao , Kaikai Wang , Zelin Cao

The mechanisms by which organic fertilizers suppress Verticillium wilt in cherry tomato (Solanum lycpersicum var. cerasiforme) remain unclear. It is hypothesized that these fertilizers influence the microbial community in the rhizosphere, fostering a healthier microenvironment. This study utilized amplicon-based sequencing to examine how cherry tomato rhizosphere microbial communities evolve under three fertilization treatments and to analyze their relationship with disease incidence. Results showed that organic fertilizer (OF) significantly reduced the incidence of Verticillium wilt (P = 0.042), whereas inorganic fertilizer (CF) had no significant effect. OF in-creased fungal diversity in the rhizosphere (P = 0.04) and enhanced the fungal community structure and composition, though bacterial communities were not significantly affected. Both OF and CF increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Ascomycota while reducing Acidobacteria and Basidiomycota compared to the control group (CK). Soil pH was the strongest factor influ-encing bacterial community composition (Mantel test: r ≥ 0.2, P < 0.05), while total nitrogen (TN) strongly impacted fungal community composition. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that OF increased microbial community complexity and interspecies interactions, whereas CF di-minished them. Cross-kingdom bacterial-fungal network analysis identified 26 key fungal species negatively correlated with disease incidence (r = −0.77, P = 0.04). These findings suggest that OF reshapes the rhizosphere fungal community, enhancing diversity and interspecies interactions while suppressing disease through key taxa. This provides new evidence for the role of organic fertilizers in managing Verticillium wilt in cherry tomatoes.

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引用次数: 0

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